JP5193791B2 - Air conditioner - Google Patents

Air conditioner Download PDF

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JP5193791B2
JP5193791B2 JP2008260222A JP2008260222A JP5193791B2 JP 5193791 B2 JP5193791 B2 JP 5193791B2 JP 2008260222 A JP2008260222 A JP 2008260222A JP 2008260222 A JP2008260222 A JP 2008260222A JP 5193791 B2 JP5193791 B2 JP 5193791B2
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current
stepping motor
amount
motor
automatic cleaning
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JP2010091160A (en
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貴郎 上田
浩之 橋本
英樹 寺内
智史 遠藤
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Hitachi Appliances Inc
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Hitachi Appliances Inc
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Priority to JP2008260222A priority Critical patent/JP5193791B2/en
Priority to KR1020090072194A priority patent/KR101137647B1/en
Priority to CN200910167064XA priority patent/CN101713571B/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
    • F24F1/0071—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units with means for purifying supplied air
    • F24F1/0073—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units with means for purifying supplied air characterised by the mounting or arrangement of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F24F11/39—Monitoring filter performance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
    • F24F11/52—Indication arrangements, e.g. displays
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/88—Electrical aspects, e.g. circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2221/00—Details or features not otherwise provided for
    • F24F2221/22—Cleaning ducts or apparatus

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Control Of Stepping Motors (AREA)
  • Air Filters, Heat-Exchange Apparatuses, And Housings Of Air-Conditioning Units (AREA)

Description

本発明はフィルター自動清掃機構を搭載した空気調和機にかかり、特に、モータに流れるわずかな電流の変化を監視し、モータの駆動トルクと回転数を制御することで、安全性と音の低減を可能とする制御方式に関する。   The present invention is applied to an air conditioner equipped with an automatic filter cleaning mechanism, and in particular, monitoring a slight change in current flowing in a motor, and controlling the motor driving torque and the number of revolutions, thereby reducing safety and sound. The present invention relates to a control method that can be realized.

空気調和機は室内空気を熱交換器に循環させて、加熱，冷却，除湿機能などにより調整し、これを室内に吹出すことにより室内を空気調和する。このとき、空気調和機における空気清浄用フィルターが汚れていると、循環効率が落ち、加熱，冷却，除湿機能などの性能の低下だけではなく、消費電力の増加につながる。また、自動で清掃機構が動作するため、安全性と低音化が必要であると考える。   An air conditioner circulates indoor air through a heat exchanger, adjusts it by heating, cooling, dehumidifying functions, and the like, and blows the air into the room to air condition the room. At this time, if the air purifying filter in the air conditioner is dirty, the circulation efficiency is lowered, leading to not only a decrease in performance such as heating, cooling and dehumidifying functions but also an increase in power consumption. In addition, since the cleaning mechanism operates automatically, we believe that safety and sound reduction are necessary.

特開２００８−０５７８６４号公報JP 2008-057864 A

従来の自動清掃機能においては、負荷による電流変動がない、ユニポーラ型のステッピングモータによって駆動していたため、負荷によってモータトルクを変動させることはできなかった。   Since the conventional automatic cleaning function is driven by a unipolar stepping motor that does not fluctuate current due to the load, the motor torque cannot be varied by the load.

そのため、あらゆる状況下で動作することを想定して、充分な余裕度をもったモータトルクでモータを駆動していた。そのため、通常の環境化では、必要なモータトルク以上のトルクでモータが駆動しているため、駆動音が大きかった。また、機構部に物を挟み込んだ場合などに、停止させることができなく、物が壊れるなどの安全性に欠けていた。   For this reason, the motor is driven with a motor torque having a sufficient margin, assuming that the motor operates under all circumstances. Therefore, in a normal environment, since the motor is driven with a torque higher than the necessary motor torque, the driving sound is loud. In addition, when an object is sandwiched in the mechanism portion, it cannot be stopped and lacks safety such as breakage of the object.

