JP5199678B2 - 運動障害および他のcns適応症の処置に使用することにおけるドーパミントランスポータ阻害剤 - Google Patents
運動障害および他のcns適応症の処置に使用することにおけるドーパミントランスポータ阻害剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5199678B2 JP5199678B2 JP2007557139A JP2007557139A JP5199678B2 JP 5199678 B2 JP5199678 B2 JP 5199678B2 JP 2007557139 A JP2007557139 A JP 2007557139A JP 2007557139 A JP2007557139 A JP 2007557139A JP 5199678 B2 JP5199678 B2 JP 5199678B2
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- dopamine
- compound
- acceptable salt
- disease
- solvate
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- MOODSJOROWROTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylsulfuric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1OS(O)(=O)=O MOODSJOROWROTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000000980 schizophrenia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003248 secreting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940124834 selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012896 selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013207 serial dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940076279 serotonin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108010085082 sigma receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000260 silastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005573 silicon-containing polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035483 skin reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000430 skin reaction Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 208000020685 sleep-wake disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bisulfate Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])(=O)=O WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000342 sodium bisulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940100996 sodium bisulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical group O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009518 sodium iodide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008109 sodium starch glycolate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079832 sodium starch glycolate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920003109 sodium starch glycolate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012453 sprague-dawley rat model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000130 stem cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007929 subcutaneous injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010254 subcutaneous injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005346 substituted cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SEEPANYCNGTZFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfadiazine Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=NC=CC=N1 SEEPANYCNGTZFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950000244 sulfanilic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940071103 sulfosalicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008053 sultones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009747 swallowing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000946 synaptic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015883 synaptic transmission, dopaminergic Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012731 temporal analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RAOIDOHSFRTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrothiophene Chemical compound C1CCSC1 RAOIDOHSFRTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000001103 thalamus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940126585 therapeutic drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004797 therapeutic response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001089 thermophoresis Methods 0.000 description 1
- GVIJJXMXTUZIOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N thianthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 GVIJJXMXTUZIOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007970 thio esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DUYAAUVXQSMXQP-UHFFFAOYSA-M thioacetate Chemical compound CC([S-])=O DUYAAUVXQSMXQP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002813 thiocarbonyl group Chemical group *C(*)=S 0.000 description 1
