JP5180451B2 - Sliding door structure for vehicles - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a sliding door structure.

  In general, an upper rail is provided at the upper part of the door opening, a lower rail is provided at the lower part, a slide rail is provided on the side of the vehicle body behind the door opening in the middle of the door opening, and guide rollers that roll on these rails are provided. A sliding door structure attached to the door body side is known.

  However, in the above slide door structure, since there is an upper rail, the interior space of the vehicle is reduced accordingly, and the rigidity of the side roof is reduced.

Therefore, a slide rail is attached to the inner wall surface of the door body, an armrest that can slide freely on the slide rail is provided, and a support unit that supports the armrest is installed on the vehicle body side. The slide door structure is configured so that the unit can slide the door body backwards by pushing the door body outward in the vehicle width direction via the armrest and sliding the slide rail side relative to the armrest. It has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 2003-120116 A

  However, in the conventional sliding door structure described above, an extrusion operation for pushing the door body outward in the vehicle width direction is performed, and then a slide operation for sliding the door body toward the rear of the vehicle body is performed. A switching mechanism is required, and the structure may be complicated.

  In addition, in the conventional sliding door structure described above, a lower rail is attached to the lower part of the door opening to support the lower part of the door body, and this lower rail has entered the inside of the vehicle body so that the vehicle body floor surface is effective. There is a problem that it cannot be used.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a sliding door structure that does not require an upper rail or a lower rail and has a simple configuration.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is provided only in a rear door opening formed in a vehicle body, a door body that is opened and closed with respect to the door opening, and a lower portion of the door opening. , the vehicle body-side hinge piece of the strip which is fixed to the side surface of the sill of the door opening downward, the door-side hinge piece fixed to the lower front face of the door body, and the other end one end on the vehicle body side hinge piece Are respectively attached to the door-side hinge piece and have a hinge mechanism having a belt-like connecting hinge piece, and provided at a middle position in the vertical direction of the door opening and on the side of the vehicle body behind the door opening. A slide rail, and a slide arm provided on the door body and having a guide roller attached to the end of the slide rail and capable of rolling within the slide rail. The vehicle body side hinge piece has a rear end portion and a vertical direction. Convex portions having through-holes are provided on both upper and lower side ends, respectively, and small cylindrical portions having vertical through-holes are provided on one end side and the other end side of the connecting hinge piece, respectively, on the intermediate portion in the vertical direction, The door-side hinge piece is provided with protrusions having through-holes in the vertical direction on both upper and lower ends, and is provided on one end side of the connecting hinge piece between the upper and lower protrusions of the vehicle body-side hinge piece. The small cylindrical portion is interposed, and a vehicle body side hinge pin is inserted into each through hole of the convex portion and the small cylindrical portion, and the connecting hinge piece is connected to the vehicle body side hinge piece, and the door side hinge piece The small cylindrical portion provided on the other end side of the connecting hinge piece is interposed between the upper and lower convex portions, and a door side hinge pin is inserted into each through hole of the convex portion and the small cylindrical portion. The door-side hinge piece is the connecting hinge. The vehicle body side hinge pin is disposed in front of the slide rail, and the length of the connection hinge piece is set to be longer than the length of the slide arm. The slide arm rotates around the hinge pin, and the door-side hinge piece rotates around the door-side hinge pin, and the guide arm of the slide arm rolls in the slide rail, and the slide arm The door body slides in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body while tilting with respect to the side surface of the vehicle body in a plan view by positioning the rotation locus of the hinge pin on the door side in front of the guide roller. When the door is fully opened, the door body is inclined with respect to the side surface of the vehicle body in plan view.
Further, the present invention is provided only in a front door opening formed in a vehicle body, a door body that is opened and closed with respect to the door opening, and a lower portion of the door opening, and below the door opening. A vehicle body side hinge piece fixed to the side surface of the side sill, a door side hinge piece fixed to the lower rear end surface of the door body, one end portion of the vehicle body side hinge piece and the other end portion of the door side hinge piece. A hinge mechanism having a connecting hinge piece that is attached to each other and has a belt-like shape, a slide rail provided at a middle position in the vertical direction of the door opening and in front of the door opening, and the door A slide arm provided with a guide roller mounted on the end of the slide rail, and having a vertical through hole at the front end thereof. And a small cylindrical portion having a through hole in the vertical direction is provided at each of the one end side and the other end side of the connecting hinge piece, respectively. Are provided with convex portions having through holes in the vertical direction on both upper and lower side ends, and between the upper and lower convex portions of the vehicle body side hinge piece, the small cylindrical portion provided on one end side of the connecting hinge piece. A vehicle body side hinge pin is inserted into each through hole of the convex portion and the small cylindrical portion, the connecting hinge piece is connected to the vehicle body side hinge piece, and the upper and lower convex portions of the door side hinge piece are interposed. The small cylindrical portion provided on the other end side of the connecting hinge piece is interposed between the portions, and a door side hinge pin is inserted into each through hole of the convex portion and the small cylindrical portion, so that the door side The hinge piece is connected to the connecting hinge piece, and the front The vehicle body side hinge pin is disposed behind the slide rail, and the length of the connecting hinge piece is set to be longer than the length of the slide arm. The door-side hinge piece rotates about the door-side hinge pin, and the slide arm rotates about the guide roller while the guide roller of the slide arm rolls within the slide rail. Then, by positioning the pivot locus of the door-side hinge pin behind the guide roller, the door body slides in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body while tilting with respect to the side surface of the vehicle body in plan view, and when the door is fully opened, the door The main body is characterized by being inclined with respect to the side surface of the vehicle body in plan view.