そこで、本発明では、バイポーラ型のステッピングモータを使用することで、電流検出を可能とモータの回転数とモータトルクを可変や停止することにより、低音化と安全性を確保する。   Therefore, in the present invention, by using a bipolar stepping motor, it is possible to detect current, and by varying or stopping the motor rotation speed and motor torque, low sound and safety are ensured.

本発明が解決しようとする課題は、モータ駆動時の騒音と機械的ロック時に停止させることができない制御である。   The problems to be solved by the present invention are noise during motor driving and control that cannot be stopped during mechanical locking.

そこで、本発明の空気調和機は、ステッピングモータとして負荷の増減により電流の変化を大きくすることが可能なバイポーラ型モータを用いてフィルターの清掃を行う機構を動作させる自動清掃機構と、ステッピングモータに流れる電流を検出する電流検出回路と、を有し、ステッピングモータを駆動させ、電流検出回路によりステッピングモータに流れる電流を検出し、ステッピングモータに流れる電流と通常動作時の電流量とを比較し、通常動作時の電流量より負荷が重いときの電流量であると判断した場合、ステッピングモータを停止させることなく、ステッピングモータに流れる電流量を増加させ、その後、ステッピングモータに流れる電流と機構的ロック時に発生する電流量とを比較し、機構的ロック時の電流量より大きい電流量であると判断した場合、ステッピングモータを停止させる。 Therefore, the air conditioner of the present invention includes an automatic cleaning mechanism that operates a mechanism for cleaning a filter using a bipolar motor capable of increasing a change in current by increasing or decreasing a load as a stepping motor, and a stepping motor. A current detection circuit that detects the flowing current, drives the stepping motor, detects the current flowing through the stepping motor by the current detection circuit, compares the current flowing through the stepping motor with the amount of current during normal operation, If it is determined that the amount of current is greater than the amount of current during normal operation, the amount of current that flows to the stepping motor is increased without stopping the stepping motor, and then the current that flows to the stepping motor and the mechanical lock Compared to the amount of current generated at times, the current is larger than the amount of current during mechanical locking If it is determined that it is to stop the stepping motor.

請求項１に記載の発明によれば、安価で寿命が長いが、電流検出が困難なステッピングモータにて電流検出制御を行うことで、コストの低減と寿命の増加を募ることができることと、フィルターの汚れ具合や機械的なロックによって、制御を変化させることを可能とすることで、安全性の向上をはかることができる。また、安価なステッピングモータの中でも負荷により電流の変化が多きバイポーラ型のモータを仕様することにより、制御の安定性を向上することができる。 According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to seek a reduction in cost and an increase in life by performing current detection control with a stepping motor which is inexpensive and has a long life but is difficult to detect current, and a filter. Safety can be improved by making it possible to change the control depending on the degree of dirt or mechanical locking. In addition, among the inexpensive stepping motors, the stability of the control can be improved by specifying a bipolar type motor having a large current change depending on the load.

請求項２に記載の発明によれば、擬似的正弦波駆動を行うことで、転流のタイミングで発生する電磁音を低減することができるため、駆動時の騒音を低減することができる。 According to the second aspect of the invention, by performing pseudo sine wave driving, electromagnetic noise generated at the commutation timing can be reduced, so that noise during driving can be reduced.