- 229960002784 thioridazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002992 thymic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960005013 tiotixene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AOBORMOPSGHCAX-DGHZZKTQSA-N tocofersolan Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)CCC(=O)OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C AOBORMOPSGHCAX-DGHZZKTQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000984 tocofersolan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000002105 tongue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011200 topical administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012745 toughening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000041 toxicology testing Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000010487 tragacanth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000196 tragacanth Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940116362 tragacanth Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125725 tranquilizer Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003204 tranquilizing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002936 tranquilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037317 transdermal delivery Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- AYNNSCRYTDRFCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triazene Chemical compound NN=N AYNNSCRYTDRFCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KEROTHRUZYBWCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C KEROTHRUZYBWCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOALFFJGWSCQEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C XOALFFJGWSCQEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZEWQUBUPAILYHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoperazine Chemical compound C1CN(C)CCN1CCCN1C2=CC(C(F)(F)F)=CC=C2SC2=CC=CC=C21 ZEWQUBUPAILYHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002324 trifluoperazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001228 trophic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000825 ultraviolet detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000001364 upper extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001215 vagina Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940044959 vaginal cream Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000522 vaginal cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940044952 vaginal foam Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000259 vaginal foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940120293 vaginal suppository Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006216 vaginal suppository Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940070710 valerate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NAUWTFJOPJWYOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanoxerine Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC(F)=CC=1)OCCN1CCN(CCCC=2C=CC=CC=2)CC1 NAUWTFJOPJWYOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MIBSKSYCRFWIRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanoxerine dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC(F)=CC=1)OCCN1CCN(CCCC=2C=CC=CC=2)CC1 MIBSKSYCRFWIRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001755 vocal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002747 voluntary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008673 vomiting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000016261 weight loss Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014692 zinc oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002076 α-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000004835 α-tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108020001612 μ-opioid receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D211/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulphur atoms
- C07D211/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulphur atoms by oxygen atoms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P15/00—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/14—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/14—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
- A61P25/16—Anti-Parkinson drugs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/20—Hypnotics; Sedatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/24—Antidepressants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D295/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms
- C07D295/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by halogen atoms or nitro radicals
- C07D295/073—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by halogen atoms or nitro radicals with the ring nitrogen atoms and the substituents separated by carbocyclic rings or by carbon chains interrupted by carbocyclic rings
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- G—PHYSICS
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- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Hydrogenated Pyridines (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
Description
運動障害は、一つ以上の筋肉または筋肉群に関わる神経疾患である。かなりの国民が運動障害に侵され、それによる身体障害および悩みを抱えている。運動障害にはパーキンソン病、ハンチントン舞踏病、進行性核上性麻痺、ウィルソン氏病、トゥーレット症候群、癲癇、遅発性ジスキネジア、および様々な慢性振戦、チックおよびジストニアが含まれる。臨床的に異なる運動障害が見られても、元をたどれば脳の同じまたは類似の領域に行きつくこともある。例えば基底核(脳の半球深部にある細胞の大群)の異常が、様々な運動障害の原因因子とされている。
