JP3904001B2 - Support structure for vehicle sliding door - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention is a sliding door provided in a cargo box (loading chamber) of a freight vehicle such as a freezer car or an aluminum van, for example, and slides in the surface direction to open and close the opening of the vehicle. About.

As shown in FIG. 6, a slide door 1 is provided on, for example, a side portion of the cargo box 6 of the freight vehicle M so as to slide in the vehicle front-rear direction (left-right direction in the figure) to open and close the opening. The sliding door 1 is positioned at a position that is substantially flush with the side plate of the cargo box 6 in the closed state, and is positioned at a position that overlaps the outside of the side plate in the opened state. For this reason, this type of sliding door 1 is opened and closed by sliding in the surface direction while being displaced in the plate thickness direction. As a support structure for the load box opening of the slide door 1, a structure disclosed in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 61-23463 is known.
As shown in FIG. 7 with the aid of FIG. 3 of the publication, this conventional support structure has a sliding door 1 attached to guide rails 3 and 3 having a U-shaped cross section attached along the upper and lower edges of the vehicle opening. It is the structure which engaged the guide rollers 4-4 attached to the side so that rolling was possible.
The front side (the left end side in the figure) of the upper and lower guide rails 3 and 3 is curved toward the indoor side (the upper side in the figure) in order to displace the slide door 1 in the plate thickness direction. Of the front and rear guide rollers that roll along the upper and lower guide rails 3, 3, the front guide rollers 4 to 4 are attached to the upper and lower front ends of the slide door 1 so as to protrude to the indoor side. It is supported via the roller bracket 2. Thus, the slide door 1 is configured to be opened and closed left and right while being displaced in the plate thickness direction (vertical direction in the figure).
Further, among the upper and lower roller brackets, particularly the upper roller bracket 2 is supported via a support shaft 5 so as to be rotatable in the horizontal direction. In a state where the slide door 1 is opened, the roller bracket 2 is rotated in the direction in which the protruding dimension to the indoor side increases (counterclockwise direction in the drawing), so that the slide door 1 can be sufficiently moved to the outdoor side. A displacement amount can be secured. On the other hand, when the slide door 1 is closed, the roller bracket 5 is rotated in a direction (clockwise direction in the drawing) in which the protruding dimension toward the indoor side is reduced, thereby moving the roller bracket 5 toward the indoor side of the guide rail 3. The projecting dimension (the amount of bending) is reduced, so that more room space (loading space) in the packing box 6 can be secured.
Thus, by rotating the roller bracket 5 mainly on the upper front side of the slide door 1 in the horizontal direction in accordance with the opening / closing operation of the slide door 1, a sufficient amount of displacement of the slide door 1 in the plate thickness direction is secured. On the other hand, the amount of protrusion (bending amount) of the guide rail 3 to the room side can be minimized, and thereby a larger luggage space can be secured.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 61-23463 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-4128

However, the conventional structure for supporting the sliding door 1 has the following problems to be solved. That is, two guide rollers 4 and 4 are attached to the roller bracket 2 at a predetermined interval, and each roller rolls along the guide rail 3 to open and close the guide rail of the roller bracket 2 when the sliding door is opened and closed. It is the structure which regulates the displacement (behavior) with respect to a fixed state.
In the case of this configuration, the diameter of the guide roller 4 is appropriately set with respect to the interval between the two guide walls of the guide rail 3 facing each other, and one of the two guide rollers 4 and 4 is guided by the guide roller 4. The two guide rollers 4 and 4 are smoothly rolled by rolling along one of the two guide walls of the rail and the other guide roller 4 rolling along the other guide wall. It has become. For this reason, a gap of a certain level or more exists between the one guide roller 4 and the other guide wall and between the other guide roller 4 and the one guide wall. There is a problem that 4 is rattle (play of the guide roller) in the guide rail 3 and this causes rattling (flapping) of the sliding door 1 due to rattling in the rotation direction of the roller bracket.
Further, in order to reduce the amount of protrusion of the guide rail 3 into the room while ensuring a sufficient amount of displacement of the slide door 1 in the plate thickness direction, the roller bracket is lengthened and the guide rollers 4 and 4 are rotated. It is conceivable to increase the radius or increase the rotation angle of the roller bracket. However, when the roller bracket is lengthened, the play due to the gap between the guide rollers 4 and 4 and the guide rail 3 is further amplified, and the flutter in the thickness direction of the slide door 1 and the play in the opening and closing direction become large. As a result, it becomes difficult to open and close the sliding door 1 smoothly.
Further, when the rotation angle of the roller bracket is increased, it is necessary to roll two guide rollers 4 and 4 fixed at a fixed distance from each other across the curved portion and the straight portion of the guide rail 3. In addition, the gap itself between the guide rollers 4 and 4 and the guide wall of the guide rail 3 becomes large, and the same problem as described above occurs.
The present invention has been made to solve this problem. Even if the rotation angle of the roller bracket is set to be large in order to reduce the protruding dimension of the guide rail to the vehicle interior side, the guide roller rattles against the guide rail. An object of the present invention is to provide a support structure for a sliding door that can be greatly reduced as compared with the prior art.