図１に示す空気調和機１は、室内機２と室外機３とで構成されている。室内機２と室外機３とは、電源及び通信用のケーブルと冷媒を送る配管５により繋がっている。室内機２は、筐体２５により其の外観が構成され、筐体２５には空気吸込み口３０と空気吐き出し口２９が構成されている。また、筐体２５内には、熱交換器１６と、金属でスパッタリングされたフィルター６と、空気を空気吹出し口２９より吹出す貫流ファン１４と、室内と室外の空気を換気する換気ファンが配設されている。なお、フィルター６は空気吸込み口３０と熱交換器１６との間に配設され、自動清掃用ブラシ１５はフィルター６の表面をなぞるように設されている、そのおおよその位置のみが図１に示されている。   An air conditioner 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes an indoor unit 2 and an outdoor unit 3. The indoor unit 2 and the outdoor unit 3 are connected by a power supply / communication cable and a pipe 5 for sending a refrigerant. The exterior of the indoor unit 2 is configured by a housing 25, and an air suction port 30 and an air discharge port 29 are configured in the housing 25. In addition, a heat exchanger 16, a metal-sputtered filter 6, a cross-flow fan 14 that blows out air from an air outlet 29, and a ventilation fan that ventilates indoor and outdoor air are arranged in the housing 25. It is installed. The filter 6 is disposed between the air inlet 30 and the heat exchanger 16, and the automatic cleaning brush 15 is provided so as to trace the surface of the filter 6. Only the approximate position is shown in FIG. It is shown.

次に、本発明における構成として、図２にて自動清掃機能の構成図，図３にてモータ電流検知回路の構成図を示す。   Next, as a configuration in the present invention, FIG. 2 shows a configuration diagram of an automatic cleaning function, and FIG. 3 shows a configuration diagram of a motor current detection circuit.

室内機２内には、図２に示す自動清掃機能２１を設けている。自動清掃機能２１は、フィルター６と自動清掃機能用バイポーラ型ステッピングモータ４と自動清掃機能ブラシ１５等で構成されている。自動清掃機能用バイポーラ型ステッピングモータ４と可動軸２２でつながった自動清掃機能ブラシ９が、自動清掃機能用モータ８が回転することによって、ウォームギアが回転し、自動清掃機能ブラシ１５が移動する構成となっている。   In the indoor unit 2, an automatic cleaning function 21 shown in FIG. The automatic cleaning function 21 includes a filter 6, an automatic cleaning function bipolar stepping motor 4, an automatic cleaning function brush 15, and the like. The automatic cleaning function brush 9 connected to the bipolar stepping motor 4 for the automatic cleaning function by the movable shaft 22 is configured such that when the automatic cleaning function motor 8 rotates, the worm gear rotates and the automatic cleaning function brush 15 moves. It has become.

モータの駆動方式は、図５に示すようなＯＮ ＯＦＦを単純に繰り返す通常の１−２相励磁方式と呼ぶステピングモータ駆動方式ではなく、図６に示すようなＯＮ ＯＦＦの幅を調整させることにより、電流値を調整し擬似的に正弦波に近い電流波形を構成させることにより、転流のタイミングを減らし、騒音の低減をはかる。   The motor drive method is not a stepping motor drive method called a normal 1-2 phase excitation method that simply repeats ON / OFF as shown in FIG. 5, but the ON / OFF width as shown in FIG. 6 is adjusted. Thus, by adjusting the current value and forming a pseudo-sine current waveform, the commutation timing is reduced and noise is reduced.

上記のようにモータ電流を擬似正弦波駆動で動作させる制御を行う回路は、電気品２０内部に備えた、図３に示す、マイコン２４と抵抗２６と比較機２７を備えた電流検知回路２５で、自動清掃機能用バイポーラ型ステッピングモータ４に流れる電流を観測することで、モータの詳細状況を把握できる構成となっている。   The circuit for controlling the motor current to operate by pseudo sine wave drive as described above is the current detection circuit 25 provided in the electrical product 20 and including the microcomputer 24, the resistor 26, and the comparator 27 shown in FIG. The detailed state of the motor can be grasped by observing the current flowing through the bipolar stepping motor 4 for automatic cleaning function.