Jellinger,K.A.,Post Mortem Studies in Parkinson’s Disease―Is It Possible to Detect Brain Areas For Specific Symptoms?,J Neural Transm(1999)56(Supp);1−29 Khotら、Neuroleptics and Classic Tardive Dyskinesia,in Lang AE,Weiner WJ(eds.):Drug Induced Movement Disorders,Futura Publishing Co.,1992,pp121−166 Hayashiら、Clin.Neuropharmacol,(1996)19:390 Jesteら、Arch.Gen.Psychiatry,(1995)52:756 Deckerら、New Eng.J Med.,Oct.(1971)7,p.861 Chen,Clin.Orthop,June,(1998)102−6 Esperら、Tenn.Med,January,(1997)90:18−20 De Mattosら、Arq.Neuropsychiatry,March(1996)54:30−6
本発明は、一定のドーパミントランスポータ阻害剤群(本明細書においては集合的に本「DAT阻害剤群」と称する)の発見、および治療方法におけるこれらの阻害剤群の使用、およびパッケージ化された医薬品および医薬製剤の製造に関する。本DAT阻害剤群は化学式Iで表されるか、あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩、溶媒和物、代謝産物またはプロドラッグであって、
Arはそれぞれ独立して、置換または非置換のアリールまたはヘテロアリール環を表し;
Xは、―H、または―ORを表し;
Yは、―O―、―S―、―C(R)2―、または―N(R)―を表し;
Rはそれぞれ独立して、―Hまたは低級アルキルを表し;
R1は、例えばハロゲン、アミノ、アシルアミノ、アミジノ、シアノ、ニトロ、アジド、エーテル、チオエーテル、スルホキシド、―J―R2、―J―OH、―J―低級アルキル、―J―低級アルケニル、―J―R2、―J―SH、―J―NH2、あるいは置換または非置換の低級アルキル、低級アルケニル、シクロアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、シクロアルキルアルキル、ヘテロ環状アルキル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、アラルキル、またはヘテロアラルキル、あるいは上記の保護型など、それが結合している環の一つ以上の置換基を表し;
R2はそれぞれ独立して、Hあるいは置換または非置換の低級アルキル、シクロアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、アラルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、アリール、またはヘテロアリールを表し;
Jはそれぞれ独立して、―C(R)2―、―N(R)−、―O―、および―S―から選択される0から8(好ましくは0から4)単位を有する鎖を表し;
nは、0から2の整数であり;
pは、0または1であり;および
qは、0から2の整数であり、好ましくは1である。
I.概要
本発明は、運動障害に関連する症状を抑制しまたは減ずるために使用できる、一定のドーパミントランスポータ阻害剤群(本明細書において集合的に「DAT阻害剤群」と称する)の発見に関する。一定の好ましい実施形態において、運動障害はパーキンソン病である。
便宜のために、本明細書、実施例および添付の請求の範囲で使用される一定の用語をここでまとめる。
本DAT阻害剤群は化学式Iにより表されるか、あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩、溶媒和物、代謝産物またはプロドラッグであって、
Arはそれぞれ独立して、置換または非置換のアリールまたはヘテロアリール環を表し;
Xは、―H、または―ORを表し;
Yは、―O―、―S―、―C(R)2―、または―N(R)―を表し;
Rはそれぞれ独立して、―Hまたは低級アルキルを表し;
R1は、例えばハロゲン、アミノ、アシルアミノ、アミジノ、シアノ、ニトロ、アジド、エーテル、チオエーテル、スルホキシド、―J―R2、―J―OH、―J―低級アルキル、―J―低級アルケニル、―J―R2、―J―SH、―J―NH2、または置換または非置換の低級アルキル、低級アルケニル、シクロアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、シクロアルキルアルキル、ヘテロ環状アルキル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、アラルキル、またはヘテロアラルキル、または上記の保護型など、それが結合している環の一つ以上の置換基を表し;
R2はそれぞれ独立して、Hまたは置換または非置換の低級アルキル、シクロアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、アラルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、アリール、またはヘテロアリールを表し;
Jはそれぞれ独立して、―C(R)2―、―N(R)−、―O―、および―S―から選択される0から8(好ましくは0から4)の単位を有する鎖を表し;
nは、0から2の整数であり;
pは、0または1であり;および
qは、0から2の整数であり、好ましくは1である。
一定の実施形態においては、R1は、例えばピペリジン環の2―、4―、および/または6―位に位置した一つ以上の低級アルキル基を含む。
以下のセクションでは、本発明のいくつかの典型的なDAT阻害剤群の合成を詳しく記載する。しかし、これらの説明/実施例は解説を目的としたものにすぎず、記載の化合物だけに限定するものと解釈してはならない。熟練技術者は、以下に記載されるスキームの僅かな変更を伴って(または伴わずに)、本発明に関連する他の化合物をすぐに合成することができる。
HPLC方法A:
カラム:Alltech Platinum Cl8カラム、53×7mm、
カラム温度:40°C
移動相A:99.9:0.1水/TFA
移動相B:99.9:0.1アセトニトリル/TFA
検出器:220nmまたは254nm
試料調製:アセトニトリルまたは50:50アセトニトリル/水に溶解
注入量:10μL
勾配:
400mLのFisher―Porter反応器に、無水エタノール(225mL)、濃塩酸(13.0g)、10%Pd/C(4.0g)およびエチル―2―ニコチン酸メチル(15.0g、90.8mmol)を満たした。混合液を80°Cに加熱し、60psiの水素圧力をかけた。その後これらの条件で混合液を16時間撹拌した。混合液をさまして濾過した。濾過液を減圧下で蒸発させ、粘着性の固体を得た。この固体を水(25mL)に溶解し、飽和重炭酸ナトリウムを使用してpHをpH8.2に調節した。溶液を冷凍脱水して、2―Me―2を得た(12.6g、81%)。1H NMRスペクトルは、予想される構造と一致した。
アルゴン雰囲気下の機械的撹拌器を備えた1Lの三つ口丸底フラスコに、2―Me―2(10.5g、51.0mmol)および塩化メチレン(630mL)を満たした。周囲温度で撹拌しながら、トリエチルアミン(22.7g、224mmol)を加えた。次に、1―(4―クロロフェニル)―シクロブタンカルボン酸(17.2g、82.0mmol)、さらにブロモトリス(ピロリジノ)ホスホニウムヘキサフルオロリン酸(「PyBroP」、39.2g、84.0mmol)を加えた。混合液をアルゴン下で周囲温度で16時間撹拌した。10%の水酸化カリウム溶液(700mL)を反応混合物に加えた。その後、酢酸エチル(350mL)を加え、混合液を5分間撹拌した。層を分離し、水層を酢酸エチル(300mL)で再抽出した。酢酸エチルの抽出物を合わせ、無水硫酸マグネシウムで脱水した。この混合物を濾過し、濾過液を減圧下で蒸発させて粗生成物(57.2g)を得た。粗生成物を二等分した。60:30:1のクロロホルム/酢酸エチル/MeOHを用いてシリカゲル(750g)を充填した直径100mmのフラッシュカラム上にそれぞれをロードした。各カラムを、60:30:1のクロロホルム/酢酸エチル/MeOHで溶出した。最も純粋の生成物を含んだフラクションを集め、溶媒を減圧下で蒸発して脱水した。カラムクロマトグラフィの後、精製された2―Me―4(17.8g)を、(9.4g、50.5%)、HPLC(方法A)58.1%(AUC)、tR=6.11分(添付2を参照);および(8.7g、46.9%)、HPLC(方法A)76.5%(AUC)、tR=6.10分の二組に分離した。
アルゴン下に置かれた1Lの三つ口丸底フラスコに、テトラヒドロフラン(210mL)を満たし、0°Cに冷却した。水素化アルミニウムリチウム(27.9g)を0°Cでゆっくり加えた。別のフラスコで、2―Me―4(8.2g、22.5mmol)を、テトラヒドロフラン(150mL)中に溶解した。この2―Me―4の溶液を、0°Cの冷たいスラリーに加えた。テトラヒドロフラン(50mL)をさらに加えて、残渣をすすぎ込んだ。混合液をアルゴン下で16時間撹拌し、周囲温度まで温めた。混合液を0°Cに冷やし、水(200mL)を慎重に加えた。次に、15%の硫酸を加え、その結果pHがpH3.3に下がった。飽和重炭酸ナトリウムを加えてpHをpH8.0に調節した。ブフナー漏斗中の紙を通して固体を少しずつ濾過した(非常にゆっくりと)。濾過ケークは、酢酸エチル(1×500mL、2×800mL)で洗浄した。これらの各洗浄を用いて、水層を再抽出した。酢酸エチルの抽出物を集めて無水硫酸マグネシウムで脱水し、その後混合物を濾過した。濾過液を減圧下で蒸発させ、粗生成物(6.1g)を得た。粗生成物を、他の産出物(7.1g)と合わせて、60:30:1のクロロホルム/酢酸エチル/meOHを用いてシリカゲル(800g)を充填した直径100mmのフラッシュカラム上にロードした。60:30:1のクロロホルム/酢酸エチル/meOHでカラムを溶出した。最も純粋の生成物を含んだフラクションを集め、溶媒を減圧下で蒸発して脱水し、精製された2―Me―5を得た(3.4g、22.5%):HPLC(方法A)92.8%(AUC)、tR=4.79分。
100mLの一口丸底フラスコに、2―Me―5(3.4g、11.0mmol)および塩化メチレン(47mL)を満たした。次に、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(3.6g、27.6mmol)を、次いで塩化メシル(1.4g、12.2mmol)をフラスコに加えた。反応混合物を温めて緩やかに還流した。混合物が周囲温度へと冷却する間、1時間撹拌した。反応混合物を減圧下で蒸発させて脱水し、粗生成物(7.3g)を得た。粗生成物を、230:30:3のクロロホルム/酢酸エチル/2Mのアンモニアを含むメタノールを用いてシリカゲル(185g)を充填した直径40mmのフラッシュカラム上にロードした。230:30:3のクロロホルム/酢酸エチル/2Mのアンモニアを含むメタノールでカラムを溶出した。最も純粋の生成物を含んだフラクションを集め、溶媒を減圧下で蒸発して脱水し、精製した2―Me―5メシラート中間体を得た(3.4g、79.8%):HPLC(方法A)98.8%(AUC)、tR=5.15分。
