JP2016138400A - Rafter connection unit and roof construction method with use of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rafter connection unit and a roof construction method with use of it, which can build a roof with high load-bearing capacity, simplify construction works at construction sites, improve on safety, shorten construction periods, and furthermore can employ a roof structure without a purlin.SOLUTION: A rafter connection unit U consists of rafter members 1, 1... and connection plates 2, 2... The aforesaid rafter member 1 comprises: truss chord members 11; bundle material arranged between each upper cord and each lower chord of the truss chord members 11; vertical bundle material arranged between each joint part of the left and right upper chords and each joint part of the left and right lower chords; truss web members 12 of diagonals arranged on each diagonal line in frames; reinforcement plywood 13, 13 which are pasted on both sides of each frame composed of the aforesaid truss chords 11 and the truss web members 12. The truss chord members 11 and web members 12 of the aforesaid rafter members 1, and the connection plates 2 are made of wooden plates of 91 mm thick or less.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention can improve a roof construction member and a roof construction method, more specifically, can construct a roof having excellent load resistance, and also facilitates construction work on a construction site, improves safety, and shortens a construction period. Further, the present invention relates to a rafter connection unit that can also employ a roof structure that does not have a purlin, and a roof construction method using the rafter connection unit.

  As is well known, when building a shed in the wooden frame wall construction method, which is a typical wooden construction method, it is common to bring pre-cut structural materials to the site and assemble them, but a large amount of structural materials at the site. Assembling work not only takes time, but also involves dangerous work at high places, which is problematic in terms of the efficiency and safety of enforcement work.

  Therefore, the present inventor previously developed a method of manufacturing a rafter connecting unit (a plurality of inverted V-shaped rafter members arranged side by side) according to the roof shape in a factory in advance (see Patent Document 1). As a result, the rafter connection unit can be lifted with a crane at the site and installed on the eaves girder so that the roof can be easily constructed.

  However, regarding the rafter connecting unit, although a triangular reinforcing truss portion was formed at the lower part of the apex, the straight portion was made of a single wood board material, so that the strength was not sufficient. Therefore, in the above prior art, it is necessary to place the reinforcing truss portion of the rafter connection unit on the purlin installed on the purlin bundle on the roof beam.

  On the other hand, in the prior art, a technique in which an inverted V-shaped rafter member is composed of a frame body in which square members are assembled in a ladder shape and plywood stuck on both sides of the frame body is also known (patent) In this technique, since the frame body did not have a truss structure, sufficient strength could not be obtained when the frame body was formed using a plate material.

  Moreover, since the rafter member using the square member has a large weight per rafter member, it is necessary to increase the interval between the rafter members so that the total weight of the roof structure material does not become excessive. For this reason, a plurality of rafter members cannot be connected in advance with a size that can be mounted on a truck or the like, and it has been necessary to assemble them on a building on site.

  Moreover, in the above prior art, since it was necessary to make the gap between the rafter members larger than usual, the number of places where screws or the like are driven when attaching the field board is reduced, and the field board is firmly fixed to the rafter member. I could not. In addition, in the above-described prior art, since the weight of the rafter member is large, it is necessary to firmly fix the rafter member to the eaves girder.

JP 2011-106191 A Japanese Patent No. 4614151 ([0028] to [0030], FIGS. 6 to 8)

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and the object of the present invention is to build a roof with excellent load resistance and construction work at a construction site. It is an object of the present invention to provide a rafter connection unit that can facilitate the above, improve safety and shorten the construction period, and can also employ a roof structure without a purlin, and a roof construction method using the same.

  Means employed by the present inventor for solving the above technical problem will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

That is, according to the present invention, the rafter connecting unit U used for constructing a roof set of a building is integrated into an inverted V shape with the left and right straight portions S / S formed of a parallel string truss structure through the apex portion T. The rafter members 1, 1... Are formed in a plate shape and are juxtaposed at a predetermined interval in the thickness direction, and fixed to the opposing surfaces of the adjacent rafter members 1, 1. While being composed of connecting plates 2, 2 ... that connect the two,
As for the rafter member 1, a truss chord member 11 composed of an upper chord member 11a and a lower chord member 11b arranged in parallel vertically along the straight line portion S; and between the upper chord member 11a and the lower chord member 11b of the truss chord member 11 Bundles 12a, 12a,... Arranged at predetermined intervals so as to be orthogonal to these, and joint portions (including neighboring parts) of the left and right upper chord members 11a, 11a joined at the apex T and the left and right lower chord members 11b. By the vertical bundle member 12b arranged between the joint portions (including the vicinity part) of 11b, and the upper chord member 11a, the lower chord member 11b, and the adjacent bundle members 12a and 12a or the adjacent bundle member 12a and the vertical bundle member 12b. A truss abdomen 12 made of diagonal material 12c disposed on a diagonal line in the enclosed frame; and reinforcing plywoods 13 and 13 attached to both sides of the frame body composed of the truss chord material 11 and the truss abdomen 12 Configure
Further, the truss chord member 11, the truss belly member 12, and the connecting plate 2 of the rafter member 1 are characterized in that wood plates having a thickness of 91 mm or less are used.