  According to the above configuration, the lower portion of the door body is supported by the hinge mechanism, and the intermediate portion in the vertical direction is supported by the slide arm and the slide rail, so that the upper rail and the lower rail are not required. Moreover, since it is the structure supported by one hinge mechanism, a structure does not become complicated and a structure is very simple.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to realize a sliding door structure that does not require an upper rail or a lower rail and has a simple configuration.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows an example in which a slide door structure according to the present invention is applied to a rear door portion. A door opening 2 is formed on the rear side surface of the vehicle body 1, and a rear slide door (not shown) is opened and closed as a door body in the door opening 2.

  A part of the hinge mechanism 3 is provided below the door opening 2. Details of the hinge mechanism 3 will be described later. Further, a slide rail 4 is provided at an intermediate position in the vertical direction of the door opening 2 and on the side of the vehicle body behind the door opening 2. In the present embodiment, no upper rail is provided at the upper part of the door opening 2 and no lower rail is provided at the lower part of the door opening 2.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the hinge mechanism 3 has a strip-like vehicle body side hinge piece 5 and a connecting hinge piece 6 which are long in the lateral direction, and the vehicle body side hinge piece 5 is screwed to the side surface of the side sill 7 below the door opening 2. 8 is attached. As shown in FIG. 3, the tip of the connecting hinge piece 6 is connected to a door-side hinge piece 12 attached to the front end face 9 </ b> A of the rear slide door 9 with a screw 10.

  Here, the detailed structure of the hinge mechanism 3 is demonstrated using FIG. The vehicle body side hinge piece 5 has projections 5A and 5B on the upper and lower sides on the rear end side, and through holes 5a and 5b are formed in the projections 5A and 5B, respectively. The connecting hinge piece 6 is provided with small cylindrical portions 6A and 6B at both ends, and through holes 6a and 6b are formed in the small cylindrical portions 6A and 6B along the axial direction. Then, after the small cylindrical portion 6A is interposed between the convex portions 5A and 5B of the vehicle body side hinge piece 5, the through holes 5a, 6a and 5b are coaxially aligned, and then the vehicle body side hinge pin 26 is connected to the through holes 5a and 5a. By being inserted into 6a and 5b, the vehicle body side hinge piece 5 and the connection hinge piece 6 are connected, and the connection hinge piece 6 is rotatable about the vehicle body side hinge pin 26 in the direction of arrow A (see FIG. 2). It has become.