200mLの一口丸底フラスコに、2―Me―5メシラート中間体(3.4g、8.8mmol およびジメチルホルムアミド(50mL)を満たした。反応混合物にα,α,α―トリフルオロ―p―クレゾール(1.4g、8.8mmol)を、次いで炭酸セシウム(7.2g、22.1mmol)を加えた。混合物を予熱した油浴(75°C)で4時間撹拌し、その後加熱せずに周囲温度へと冷却しながら16時間撹拌した。酢酸エチル(140mL)を加え、混合物を塩水(3×100mL)で洗浄した。無水硫酸マグネシウムで酢酸エチル層を脱水し、濾過した。濾過液を減圧下で蒸発させて脱水し、粗生成物(4.0g)を得た。粗生成物を、460:60:3のクロロホルム/酢酸エチル/2Mのアンモニアを含むメタノールを用いてシリカゲル(220g)を充填した直径40mmのフラッシュカラム上にロードした。460:60:3のクロロホルム/酢酸エチル/2Mのアンモニアを含むメタノールでカラムを溶出した。最も純粋の生成物を含んだフラクションを集め、溶媒を減圧下で蒸発して脱水し、精製された2Me―6を得た(2.1g、52.5%):LC/MS(イオンスプレー)m/z452[C25H29CIF3NO+H]+、HPLC(方法A)>99%(AUC)、tR=6.56分。1H NMRおよび13C NMRスペクトルは、予想される構造と一致した。
500mLの三つ口丸底フラスコに、4―メチルニコチン酸塩酸塩(7.4g、42.8mmol)および塩酸を含むメタノール(200mL;200mg/mL)を満たした。混合液を5時間加熱して緩やかに還流し、その後周囲温度に冷ましながら16時間撹拌した。周囲温度で15時間撹拌した後、インプロセスでHPLCを行った[HPLC(方法A):95.0%(AUC)、tR=1.84分]。溶液を減圧下で蒸発させて脱水し、4―Me―1(定量的に10.9g)を得た。
400mLのFisher―Porter反応器に、メタノール(115mL)、濃塩酸(4.8g)、10%のPd/C(1.5g)および4―Me―1(10.9g、42.8mmol)を満たした。混合物を80°Cに加熱し、60psiの水素圧力下に置いた。その後混合物をこれらの条件下で16時間撹拌した。珪藻土の層を通して混合物を冷却、濾過した。濾過液を減圧下で蒸発させて4―Me―2(定量的に9.6g)を得た。1H NMRスペクトルは、予想される構造と一致した。
アルゴン雰囲気下の機械的撹拌器を備えた2Lの三つ口丸底フラスコに、4―Me―2(9.6g、42.8mmol)および塩化メチレン(535mL)を満たした。周囲温度で撹拌しながら、トリエチルアミン(19.1g、188mmol)を加えた。次に、1―(4―クロロフェニル)―シクロブタンカルボン酸(14.5g、68.8mmol)を、次いでブロモトリス(ピロリジノ)ホスホニウムヘキサフルオロリン酸(PyBroP、32.9g、70.5mmol)を加えた。混合物を、アルゴン下で周囲温度で16時間撹拌した。10%の水酸化カリウム溶液(650mL)を反応混合物に加えた。その後酢酸エチル(400mL)を加え、混合物を5分撹拌した。層を分離し、水層を酢酸エチル(400mL)で再抽出した。酢酸エチルの抽出物を集めて、無水硫酸マグネシウムで脱水した。この混合物を濾過し、濾過液を減圧下で蒸発させて粗生成物(47.1g)を得た。粗生成物を二等分した。第一部分は、60:30:1のCHCl3/EtOAc/MeOHを用いてシリカゲル(700g)を充填した直径100mmのフラッシュカラム上にロードした60:30:1のCHCl3/EtOAc/MeOHでこのカラムを溶出した。第二部分は、160:40:1のCHCl3/EtOAc/MeOHを用いてシリカゲル(700g)を充填した直径100mmのフラッシュカラム上にロードした。160:40:1のCHCl3/EtOAc/MeOHでこのカラムを溶出した。最も純粋の生成物を含んだフラクションを集め、溶媒を減圧下で蒸発して脱水した。純度の低いフラクションを集め、溶媒を減圧下で蒸発して第三の小さめのカラムの材料(3.2g)とした。カラムクロマトグラフィの後、精製した4―Me―4(11.4g)を、(9.4g、35.4%)、HPLC(方法A)83.8%(AUC)、tR=5.90分(4.5g、30.2%)、HPLC(方法A)93.4%(AUC)、tR=5.88分;および(1.6g、10.4%)の三組に分離した。
アルゴン下に置かれた2Lの三つ口丸底フラスコに、テトラヒドロフラン(300mL)を満たし、0°Cに冷却した。水素化アルミニウムリチウム(38.7g)を、0°Cでゆっくりと加えた。別のフラスコで、三組(5.3g、15.1mmol;4.5g、12.9mmol;および1.6g、4.4mmol)の4―Me―4(11.4g)をテトラヒドロフラン(250mL)中に溶解した。4―Me―4の溶液を、0°CのLAHの冷たいスラリーに加えた。テトラヒドロフラン(25mL)をさらに加えて残渣をすすぎ込んだ。混合物をアルゴン下で16時間撹拌し、周囲温度に温めた。混合物を0°Cに冷やし、水(300mL)を慎重に加えた。次に15%の硫酸を加え、その結果pHはpH3.5に下がった。固形の炭酸水素ナトリウムを加えてpHをpH7.6に調節した。ブフナー漏斗中の珪藻土/紙を通して、固形物を少しずつ(非常にゆっくりと)濾過した。濾過ケークを酢酸エチル(1×250mL、2×400mL)で洗浄した。これらの各洗浄を用いて水層を再抽出した。酢酸エチルの抽出物を集めて無水硫酸マグネシウムで脱水し、その後混合物を濾過した。濾過液を減圧下で蒸発させて粗生成物(8.1g)を得た。粗生成物を、160:40:1のCHCl3/EtOAc/MeOHを用いてシリカゲル(800g)を充填した直径100mmのフラッシュカラムにロードした。160:40:1のCHCl3/EtOAc/MeOHでカラムを溶出した。最も純粋の生成物を含んだフラクションを集め、溶媒を減圧下で蒸発して脱水し、精製した4―Me―5を得た(2.8g、28.1%):HPLC(方法A)77.6%(AUC)、tR=5.13分。
100mLの一口丸底フラスコに、4―Me―5(2.8g、9.1mmol)および塩化メチレン(40mL)を満たした。次に、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(2.9g、22.7mmol)を、次いで塩化メシル(1.2g、10.0mmol)をフラスコに加えた。反応混合物を温めて緩やかに還流した。混合物を周囲温度へと冷却させながら1時間撹拌した。反応混合物を減圧下で蒸発させて脱水し、粗生成物(5.7g)を得た。粗生成物を、230:30:3のクロロホルム/酢酸エチル/2Mのアンモニアを含むMeOHを用いてシリカゲル(200g)を充填した直径40mmのフラッシュカラム上にロードした。230:30:3のクロロホルム/酢酸エチル/2Mのアンモニアを含むMeOHでカラムを溶出した。最も純粋の生成物を含んだフラクションを集め、溶媒を減圧下で蒸発して脱水し、精製した4―Me―5メシラート中間体を得た(2.2g、62.7%):HPLC(方法A)91.6%(AUC)、tR=5.26分。
200mLの一口丸底フラスコに、4―Me―5メシラート中間体(2.2g、5.7mmol)およびジメチルホルムアミド(35mL)を満たした。反応混合物にα,α,α―トリフルオロ―p―クレゾール―(0.9g、5.7mmol)を、次いで炭酸セシウム(4.7g、14.3mmo)を加えた。混合物を予熱した油浴(75°C)で5時間撹拌し、その後加熱せずに周囲温度に冷却させながら16時間撹拌した。酢酸エチル(100mL)を加え、混合物を塩水(3×70mL)で洗浄した。無水硫酸マグネシウムで酢酸エチル層を脱水し、濾過した。濾過液を減圧下で蒸発させて脱水し、粗生成物(3.8g)を得た。粗生成物を、460:60:3のクロロホルム/酢酸エチル/2Mのアンモニアを含むメタノールを用いてシリカゲル(215g)を充填した直径40mmのフラッシュカラム上にロードした。460:60:3のクロロホルム/酢酸エチル/2Mのアンモニアを含むメタノールでカラムを溶出した。最も純粋の生成物を含んだフラクションを集め、溶媒を減圧下で蒸発して脱水し、精製した4―Me―6を得た(1.1g、43.1%):LC/MS(イオンスプレー)m/z452[C25H29ClF3NO+H]+;HPLC(方法A)93.8%(AUC)、tR=6.64分。1H NMRおよび13C NMRスペクトルは、予想される構造と一致した。
400mLのFisher―Porter反応器に、メタノール(300mL)、濃塩酸(13.0g)、10%のPd/C(4.0g)およびメチル―6―ニコチン酸メチル(20.0g、132mmol)を満たした。混合物を80°Cに加熱し、60psiの水素圧力下に置いた。その後混合物をこれらの条件下で21時間撹拌した。混合物を冷却して濾過した。濾過液を減圧下で蒸発させ、6―Me―2(定量的に27.0g)を得た。1H NMRスペクトルは、予想される構造と一致した。
アルゴン雰囲気下の機械的撹拌器を備えた2Lの三つ口丸底フラスコに、6―Me―2(14.0g、72.3mmol)および塩化メチレン(900mL)を満たした。周囲温度で撹拌しながら、トリエチルアミン(32.2g、318mmol)を加えた。次に、1―(4―クロロフェニル)―シクロブタンカルボン酸(24.5g、116.2mmol)を加え、さらにブロモトリス(ピロリジノ)ホスホニウムヘキサフルオロリン酸(PyBroP、55.5g、119.1mmol)を加えた。混合液を、アルゴン下で周囲温度で16時間撹拌した。10%の水酸化カリウム溶液(1.0L)を反応混合物に加えた。その後、酢酸エチル(500mL)を加え、混合液を5分間撹拌した。層を分離し、水層を酢酸エチル(500mL)で再抽出した。酢酸エチルの抽出物を集め、無水硫酸マグネシウムで脱水した。この混合物を濾過し、濾過液を減圧下で蒸発させて粗生成物(74.3g)を得た。粗生成物を二等分した。それぞれを、60:30:1のCHCl3/EtOAc/MeOHを用いてシリカゲル(800g)を充填した直径100mmのフラッシュカラム上にロードした。各カラムを、60:30:1のCHCl3/EtOAc/MeOHで溶出した。最も純粋の生成物を含んだフラクションを集め、溶媒を減圧下で蒸発して脱水した。純度の低いフラクションを集め、溶媒を減圧下で蒸発して第三の小さめのカラムの材料(8.0g)とした。カラムクロマトグラフィの後、精製した6―Me―4(17.8g)を、(7.5g、29.7%)、HPLC(方法A)82.0%(AUC)、tR=5.83分;(7.4g、29.3%)、HPLC(方法A)78.3%(AUC)、tR=5.83分;(2.9g、11.5%)、HPLC(方法A)80.0%(AUC)、tR=5.82分の三組に分離した。