この様な構成において、自動清掃機能用バイポーラ型ステッピングモータ４を駆動した場合、自動清掃機能用バイポーラ型ステッピングモータ４に流れる電流ラインに抵抗２６を配置し、その抵抗２６に流れる電流の量を比較機２７をかえして、マイコン２４のＡ／Ｄポートで検知することによって、自動清掃機能用バイポーラ型ステッピングモータ４の状態を認識する。   In such a configuration, when the bipolar stepping motor 4 for automatic cleaning function is driven, a resistor 26 is arranged in the current line flowing through the bipolar stepping motor 4 for automatic cleaning function, and the amount of current flowing through the resistor 26 is compared. The state of the bipolar stepping motor 4 for automatic cleaning function is recognized by changing the machine 27 and detecting it at the A / D port of the microcomputer 24.

自動清掃機能用バイポーラ型ステッピングモータ４が、停止している場合は、自動清掃機能用バイポーラ型ステッピングモータ４に流れる電流値は、０Ａとなる。マイコン２４からの指令によって動き始めた場合は、フィルター６に埃が溜まっておらず、負荷が変動しない場合は、一定の電流が流れる。   When the automatic cleaning function bipolar stepping motor 4 is stopped, the current value flowing through the automatic cleaning function bipolar stepping motor 4 is 0A. When the movement starts in response to a command from the microcomputer 24, dust does not accumulate in the filter 6, and a constant current flows when the load does not fluctuate.

しかし、一定電流が流れないケースが存在する。   However, there are cases where a constant current does not flow.

前記一定電流が流れないケースは、フィルター６に埃が多く溜まっており、通常時より負荷が重くなっている場合か、機構的にロックが発生している場合がある。   In the case where the constant current does not flow, there is a case where a large amount of dust is accumulated in the filter 6 and the load is heavier than usual or the mechanism is locked.

図７の制御フローチャートに示すように、まず自動清掃機構を動作させるためにモータをスタートさせる。モータのスタートと同時に電流の監視を行い、マイコン内部に持った通常動作時の電流量との比較を常に行い動作する。   As shown in the control flowchart of FIG. 7, the motor is first started to operate the automatic cleaning mechanism. The current is monitored simultaneously with the start of the motor, and it is always operated by comparing with the amount of current in the microcomputer during normal operation.

そこで通常動作時の電流量より負荷が重いときの電流値であると判断した場合、モータ電流の量を増加させ、モータトルクを増加させモータの駆動をはじる。その際モータは一時停止することなく、動作中にモータトルクを変化させる。   Therefore, when it is determined that the current value is when the load is heavier than the current amount during normal operation, the motor current amount is increased, the motor torque is increased, and the motor is driven. At that time, the motor torque is changed during operation without temporarily stopping the motor.

モータトルクを増加させた状態の電流を監視し続け、マイコン内部に持った機構的ロック時に発生する電流量との比較を行い動作する。   It continues to monitor the current when the motor torque is increased, and compares it with the amount of current generated when the mechanism is locked inside the microcomputer.

そこで、機構的ロック時の電流が流れているときは、停止する。しかし、停止したことによって機構的ロックが解除される可能性を考え、再度モータの駆動を開始する。それでも、機構的なロックと判定した場合、モータを停止し、自動清掃機構に何らかの問題があることを表示する。   Therefore, it stops when the current at the time of mechanical lock is flowing. However, considering the possibility that the mechanical lock is released due to the stop, the driving of the motor is started again. If it is still determined that the mechanism is locked, the motor is stopped and a message indicating that there is a problem with the automatic cleaning mechanism is displayed.

上記のような、問題が無い場合は、自動清掃動作を正常に終えモータの駆動は停止する。   When there is no problem as described above, the automatic cleaning operation is normally finished and the driving of the motor is stopped.