For this reason, the present invention provides a support structure having the structure described in each claim.
According to the support structure of the first aspect, the guide roller is provided on the roller bracket by providing the guide roller that rolls on the guide wall on the vehicle interior side and the guide roller that rolls on the guide wall on the vehicle exterior side. By moving between the curved portion and the straight portion of the guide rail, the roller bracket rotates horizontally, and thereby the slide door is displaced in the plate thickness direction.
When the guide roller enters the curved portion of the guide rail, the roller bracket rotates in a direction opposite to the direction projecting toward the vehicle interior side with respect to the slide door. Displaces inward. On the other hand, when the guide roller enters the linear portion of the guide rail, the roller bracket rotates in a direction projecting toward the vehicle interior side with respect to the slide door, so that the slide door is relatively moved in the plate thickness direction. Displaces outside the room.
When the sliding door is closed, it is positioned flush with the side of the vehicle body. When the sliding door is open, the sliding door is positioned in the thickness direction in order to be positioned on the vehicle body side so as to overlap the outside of the passenger compartment. It is necessary to displace more than a certain dimension. In order to reduce the protrusion of the roller bracket to the vehicle interior (closed amount of the guide rail) in the closed state while securing a certain amount of displacement in the thickness direction of the sliding door, the roller bracket is set to be long. It is effective to do. In this specification, the length of the roller bracket refers to the distance between the pivot point and the intermediate point between the two guide rollers.
By setting the roller bracket to be long in this manner, the displacement of the sliding door in the plate thickness direction is secured to a certain dimension or more, and the amount of bending of the guide rail toward the vehicle interior is reduced to ensure a wide cargo space. be able to.
Moreover, the amount of curve of the guide rail can also be set small by setting the rotation angle of the roller bracket to be large and reducing the amount of protrusion of the roller bracket into the vehicle interior when the slide door is closed. .
However, in order to smoothly roll the guide roller that has entered between the two guide walls facing each other as described above, with respect to the guide rail, each guide roller is moved to one of the two guide walls. It is necessary to set the diameter of the guide roller and the distance between the guide walls appropriately so that only a small distance between the guide wall and the other guide wall is generated. Due to the gap between the guide roller and the guide wall, the guide roller has play in the width direction of the guide rail. Due to the play of the guide roller, the roller bracket is rattled in the rotational direction. This backlash is amplified as the roller bracket becomes longer. Further, the play in the guide rail of the guide roller needs to be set larger as the rotation angle of the roller bracket is increased.

According to the support structure of the first aspect, the rotation angle of the roller bracket is regulated and the guide roller is held in contact with the guide wall of the guide rail. The backlash of the rotation direction of the roller bracket can be greatly suppressed, and accordingly the length of the roller bracket can be set longer or the rotation angle of the roller bracket can be set larger to reduce the bending amount of the guide rail. As a result, the protruding amount of the guide rail to the vehicle interior side can be reduced.
According to the support structure of the second aspect, the restriction pin is inserted into the restriction hole, and the rotation range (rotation angle) of the roller bracket is restricted to a certain range, whereby the gap between the guide roller and the guide wall is set. As a result, it is possible to greatly suppress the backlash of the roller bracket generated by the above-mentioned, so that the amount of bending of the guide rail into the vehicle interior can be increased by setting the roller bracket longer or setting the rotation angle of the roller bracket larger. Thus, a large cargo space (vehicle interior space) can be secured.
According to the support structure of the third aspect, the rotation angle of the roller bracket is regulated by the side portion of the roller bracket coming into contact with the stopper member provided on the slide door, and the same effect as the above is obtained. Obtainable.

