JP5174786B2 - Rafter unit for roof construction, roof construction block and roof construction method of building - Google Patents

Description

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is an improvement of a roof unit material, specifically, a roof structure capable of constructing a roof structure excellent in load resistance, and facilitates transportation and construction work, improves safety, and shortens the construction period. The present invention relates to a rafter unit for assembly and a roof construction method using the rafter unit.

  In recent years, wooden frame construction methods (conventional construction methods) and wooden frame construction methods (2 × 4 construction methods) have become mainstream in the construction methods of wooden houses. A method was adopted in which complex processing such as joints and joints that require special skills was performed in the factory in advance, and this pre-cut structural material was assembled on site.

  However, the construction method using the pre-cut structural material described above still requires work to assemble a large amount of structural material on site, so the worker must work at a high place for a long time, and the efficiency and safety of construction work. There was a problem in terms of

  Therefore, conventionally, a small roof unit in which a shed bundle and a main building, an upper part of a rafter, and a purlin are integrated in a factory or the like is placed in advance on a shed beam with a crane or the like. The technique (refer patent document 1) which fixed the fence-like unit which arranged the lower part of the rafter side by side and connected it with the eaves girder, and was able to construct | assemble a small roof efficiently was proposed.

  However, the small roof constructed by the above construction method has a load resistance that satisfies the requirements of the Building Standards Act, but is required to have a load resistance higher than the Building Standards Act in areas with a large amount of snow. The structural strength tends to be insufficient.

  Further, in the method for constructing the small roof, the small roof unit includes a bunch of huts. Therefore, the size of the unit becomes very large, and it is easy to carry the truck and to lift the crane. Moreover, because the fence-shaped unit also had to be attached to the purlin or eaves girder while being suspended by a crane, the work was very difficult, and the advantages of unitization were not fully utilized.

JP-A-9-170286 (page 2-5, FIGS. 1-4)

  The present invention has been made in view of the problems as described above. The object of the present invention is to build a roof structure having excellent load resistance, and to facilitate transportation and construction work. Another object of the present invention is to provide a rafter unit material for roofing that can improve safety and shorten the construction period, and a roof construction method using the same.

  Means employed by the present inventor for solving the above-described problems will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

That is, the present invention includes a joint material 11, 11 combined in a mountain shape, a horizontal member 12 laid over the inner crotch of the joint material 11, 11, the horizontal member 12 and the joint material 11, 11. A unit frame material 1 comprising a vertical member 13 connecting the tops of the vertical members 13, and diagonal members 14 and 14 obliquely provided on both sides of the vertical member 13 from both sides of the vertical member 13;
It is placed on the purlins M and M located on the two pillars Y and Y that stand on the beam member X between the eaves beams N and N of the building structure H, and the horizontal material 11 and 11 around both sides of the triangle portion T that will be formed from the bridging member 12., fixed superposed so as to cover the entire inner side members 13 and diagonal members 14, 14, triangle portion T and substantially the same shape of the gusset plate 2・ Including 2,
The load applied to the joint members 11 and 11 and the horizontal member 12 of the unit skeleton member 1 is characterized in that the components in the triangle portion T and the gusset plates 2 and 2 complementarily reinforce each other so that they can be dispersed and absorbed. There is.

  In addition to the above-described means, the present invention may employ technical means for improving strength and reducing costs by using a structural plywood for the gusset plate 2.

  On the other hand, the present invention can also employ a technical means for producing the roof assembly block B by arranging the rafter unit materials U having the above-described configuration in a row at a predetermined interval and connecting them with the horizontal timbers 5. .

  Further, the present invention provides a technical means for constructing a framework of the entire roof by sequentially arranging and fixing the roof frame block B having the above-described configuration on the main buildings M and M in the building structure H being built in the row direction. Can also be adopted.

  Furthermore, the present invention provides a unit skeleton of the rafter unit material U using the bar fittings 41 and the battledore bolts 42 which are the connecting fittings 4 after the roof building block B is arranged on the purlins M and M in the above roof construction method. It is also possible to adopt a technical means for connecting and fixing both ends of the material 1 and the eaves beams N and N.

  In the present invention, a rafter unit is manufactured including a joint material and a horizontal member that spans the inside, and a plurality of the rafter units are arranged and connected by a crossbar to form a roof assembly block. If it is made in advance and brought into the field, it is possible to easily construct a small roof simply by placing the roof building block on the existing main building with a crane or the like.

