JP5188882B2 - Horizontal cylinder device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a horizontal cylinder device that is suitably used for, for example, a vibration damper of a railway vehicle, a steering damper of an automobile, and the like.

  In general, a hydraulic shock absorber as a cylinder device is provided between a cylinder including an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder that is provided in the outer cylinder and filled with an oil liquid, and between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder of the cylinder. An annular reservoir chamber in which oil and gas are sealed, a piston slidably inserted into the inner cylinder of the cylinder, and defining the inner cylinder in two oil chambers; A piston rod having one side attached to the piston and the other side protruding so as to extend and contract from the cylinder; an oil passage through which oil fluid flows between the reservoir chamber and the oil chamber in the inner cylinder; and the piston And a damping force generating mechanism that generates a damping force when sliding is displaced.

  Here, when the hydraulic shock absorber is used as, for example, a vibration damper such as a railway vehicle yaw damper or a left and right motion damper, or a steering damper of an automobile, a horizontally mounted hydraulic shock absorber that can be disposed horizontally. Is used (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In the horizontal hydraulic shock absorber, since the cylinder is arranged horizontally, the oil liquid is accumulated near the lower side in the radial direction in the reservoir chamber, and the gas is accumulated on the upper side. For this reason, the horizontal type hydraulic shock absorber determines the upper and lower mounting directions so that the oil passage is located on the lower side so that the gas in the reservoir chamber does not flow into the oil chamber in the inner cylinder. It is configured to be mounted on.

JP 2000-18308 A

  By the way, the horizontal type hydraulic shock absorber according to the above-described prior art has the upper and lower mounting directions fixed, but the upper and lower mounting directions of the hydraulic shock absorber may be erroneously mounted. However, there is a problem that the performance cannot be sufficiently exhibited, for example, the gas in the reservoir chamber flows into the bottom oil chamber in the inner cylinder and the damping force by the damping force generation mechanism becomes unstable.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to eliminate the upper and lower mounting directions when a cylinder is mounted, and to improve the mounting workability, reliability, and the like. The object is to provide a cylinder device.

  A horizontal cylinder device according to the present invention is defined between a cylinder including an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder provided in the outer cylinder and filled with oil, and an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder of the cylinder. An annular reservoir chamber filled with oil and gas, a piston slidably inserted into the inner cylinder of the cylinder and defining the inside of the inner cylinder into two oil chambers, and one side in the axial direction are A piston rod attached to the piston and protruding on the other side to the outside of the cylinder; and an oil passage through which oil is circulated between the reservoir chamber and the oil chamber in the inner cylinder. ing.

And in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the feature of the configuration adopted by the invention of claim 1 is that the cylinder device can be mounted in the direction of rotation every 180 degrees by the mounting means at one end of the outer cylinder. is a, the the oil passage, irrespective of the mounting direction when mounting the cylinder, the communicable communication means between the oil chamber in said inner cylinder and said reservoir chamber in the hydraulic fluid in provided, the communicating means A first hole provided at two locations in the vertical direction of the inner cylinder, a first annular wall forming a first annular passage on the outer periphery of the first hole, and a horizontal direction of the first annular wall An orifice hole provided on one of the left and right sides and having an area smaller than the total area of the first hole, a second annular wall forming a second annular passage on the outer periphery of the orifice hole, and a horizontal surface of the second annular wall Larger than the total area of the first holes provided on the other side of the direction left and right In that a configuration ing and a second hole of the product.

The feature of the configuration adopted by the invention of claim 2 is that the cylinder device is attachable at every 180 degrees in the rotation direction by an attaching means at one end of the outer cylinder. Regardless of the mounting direction when mounting, a communication means is provided which can communicate the oil in the reservoir chamber with the oil chamber in the inner cylinder, and the communication means has a base end side on the reservoir chamber side of the oil passage. The free end is configured to be a swinging pipe that is swingably attached to the opening and swings downward due to its own weight, and the communication means is independent of the mounting direction when the cylinder is mounted. The lower side of the chamber is configured to be able to communicate with the oil chamber in the inner cylinder .

The feature of the configuration adopted by the invention of claim 3 is that the oil passage in the reservoir chamber and the oil chamber in the inner cylinder can communicate with the oil passage regardless of the mounting direction when the cylinder is mounted. The oil passage has a large number of openings arranged in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral side of the inner cylinder of the cylinder, and the communication means is provided on the outer peripheral side of the inner cylinder. An annular rotating plate rotatably provided at a position closing each opening of the oil passage, an oil hole provided in the annular rotating plate and communicating with any of the openings of the oil passage, and the annular rotating plate And a weight that rotates the annular rotating plate so that the oil hole is positioned below the reservoir chamber.

The feature of the configuration adopted by the invention of claim 4 is that the cylinder device is attachable at every rotation of 180 degrees by the attaching means at one end of the outer cylinder. Regardless of the mounting direction when mounting, a communication means is provided which can communicate the oil in the reservoir chamber with the oil chamber in the inner cylinder, and the oil passage is at least one oil chamber in the inner cylinder. A radial passage penetrating in a radial direction of a closing member that closes the cylinder, and the communication means is disposed below the radial passage when the cylinder is disposed regardless of the mounting direction when the cylinder is mounted horizontally. The disposed opening communicates with the reservoir chamber and the oil chamber in the inner cylinder, and the opening disposed on the upper side is constituted by a switching valve that shuts off the reservoir chamber and the oil chamber in the inner cylinder. .