アルゴン下に置かれた3Lの三つ口丸底フラスコに、テトラヒドロフラン(450mL)を満たし、0°Cに冷却した。水素化アルミニウムリチウム(60.6g)を0°Cでゆっくりと加えた。別のフラスコで、三組(7.5g、21.4mmol;7.4g、21.2mmol;2.9g、8.3mmol)の6―Me―4(17.8g)を、テトラヒドロフラン(400mL)中に溶解した。この6―Me―4の溶液を、0°CのLAHの冷たいスラリーに加えた。テトラヒドロフラン(50mL)をさらに加えて残渣をすすぎ込んだ。混合物をアルゴン下で16時間撹拌し、周囲温度に温めた。混合物を0°Cに冷やし、水(350mL)を慎重に加えた。次に、1Nの硫酸(350mL)を加え、その結果pHはpH7.7に下がった。ブフナー漏斗中の紙を通して、固形物を少しずつ(非常にゆっくりと)濾過した。攪拌を促進するために、水(800mL)および酢酸エチル(400mL)をさらに加えた。濾過ケークをそれぞれ、酢酸エチル(1×100mL)で洗浄した。これらの各洗浄を用いて水層を再抽出した。酢酸エチルの抽出物を集めて無水硫酸マグネシウムで脱水し、その後混合物を濾過した。濾過液を減圧下で蒸発させて粗生成物(13.7g)を得た。粗生成物を、60:30:1のCHCl3/EtOAc/MeOHを用いてシリカゲル(800g)を充填した直径100mmのフラッシュカラムにロードした。60:30:1のCHCl3/EtOAc/MeOHでカラムを溶出した。最も純粋の生成物を含んだフラクションを集め、溶媒を減圧下で蒸発して脱水し、三組の精製した6―Me―5(4.2g)を得た:(1.7g、10.7%)、HPLC(方法A)86.6%(AUC)、tR=4.88分;(1.9g、12.2%)、HPLC(方法A)85.4%(AUC)、tR=4.92分;および(0.6g、3.8%)、HPLC(方法A)81.3%(AUC)、tR=4.83分。
200mLの一口丸底フラスコに、三組(1.7g,5.5mmol);1.9g,6.2mmol;および0.6g,1.9mmol)の6―Me―5(4.2g)および塩化メチレン(70mL)を満たした。次に、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(4.4g、33.8mmol)を、次いで塩化メシル(1.7g、14.9mmol)をフラスコに加えた。反応混合物は温まり緩やかに還流した。混合物が周囲温度へと冷却する間、1時間撹拌した。反応混合物を減圧下で蒸発させて脱水し、粗生成物(8.5g)を得た。粗生成物を、230:30:2のクロロホルム/酢酸エチル/2Mのアンモニアを含むMeOHを用いてシリカゲル(230g)を充填した直径40mmのフラッシュカラム上にロードした。230:30:2のクロロホルム/酢酸エチル/2Mのアンモニアを含むMeOHでカラムを溶出した。最も純粋の生成物を含んだフラクションを集め、溶媒を減圧下で蒸発して脱水し、精製した6―Me―5メシラート中間体を得た(2.4g、45.2%):HPLC(方法A)87.2%(AUC)、tR=5.17分。
100mLの一口丸底フラスコに、6―Me―5メシラート中間体(2.4g、6.1mmol)およびジメチルホルムアミド(38mL)を満たした。反応混合物にα,α,α―トリフルオロ―p―クレゾール(1.0g、6.1mmol)を、次いで炭酸セシウム(5.0g、15.3mmol)を加えた。混合物を予熱した油浴(75°C)で4時間撹拌し、その後加熱せずに周囲温度へと冷ましながら16時間撹拌した。酢酸エチル(100mL)を加え、混合物を塩水(3×70mL)で洗浄した。無水硫酸マグネシウムで酢酸エチル液を脱水し、濾過した。濾過液を減圧下で蒸発させて脱水し、粗生成物(3.9g)を得た。粗生成物を、クロロホルム(割合460)、酢酸エチル(割合60)および2Mのアンモニアを含むメタノール(割合3)を用いたシリカゲル(230g)を充填した直径40mmのフラッシュカラム上にロードした。クロロホルム(割合460)、酢酸エチル(割合60)および2Mのアンモニアを含むメタノール(割合3)の溶剤混合物でカラムを溶出した。最も純粋の生成物を含んだフラクションを集め、溶媒を減圧下で蒸発して脱水し、精製した6―Me―6(2.1g、76.2%)を得た。LC/MS(イオンスプレー)m/z452[C25H29ClF3NO+H]+。HPLC(方法A)96.3%(AUC)、tR=6.41分。1H NMRおよび13C NMRスペクトルは、予想される構造と一致した。
400mLのFisher―Porter反応器を、メタノール(300mL)、濃塩酸(13.0g)、10%Pd/C(4.0g)およびメチル―6―ニコチン酸メチル(20.0g、132mmol)で満たした。混合液を80°Cに加熱し、60psiの水素圧力下に置いた。その後混合液をこれらの条件下で21時間撹拌した。混合液を冷まして濾過した。濾過液を減圧下で蒸発させ、6―Me―2(定量的に27.0g)を得た。1H NMRスペクトルは、予想される構造と一致した。
磁気撹拌器を備えた250mLの四つ口丸底フラスコに、6―Me―2(13.3g、68.4mmol)、テトラヒドロフラン(60mL)、水(60mL)および炭酸水素ナトリウム(14.4g、171mmol)を満たした。反応混合物を5°Cに冷やした。pHをpH8からpH9の間に保ちながら、ベンジルクロロホルメート(12.0g、70.4mmol)を90分間でゆっくりと加えた。混合物を周囲温度で1時間撹拌した。反応混合物を減圧下に置き、テトラヒドロフランの大部分を除去した。その後酢酸エチル(50mL)を加え、混合物を5分間撹拌した。層を分離し、有機層を水(20mL)で洗浄した。無水硫酸マグネシウムで酢酸エチル層を脱水した。この混合物を濾過し、濾過液を減圧下で蒸発させて粗生成物(16.5g)を得た。粗生成物を二等分した。一方の部分は、230:30:3のCHCl3/EtOAc/MeOHを用いてシリカゲル(225g)を充填した直径40mmのフラッシュカラム上にロードした。230:30:3のCHCl3/EtOAc/MeOHでカラムを溶出した。最も純粋の生成物を含むフラクションを集めて、溶媒を減圧下で蒸発して脱水した。他のフラクションを集め、副産物として溶媒を減圧下で蒸発して脱水した(ジアステレオマーが分離されているかもしれない)。カラムクロマトグラフィの後、二つの生成物が得られた:6―Me―3(主な生成物)、(3.4g、16.8%)、HPLC(方法A)94.0%(AUC)、tR=5.43分;および6―Me―3(副産物)、(0.4g、2.0%)、HPLC(方法A)98.1%(AUC)、tR=5.28分。
100mLの一口丸底フラスコに、テトラヒドロフラン(15mL)、水(30mL)、水酸化リチウム(0.35g、14.6mmol)および6―Me―3(3.25g、11.2mmol)を満たした。混合物を周囲温度で16時間撹拌した。混合物をHClで処理し、pHをpH2.7に調節した。溶液を酢酸エチル(2×50mL)で抽出した。酢酸エチルの抽出物を集め、無水硫酸マグネシウムで脱水し、混合物を濾過した。濾過液を減圧下で蒸発させ、6―Me―3酸(3.0g、95.5%)を得た:HPLC(方法A)90.7%(AUC),tR=4.78分。
アルゴン下の50mLの一口丸底フラスコに、6―Me―3酸(2.9g、10.5mmol)およびテトラヒドロフラン(15mL)を満たした。次に、5.0Mのボラン―硫化ジメチル(2.32mL、11.6mmol)を、最初は周囲温度で、45分間でゆっくりとフラスコに加えた。添加を進めながら混合物を加熱して緩やかに還流し、添加の残り時間の間これを維持した。添加の後、混合物を30分間還流した。その後混合物を周囲温度に冷ましながら、不活性雰囲気下で18時間撹拌した。反応混合物を、冷えた(5°C)メタノール(35mL)にゆっくりと加えた。気体発生が見られた。反応混合物を減圧下で蒸発させて脱水し、6―Me―4を得た(2.7g、97.6%):HPLC(方法A)89.9%(AUC)、tR=4.87分。
アルゴン下の200mLの一口丸底フラスコに、1―(4―クロロフェニル)―1―シクロブタンカルボニトリル(10.0g、52.2mmol)および乾燥トルエン(60mL)を満たした。反応混合物に、3.0Mのメチルマグネシウムブロミド(52.2mL、157mmol)を20分間でゆっくりと加えた。混合物を12時間95°Cに加熱した。6NのHCl(40mL)溶液を混合物に加えた(発熱の気体発生が見られた)。混合物を60分間加熱して還流し、その後周囲温度に冷却した。溶液を酢酸エチル(2×400mL)で抽出した。酢酸エチルの抽出物を集め、塩水(80mL)で洗浄した。酢酸エチル溶液を、無水硫酸マグネシウムで脱水した後濾過した。濾過液を減圧下で蒸発させて脱水し、SC―2を得た(定量的に11.1g):HPLC(方法A)97.3%(AUC)、tR=5.64分。
アルゴン下の100mLの一口丸底フラスコに、SC―2(11.0g、52.7mmol)および塩化メチレン(40mL)を満たした。混合物を20°Cに冷やし、その後液体臭素(8.4g、52.7mmol)を20分間でゆっくりと加えた。混合物を30分間周囲温度で撹拌し、その後氷水(55g)に注ぎ込んだ。溶液を分離し、水層を塩化メチレン(20mL)で再抽出した。塩化メチレン抽出物を集め、無水硫酸マグネシウムで脱水し、濾過した。濾過液を減圧下で蒸発させて脱水し、SC―3を得た(14.5g、95.3%):HPLC(方法A)71.2%(AUC)、tR=5.88分。
本方法には、一定の実施形態において、医薬製剤、一つ以上の理学療法、作業療法、または発語/言語療法と併用した投与が含まれる。
本発明は別の態様においては、本DAT阻害剤群を含む製剤を提供する。本方法で使用されるDAT阻害剤群は、水、緩衝食塩水、ポリオール(例えばグリセロール、プロピレングリコール、液体ポリエチレングリコールなど)、またはそれらの適切な混合物等の、生物学上許容できる非発熱性および/または滅菌の媒体で投与するように都合よく調製できる。選択された媒体中の活性成分(類)の最適濃度は、行動科学研究者に周知の方法に従って経験的に決定できる。本明細書で使用されるところの「生物学上許容できる媒体」には、医薬製剤の望ましい投与経路に適切な任意の全ての溶媒、分散媒等が含まれる。薬剤的に活性の物質のためのかかる媒体の使用は周知である。DAT阻害剤群の活性と適合しない場合を除き、従来の任意の媒体または薬剤を本発明の製剤において使用することが予定される。他のタンパク質を含む適切な溶媒およびその製剤は、Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences(Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences.Mack Publishing Company,Easton,Pa.,USA 1985)という本などに記載されている。これらの溶媒には、注射可能な「蓄積製剤」が含まれる。
効果=f(t,C)。
効果(t)=効果(ini)−k効果*t。
A(t)=A(ini)+k効果*t。
効果(t)=効果(ini)*exp(−k効果*t)。
A(t)=A(ini)*exp(k効果*t)。