  Further, the door-side hinge piece 12 has convex portions 12A and 12B on the upper and lower sides close to the passenger compartment, and through-holes 12a and 12b are formed in these convex portions 12A and 12B. Then, after the small cylindrical portion 6B of the connecting hinge piece 6 is interposed between the convex portions 12A and 12B of the door side hinge piece 12, the through holes 12a, 6b and 12b are coaxially aligned, and then the door side hinge pin 27 is placed. Is inserted into the through holes 12a, 6b, 12b, the connecting hinge piece 6 and the door side hinge piece 12 are connected, and the connecting hinge piece 6 is centered on the door side hinge pin 27 in the direction of arrow B (see FIG. 3). It is freely rotatable. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 5 </ b> C attached to the vehicle body side hinge piece 5 is a screw hole through which the screw 8 (see FIG. 2) is inserted, and reference numeral 12 </ b> C attached to the door side hinge piece 12 is the screw 10 (FIG. 3) is a screw hole to be inserted.

  FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the vicinity of the side sill 7 when the rear slide door 9 is fully closed with respect to the door opening 2. The side sill 7 has a sill outer panel 7A and a sill inner panel 7B, and the vehicle body side hinge piece 5 of the hinge mechanism 3 is attached to the sill outer panel 7A. The rear slide door 9 has a door outer panel 9 </ b> A and a door inner panel 9 </ b> B. When the rear slide door 9 is fully closed, the lower portion of the door inner panel 9 </ b> B is in close contact with the connecting hinge piece 6 of the hinge mechanism 3. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 13 denotes a floor panel whose side ends are joined to the sill inner panel 7B.

  Also, as shown in FIG. 3, an L-shaped slide arm 14 is provided on the rear inner wall surface of the rear slide door 9, and guide rollers 15 and 16 are rotatably attached to the front end portion thereof. . Although not shown in the drawing, the slide arm 14 is provided at the middle part in the vertical direction of the rear slide door 9.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, the slide rail 4 has a shape in which both end portions 4A, 4B of the channel material are folded inward, and a gap 4C between the both end portions 4A, 4B is interposed. The tip of the slide arm 14 is inserted into the slide rail 4. The slide arm 14 inserted into the slide rail 4 has a guide roller 15 at the tip at the bottom 4C and one end 4A of the channel material, and a guide roller 16 at the bottom 4C and the other end 4B of the channel material. When they contact each other and open and close the rear slide door 9, the guide rollers 15 and 16 move while rolling in the slide rail 4.

  Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

7A shows a state in which the rear slide door 9 is completely closed (fully closed state), FIG. 7B shows a state in which the rear slide door 9 is slightly opened, FIG. 7C shows a state in which the rear slide door 9 is further opened, and FIG. ) Indicates a fully opened state (fully opened state). 7 schematically shows the relationship between the vehicle body side hinge piece 5 and door side hinge piece 12 and the rear slide door 9, and the actual assembly of the hinge mechanism 3 shown in FIGS. There are places that do not match the structure.

In the fully closed state of (a), the vehicle body side hinge piece 5 and the connecting hinge piece 6 are positioned in parallel to the rear slide door 9, and the door side hinge piece 12 is in relation to the vehicle body side hinge piece 5 and the connecting hinge piece 6. It is almost right angle. Further, the slide arm 14 is fixed to the rear slide door 9, and in the fully closed state, the rear slide door 9 is positioned at the foremost part within the allowable movement range, so that the guide rollers 15 and 16 at the tip of the slide arm 14 are also at the forefront. Located in the department.