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the communication means includes a first hole provided at two locations in the vertical direction of the inner cylinder, and a first annular wall that forms a first annular passage on the outer periphery of the first hole. An orifice hole that is provided on one of the left and right sides of the first annular wall in the horizontal direction and has a smaller area than the total area of the first hole, and a second annular passage that forms a second annular passage around the orifice hole A wall and a second hole having a larger area than the total area of the first hole provided on the other of the second annular wall in the horizontal direction , regardless of the mounting direction when the cylinder is mounted. The oil liquid in the chamber can communicate with the oil chamber in the inner cylinder. As a result, the cylinder can be freely mounted regardless of the mounting direction when mounted horizontally, so that the mounting work can be easily performed and the reliability can be improved.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the communication means can swing the tip end side of the swing pipe downward due to its own weight, the tip end of the swing pipe can be opened regardless of the mounting position when the cylinder is mounted. Can always be placed in the lower fluid in the reservoir chamber.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, the communication means rotates the annular rotating plate by the weight so that the oil hole provided in the annular rotating plate is positioned below the oil passage on the lower side of the reservoir chamber. Can be communicated with the opening. Thereby, the communication means can always communicate between the oil chamber in the inner cylinder and the lower side of the reservoir chamber regardless of the mounting position when the cylinder is mounted.

Moreover, since the oil passage has a large number of openings arranged in the circumferential direction, it can be mounted at any mounting position in the circumferential direction of the cylinder regardless of the mounting direction when the cylinder is mounted horizontally. The oil chamber in the inner cylinder and the reservoir chamber can be communicated with each other, and the degree of freedom and reliability of the mounting position can be further improved.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the switching valve has an opening disposed on the lower side of the radial passage when the cylinder is disposed regardless of the mounting direction when the cylinder is mounted horizontally , in the reservoir chamber and the inner cylinder. It is possible to communicate with the oil chamber, and the opening arranged on the upper side of the radial passage can be blocked from the reservoir chamber and the oil chamber in the inner cylinder. Thereby, the switching valve can always communicate between the oil chamber in the inner cylinder and the lower side of the reservoir chamber regardless of the upper and lower mounting directions when the cylinder is mounted.

  Hereinafter, as a horizontal cylinder device according to an embodiment of the present invention, a horizontal hydraulic shock absorber used as a vibration damper such as a yaw damper or a left and right dynamic damper provided between a bogie and a vehicle body of a railway vehicle is taken as an example. Will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a so-called uniflow type (one-way flow type) hydraulic shock absorber is described as an example. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a cylinder that constitutes a main body of a horizontal hydraulic shock absorber, and the cylinder 1 is arranged horizontally when attached to a bogie or a vehicle body (none of which is shown) of a railway vehicle. The cylinder 1 is roughly constituted by an outer cylinder 2 and an inner cylinder 7 which will be described later.

  Reference numeral 2 denotes an outer cylinder that forms the outer shape of the cylinder 1. The outer cylinder 2 is closed at one end in the axial direction by a bottom cap 3 and closed at the other end by a rod guide 4 or the like described later.

  Reference numeral 4 denotes a stepped cylindrical rod guide provided on the other end side of the outer cylinder 2, and the rod guide 4 is fitted in the outer cylinder 2 at its outer peripheral side and is held in a retaining state by a cap 5. Yes. A seal member 6 is provided on the inner peripheral side of the cap 5 so as to be in sliding contact with an outer peripheral surface of a piston rod 9 which will be described later and seal between the piston rod 9.

  Reference numeral 7 denotes an inner cylinder disposed coaxially in the outer cylinder 2, and the inner cylinder 7 is filled with oil. Further, the inner cylinder 7 defines an annular reservoir chamber A between the inner cylinder 7 and the reservoir chamber A is filled with oil liquid and gas (no boundary wall partition). Yes. As shown in FIG. 2, the inner cylinder 7 has one end side in the axial direction fitted on a base member 12 described later and the other end side is fitted on the inner peripheral side of the rod guide 4. Are positioned in the axial and radial directions.

  8 is a cylindrical piston that is slidably inserted into the inner cylinder 7, and the piston 8 includes a bottom oil chamber B serving as one oil chamber and a rod serving as the other oil chamber in the inner cylinder 7. A side oil chamber C is defined. Further, on the outer peripheral side of the piston 8, a communication passage 8 </ b> A that connects the bottom side oil chamber B and the rod side oil chamber C is formed in the axial direction.

  9 is a piston rod attached to the piston 8 in the inner cylinder 7 on the base end side which is one side in the axial direction. The piston rod 9 has a rod guide 4 and a seal member 6 on the tip side which is the other side in the axial direction. It protrudes to the outside of the outer cylinder 2 through the slidable and contractible.

  10 is a check valve provided on the other end surface of the piston 8, and the check valve 10 allows oil to flow from the bottom side oil chamber B to the rod side oil chamber C via the communication passage 8A, and vice versa. It regulates the flow of direction.

  Reference numeral 11 denotes a damping force generating mechanism (see FIGS. 1 and 3) provided between the rod side oil chamber C and the reservoir chamber A and provided in the rod guide 4. The damping force generating mechanism 11 includes a rod side oil. When the oil liquid in the chamber C flows toward the reservoir chamber A, a flow resistance is given to the oil liquid. Here, the damping force generation mechanism 11 includes a valve body 11A, a fixed orifice 11B provided in the valve body 11A, and a valve spring 11C that urges the valve body 11A in the valve closing direction. Further, the valve body 11A is configured to open when the valve opening pressure is set by the valve spring 11C and the differential pressure between the rod side oil chamber C and the reservoir chamber A reaches this valve opening pressure.

  When the piston rod 9 expands and contracts, a differential pressure is generated between the rod side oil chamber C and the reservoir chamber A, and when the valve body 11A of the damping force generation mechanism 11 is opened, the rod side oil chamber C and the reservoir chamber A are opened. When the oil liquid flows inward, a predetermined damping force corresponding to the valve opening pressure of the valve body 11A by the valve spring 11C is generated.

  Next, 12 is a base member as a closing member located in the outer cylinder 2 of the cylinder 1 and attached to the center of the bottom cap 3. The base member 12 has a stepped cylindrical shape as shown in FIG. The bottom oil chamber B in the inner cylinder 7 is closed by fitting the other end side to the inner cylinder 7.