Next, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a slide door 10 supported on a side portion of a cargo box 6 of a cargo vehicle M by a support structure according to a first embodiment described below. The sliding door 10 is supported with respect to the vehicle opening at one location on the upper edge side in the closing direction (hereinafter simply referred to as the upper front side) and two locations on the lower edge side. The slide door 10 according to the present embodiment is characterized by a support structure at one location on the front side. About the support structure of two places on the lower edge side, a support structure similar to the conventional one is sufficient, and no particular change is required in this embodiment.
A vertical roller 30 having a horizontal rotation axis and a horizontal roller 31 having a vertical rotation axis are rotatably disposed at two positions on the lower edge side of the slide door 10 at the front and rear. The vertical rollers 30 and 30 and the horizontal rollers 31 and 31 are respectively rolled on guide rails (not shown) provided along the lower part of the vehicle opening. The sliding door 10 is subjected to its own weight by the front and rear vertical rollers 30 and 30, and the displacement of the sliding door 10 mainly in the plate thickness direction is regulated by the front and rear horizontal rollers 31 and 31. The lower part of the slidably supported by the vehicle opening.
Of the two front and rear positions on the lower edge side of the slide door 10, the vertical roller 30 and the horizontal roller 31 on the rear side in the closing direction are arranged on the lower edge of the slide door 10 as described above, and more than this. In some cases, the guide rail is arranged on the side of the vehicle and substantially along the height of the waist. The embodiment described below can be similarly applied to such a support structure.

Now, the details of the support structure on the front upper end side of the slide door 10 are shown in FIG. A roller bracket 11 is supported on the upper surface in front of the upper end of the slide door 10 via a support shaft 12 so as to be rotatable in the horizontal direction. Two guide rollers (hereinafter referred to as a front roller 13 and a rear roller 14) are rotatably supported on the front end side of the roller bracket 11 at regular intervals in the front-rear direction. Both guide rollers 13 and 14 are rotatably supported via support shafts 13a and 14a attached along the vertical direction. Therefore, both guide rollers 13 and 14 are supported so as to be horizontally rotatable around a vertical rotation axis.
Both guide rollers 13 and 14 roll along a guide rail 20 attached along the upper edge of the vehicle opening. The guide rail 20 has a U-shaped cross section and is attached in a direction that opens downward. The guide rail 20 includes a guide wall 20a on the vehicle interior side and a guide wall 20b on the vehicle exterior side that face each other at a constant interval. Guide rollers 13 and 14 enter between the guide walls 20a and 20b.
The front portion of the guide rail 20 is curved toward the indoor side as in the prior art. In the following description, a portion curved to the indoor side is referred to as a curved portion 20W, and a portion other than the curved portion 20W and parallel to the side surface of the packing box 6 is referred to as a straight portion 20L.

A restriction hole 11 a is provided between the support shaft 12 and the front roller 13 in the approximate center of the roller bracket 11. The restriction hole 11a is formed in an arc-shaped long groove hole along an arc centered on the support shaft 12 as shown in the figure. A restriction pin 15 is inserted into the restriction hole 11a. The restriction pin 15 is fixed to the upper surface of the slide door 10 so as to protrude upward from the upper surface of the slide door 10. Since the restriction pin 15 is inserted into the restriction hole 11a, the rotation angle of the roller bracket 11 around the support shaft 12 is within a certain range (the restriction pin 15 is relatively movable in the restriction hole 11a). The scope of
That is, the rotation angle of the roller bracket 11 that rotates when the guide rollers 13 and 14 move between the curved portion 20W and the straight portion 20L of the guide rail 20 in accordance with the opening / closing operation of the slide door 10 is within a certain range. As a result, backlash in the thickness direction of the slide door 10 is suppressed.
The movement of the roller bracket 11 is shown in FIG. As shown on the upper side in the figure, when the slide door 10 is closed, the front and rear guide rollers 13, 14 are positioned on the curved portion 20 </ b> W of the guide rail 20. The curved portion 20W of the guide rail 20 is curved toward the vehicle interior side (the direction rising upward in FIG. 4). For this reason, as a result of the guide rollers 13 and 14 being positioned in the curved portion 20W, the roller bracket 11 is rotated clockwise with respect to the slide door 10 about the support shaft 12, as a result. The restriction pin 15 is relatively engaged with the indoor side end (the upper end in the figure) of the restriction hole 11a.