  When the rear slide door 9 is slightly opened (b), the connecting hinge piece 6 rotates counterclockwise about the vehicle body side hinge pin 26 (see FIG. 4). At this time, since the door-side hinge piece 12 fixed to the front end surface 9A (see FIG. 3) of the rear slide door 9 cannot be rotated, the connecting hinge piece 6 is centered on the door-side hinge pin 27 (see FIG. 4). It will rotate relative to the direction. As a result, the angle between the connecting hinge piece 6 and the door side hinge piece 12 is somewhat larger than the right angle. At this time, the slide arm 14 is slightly rotated counterclockwise around the guide rollers 15 and 16, and the guide rollers 15 and 16 move while rolling backward in the slide rail 4.

  When the rear slide door 9 is further opened (c), the connecting hinge piece 6 is further rotated counterclockwise around the vehicle body side hinge pin 26, and the connecting hinge piece 6 is relative to the vehicle body side hinge piece 5. Comes at a right angle. At this time, the angle between the connecting hinge piece 6 and the door-side hinge piece 12 is larger than that in the state (b). At this time, the slide arm 14 further rotates counterclockwise around the guide rollers 15 and 16, and the guide rollers 15 and 16 further move backward in the slide rail 4.

  In the fully opened state of (d), the connecting hinge piece 6 is largely rotated counterclockwise about the vehicle body side hinge pin 26, and the connecting hinge piece 6 and the door side hinge piece 12 are positioned on a substantially straight line. Further, the guide rollers 15 and 16 further move backward in the slide rail 4. At this time, the slide arm 14 is slightly rotated clockwise around the guide rollers 15 and 16.

  8 to 10 are perspective views sequentially showing how the rear slide door 9 is opened. FIG. 8 shows a state when the rear slide door 9 is fully closed, and FIG. 9 shows a state where the rear slide door 9 is half opened. FIG. 10 shows a state in which the rear slide door 9 is fully opened. As can be seen from FIGS. 9 and 10, the rear slide door 9 slides in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body while being tilted with respect to the side surface of the vehicle body in a plan view when opened and closed.

  According to the above configuration, since the lower portion of the door body is supported by the hinge mechanism 3 and the middle portion in the vertical direction is supported by the slide arm 14 and the slide rail 4, an upper rail and a lower rail are not necessary. Moreover, since it is the structure supported by the hinge mechanism 3, a structure does not become complicated and a structure becomes very simple.

  FIG. 11 shows a second embodiment. In the present embodiment, the vehicle body side hinge piece 5 ′ of the hinge mechanism 3 ′ is attached not to the side sill 7 but to the lower part of the rear pillar 17. The vehicle body side hinge piece 5 ′ is shorter in the lateral direction than the vehicle body side hinge piece 5 in the first embodiment. The connecting hinge piece 6 is the same as that of the first embodiment. The vehicle body side hinge piece 5 ′ is fixed to the lower portion of the rear pillar 17 by a screw 8 ′.

  In the case of the present embodiment, since the vehicle body side hinge piece 5 ′ is fixed to the lower portion of the rear pillar 17, the height position of the hinge mechanism 3 ′ is slightly higher than in the case of the first embodiment. The height position of the piece 12 (see FIG. 3) is also slightly higher than in the first embodiment.

  FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view of the vicinity of the side sill 7 when the rear slide door 9 is fully closed with respect to the door opening 2. The side sill 7 has a sill outer panel 7A and a sill inner panel 7B. The rear slide door 9 has a door outer panel 9A and a door inner panel 9B. When the rear slide door 9 is fully closed, the door inner panel 9B is in close contact with the connecting hinge piece 6 of the hinge structure 3 '. In this embodiment, the vehicle body side hinge piece 5 ′ and the connecting hinge piece 6 (that is, the hinge mechanism 3 ′) are located above the side sill 7.

  According to this embodiment, when the rear slide door 9 is fully closed, the side sill 7 is not hidden by the rear slide door 9, and the side sill 7 can be visually observed from the outside of the vehicle. An excellent vehicle can be realized.