  Reference numeral 13 denotes an oil passage provided in the base member 12, and the oil passage 13 extends in the radial direction from the axial passage 13A provided in the center of the base member 12 in the axial direction and from the axial passage 13A. It is comprised by the two radial direction passages 13B opened to the outer peripheral side of the member 12. FIG. Here, each radial passage 13B of the oil passage 13 is formed so as to extend in a substantially horizontal direction when the hydraulic shock absorber is attached between the bogie of the railway vehicle and the vehicle body (both not shown). Yes.

  14 is another check valve provided in the other side opening of the axial passage 13A constituting the oil passage 13, and the check valve 14 allows the oil liquid to flow from the reservoir chamber A toward the bottom side oil chamber B. And restricts the reverse flow.

  Reference numerals 15 and 15 denote two oscillating pipes as communication means connected to the respective radial passages 13B and 13B of the oil passage 13. The oscillating pipes 15 are located in the reservoir chamber A. Attached to the base member 12. Each swing pipe 15 can communicate with the lower side (right side in FIG. 1) of the reservoir chamber A and the bottom side oil chamber B regardless of the vertical mounting direction when the cylinder 1 is mounted. The oil liquid accumulated on the lower side is supplied to the bottom side oil chamber B through the oil passage 13.

  The swing pipe 15 is swingably attached to the opening in the reservoir chamber A side of the radial passage 13B. The swing joint 15A is bent in an L shape, and the proximal end is attached to the swing joint 15A. The suction pipe 15B extends with the distal end extending as a free end, and a weight 15C attached to the outer peripheral side of the distal end portion of the suction pipe 15B.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the oscillating pipe 15 can oscillate up and down (arrows D and D 'directions) about the oscillating joint 15A. , The tip end side of the suction pipe 15B, which is a free end, can be swung downward by the dead weight of the weight 15C. As a result, the swing pipe 15 can be disposed in the oil liquid collected at the lower side in the reservoir chamber A at the bottom side regardless of the mounting direction of the cylinder 1 above and below. Only the oil liquid in the reservoir chamber A can be supplied to the oil chamber B.

  Reference numerals 16 and 16 denote two oscillating pipes as communication means provided connected to the annular passage 4A of the rod guide 4, and each oscillating pipe 16 is located in the reservoir chamber A and is located in the rod guide. 4 is attached. Each oscillating pipe 16 allows the lower side of the reservoir chamber A and the rod side oil chamber C to communicate with each other regardless of the mounting position when the cylinder 1 is attached, and the oil in the rod side oil chamber C is annular. The oil is supplied to the oil in the reservoir chamber A through the passage 4A.

  Further, the swing pipe 16 is swingably attached to the opening in the reservoir chamber A side of the radial hole 4B, and a swing joint 16A bent in an L shape and a proximal end side are attached to the swing joint 16A. The discharge pipe 16B extends with the front end side as a free end, and a weight 16C attached to the outer peripheral side of the front end of the discharge pipe 16B.

  Reference numeral 17 denotes an attachment ring (attachment means) provided integrally with the bottom cap 3, and 18 denotes another attachment ring provided integrally with the tip of the piston rod 9. The mounting rings 17 and 18 are fitted to mounting rods (not shown) extending in the horizontal direction provided in a vehicle, a carriage, etc., so that either the left or right direction in FIG. It is attached.

  Reference numeral 19 denotes a covered cylindrical rod cover provided at the tip of the piston rod 9.

  The horizontal type hydraulic shock absorber according to the first embodiment has the above-described configuration. Next, the mounting operation of the horizontal type hydraulic shock absorber will be described by taking, for example, the case of mounting on a railcar as an example. .

  First, when a horizontal hydraulic shock absorber is installed, the hydraulic shock absorber is placed horizontally as shown in FIG. And one of the attachment rings 17 and 18 is located on the lower side of the railway vehicle and attached to the carriage side provided with wheels, and the other is attached to the vehicle body side. At this time, depending on the direction of the bolt (not shown) for fixing the mounting ring 17 provided on the bottom cap 3, the radial passages 13B of the oil passage 13 are substantially horizontal, and the swing pipes 15, 16 are It can swing in the upward and downward directions (arrow D, D 'direction, E, E' direction).

  When the horizontally installed hydraulic shock absorber is attached to the railway vehicle in this way, the swing pipes 15 and 16 are directed downward by the weights 15C and 16C so that the suction pipe 15B and the discharge pipe 16B are directed downward (indicated by arrows D ′ and E ′). Therefore, the tips of the suction pipe 15B and the discharge pipe 16B can be arranged in the oil liquid accumulated on the lower side in the reservoir chamber A regardless of the upper and lower mounting directions.

  Next, the operation of the horizontal hydraulic shock absorber attached to the railway vehicle as described above will be described.

  First, when a cart that runs along a track is shaken, a vibration damping device including a horizontal hydraulic shock absorber provided between the cart and the vehicle body is actuated to expand and contract the piston rod 9. . As a result, a damping force can be generated by the damping force generation mechanism 11 to suppress the vehicle body side shaking.

  That is, in the extension stroke of the piston rod 9, the inside of the rod side oil chamber C is in a high pressure state, and the bottom side oil chamber B is in a lower pressure state than the reservoir chamber A. The damping force generating mechanism 11 is opened while the valve 10 is kept closed. The oil liquid in the rod side oil chamber C is discharged into the oil liquid in the reservoir chamber A via the damping force generation mechanism 11 and the discharge pipe 16B of each swing pipe 16, and at this time, a predetermined damping force is applied. To occur.

  Further, in the extension stroke of the piston rod 9, the amount of oil that has been withdrawn from the inner cylinder 7 is transferred from the reservoir chamber A to the bottom side oil chamber B through the swing pipes 15 and the oil passages 13. Supplied.

  On the other hand, in the reduction stroke of the piston rod 9, the other check valve 14 keeps the closed state, so that the inside of the bottom side oil chamber B becomes a high pressure state, so that the check valve 10 is opened and the inside of the bottom side oil chamber B is opened. The oil liquid flows into the rod side oil chamber C. At this time, the oil liquid corresponding to the volume of entry due to the piston rod 9 entering the inner cylinder 7 passes from the rod-side oil chamber C via the damping force generation mechanism 11 and the discharge pipe 16B of each swing pipe 16. The oil is discharged into the oil liquid in the reservoir chamber A, and a predetermined damping force is generated in the same manner as the above-described extension stroke.