本発明の実施例での空気調和機の外観構成例を示す。The external structural example of the air conditioner in the Example of this invention is shown. 本発明の実施例での空気調和機の内部構成例を示す。The example of an internal structure of the air conditioner in the Example of this invention is shown. 本発明の実施例での自動清掃機能の構成例を示す。The structural example of the automatic cleaning function in the Example of this invention is shown. 本発明の実施例での電流検知制御部の構成例を示す。The structural example of the electric current detection control part in the Example of this invention is shown. 本発明の実施例での１−２相励磁方式の電流波形を示す。The current waveform of the 1-2 phase excitation system in the Example of this invention is shown. 本発明の実施例での擬似正弦波方式の電流波形を示す。The pseudo sine wave system current waveform in the Example of this invention is shown. 本発明の実施例での自動清掃機構の制御フローチャートを示す。The control flowchart of the automatic cleaning mechanism in the Example of this invention is shown.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 空気調和機
２ 室内機
３ 室外機
４ 自動清掃機能用モータ
５ 配管
６ フィルター
７ フロントパネル
８ 化粧枠
９ キャビネット
１０ 受光部
１１ ＬＥＤ表示部
１２ リモコン
１３ 上下風向板
１４ 貫流ファン
１５ 自動清掃用ブラシ
１６ 熱交換機
１７ 露皿
１８ 表示ユニット
１９ 左右風向板
２０ 電気品
２１ 自動清掃機能
２２ 可動軸
２４ マイコン
２５ 電流検出回路
２６ 抵抗
２７ 比較機
２８ 筐体
２９ 空気吐き出し口
３０ 空気吸い込み口 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Air conditioner 2 Indoor unit 3 Outdoor unit 4 Motor for automatic cleaning function 5 Piping 6 Filter 7 Front panel 8 Makeup frame 9 Cabinet 10 Light receiving unit 11 LED display unit 12 Remote control 13 Vertical wind direction plate 14 Cross-flow fan 15 Automatic cleaning brush 16 Heat exchanger 17 Dew plate 18 Display unit 19 Left and right wind direction plate 20 Electrical component 21 Automatic cleaning function 22 Movable shaft 24 Microcomputer 25 Current detection circuit 26 Resistor 27 Comparator 28 Case 29 Air outlet 30 Air inlet

Claims (2)

ステッピングモータとして負荷の増減により電流の変化を大きくすることが可能なバイポーラ型モータを用いてフィルターの清掃を行う機構を動作させる自動清掃機構と、前記ステッピングモータに流れる電流を検出する電流検出回路と、を有する空気調和機において、
前記ステッピングモータを駆動させ、
前記電流検出回路により前記ステッピングモータに流れる電流を検出し、
前記ステッピングモータに流れる電流と通常動作時の電流量とを比較し、
前記通常動作時の電流量より負荷が重いときの電流量であると判断した場合、前記ステッピングモータを停止させることなく、前記ステッピングモータに流れる電流量を増加させ、
その後、前記ステッピングモータに流れる電流と機構的ロック時に発生する電流量とを比較し、
前記機構的ロック時の電流量より大きい電流量であると判断した場合、前記ステッピングモータを停止させる
ことを特徴とする空気調和機。 An automatic cleaning mechanism for operating the mechanism for cleaning the filter using a bipolar motor capable of increasing the change in current by increasing or decreasing the load as a stepping motor, wherein you detect current flowing to the stepping motor current In an air conditioner having a detection circuit,
Driving the stepping motor;
Detecting the current flowing through the stepping motor by the current detection circuit;
Compare the current flowing through the stepping motor with the amount of current during normal operation,
When it is determined that the amount of current is greater when the load is heavier than the amount of current during normal operation, the amount of current flowing through the stepping motor is increased without stopping the stepping motor,
Then, the current flowing through the stepping motor is compared with the amount of current generated during mechanical locking,
The air conditioner characterized by stopping the stepping motor when it is determined that the amount of current is larger than the amount of current at the time of mechanical locking . 請求項２において、前記ステッピングモータを擬似正弦波駆動により駆動することで、前記ステッピングモータ駆動時の音を低減することを特徴とする空気調和機。  The air conditioner according to claim 2, wherein the stepping motor is driven by pseudo sine wave driving to reduce sound during driving of the stepping motor.
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