  Also, in the small roof, the load applied to the rafter unit's joint material and horizontal member is effectively reduced by the reinforcement material provided on the inner side of the joint member and the horizontal member, and the gusset plates attached to the front and rear of the reinforcing member. Since it can be dispersed and absorbed, load resistance can be improved.

  Moreover, since it is not necessary to include a shed bundle or a purlin in the roof assembly block made of the rafter unit, it can be transported in a compact size, and lifting work with a crane is facilitated. Moreover, since it is not necessary to carry out attachment while hanging with a crane, work can be speeded up and safety can be improved.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, a small roof can be constructed easily, quickly and safely, and a roof building unit that can be used without any problem in a snowy area can be provided. Therefore, the practical utility value of the present invention is increased. high.

It is a whole perspective view showing the rafter unit for roofing in Example 1 of the present invention. It is a disassembled perspective view showing the rafter unit for roofing in Example 1 of this invention. It is a whole front view showing the rafter unit for roof construction in Example 1 of the present invention. It is an explanatory perspective view showing the roof structure using the roof assembly block in Example 1 of the present invention. It is a whole front view showing the building structure which constructed the roof using the roof assembly block in Example 1 of this invention. It is a partial side view showing the attachment structure of the roof assembly block in Example 1 of this invention. It is an expansion perspective view showing the attachment structure of the roof assembly block in Example 1 of this invention.

“Example 1”
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. Incidentally, in the figure, what is indicated by reference numeral 1 is a unit skeleton, and what is indicated by reference numeral 2 is a gusset plate. Moreover, what is indicated by reference numeral 3 is a horizontal wood, and what is indicated by reference numeral 4 is a connecting metal fitting.

  First, in the first embodiment, the horizontal member 12 is connected to the inner crotch portion of the joint material 11, 11 in which two plates are combined in a mountain shape, and the apex portion of the joint material 11, 11 and the central portion of the horizontal member 12 are combined. Is connected to the longitudinal member 13 and further, the lower side of the longitudinal member 13 and the jointed members 11 and 11 are connected to each other with diagonal members 14 and 14 to form a unit frame material 1 (see FIGS. 1 and 2). .

  Then, the rafter unit material U is fixed by fixing gusset plates 2 and 2 having substantially the same shape to the front and rear surfaces of the triangle portion T formed by the joint members 11 and 11 and the horizontal member 12 of the unit skeleton material 1. Is configured.

  In Example 1, a structural plywood that is inexpensive and excellent in durability is used for the gusset plates 2 and 2, and the unit frame material 1 in which the structural members are temporarily fixed to the gusset plates 2 and 2 made of this structural plywood. The peripheral portion of the triangle is overlapped with the triangle portion T and fixed by nailing at intervals of 10 cm (see FIG. 3).

  Next, a method for constructing a roof using the rafter unit material U will be described. First, after manufacturing the rafter unit material U from wood and structural plywood at a factory, the rafter unit materials U are arranged at a required interval and connected by horizontal timbers 3, 3,. (See FIG. 4).

  Then, after transporting the roof building block B to the site, the roof building block B is lifted with a crane or the like and placed on the main building M / M of the building structure H being built, and the rafter unit material of the roof building block B The both ends of U and the eaves girder N are fixed by the connecting metal fittings 4 (see FIG. 5).

  In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the rafter unit material U and the eaves girder N are firmly connected to the connecting metal fitting 4 by using the bar fixing metal 41 and the battledore bolt 42.

  Then, after the roof building blocks B are arranged side by side in the column direction and are sequentially installed, the roof plate construction is performed by attaching the field board P to the upper part of the rafter unit materials U and U. In this case, it is desirable that the positions of the horizontal timbers 3, 3... Of the roof building blocks B, B are staggered so that the roof building blocks B can be easily nailed together.

  In this way, in the construction of the roof, if the rafter unit material U and the roof building block B that can be manufactured at the factory, etc. are used, it is not necessary to have high skill of the craftsman and long work at high places. Can be simplified and the construction period can be shortened.

  Moreover, in the roof structure using the above-described roof building block B, the load applied to the rafter unit material U is the vertical members 13 and diagonal members provided inside the palm members 11 and 11 and the horizontal members 12 of the unit frame material 1. 14 and 14 and the gusset plates 2 and 2 attached in front of and behind the triangle portion T formed by the palm members 11 and 11 and the horizontal member 12 can be effectively dispersed and absorbed.