  Thus, according to the first embodiment, the swing pipe 15 provided at the reservoir chamber A side opening of the radial passage 13B constituting the oil passage 13 and the swing pipe 16 provided connected to the annular passage 4A. Means that the ends of the suction pipe 15B and the discharge pipe 16B are swingable upward and downward (arrow D, D 'direction, arrow E, E' direction) around the swing joints 15A, 16A. The weights 15C and 16C are provided. Thus, the swing pipes 15 and 16 swing the suction pipe 15B and discharge pipe at the free ends of the suction pipe 15B and the discharge pipe 16B by swinging downward by the weights of the weights 15C and 16C. The tip of 16B can be disposed in the oil liquid accumulated on the lower side in the reservoir chamber A.

  As a result, even when the upper and lower mounting directions are mistakenly mounted when the cylinder 1 is mounted, only the oil liquid in the reservoir chamber A can be supplied to the bottom-side oil chamber B by the swing pipe 15, and the damping force generation mechanism 11 can stabilize the damping force. Further, the oscillating pipe 16 can also discharge the oil from the rod side oil chamber C into the oil in the reservoir chamber A. At that time, the oil is vigorously jetted into the oil, so that it flows near the liquid surface. In this case, the oil liquid and gas in the reservoir chamber A are mixed and bubbles are generated. However, since it flows into a deep position in the infusion, the generation of bubbles is suppressed, and the damping force is suppressed by the aeration suppression effect of the oil liquid. The damping force by the generating mechanism 11 can be stabilized.

  Accordingly, the upper and lower mounting directions can be eliminated, so that the mounting operation can be easily performed and the reliability can be improved.

  Further, since the oscillating pipes 15 and 16 are provided with the weights 15C and 16C at the distal ends of the suction pipe 15B and the discharge pipe 16B, the suction pipe 15B and the discharge pipe 16B are reliably swung downward. And the operating performance can be improved.

  Next, FIGS. 5 to 7 show a second embodiment of the present invention. A feature of the present embodiment is that the oil passage has a large number of openings arranged in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral side of the inner cylinder of the cylinder, and the communication means is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the inner cylinder. An annular rotating plate that is rotatably provided at a position that closes each of the openings, an oil hole that is provided in the annular rotating plate and communicates with any of the openings of the oil passage, and is provided in the annular rotating plate. And a weight that rotates the annular rotating plate so that the oil hole is positioned below the reservoir chamber. In the present embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In FIG. 5, reference numeral 21 denotes a base member as a closing member according to the second embodiment provided in the horizontal hydraulic shock absorber. The base member 21 is the first embodiment as shown in FIG. The base member 12 is formed in a stepped cylindrical shape, and is attached between the bottom cap 3 and the inner cylinder 7 in substantially the same manner as the base member 12 of FIG. However, the base member 21 according to the second embodiment is formed with a larger diameter than the inner cylinder 7, and an annular valve plate is accommodated on the other end surface side located between the outer cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 7. A recess 21A is provided.

  An oil passage 22 is provided in the base member 21. The oil passage 22 is formed between an axial passage 22A provided in the center of the base member 21 in the axial direction and between the axial passage 22A and the bottom cap 3. A diameter-enlarging passage 22B defined in the figure, and the diameter-enlarging passage 22B communicated with the valve plate housing recess 21A of the base member 21 and a circular opening passage 22C arranged in a plurality along the circumferential direction. It is configured. Here, the opening passage 22 </ b> C is not limited to a circular shape, and may be configured to gain a passage area as a fan shape, for example.

  Reference numeral 23 denotes a rotary valve serving as a communication means provided facing each open passage 22C of the oil passage 22. The rotary valve 23 enables communication between the lower side of the reservoir chamber A and the bottom oil chamber B. Only the oil liquid in the chamber A is supplied to the bottom oil chamber B through the oil passage 22.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the rotary valve 23 is rotatably provided in the valve plate housing recess 21 </ b> A of the base member 21, and an annular rotary plate 23 </ b> A that closes each open passage 22 </ b> C of the oil passage 22. One oil hole 23B provided in the annular rotating plate 23A and capable of communicating with any one of the opening passages 22C of the oil passage 22, and from the annular rotating plate 23A to the reservoir chamber A in a state communicating with the oil hole 23B. And a weight 23D attached to the outer periphery of the distal end side of the pipe 23C. Here, the rotary valve 23 further ensures the rotation of the annular rotary plate 23A by using both the pipe 23C and the weight 23D as weights.

  The rotary valve 23 moves the oil hole 23B formed in the annular rotary plate 23A to the lower side by rotating the annular rotary plate 23A by the weight of the pipe 23C and the weight 23D constituting the weight. As a result, the rotary valve 23 can communicate the oil hole 23B and the pipe 23C with the opening passage 22C located below the oil passage 22 in the oil liquid accumulated on the lower side in the reservoir chamber A. Only the oil liquid in the reservoir chamber A can be supplied to the oil chamber B.

  In addition, since a large number of opening passages 22C of the oil passage 22 that can communicate with the oil holes 23B of the rotary valve 23 are arranged in the circumferential direction, the oil holes 23B are arranged in the rotary valve 23. Even when any part in the circumferential direction (rotational direction) is on the lower side, only the oil liquid in the reservoir chamber A can be supplied to the bottom-side oil chamber B.

  Reference numeral 24 denotes a rod guide according to the second embodiment. The rod guide 24 is provided with a rotary valve 25 similar to the rotary valve 23 described above. The rod guide 24 is formed in a stepped cylindrical shape substantially similar to the base member 21, and is provided with an annular protrusion 24 </ b> A protruding between the outer cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 7. 24A is provided with an annular valve plate housing recess 24B.