  FIG. 13 shows a third embodiment. This embodiment is an example in which the sliding door structure according to the present invention is applied to a front door portion. That is, in this embodiment, a large hinge mechanism 19 is attached to the side surface of the side sill 7 below the door opening 18 on the front side. Further, a slide rail 20 is provided at an intermediate position in the vertical direction of the door opening 18 and on the side of the vehicle body in front of the door opening 18. The hinge mechanism 19 has substantially the same shape as the hinge mechanism 3 of the first embodiment. Also in this embodiment, no upper rail is provided above the door opening 18 and no lower rail is provided below the door opening 18.

  As shown in FIG. 14, the slide rail 20 is attached to the upper part of the front fender panel 21. The slide rail 20 has the same shape as the slide rail 4 shown in FIG. 6, and is arranged so that the opening end side thereof (that is, the gap side between both end portions folded inward) faces upward. Has been. A guide roller 23 at the tip of the slide arm 22 is disposed in the slide rail 20. The slide arm 22 is fixed to a front end portion of a front slide door (not shown) as a door body. In FIG. 14, reference numeral 24 denotes a bonnet.

  In the above configuration, when the front slide door is opened and closed, each hinge piece of the hinge mechanism 19 rotates, and the guide roller 23 at the tip of the slide arm 22 moves while rolling in the slide rail 20.

  If the hinge mechanism 19 is attached to the lower part of the front pillar 25 (see FIG. 13) instead of the side sill 7, the side sill 7 is moved to the front slide when the front slide door is fully closed as in the second embodiment. The side sill 7 can be seen from the outside of the vehicle without being hidden by the door, and a vehicle with excellent design can be realized.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, each of the above embodiments is only an example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited only to the configuration of each of the above embodiments. . Needless to say, changes in design and the like within the scope of the present invention are included in the present invention.

  For example, it is also possible to employ the sliding door structure according to the present invention on both the front side and the rear side by combining Example 1 and Example 3.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the sliding door structure according to the present invention is applied to a rear door portion according to the first embodiment. It is a perspective view of a vehicle body side hinge piece and a connecting hinge piece attached to a side sill. It is a figure which shows the door side hinge piece, slide arm, etc. which were attached to the rear slide door. It is a disassembled perspective view of a hinge mechanism. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the side sill vicinity when a rear slide door is fully closed with respect to a door opening part. It is a perspective view of the slide rail attached to the vehicle body side surface. It is a figure explaining the operation | movement of a hinge mechanism and a slide arm at the time of opening and closing of a rear slide door. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the vehicle with the rear slide door fully closed. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the vehicle with the rear slide door half open. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the vehicle with the rear slide door fully opened. FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a main part of a hinge mechanism attached to a side sill according to a second embodiment. In FIG. 11, it is the longitudinal cross-sectional view of the side sill vicinity when a rear slide door is fully closed with respect to a door opening part. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating Example 3 in which a sliding door structure according to the present invention is applied to a front door portion. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view of a slide rail attached to the upper part of a front fender panel.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2,18 Door opening part 3,3 ', 19 Hinge mechanism 4,20 Slide rail 5,5' Car body side hinge piece 6 Connection hinge piece 7 Side sill 9 Rear slide door 12 Door side hinge piece 14,22 Slide arm 15,16 , 23 Guide roller 26 Car body side hinge pin 27 Door side hinge pin

Claims (3)