In the closed state of the slide door 10, the front roller 13 is in contact with the guide wall 20b on the outdoor side of the guide rail 20, and the rear roller 14 is in contact with the guide wall 20a on the indoor side as shown in the figure. Therefore, there are slight gaps 13b and 14b between the front roller 13 and the indoor guide wall 20a, and between the rear roller 14 and the outdoor guide wall 20b, respectively. In the figure, the gaps 13b and 14b are exaggerated in order to clearly show them, but in reality, the gaps 13b and 14b have a very small width.
If there is no restriction pin 15 due to the presence of the gaps 13b and 14b, the roller bracket 11 can be further rotated by a slight angle in the clockwise direction by the gaps 13b and 14b. Become. However, according to the support structure of the present embodiment, the roller bracket 11 is provided with the restriction hole 11a, and in the closed state, the restriction pin 15 is in contact with the outdoor end of the restriction hole 11a. Therefore, even if the gaps 13b and 14b exist, the front roller 13 is kept in contact with the outdoor guide wall 20b and the rear roller 14 is kept in contact with the indoor guide wall 20a. As a result, the clockwise rotation of the roller bracket 11 is restricted, and rattling or fluttering of the sliding door 10 is greatly suppressed as compared with the conventional case.

When the slide door 10 is slid to the right in the figure to open it from the closed state, at the stage where both the guide rollers 13 and 14 are located in the curved portion 20W of the guide rail 20, the slide door 10 is rattled for the reasons described above. The sliding door 10 is slid rearward (rightward in the figure) while moving parallel to the outdoor side (downward in the figure) in a state where the above is suppressed.
When the guide rollers 13 and 14 enter the linear portion 20L from the curved portion 20W of the guide rail 20 as the slide door 10 moves, the roller bracket 11 is moved from the positional relationship between the guide rollers 13 and 14 and the support shaft 12. It rotates in the counterclockwise direction shown in the figure (the direction projecting to the outdoor side) about the support shaft 12, and as a result, the slide door 10 is relatively translated to the outdoor side.
Further, when the roller bracket 11 is rotated in the illustrated counterclockwise direction with respect to the slide door 10, the restriction pin 15 is relatively moved from the indoor side end portion of the restriction hole 11a toward the outdoor side end portion. When both the guide rollers 13 and 14 enter the linear portion 20L, the restricting pin 15 is engaged with the outdoor end of the restricting hole 11a, thereby rotating the roller bracket 11 in the counterclockwise direction shown in the drawing. It becomes a regulated state. In this state, the front roller 13 is held in contact with the indoor guide wall 20a, and the rear roller 14 is held in contact with the outdoor guide wall 20b. Therefore, in this state, a gap 13c is generated between the front roller 13 and the outdoor guide wall 20b, and a gap 14c exists between the rear roller 14 and the indoor guide wall 20a. For this reason, if the restriction pin 15 does not exist, the roller bracket 11 can be further rotated toward the vehicle interior by the gaps 13c and 14c, which causes the play of the slide door 10.
However, in this case, since the regulation pin 15 is in contact with the outdoor end of the regulation hole 11a, the roller bracket 11 rotates counterclockwise even in the presence of the gaps 13c and 14c. The movement is restricted. Further, the rotation of the roller bracket 11 in the clockwise direction in the figure is restricted by the front roller 13 being in contact with the indoor guide wall 20a and the rear roller 14 being in contact with the outdoor guide wall 20b. Has been. For this reason, the backlash of the rotation direction of the roller bracket 11 is suppressed, and thereby the backlash and flutter of the slide door 10 can be significantly suppressed.
The support structure according to the first embodiment corresponds to an embodiment of the invention described in claim 1 or claim 2.