  Furthermore, a large number of opening passages 24C as oil passages that communicate the rod-side oil chamber C and the reservoir chamber A via the damping force generation mechanism 11 are arranged in a row along the circumferential direction in the annular convex portion 24A. Yes.

  Reference numeral 25 denotes another rotary valve provided on the rod guide 24. The rotary valve 25 is configured by an annular rotary plate 25A, an oil hole 25B, a pipe 25C and a weight 25D in substantially the same manner as the rotary valve 23 described above. ing. The rotary valve 25 is provided so that the pipe 25C faces the pipe 23C of the rotary valve 23.

  Reference numeral 26 denotes a mounting screw provided integrally with the bottom cap 3, and 27 denotes another mounting screw provided integrally with the tip of the piston rod 9. For example, a ball joint or the like (not shown) is attached to these attachment screws 26 and 27, and one of the attachment screws 26 and 27 is attached to the truck side of the railway vehicle, and the other is attached to the vehicle body side. It is done.

  Here, when the mounting structure of the horizontal hydraulic shock absorber with respect to the railway vehicle is the mounting screws 26 and 27, the mounting position cannot be determined in the circumferential direction (rotating direction). However, in the second embodiment, the attachment screws 26 and 27 having a high degree of freedom of attachment can be used by the action of the rotary valves 23 and 25 and the like.

  Thus, also in the second embodiment configured as described above, it is possible to obtain substantially the same operational effects as those of the first embodiment described above. In particular, according to the second embodiment, a large number of the opening passages 22C of the oil passage 22 and the 24C of the annular convex portion 24A that can communicate with the oil holes 23B, 25B of the rotary valves 23, 25 are circular in the circumferential direction. Since the rotary valves 23 and 25 are arranged along the bottom side oil, the bottom side oil can be obtained even when any part in the circumferential direction (rotation direction) where the oil holes 23B and 25B are arranged is on the lower side. Oil in the reservoir chamber A can be supplied to and discharged from the chamber B and the rod-side oil chamber C.

  As a result, not only the upper and lower mounting positions, but also only the oil in the reservoir chamber A is supplied to and discharged from the bottom side oil chamber B and the rod side oil chamber C at any mounting position in the circumferential direction of the cylinder 1. Therefore, the degree of freedom of the mounting position and the reliability can be further improved.

Next, FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 show a third embodiment of the present invention . In this embodiment, a so-called biflow type (bidirectional flow type) hydraulic shock absorber is described as an example. In addition, the feature of this embodiment is that the communication means is attached to a flexible pipe whose proximal end is attached to the reservoir chamber side opening of the oil passage and whose distal end is a free end, and is attached to the distal end of the flexible pipe. And a weight that bends the tip side of the flexible pipe downward. In the present embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In FIG. 8, reference numeral 31 denotes a piston according to the third embodiment. The piston 31 is provided with damping valves 31A and 31B that act as relief valves on the expansion side and the contraction side on both sides. Reference numeral 31C denotes an extension side communication path. The extension side communication path 31C includes oil when the pressure of the rod side oil chamber C becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined pressure when the piston 31 moves to the left in the figure. The liquid flows and the extension-side damping valve 31A opens. 31D is a contraction-side communication path, and when the piston 31 moves to the right in the figure, the contraction-side communication path 31D receives oil when the pressure in the bottom-side oil chamber B exceeds a predetermined pressure. The contraction side damping valve 31B is circulated to open.

  Reference numeral 32 denotes a rod guide according to the third embodiment. In addition to the damping force generating mechanism 11 described above, the rod guide 32 includes a suction valve 32A as a check valve (the spring 32C has a very weak spring force). Is provided). The damping force generation mechanism 11 generates a damping force when the piston speed is low, and is superposed on the damping forces of the extension side and contraction side damping valves 31A and 31B when the piston speed exceeds a predetermined value. In order to prevent the rod side oil chamber C from becoming negative pressure when the piston 31 moves to the right in the figure, the suction valve 32A serves as an oil liquid from the reservoir chamber A to the rod side oil chamber C. Communication is allowed.

Reference numeral 33 denotes a base member according to the third embodiment. The base member 33 is provided with a damping force generation mechanism 33A and a suction valve 33B so as to correspond to the damping force generation mechanism 11 and the suction valve 32A. . Damping force generating mechanism 33A generates a damping force during low-speed of the piston speed, when it becomes greater than or equal to a predetermined piston speed, play a role in earthenware pots by being superimposed on the damping force of the compression-side damping valve 31B, the suction The valve 33B compensates for the oil liquid having a volume corresponding to the retraction of the piston rod 9 to the outside when the piston 31 moves to the left in the drawing from the reservoir chamber A to the bottom chamber B. .

  Reference numeral 34 denotes two flexible pipe mechanisms (only one is shown) as communication means according to the third embodiment provided connected to the oil passage 13 of the base member 33. Each flexible pipe mechanism is shown in FIG. 34 is located in the reservoir chamber A and is attached to the base member 33. Each flexible pipe mechanism 34 allows communication between the lower side of the reservoir chamber A and the bottom side oil chamber B, and supplies and discharges oil between the reservoir chamber A and the bottom side oil chamber B. is there.

  In addition, the flexible pipe mechanism 34 is fixedly attached to the opening on the reservoir chamber A side, is fixed to the fixed joint 34A bent in an L shape, the base end side is attached to the fixed joint 34A, and the distal end side is a free end. And a weight 34C attached to the outer peripheral side of the distal end portion of the flexible pipe 34B. Here, the flexible pipe 34B is made of a flexible material such as a rubber material or a resin material, and is formed so as to be easily bent by the weight of the weight 34C.

  The flexible pipe mechanism 34 is configured such that the distal end side of the flexible pipe 34B is bent downward by the weight 34C, so that the distal end of the flexible pipe 34B is irrespective of the upper and lower mounting directions of the cylinder 1. Can be disposed in the oil liquid accumulated in the lower side of the reservoir chamber A, and only the oil liquid can be supplied and discharged between the bottom-side oil chamber B and the reservoir chamber A.