試薬を試料に加え、試料および試薬を測定して試薬により活性化される試料属性を特定するアッセイのプロセスは公知の技術である。例えばそのようなアッセイプロセスのひとつは、発色アッセイにおいて生体試料または溶液中に存在する酵素の量を測定することに関する。かかるアッセイは、反応溶液中の発色生成物の発現に基づく。この反応は、無色の色原体基質から発色生成物への転換を酵素により触媒することで発色する。
様々な実施形態において本発明は、本DAT阻害剤群を一つ以上用いた治療および予防法を検討する。これらの薬剤は、動物の運動障害の原因となる欠陥の作用を減少または抑制するために有用でありうる。
組換えヒト細胞株を使用した細胞アッセイで、化合物の機能的活性をin vivo測定した。Guらの方法(J.Biol.Chem.269:27124,1994)に従い、フルオキセチン(EC50=57nM)を比較化合物として使用して、ヒトHEK―293細胞株でセロトニン取り込みを阻害する機能的活性の測定を行った。ノルエピネフリン取り込みを阻害する機能的活性の測定は、Galliらの方法(J.Exp.Biol.198:2197,1995)に従って、デシプラミン(EC50=7nM)を比較化合物として、MDCK細胞株を使用して行った。ドーパミンの機能的活性の測定には、Giros等(Mol.Pharmacol.42:383,1992)に記載されているように、ノミフェンシン(EC50=11nM)を比較化合物として、hDAT細胞株を用いた。
表III. 他の受容体のIn Vitro選択性プロフィール
例示的な本発明のDAT阻害剤であるCNS―27,100、CNS―28,100およびCNS―28,200のin vivo有効性を、ラットを使用した標準強制水泳テストモデルを用いて測定した。この研究は、Porsolt R.D.らによりBehavioural despair in rats:a new model sensitive to antidepressant treatment,Eur.J.Pharmacol.,47:379―391,1978;Porsoltら、Nature 266:730―732(1977);およびPorsoltら、in Psychopharmacology,Olivier,Mos,and Slangen(eds)Birkhauser Verlag,Basel,pp.137―159,1991に記載された方法を修正したものを用いて、ラットにおける行動的絶望アッセイでテスト化合物の抗うつ効果を評価することを目的とした。簡単に説明すると、マウス(またはラット)は、脱出不可能なシリンダ内で水泳を強制されるとすぐに特徴的な無動の姿勢をとり、浮き続けるために必要な小さな動作を除いてはそれ以上脱出を試みようとしなくなる。この無動は、動物が有害な状況から脱出しようとするのをやめる「憂鬱気分」を表すと考える者がある(Porsoltら、Nature 266:730―732,1977)。この方法により誘発される無動は様々な抗鬱薬の影響を受け(Porsoltら、in Psychopharmacology,Olivier,Mos, and Slangen(eds)Birkhauser Verlag,Basel,pp.137―159,1991)、異なる活性機序を有する抗鬱薬(TCA、SSRI、MAOI、およびその他の典型的でないもの)の検出において十分な予測的妥当性を有する。試験は筋弛緩剤(ベンゾダイアゼピン)および鎮静剤(神経弛緩薬)効果に敏感であり、無動状態が増強される(Porsoltら、上記)。
in vivo評価を行って、ラットにおける多数のテスト化合物の最大耐量を測定した。化合物を静脈内投与し、その後72時間動物を観察した。
当業者は、本明細書に記載された本発明の具体的実施形態の多くの均等物を認識し、またはルーチン試験だけを使用してこれを確認することが可能である。かかる均等物は、以下の請求項に含まれるものとする。
Claims (49)
- 化学式Iにより表される化合物、あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物であって、
Arはそれぞれ独立して、置換または非置換のアリールまたはヘテロアリール環を表し;
Xは、―H、または―ORを表し;
Yは、―O―、―S―、―C(R)2―、または―N(R)―を表し;
Rはそれぞれ独立して、―Hまたは低級アルキルを表し;
R1は該ピペリジン環の4位および/または6位に位置した一つ以上の低級アルキル基を表し;
nは、0から2の整数であり;
pは、0または1であり;
qは、1である、
化合物。 - Arが、ハロゲン、シアノ、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アリール、ヒドロキシル、アルコキシ、シリルオキシ、アミノ、ニトロ、チオール、イミノ、アミド、ホスホリル、ホスホナート、カルボキシル、カルボキサミド、シリル、チオエーテル、アルキルスルホニル、アリールスルホニル、スルホキシド、セレノエーテル、ケトン、アルデヒド、エステル、またはmが0から4の整数である−(CH2)mR2からなる群より選択される一以上の基で置換され、そして、R 2 は、それぞれ独立して、H、あるいは、置換もしくは非置換の低級アルキル、シクロアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、アラルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、アリールまたはヘテロアリールを表す、請求項1に記載の化合物、あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物。
- Arが、ハロゲン、シアノ、アルキル、ヒドロキシル、アルコキシ、アルケニル、アルキニル、アリール、ニトロ、チオール、イミノ、アミド、カルボキシル、チオエーテル、アルキルスルホニル、アリールスルホニル、ケトン、アルデヒド、またはエステル基の少なくとも一つにより置換される、請求項2に記載の化合物、あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物。
- Arが、ハロゲン、シアノ、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、ニトロ、アミド、カルボキシル、アルキルスルホニル、ケトン、アルデヒド、またはエステル基の少なくとも一つにより置換される、請求項2に記載の化合物、あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物。
- Arがパラ位で置換される、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の化合物、あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物。
- Arがそれぞれフェニルである、請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の化合物、あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物。
- Arがそれぞれ、一つ以上の電子吸引性置換基により置換されたフェニルである、請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の化合物、あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物。
- 前記電子吸引性置換基が、ハロゲン、シアノ、ニトロ、ペルフルオロアルキルまたはアシル基より選択される、請求項7に記載の化合物、あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物。
- 以下:
- 以下:
- 薬理学上許容可能な担体中に調製された、運動障害の治療または抑制に十分な量の請求項1から10のいずれかに記載の化合物、あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物;および、
患者の治療に製剤を用いる方法を記載した(文章および/または図による)説明書
を含む、パッケージ化された医薬品。 - 前記運動障害が、運動失調、大脳皮質基底核神経節変性症(CBGD)、ジスキネジア、ジストニア、振戦、遺伝性痙性対麻痺、ハンチントン病、多系統萎縮症、ミオクローヌス、パーキンソン病、進行性核上性麻痺、不穏下肢症候群、Rett症候群、痙性、シドナム舞踏病、他の舞踏病、アテトーシス、バリスムス、常同症、遅発性ジスキネジア/ジストニア、チック、トゥーレット症候群、オリーブ橋小脳萎縮症(OPCA)、びまん性レビー小体病、ヘミバリスムス、片側顔面痙攣、不穏下肢症候群、ウィルソン氏病、スティフマン症候群、無動無言症、精神運動制止、痛む脚と動く足趾症候群、歩行障害、薬剤誘発性運動障害、または他の運動障害より選択される、請求項11に記載のパッケージ化された医薬品。
- 前記運動障害がパーキンソン病である、請求項11に記載のパッケージ化された医薬品。
- 前記化合物あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物が、HoehnとYahrのパーキンソン病重症度分類、パーキンソン病統一スケール(UPDRS)、およびSchwabとEnglandの日常生活活動スケールの一つ以上で評価して統計学的に有意な量だけの運動障害の治療または抑制に十分な量として患者に提供される、請求項11に記載のパッケージ化された医薬品。
- 前記化合物あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物が、コンピュータ断層撮影(CT)、磁気共鳴映像法(MRI)、およびポジトロンエミッショントモグラフィ(PET)から選択される経験的テストと組み合わせた標準化テストで評価して統計学的に有意な量だけの運動障害の治療または抑制に十分な量として患者に提供される、請求項11に記載のパッケージ化された医薬品。
- ドーパミン前駆体、ドーパミン作動薬;ドーパミン作動性および抗コリン作動性の薬剤、抗コリン作動薬、ドーパミンアゴニスト、MAO―B(モノアミン酸化酵素B)阻害剤、COMT(カテコールO―メチル基転移酵素)阻害剤、筋弛緩剤、鎮静剤、抗痙攣剤、ドーパミン再摂取阻害剤、ドーパミン遮断薬、β―遮断薬、炭酸脱水酵素阻害剤、麻薬性薬剤、GABA作用性薬剤、またはαアンタゴニストより選択される別の薬物をさらに含む、請求項11に記載のパッケージ化された医薬品。
- ドーパミン前駆体のL―ドーパ;ドーパミン作動薬のレボドーパ―カルビドーパ(Sinemet(登録商標)、Sinemet CR(登録商標))またはレボドーパ―ベンゼラジド(Prolopa(登録商標)、Madopar(登録商標)、Madopar