According to the support structure of the first embodiment described above, the rotation angle of the roller bracket 11 having the two guide rollers 13 and 14 is restricted to a certain range by the restriction pin 15, so that two guides are always provided. One of the rollers 13 and 14 is in contact with one guide wall 20a (20b) of the guide rail 20, and the other guide roller 14 (13) is in contact with the other guide wall 20b (20a). Since the contact state is maintained, even if there are gaps 13c and 14c between the guide rollers 13 and 14 and the guide walls 20a and 20b, it is possible to prevent the roller bracket 11 from rattling in the rotational direction. it can.
According to this, even if the length of the roller bracket 11 (the distance indicated by the dimension L1 in FIG. 3, the same applies hereinafter) is increased, the backlash in the rotational direction of the roller bracket 11 due to the gaps 13c and 14c is amplified. Therefore, the roller bracket 11 can be made sufficiently long. By setting the roller bracket 11 to be long, it is possible to reduce the amount of protrusion of the guide rail 20 into the room (the amount of bending, dimension L2 in FIG. 2) while ensuring the necessary displacement in the thickness direction of the slide door 10. This makes it possible to secure a larger cargo space.
Further, the protruding amount of the guide rail 20 to the vehicle interior side can be reduced by increasing the rotation angle of the roller bracket 11 and reducing the extension dimension of the roller bracket 11 to the vehicle interior side with the slide door 10 closed. L2 can be reduced. However, when the rotation angle of the roller bracket 11 is increased, the gaps 13c and 14c between the guide rollers 13 and 13 and the guide walls 20a and 20b of the guide rail 20 are consequently increased. However, according to the illustrated support structure, rattling of the roller bracket 11 is suppressed regardless of the presence (size) of the gaps 13c and 14c, and thus the roller bracket while suppressing fluttering of the slide door 10 in the plate thickness direction. 11 can be increased to reduce the protrusion amount L2 of the guide rail 20 toward the vehicle interior side.
Further, in order to reduce the backlash in the thickness direction of the slide door 10, the diameter of the guide rollers 13 and 14 and the distance between the guide walls 20a and 20b of the guide rail 20 are set with high accuracy so that the gaps 13c and 14c are formed. A method of making it as small as possible can also be adopted. However, according to the illustrated support structure, rattling of the roller bracket 11 and thus the sliding door 10 can be prevented without significantly increasing the accuracy of these members, so that the production cost and assembly cost of each member are increased. There is nothing.
Further, according to the illustrated support structure, the external force and inertia applied to the slide door 10 can be received in a distributed manner even when the restriction pin 15 engages with the restriction hole 11a and the roller bracket 11, so that the guide roller 13, 14 and the supporting shafts 13a and 14a that support the same can be reduced, whereby the wear of each part due to the use of the slide door 10 can be reduced, and the durability of the support mechanism can be enhanced. .

Various modifications can be made to the embodiment described above. For example, the configuration in which the restriction pin 15 is provided on the slide door 10 side and the restriction hole 11a is provided on the roller bracket 11 side is illustrated, but conversely, the restriction pin is provided on the roller bracket side and the restriction hole is provided on the slide door side. Also good.
In addition, the configuration in which the rotation angle of the roller bracket 11 is regulated by inserting and engaging the regulation pin 15 in the regulation hole 11 a provided in the roller bracket 11 is exemplified. Instead, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, stopper members 16 and 17 are arranged at appropriate positions on the upper surface of the slide door 10 on both sides of the rotation direction of the roller bracket 11, and the stopper member 16 (or 17) is disposed on the stopper member 16 (or 17). It is good also as a structure (2nd Embodiment) which regulates the rotation angle of the said roller bracket 11 to a fixed range by making the side part of the roller bracket 11 contact | abut.
Even with the support structure according to the second embodiment, when the guide rollers 13 and 14 enter the curved portion 20W of the guide rail 20 (the slide door 10 is closed), the roller bracket 11 rotates in the clockwise direction in the drawing. The movement is restricted by the stopper member 16. Further, when the guide rollers 13 and 14 enter the linear portion 20L of the guide rail 20 (in a state where the slide door 10 is opened), the rotation of the roller bracket 11 in the counterclockwise direction shown in the figure is restricted by the stopper member 17. .
For this reason, even if the clearances 13c and 14c between the guide rollers 13 and 14 and the side walls 20a and 20b of the guide rail 20 are present, it is possible to greatly suppress the backlash in the rotational direction of the roller bracket 11, The rotation angle of the roller bracket 11 is increased to reduce the amount of protrusion of the roller bracket 11 toward the vehicle interior when the slide door 10 is closed, thereby reducing the amount of bending of the guide rail 20 and the chamber. The protruding amount L2 toward the inside can be reduced.
The second embodiment corresponds to an embodiment of the invention described in claim 1 or claim 3.
Moreover, although the case where it applied to the support structure of the upper front side of a slide door was illustrated in 1st and 2nd embodiment demonstrated above, the support structure illustrated to the other site | part can also be applied.
Furthermore, the slide door 10 provided on the side of the cargo box is illustrated, but the present invention is also applicable to a slide door provided on the rear surface of the cargo box or a slide door of a one-box vehicle that is slid directly supported on the side of the vehicle body. be able to.