  In FIG. 8, reference numeral 35 denotes two flexible pipe mechanisms (only one is shown) as communication means provided so as to be inserted into the oil passage 32B of the rod guide 32 from the axial direction. The mechanism 35 is located in the reservoir chamber A and is attached to the rod guide 32. Each flexible pipe mechanism 35 allows the lower side of the reservoir chamber A and the rod-side oil chamber C to communicate with each other, and supplies and discharges oil between the reservoir chamber A and the rod-side oil chamber C. is there.

  Further, the flexible pipe mechanism 35 is fixedly attached to the opening of the rod guide 32 on the reservoir chamber A side, while the proximal end side is fixed, and on the other hand, a flexible pipe 35B extending with the distal end side being a free end, The weight 35C is attached to the outer peripheral side of the distal end portion of the flexible pipe 35B. Here, the flexible pipe 35B is made of a flexible material such as a rubber material or a resin material, and is formed so as to be easily bent by the weight of the weight 35C.

  The flexible pipe mechanism 35 is configured such that the distal end side of the flexible pipe 35B is bent downward by the weight 35C, so that the distal end of the flexible pipe 35B is irrespective of the upper and lower mounting directions of the cylinder 1. Can be disposed in the oil liquid collected in the lower side of the reservoir chamber A, and only the oil liquid can be supplied and discharged between the rod-side oil chamber C and the reservoir chamber A.

  Here, on the left side of the inner cylinder 7 in the figure, when the piston 31 slides in the inner cylinder 7 or when the air mixed in the inner cylinder 7 during assembly is discharged to the outside of the inner cylinder 7. Small orifice holes 7A, 7A are provided facing the top and bottom (left and right in FIG. 8). Further, an orifice mechanism shown in FIG. 9 for discharging air out of the inner cylinder 7 is also provided on the left side of the base member 33 on the bottom side of the inner cylinder 7 in the drawing.

  8 and 9, reference numeral 36 denotes an annular member provided so as to surround the holes 7 </ b> B and 7 </ b> B (first hole) provided vertically opposite to the bottom of the inner cylinder 7. The structure of the member 36 is shown in detail in FIG. The annular member 36 includes a stepped main body 36A and a ring member 36B that fits on the outer periphery of the stepped main body 36A. An annular passage 36C (first annular passage) is formed in a portion of the stepped body 36A facing the holes 7B and 7B.

  The stepped main body 36A (first annular wall) is provided with an orifice hole 36A1 at one position in the horizontal direction (left side in the figure). The orifice hole 36A1 includes the stepped main body 36A and the ring member 36B (first member). 2 annular walls) and communicated with an annular passage 36D (second annular passage) formed between the two. Further, a hole 36B1 (second hole) is formed on the side opposite to the orifice hole 36A1 180 degrees in the horizontal direction of the ring member 36B (right side in the figure), and this hole 36B1 is formed in the oil in the reservoir chamber A. It comes to communicate.

Here, regarding the area relationship among the hole 7B, the orifice hole 36A1, and the hole 36B1, the area of the hole 36B1 is the largest and the orifice hole 36A1 is the smallest . The orifice hole 36A1 has an area smaller than the total area of the holes 7B, and the orifice hole 36A1 generates a damping force when the piston speed is low.

  In addition, it is not necessary to provide the fixed orifice 11B in the damping force generation mechanism 11 of the third embodiment.

  Thus, also in the third embodiment configured as described above, it is possible to obtain substantially the same operational effects as those of the above-described embodiments. In particular, according to the third embodiment, the flexible pipe mechanism 34 uses the bending of the flexible pipe 34B, and its tip is disposed in the oil in the reservoir chamber A. The reliability can be improved without causing a typical malfunction.

  In addition, air remaining in the inner cylinder 7 during sliding of the piston 31 or assembly can be discharged out of the inner cylinder 7 by the orifice hole 7A and the orifice mechanism of FIG. Can be generated.

  Here, the orifice hole 7A is provided at the top and bottom, and the oil passage 32B on the outer periphery is always filled with the oil liquid. In addition, since the oil liquid is discharged from the flexible pipe mechanism 35, it is discharged to the lower side of the reservoir chamber, and it is possible to suppress the gas from being mixed into the oil liquid due to the force of the discharge. it can.

  In the orifice mechanism of FIG. 9, the holes 7B are provided above and below the inner cylinder 7, so that the gas accumulated in the inner cylinder 7 can be discharged even if the upper and lower sides are mounted upside down. The gas discharged from the hole 7B is then discharged into the reservoir chamber through the orifice hole 36A1 and the hole 36B1 due to the flow of oil. Here, the oil liquid is squeezed most vigorously in the orifice hole 36A1, but since the area of the hole 36B1 is large, the flow rate of the oil liquid discharged from the hole 36B1 is slow, so the hole 36B1 is close to the liquid surface. Even if it is provided, foaming of the oil in the reservoir chamber can be suppressed.

  Furthermore, the configuration of the orifice mechanism shown in FIG. 9 makes it possible to reduce the orifice area by reducing the orifice area while eliminating the vertical direction of mounting the damper, thereby reducing the orifice area. Since the limit area is limited, it is desirable to have a structure with one orifice.) A damper that generates a high damping force when the piston speed is low can be provided.

  The orifice mechanism shown in FIG. 9 can also be provided on the rod-side oil chamber C side. In this case, the flexible pipe mechanisms 34 and 35 are not necessarily required. Further, the orifice mechanism of FIG. 9 can be used alone for various uniflow and biflow dampers.