HBS(登録商標));ドーパミン作動性および抗コリン作動性の薬剤のアマンタジン(Symmetryl(登録商標)、Symadine(登録商標));抗コリン作動薬のトリヘキシフェニジル(Artane(登録商標))、ベンズトロピン(Cogentin(登録商標))、エトプロプラジン(ethoproprazine)(Parsitan(登録商標))、またはプロシクリジン(Kemadrin(登録商標));ドーパミンアゴニストのアポモルフィン、ブロモクリプチン(Parlodel(登録商標))、カベルゴリン(Dostinex(登録商標))、リスリド(Dopergine(登録商標))、ペルゴリド(Permax(登録商標))、プラミペキソール(Mirapex(登録商標))、またはロピニロール(Requip(登録商標));MAO―B(モノアミン酸化酵素B)阻害剤のセレジリンまたはデプレニル(Atapryl(登録商標)、Carbex(登録商標)、Eldepryl(登録商標));COMT(カテコールO―メチル基転移酵素)阻害剤のトルカポン(Tasmar(登録商標))またはエンタカポン(Comtan(登録商標));または他の治療薬であるバクロフェン(Lioresal(登録商標))、ドンペリドン(Motilium(登録商標))、フルドロコルチゾン(Florinef(登録商標))、ミドドリン(Amatine(登録商標))、オキシブチニン(Ditropan(登録商標))、プロプラノロール(Inderal(登録商標)、Inderal―LA(登録商標))、クロナゼパム(Rivotril(登録商標))、またはヨヒンビンから選択される、パーキンソン病治療のための一つ以上の治療薬をさらに含む、請求項11に記載のパッケージ化された医薬品。 - 抗コリン作動薬のトリヘキシフェニジル(Artane(登録商標))、ベンズトロピン(Cogentin(登録商標))、エトプロプラジン(ethoproprazine)(Parsitan(登録商標))、またはプロシクリジン(Kemadrin(登録商標));ドーパミン作動薬のレボドーパ―カルビドーパ(Sinemet(登録商標)、Sinemet CR(登録商標))またはレボドーパ―ベンゼラジド(Prolopa(登録商標)、Madopar(登録商標)、Madopar HBS(登録商標));筋弛緩剤のバクロフェン(Lioresal(登録商標));鎮静剤のクロナゼパム(Rivotril(登録商標));抗痙攣剤のカルバマゼピン(Tegretol(登録商標));ドーパミン再摂取阻害剤のテトラベナジン(Nitoman(登録商標));またはドーパミン遮断薬のハロペリドール(Haldol(登録商標))から選択されるジストニア治療のための一つ以上の治療薬をさらに含む、請求項11に記載のパッケージ化された医薬品。
- β―遮断薬のプロプラノロール(Inderal(登録商標)、Inderal―LA(登録商標));抗痙攣剤のプリミドン(Mysoline(登録商標));あるいは、炭酸脱水酵素阻害剤のアセタルゾラミド(acetalzolamide)(Diamox(登録商標))またはメタゾルアミド(Neptazane(登録商標))から選択される振戦治療のための一つ以上の治療薬をさらに含む、請求項11に記載のパッケージ化された医薬品。
- 鎮静剤のクロナゼパム(Rivotril(登録商標));または抗痙攣剤のバルプロ酸(Epival(登録商標))から選択されるミオクローヌス治療のための一つ以上の治療薬をさらに含む、請求項11に記載のパッケージ化された医薬品。
- ドーパミン遮断薬のハロペリドール(Haldol(登録商標));またはドーパミン再摂取阻害剤のテトラベナジン(Nitoman(登録商標))から選択される舞踏病治療のための一つ以上の治療薬をさらに含む、請求項11に記載のパッケージ化された医薬品。
- ドーパミン作動薬のレボドーパ―カルビドーパ(Sinemet(登録商標)、Sinemet CR(登録商標))またはレボドーパ―ベンゼラジド(Prolopa(登録商標)、Madopar(登録商標)、Madopar HBS(登録商標));鎮静剤のクロナゼパム(Rivotril(登録商標));ドーパミンアゴニストのブロモクリプチン(Parlodel(登録商標))、ペルゴリド(Permax(登録商標))、プラミペキソール(Mirapex(登録商標))、またはロピニロール(Requip(登録商標));麻薬性薬剤のコデイン(タイレノール#3(登録商標));またはGABA作用性薬剤のガバペンチン(Neurontin(登録商標))から選択される不穏下肢症候群の治療のための一つ以上の治療薬をさらに含む、請求項11に記載のパッケージ化された医薬品。
- 鎮静剤のクロナゼパム(Rivotril(登録商標));αアンタゴニストのクロニジン(Catapress(登録商標));ドーパミン再摂取阻害剤のテトラベナジン(Nitoman(登録商標));ドーパミン遮断薬のハロペリドール(Haldol(登録商標))またはペルフェナジンから選択されるチック治療のための一つ以上の治療薬をさらに含む、請求項11に記載のパッケージ化された医薬品。
- 前記化合物あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物が、該化合物あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物の血清濃度が少なくとも4時間にわたり漸増する漸増用量で提供される、請求項11に記載のパッケージ化された医薬品。
- 運動障害を発症しやすいかまたは運動障害を患う患者の予防または治療のための医薬組成物の製造における、請求項1から10のいずれかに記載の化合物あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物の使用。
- 前記運動障害が運動失調、大脳皮質基底核神経節変性症(CBGD)、ジスキネジア、ジストニア、振戦、遺伝性痙性対麻痺、ハンチントン病、多系統萎縮症、ミオクローヌス、パーキンソン病、進行性核上性麻痺、不穏下肢症候群、Rett症候群、痙性、シドナム舞踏病、他の舞踏病、アテトーシス、バリスムス、常同症、遅発性ジスキネジア/ジストニア、チック、トゥーレット症候群、オリーブ橋小脳萎縮症(OPCA)、びまん性レビー小体病、ヘミバリスムス、片側顔面痙攣、不穏下肢症候群、ウィルソン氏病、スティフマン症候群、無動無言症、精神運動制止、痛む脚と動く足趾症候群、歩行障害、薬剤誘発性運動障害、または他の運動障害から選択される、請求項25に記載の使用。
- ヒト患者の治療のための、請求項25または26に記載の使用。
- 経口投与用の、請求項11に記載のパッケージ化された医薬品。
- 前記化合物あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物が、経皮貼付剤として調製される、請求項11に記載のパッケージ化された医薬品。
- 標準化テストによって評価される、動物の運動障害の治療に十分な量の請求項1から10のいずれかに記載の化合物あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物を含む、運動障害を治療するための組成物。
- 前記運動障害が、運動失調、大脳皮質基底核神経節変性症(CBGD)、ジスキネジア、ジストニア、振戦、遺伝性痙性対麻痺、ハンチントン病、多系統萎縮症、ミオクローヌス、パーキンソン病、進行性核上性麻痺、不穏下肢症候群、Rett症候群、痙性、シドナム舞踏病、他の舞踏病、アテトーシス、バリスムス、常同症、遅発性ジスキネジア/ジストニア、チック、トゥーレット症候群、オリーブ橋小脳萎縮症(OPCA)、びまん性レビー小体病、ヘミバリスムス、片側顔面痙攣、不穏下肢症候群、ウィルソン氏病、スティフマン症候群、無動無言症、精神運動制止、痛む脚と動く足趾症候群、歩行障害、薬剤誘発性運動障害、または他の運動障害から選択される、請求項30に記載の組成物。
- 前記運動障害がパーキンソン病である、請求項30に記載の組成物。
- 前記化合物あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物が、HoehnとYahrのパーキンソン病重症度分類、パーキンソン病統一スケール(UPDRS)、およびSchwabとEnglandの日常生活活動スケールの一つ以上で評価して統計学的に有意な量だけの運動障害の治療に十分な量として患者に提供される、請求項30に記載の組成物。
- 前記化合物あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物が、コンピュータ断層撮影(CT)、磁気共鳴映像法(MRI)、およびポジトロンエミッショントモグラフィ(PET)から選択される経験的テストと組み合わせた標準化テストで評価して統計学的に有意な量だけの運動障害の治療または抑制に十分な量として患者に提供される、請求項30に記載の組成物。
- 前記化合物あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物が、ドーパミン前駆体、ドーパミン作動薬;ドーパミン作動性および抗コリン作動性の薬剤、抗コリン作動薬、ドーパミンアゴニスト、MAO―B(モノアミン酸化酵素B)阻害剤、COMT(カテコールO―メチル基転移酵素)阻害剤、筋弛緩剤、鎮静剤、抗痙攣剤、ドーパミン再摂取阻害剤、ドーパミン遮断薬、β―遮断薬、炭酸脱水酵素阻害剤、麻薬性薬剤、GABA作用性薬剤、またはαアンタゴニストの一つ以上との同時投与に適する、請求項30から34のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記化合物あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物が、ドーパミン前駆体のL―ドーパ;ドーパミン作動薬のレボドーパ―カルビドーパ(Sinemet(登録商標)、Sinemet CR(登録商標))またはレボドーパ―ベンゼラジド(Prolopa(登録商標)、Madopar(登録商標)、Madopar HBS(登録商標));ドーパミン作動性および抗コリン作動性の薬剤のアマンタジン(Symmetryl(登録商標)、Symadine(登録商標));抗コリン作動薬のトリヘキシフェニジル(Artane(登録商標))、ベンズトロピン(Cogentin(登録商標))、エトプロプラジン(ethoproprazine)(Parsitan(登録商標))、またはプロシクリジン(Kemadrin(登録商標));ドーパミンアゴニストのアポモルフィン、ブロモクリプチン(Parlodel(登録商標))、カベルゴリン(Dostinex(登録商標))、リスリド(Dopergine(登録商標))、ペルゴリド(Permax(登録商標))、プラミペキソール(Mirapex(登録商標))、またはロピニロール(Requip(登録商標));MAO―B(モノアミン酸化酵素B)阻害剤のセレジリンまたはデプレニル(Atapryl(登録商標)、Carbex(登録商標)、Eldepryl(登録商標));COMT(カテコールO―メチル基転移酵素)阻害剤のトルカポン(Tasmar(登録商標))またはエンタカポン(Comtan(登録商標));または他の治療薬であるバクロフェン(Lioresal(登録商標))、ドンペリドン(Motilium(登録商標))、フルドロコルチゾン(Florinef(登録商標))、ミドドリン(Amatine(登録商標))、オキシブチニン(Ditropan(登録商標))、プロプラノロール(Inderal(登録商標)、Inderal―LA(登録商標))、クロナゼパム(Rivotril(登録商標))、またはヨヒンビンから選択される、パーキンソン病治療のための一つ以上の治療薬との同時投与に適する、請求項30から34のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記化合物あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物が、抗コリン作動薬のトリヘキシフェニジル(Artane(登録商標))、ベンズトロピン(Cogentin(登録商標))、エトプロプラジン(ethoproprazine)(Parsitan(登録商標))、またはプロシクリジン(Kemadrin(登録商標));ドーパミン作動薬のレボドーパ―カルビドーパ(Sinemet(登録商標)、Sinemet