  Moreover, in the roof construction method using the above-mentioned roof building block B, the work of attaching a member while being suspended by a crane is not required, so that the construction work can be performed quickly and safely, and the construction period can be shortened.

  The present invention is generally configured as described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the claims. For example, The size of the rafter unit U and the roof building block B can be freely changed in accordance with the interval and height of the roof, and the size of the gusset plate 2 in the rafter unit material U is also required for load resistance. It is possible to change freely.

  Further, the material of the gusset plate 2 is not limited to the structural plywood, and a metal plate or the like can be used, and the fixing method of the gusset plate 2 to the unit frame material 1 may be a method other than nailing. Any of the above belongs to the technical scope of the present invention.

  In recent years, due to intensifying competition in the construction industry, there has been a demand for technologies that can shorten the construction period and perform housing construction at a low cost. At the same time, the government's “200-year housing” concept has increased the demand for highly durable building structures. ing.

  Under such circumstances, the rafter unit for roof construction, the roof construction block, and the construction roof construction method of the present invention are excellent in durability even in areas where there is a lot of snow and the like, and can be used to greatly improve the efficiency of construction work. Therefore, the demand in the market is large and its industrial utility value is very high.

1 Unit framework
11 Joint material
12 Horizontal member
13 Longitudinal
14 Diagonal material 2 Gusset board 3 Horizontal wood 4 Connecting bracket
41 Bracket
42 Battledore bolt T Triangle part U Rafter unit material B Roofing block N eaves M Purlin H Building structure P Field plate

Claims (5)

The joint material 11, 11 combined in a mountain shape, the horizontal member 12 laid over the inner crotch of the joint material 11, 11, and the vertical member that connects the horizontal member 12 and the top of the joint material 11, 11 A unit skeleton 1 comprising a member 13 and diagonal members 14 and 14 obliquely provided on both sides of the vertical member 13 from both sides of the vertical member 13;
It is placed on the purlins M and M located on the two pillars Y and Y that stand on the beam member X between the eaves beams N and N of the building structure H, and the horizontal material 11 and 11 around both sides of the triangle portion T that will be formed by the bridging member 12, which is fixed by superposing so as to cover the entire inner side members 13 and diagonal members 14, 14, triangle portion T and substantially the same shape of the gusset plate 2・ It is composed of 2 and
The load applied to the joint members 11 and 11 and the horizontal member 12 of the unit skeleton member 1 is distributed and absorbed by complementing and reinforcing the components in the triangle portion T and the gusset plates 2 and 2. Rafter unit for roofing.   The roof rafter unit for roof construction according to claim 1, wherein a structural plywood is used for the gusset plate 2. The joint material 11, 11 combined in a mountain shape, the horizontal member 12 laid over the inner crotch of the joint material 11, 11, and the vertical member that connects the horizontal member 12 and the top of the joint material 11, 11 A unit skeleton 1 comprising a member 13 and diagonal members 14 and 14 obliquely provided on both sides of the vertical member 13 from both sides of the vertical member 13;
A rafter unit material U configured to include gusset plates 2 and 2 having substantially the same shape, which are overlapped and fixed on both front and rear surfaces of a triangle portion T formed by the jointing members 11 and 11 and the horizontal member 12. A roof assembly block characterized by being lined up at a required interval and connected by horizontal timbers 3, 3. The joint material 11, 11 combined in a mountain shape, the horizontal member 12 laid over the inner crotch of the joint material 11, 11, and the vertical member that connects the horizontal member 12 and the top of the joint material 11, 11 A unit skeleton 1 comprising a member 13 and diagonal members 14 and 14 obliquely provided on both sides of the vertical member 13 from both sides of the vertical member 13;
A rafter unit material R configured to include gusset plates 2 and 2 having substantially the same shape, which are overlapped and fixed on both front and rear surfaces of a triangle portion T formed by the joint members 11 and 11 and the horizontal member 12. , Make a roof block B by lining up with the required spacing and connecting with horizontal timbers 3, 3 ...
A roof construction method for a building, characterized in that the roof frame block B is arranged and fixed in order in the direction of a row on the purlins M and M in the building structure H being built, and the entire roof frame is constructed.   After the roof building block B is arranged on the main building M / M, both ends of the unit frame 1 of the rafter unit material U and the eaves girder N / N using the fastening metal fitting 41 and the battledore bolt 42 which are the connecting metal fittings 4 The building roof construction method according to claim 4, wherein:

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