  Next, FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 show a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The feature of the present embodiment is that the oil passage has a radial passage that penetrates in the radial direction of a closing member that closes one oil chamber in the inner cylinder, and the communication means is arranged in the upward and downward directions of the cylinder. The lower opening in the radial passage communicates with the reservoir chamber and the oil chamber in the inner cylinder, and the upper opening is connected to the reservoir chamber and the oil chamber in the inner cylinder. This is because it is constituted by a switching valve that shuts off. In the present embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In FIG. 10, reference numeral 41 denotes a base member as a closing member according to the fourth embodiment provided in a horizontal hydraulic shock absorber. The base member 41 is formed in a stepped cylindrical shape as shown in FIG. It is attached between the bottom cap 3 and the inner cylinder 7.

  Reference numeral 42 denotes an oil passage provided in the base member 41. The oil passage 42 communicates with the axial passage 42A provided in the axial direction in the central portion of the base member 41 and the axial passage 42A in the radial direction. A radial passage 42 </ b> B that penetrates and communicates with a valve body housing hole 43 </ b> A of the switching valve 43 described later on the outer peripheral side of the base member 41. Here, the radial passage 42B of the oil passage 42 is formed so as to extend in a substantially vertical direction when the hydraulic shock absorber is attached between the bogie of the railway vehicle and the vehicle body.

  Reference numerals 43 and 43 denote two switching valves as communication means provided on each opening side of the radial passage 42B constituting the oil passage 42. The switching valves 43 are provided on the lower side and the bottom side of the reservoir chamber A, respectively. The oil chamber B can communicate with each other, and only the oil liquid in the reservoir chamber A is supplied to the bottom-side oil chamber B through the oil passage 42. Each switching valve 43 communicates the opening disposed below the radial passage 42B with the reservoir chamber A and the bottom oil chamber B, and the opening disposed above the radial passage 42B with the reservoir chamber A. And the bottom oil chamber B.

  Each switching valve 43 includes a valve body housing hole 43A provided on the outer peripheral side of the base member 41, a valve seat 43B formed by reducing the diameter of the bottom of the valve body housing hole 43A, and the valve body housing. An annular stopper ring 43C provided on the opening side of the hole 43A and a ball valve body 43D provided in the valve body accommodation hole 43A and seated on and off from the valve seat 43B are roughly constituted.

  Of the two switching valves 43, when the cylinder 1 is attached to the railway vehicle, the switching valve 43 located on the lower side moves from the valve seat 43B by the ball valve element 43D moving downward due to its own weight. The valve is separated and opened to allow the oil accumulated in the lower side of the reservoir chamber A to flow toward the bottom-side oil chamber B through the oil passage 42.

  On the other hand, the switching valve 43 located on the upper side is seated on the valve seat 43B and closed by the ball valve element 43D moving downward due to its own weight, and the gas accumulated on the upper side of the reservoir chamber A passes through the oil passage 42. The flow toward the bottom side oil chamber B can be restricted.

  Since the ball valve body 43D moves under its own weight, a spring that presses the ball valve body 43D against the valve seat 43B with a weak force is provided when the valve valve is opened due to vibration or the like during traveling. Also good.

  Furthermore, the rod guide 4 is provided with a flexible pipe mechanism 45 as in the third embodiment in FIG. 8 described above, and its proximal end is attached to the rod guide 4 so as to be inserted in the axial direction. A weight 46 is provided on the other end side, and the other end side, that is, the tip of the flexible pipe mechanism 45 is always in the oil liquid in the reservoir chamber A.

  Further, on the left side of the inner cylinder 7, as in the third embodiment in FIG. 8 described above, minute orifice holes 7 A and 7 A for discharging air to the outside of the inner cylinder 7 are in the vertical direction in the figure. Are provided so as to face each other.

  Thus, also in the fourth embodiment configured as described above, it is possible to obtain substantially the same operational effects as the above-described embodiments. In particular, according to the fourth embodiment, only the oil liquid in the reservoir chamber A can be supplied to the bottom oil chamber B only by moving the ball valve body 43D constituting the switching valve 43 upward and downward. Therefore, operational performance, reliability, etc. can be improved.

  In the first embodiment, the oscillating pipe 15 as the communication means is provided with a weight 15C on the tip side of the suction pipe 15B. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the distal end side of the suction pipe 15B may be formed thick to eliminate the weight 15C. This configuration can be similarly applied to the pipe 23C and the weight 23D according to the second embodiment.

  In addition, in the second embodiment, the pipe 23C may be eliminated, and the weight 23D may be directly attached to the annular rotating plate 23A in the vicinity of the oil hole 23B. Moreover, it is good also as a structure which forms the weight integrally by thickening the part near the oil hole 23B of the annular rotating plate 23A.

  In the first embodiment, the case where two swing pipes 15 are provided has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a configuration in which the swing pipe 15 is one may be adopted. This configuration can be similarly applied to the flexible pipe mechanism 34 according to the third embodiment.

  On the other hand, in 4th Embodiment, the switching valve 43 illustrated the case where it was set as the structure using the ball-valve body 43D attached / detached to the valve seat 43B as a communication means. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other valve bodies such as a spool valve, a poppet valve, and a butterfly valve may be used.

  Furthermore, in each embodiment, the case where the horizontal type hydraulic shock absorber is used for a vibration damping device provided between a bogie and a vehicle body of a railway vehicle has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be widely used for, for example, a steering damper of an automobile.

1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a horizontal hydraulic shock absorber according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the horizontal installation type hydraulic shock absorber seen from the arrow II-II direction in FIG. FIG. 2 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of a main part showing an enlarged view of a damping force generation mechanism and the like in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of a main part showing the base member, the swing pipe and the like in FIG. 2 in an enlarged manner. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the horizontal type hydraulic shock absorber which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 6 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of a main part showing a base member, an oil passage, a rotary valve and the like in FIG. 5 in an enlarged manner. It is an external appearance perspective view which shows the rotary valve in FIG. 6 alone. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the horizontal installation type hydraulic shock absorber which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a cross-sectional view of the annular member viewed from the direction of the arrow IX-IX in FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the horizontal installation type hydraulic shock absorber concerning the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a principal part expanded longitudinal cross-sectional view which expands and shows the base member, oil passage, switching valve, etc. in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cylinder 2 Outer cylinder 7 Inner cylinder 8 Piston 10 Check valve 11 Damping force generation mechanism 12, 21, 33 Base member (blocking member)
13, 22, 42 Oil passage 14 Other check valves 15, 16 Oscillating pipe (communication means)
15A, 16A Swing joint 15B Suction pipe 15C, 16C, 23D, 34C, 35C, 46 Weight 16B Discharge pipe 22C Open passage 23, 25 Rotary valve (communication means)
23A Annular rotating plate 23B Oil hole 23C, 25C Pipe 34, 35, 45 Flexible pipe mechanism (communication means)
34A Fixed joint 34B, 35B Flexible pipe 43 Switching valve 43A Valve body receiving hole 43B Valve seat 43C Stopper ring 43D Ball valve body A Reservoir chamber B Bottom side oil chamber C Rod side oil chamber