CR(登録商標))またはレボドーパ―ベンゼラジド(Prolopa(登録商標)、Madopar(登録商標)、Madopar HBS(登録商標));筋弛緩剤のバクロフェン(Lioresal(登録商標));鎮静剤のクロナゼパム(Rivotril(登録商標));抗痙攣剤のカルバマゼピン(Tegretol(登録商標));ドーパミン再摂取阻害剤のテトラベナジン(Nitoman(登録商標));またはドーパミン遮断薬のハロペリドール(Haldol(登録商標))から選択されるジストニア治療のための一つ以上の治療薬との同時投与に適する、請求項30から34のいずれかに記載の組成物。 - 前記化合物あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物が、β―遮断薬のプロプラノロール(Inderal(登録商標)、Inderal―LA(登録商標));抗痙攣剤のプリミドン(Mysoline(登録商標));炭酸脱水酵素阻害剤のアセタルゾラミド(acetalzolamide)(Diamox(登録商標))またはメタゾルアミド(Neptazane(登録商標))から選択される振戦治療のための一つ以上の治療薬との同時投与に適する、請求項30から34のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記化合物あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物が、鎮静剤のクロナゼパム(Rivotril(登録商標));または抗痙攣剤のバルプロ酸(Epival(登録商標))から選択されるミオクローヌス治療のための一つ以上の治療薬との同時投与に適する、請求項30から34のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記化合物あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物が、ドーパミン遮断薬のハロペリドール(Haldol(登録商標));またはドーパミン再摂取阻害剤のテトラベナジン(Nitoman(登録商標))から選択される舞踏病治療のための一つ以上の治療薬との同時投与に適する、請求項30から34のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記化合物あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物が、ドーパミン作動薬のレボドーパ―カルビドーパ(Sinemet(登録商標)、Sinemet CR(登録商標))またはレボドーパ―ベンゼラジド(Prolopa(登録商標)、Madopar(登録商標)、Madopar HBS(登録商標));鎮静剤のクロナゼパム(Rivotril(登録商標));ドーパミンアゴニストのブロモクリプチン(Parlodel(登録商標))、ペルゴリド(Permax(登録商標))、プラミペキソール(Mirapex(登録商標))、またはロピニロール(Requip(登録商標));麻薬性薬剤のコデイン(タイレノール#3(登録商標));またはGABA作用性薬剤のガバペンチン(Neurontin(登録商標))から選択される不穏下肢症候群治療のための一つ以上の治療薬との同時投与に適する、請求項30から34のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記化合物あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物が、鎮静剤のクロナゼパム(Rivotril(登録商標));αアンタゴニストのクロニジン(Catapress(登録商標));ドーパミン再摂取阻害剤のテトラベナジン(Nitoman(登録商標));ドーパミン遮断薬のハロペリドール(Haldol(登録商標))またはペルフェナジンから選択されるチック治療のための一つ以上の治療薬との同時投与に適する、請求項30から34のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 標準化テストにより評価される、動物の障害の治療に十分な量の請求項1から10のいずれかに記載の化合物あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物を含む、うつ、睡眠障害、肥満、注意欠陥障害(ADD)、注意欠陥過活動性障害(ADHD)、性的機能不全、または物質濫用を治療するための組成物。
- 経口投与用の、請求項25に記載の使用。
- 前記化合物あるいはその薬理学上許容可能な塩または溶媒化合物が、経皮貼付剤として調製される、請求項25に記載の使用。
- 前記運動障害が、パーキンソン病、不穏下肢症候群、または遅発性ジスキネジア/ジストニアである、請求項25に記載の使用。
- 前記運動障害が、不穏下肢症候群、または遅発性ジスキネジア/ジストニアである、請求項30に記載の組成物。
- 前記請求項1〜10に記載の化合物またはその薬学的に受容可能な塩もしくは溶媒和物は、第二治療剤、理学療法、作業療法、または発語/言語療法と併用して投与されることを特徴とする、請求項30に記載の組成物。
- 前記請求項1〜10に記載の化合物またはその薬学的に受容可能な塩もしくは溶媒和物は、第二治療剤、理学療法、作業療法、または発語/言語療法と併用して投与されることを特徴とする、請求項43に記載の組成物。
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PCT/US2006/006338 WO2006091697A1 (en) | 2005-02-23 | 2006-02-21 | Dopamine transporter inhibitors for use in treatment of movement disorders and other cns indications |
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CA (1) | CA2609440A1 (ja) |
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US9012471B2 (en) | 2008-04-11 | 2015-04-21 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Glucose metabolism modulating compounds |
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US20160221948A1 (en) | 2013-09-12 | 2016-08-04 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Nitrogen-containing saturated heterocyclic compound |
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EA201791977A1 (ru) | 2015-03-06 | 2018-01-31 | Оспекс Фармасьютикалз, Инк. | Способы лечения патологических непроизвольных движений |
CA2982118A1 (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2016-10-13 | Ultragenyx Pharmaceutical Inc. | Compositions and methods for treatment of movement disorders |
CA2991529C (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2021-01-05 | Gilrose Pharmaceuticals, Llc | Pre-frontal cortex processing disorder, gait and limb impairment treatment |
TWI834637B (zh) | 2018-03-01 | 2024-03-11 | 日商武田藥品工業有限公司 | 六氫吡啶基-3-(芳氧基)丙醯胺及丙酸酯 |
CN115317507A (zh) * | 2022-09-19 | 2022-11-11 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | 低分子量褐藻多糖硫酸酯在制备抗多动症药物中的应用 |
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- 2006-02-21 KR KR1020077021627A patent/KR101233030B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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KR101233030B1 (ko) | 2013-02-13 |
AU2006216646A1 (en) | 2006-08-31 |
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CA2609440A1 (en) | 2006-08-31 |
IL185383A0 (en) | 2008-01-06 |
US20100217727A1 (en) | 2010-08-26 |
AU2006216646B2 (en) | 2012-05-31 |
CN101163676A (zh) | 2008-04-16 |
US8258305B2 (en) | 2012-09-04 |
EP2338881A1 (en) | 2011-06-29 |
KR20080012830A (ko) | 2008-02-12 |
IL185383A (en) | 2012-07-31 |
US20120329829A1 (en) | 2012-12-27 |
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