A rear door opening formed in the vehicle body;
A door body that is opened and closed with respect to the door opening;
A belt-like body-side hinge piece that is provided only at a lower portion of the door opening and is fixed to a side surface of a side sill below the door opening, a door-side hinge piece that is fixed to a lower front end surface of the door body, and one end portion A hinge mechanism having a connecting hinge piece that is attached to the door-side hinge piece and the other end part is attached to the door-side hinge piece and has a band shape;
A slide rail provided at the middle of the door opening in the vertical direction and on the side of the vehicle body behind the door opening;
A slide arm provided on the door body and having a guide roller attached to an end of the slide rail and capable of rolling in the slide rail;
The vehicle body side hinge piece is provided with a convex portion having a through hole in the vertical direction at the rear end portion thereof at both the upper and lower side ends,
On one end side and the other end side of the connecting hinge piece, a small cylindrical portion having a through hole in the vertical direction is provided in the intermediate portion in the vertical direction, respectively.
The door-side hinge piece is provided with convex portions having through holes in the vertical direction at both upper and lower ends,
The small cylindrical portion provided on one end side of the connecting hinge piece is interposed between the upper and lower convex portions of the vehicle body side hinge piece, and the through holes of the convex portion and the small cylindrical portion are disposed on the vehicle body side. A hinge pin is inserted, and the connecting hinge piece is connected to the vehicle body side hinge piece,
The small cylindrical portion provided on the other end side of the connecting hinge piece is interposed between the upper and lower convex portions of the door-side hinge piece, and a door is provided in each through hole of the convex portion and the small cylindrical portion. A side hinge pin is inserted, and the door side hinge piece is connected to the connecting hinge piece,
The vehicle body side hinge pin is disposed in front of the slide rail,
The length of the connecting hinge piece is set longer than the length of the slide arm,
When the door is opened and closed, the connecting hinge piece rotates about the vehicle body side hinge pin, the door side hinge piece rotates about the door side hinge pin, and the guide roller of the slide arm moves inside the slide rail. , The sliding arm rotates about the guide roller, and the rotation locus of the door-side hinge pin is positioned forward of the guide roller, so that the door body can be A sliding door structure for a vehicle, which slides in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body while tilting with respect to the vehicle body, and the door body is inclined with respect to the side surface of the vehicle body in a plan view when the door is fully opened. A front door opening formed in the vehicle body;
A door body that is opened and closed with respect to the door opening;
A belt-like body-side hinge piece that is provided only at a lower portion of the door opening and is fixed to a side surface of a side sill below the door opening, a door-side hinge piece fixed to a lower rear end surface of the door body, and one end portion A hinge mechanism having a connecting hinge piece that is attached to the door-side hinge piece and the other end part is attached to the door-side hinge piece and has a band shape;
A slide rail provided at an intermediate position in the vertical direction of the door opening and on the side of the vehicle body in front of the door opening;
A slide arm provided on the door body and having a guide roller attached to an end of the slide rail and capable of rolling in the slide rail;
The vehicle body side hinge piece is provided at the front end thereof with convex portions having through holes in the vertical direction on both upper and lower ends,
On one end side and the other end side of the connecting hinge piece, a small cylindrical portion having a through hole in the vertical direction is provided in the intermediate portion in the vertical direction, respectively.
The door-side hinge piece is provided with convex portions having through holes in the vertical direction at both upper and lower ends,
The small cylindrical portion provided on one end side of the connecting hinge piece is interposed between the upper and lower convex portions of the vehicle body side hinge piece, and the through holes of the convex portion and the small cylindrical portion are disposed on the vehicle body side. A hinge pin is inserted, and the connecting hinge piece is connected to the vehicle body side hinge piece,
The small cylindrical portion provided on the other end side of the connecting hinge piece is interposed between the upper and lower convex portions of the door-side hinge piece, and a door is provided in each through hole of the convex portion and the small cylindrical portion. A side hinge pin is inserted, and the door side hinge piece is connected to the connecting hinge piece,
The vehicle body side hinge pin is disposed behind the slide rail,
The length of the connecting hinge piece is set longer than the length of the slide arm,
When the door is opened and closed, the connecting hinge piece rotates about the vehicle body side hinge pin, the door side hinge piece rotates about the door side hinge pin, and the guide roller of the slide arm moves inside the slide rail. , The sliding arm rotates about the guide roller, and the rotation locus of the door-side hinge pin is positioned behind the guide roller, so that the door body can be seen from the side of the vehicle body in plan view. A sliding door structure for a vehicle, which slides in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body while tilting with respect to the vehicle body, and the door body is inclined with respect to the side surface of the vehicle body in a plan view when the door is fully opened.   The vehicle slide door structure according to claim 2, wherein the slide rail is disposed on an upper portion of a front fender panel, and the slide rail is covered with the bonnet when the bonnet is closed.

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