Claims (4)

A cylinder formed of an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder that is provided in the outer cylinder and filled with an oil liquid, and an annular shape that is defined between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder of the cylinder and in which the oil liquid and the gas are enclosed A reservoir chamber, a piston slidably fitted in the inner cylinder of the cylinder and defining two oil chambers in the inner cylinder, and one axial side attached to the piston and the other side of the cylinder In a horizontal cylinder device comprising a piston rod protruding outward, and an oil passage through which oil is circulated between the reservoir chamber and an oil chamber in the inner cylinder, wherein the cylinder is arranged horizontally,
The cylinder device can be attached by the attaching means at one end of the outer cylinder every 180 degrees in the rotation direction,
Regardless of the mounting direction when the cylinder is mounted, the oil passage is provided with communication means capable of communicating the oil in the reservoir chamber with the oil chamber in the inner cylinder ,
The communication means includes a first hole provided at two locations in the vertical direction of the inner cylinder, a first annular wall forming a first annular passage on the outer periphery of the first hole, and the first annular An orifice hole provided on one of the left and right sides of the wall in the horizontal direction and having an area smaller than the total area of the first hole, a second annular wall forming a second annular passage on the outer periphery of the orifice hole, and the second A horizontal cylinder device comprising a second hole provided on the other of the left and right sides of the annular wall in the horizontal direction and having a larger area than the total area of the first holes . A cylinder formed of an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder that is provided in the outer cylinder and filled with an oil liquid, and an annular shape that is defined between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder of the cylinder and in which the oil liquid and the gas are enclosed A reservoir chamber, a piston slidably fitted in the inner cylinder of the cylinder and defining two oil chambers in the inner cylinder, and one axial side attached to the piston and the other side of the cylinder In a horizontal cylinder device comprising a piston rod protruding outward, and an oil passage through which oil is circulated between the reservoir chamber and an oil chamber in the inner cylinder, wherein the cylinder is arranged horizontally,
The cylinder device can be attached by the attaching means at one end of the outer cylinder every 180 degrees in the rotation direction,
Regardless of the mounting direction when the cylinder is mounted, the oil passage is provided with communication means capable of communicating the oil in the reservoir chamber with the oil chamber in the inner cylinder,
The communication means is configured by a rocking pipe whose base end side is swingably attached to the reservoir chamber side opening of the oil passage, and whose distal end side which is a free end swings downward by its own weight,
The communicating means, wherein regardless of the mounting direction when mounting the cylinder, the reservoir chamber of the lower oil chamber and a horizontally you characterized by being configured so as to be able to communicate the cylinder within the inner cylinder apparatus. A cylinder formed of an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder that is provided in the outer cylinder and filled with an oil liquid, and an annular shape that is defined between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder of the cylinder and in which the oil liquid and the gas are enclosed A reservoir chamber, a piston slidably fitted in the inner cylinder of the cylinder and defining two oil chambers in the inner cylinder, and one axial side attached to the piston and the other side of the cylinder In a horizontal cylinder device comprising a piston rod protruding outward, and an oil passage through which oil is circulated between the reservoir chamber and an oil chamber in the inner cylinder, wherein the cylinder is arranged horizontally,
Regardless of the mounting direction when the cylinder is mounted, the oil passage is provided with communication means capable of communicating the oil in the reservoir chamber with the oil chamber in the inner cylinder,
The oil passage has a large number of openings arranged along the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral side of the inner cylinder of the cylinder,
The communication means includes any one of an annular rotating plate that is rotatably provided at a position that closes each opening of the oil passage on an outer peripheral side of the inner cylinder, and each opening of the oil passage that is provided on the annular rotating plate. lateral to the oil hole that can communicate, characterized in that the oil holes provided in the annular rotating plate is constituted by a weight which rotates the annular rotary plate so as to be positioned on the lower side of the reservoir chamber Place cylinder device. A cylinder formed of an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder that is provided in the outer cylinder and filled with an oil liquid, and an annular shape that is defined between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder of the cylinder and in which the oil liquid and the gas are enclosed A reservoir chamber, a piston slidably fitted in the inner cylinder of the cylinder and defining two oil chambers in the inner cylinder, and one axial side attached to the piston and the other side of the cylinder In a horizontal cylinder device comprising a piston rod protruding outward, and an oil passage through which oil is circulated between the reservoir chamber and an oil chamber in the inner cylinder, wherein the cylinder is arranged horizontally,
The cylinder device can be attached by the attaching means at one end of the outer cylinder every 180 degrees in the rotation direction,
Regardless of the mounting direction when the cylinder is mounted, the oil passage is provided with communication means capable of communicating the oil in the reservoir chamber with the oil chamber in the inner cylinder,
The oil passage has a radial passage that penetrates in a radial direction of a closing member that closes at least one oil chamber in the inner cylinder,
The communication means communicates an opening disposed on the lower side of the radial passage with the reservoir chamber and an oil chamber in the inner cylinder when the cylinder is disposed regardless of the mounting direction when the cylinder is mounted horizontally. And the horizontal cylinder apparatus characterized by comprising the switching valve which interrupts | blocks the opening arrange | positioned above with respect to the said reservoir chamber and the oil chamber in an inner cylinder.

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