It is a side view of a slide door provided with a support structure concerning an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of a support structure on the upper front side of the sliding door, and is an enlarged view of (2) part of FIG. 1. It is a top view which shows the support structure of the upper front side of a sliding door, Comprising: It is the (3) arrow directional view of FIG. It is a top view which shows the operation state of the roller bracket and guide roller accompanying the movement of a slide door. It is a top view of the support structure concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is a side view of the freight vehicle provided with the slide door in the side part of the packing box. It is a top view which shows the support structure of the conventional slide door. This figure is a drawing that incorporates FIG. 3 of Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 61-23463.

Explanation of symbols

M ... freight vehicle 1 ... slide door 2 ... roller bracket 3 ... guide rail 4 ... guide roller 5 ... support shaft 6 ... cargo box 10 ... slide door 11 ... roller bracket, 11a ... restriction hole 12 ... support shaft 13 ... guide roller (guide roller) in front)
13a ... support shaft, 13b ... gap with the indoor guide wall, 13c ... gap with the outdoor guide wall 14 ... guide roller (rear side)
14a ... Spindle, 14b ... Moment with the outdoor guide wall, 14c ... Gap 15 with the indoor guide wall 15 ... Regulation pin 20 ... Guide rail, 20a ... Guide wall on the indoor side, 20b ... Guide wall 20W on the outdoor side Curved portion of guide rail, 20L ... Linear portion L1 of guide rail ... Length L2 of roller bracket ... Bending amount of guide rail

Claims (3)

The guide rail casing is supported by a roller bracket that is pivotable in a horizontal direction around a support shaft provided in the slide door, and the front end of the roller bracket is curved toward the interior of the casing. A guide roller that rolls along the inner guide wall and a guide roller that rolls along the outer guide wall of the vehicle compartment are rotatably supported, and the curved portion and the straight portion of the guide rail of the guide roller. A support structure for the slide door that opens and closes the opening of the vehicle while displacing the slide door in the plate thickness direction by rotation of the roller bracket about the support shaft as it moves between,
The rotation angle of the roller bracket is configured to be regulated, and the regulating configuration is
In the closed state, a regulation for maintaining the front guide roller in the closing direction in contact with the outdoor guide wall of the guide rail and maintaining the rear guide roller in contact with the indoor guide wall of the guide rail;
When the slide door is slid from the closed state and both guide rollers enter the straight portion from the curved portion of the guide rail as the slide door moves, the front guide roller is guided to the indoor side of the guide rail. A sliding door support structure that is configured to be in contact with a wall and to maintain the rear guide roller in contact with the outdoor guide wall of the guide rail . The support structure according to claim 1,
As a configuration for restricting the rotation angle of the roller bracket, a restriction pin is provided in one of the roller bracket or the slide door, a restriction hole is provided in the other, and the restriction pin is inserted into the restriction hole. The sliding door support structure is configured such that the rotation angle of the restriction pin is restricted within a range in which the restriction pin is relatively movable in the restriction hole. The support structure according to claim 1,
A slide door support structure in which a stopper member for restricting the rotation angle of the slide door by contacting a side portion of the roller bracket is provided on the slide door as a configuration for regulating the rotation angle of the roller bracket.

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