  The truss chord member 11, the truss belly member 12, and the connecting plate 2 of the rafter member 1 are preferably 30 to 76 mm thick considering the balance between weight and strength.

  Further, at the apex T of the rafter member 1, the diagonal members 12c and 12c of the truss belly 12 are placed in a frame surrounded by the upper chord member 11a, the lower chord member 11b, and the adjacent bundle member 12a and the vertical bundle member 12b. By arrange | positioning on two diagonals, the intensity | strength of the vertex part T of the rafter member 1 can be raised.

  Further, with respect to the connecting plate 2, the bundle members 12a, 12a,... Of the truss abdomen 12 are adapted to the positions of the bundle members 12a, 12a,. It is preferable to attach on the rafter member 1.

  In particular, when the rafter connecting unit U is constructed in a large size, a horizontal member 14a disposed between the left and right lower chord members 11b, 11b... A vertical member 14b disposed between the center and the joint of the left and right lower chord members 11b and 11b, and left and right cane members 14c disposed obliquely between the center of the horizontal member 14a and the lower chord members 11b and 11b The strength of the apex T of the rafter connection unit U is ensured by providing a reinforcing truss portion 14 composed of 14c and attaching the reinforcing plywood 13 'and 13' to both sides of the reinforcing truss portion 14 can do.

  On the other hand, in the case of constructing a roof using the rafter connecting unit, after preparing a plurality of rafter connecting units U with a size that can be transported, these rafter connecting units U, U,. The rafter connection units U and U are connected to each other by fixing the connection plates 2 and 2 to the opposing surfaces of the adjacent rafter members 1 and 1 of the rafter connection units U and U that are sequentially installed from the end side. Can make efficient construction.

  In the present invention, in the rafter connecting unit configured by connecting a plurality of rafter members with a connecting plate, each rafter member is configured by sticking reinforcing plywood on both sides of a frame made of a parallel string truss structure, By using a plate material having a thickness of 91 mm or less for the truss abdomen, the rafter members can be arranged at high density by narrowing the interval between the rafter members.

  Moreover, since the rafter connection unit of the present invention has an increased strength compared to the conventional structure due to the parallel string truss structure, it can be used without any problem for a roof structure having no purlin. Moreover, in the present invention, a roof with excellent load resistance can be easily constructed simply by installing a rafter connection unit prepared in advance at a precut factory or the like on a eaves girder with a crane or the like.

  Furthermore, the rafter connecting unit according to the present invention does not increase the weight of the rafter member alone, so that it is possible to easily install the rafter member or the like. Also, regarding the work of attaching the field board, since the rafter members are arranged at a high density, the fastening member can be driven into the entire field board and firmly fixed to the rafter member.

  On the other hand, since the rafter connection unit of the present invention is made of an inexpensive wood board material and plywood, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Especially for the connecting plate that connects the rafter members, the truss chord material of the rafter member and the cut end of the truss belly material can be used, so that the material cost can be reduced by efficiently using the wood that is the material.

  As described above, according to the present invention, not only can a strong building capable of withstanding a heavy load such as snow be built, but also roof construction work can be facilitated, safety can be improved, and the construction period can be shortened. The practical value of the present invention is very high because a rafter connection unit can be provided with reduced costs.

It is the whole perspective view and X-X 'sectional drawing showing the rafter member which comprises the rafter connection unit in Example 1 of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view showing the structure of the rafter member which comprises the rafter connection unit in Example 1 of this invention. It is a perspective view showing the rafter connection unit and its installation state in Example 1 of the present invention. It is a front view showing the rafter connection unit in Example 1 of this invention, and its installation state. It is a whole front view showing the rafter connection unit in Example 2 of this invention, and its installation state. It is a disassembled perspective view showing the structure of the rafter member which comprises the rafter connection unit in Example 2 of this invention.

“Example 1”
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. Incidentally, in the same figure, what is indicated by reference numeral 1 is a wooden rafter member, and what is indicated by reference numeral 2 is also a wooden connecting plate. Also, what is indicated by the symbol U is a rafter connection unit composed of a rafter member and a connection plate.

[Composition of rafter members]
First, the structure of the rafter member 1 will be described. In the present embodiment, the entire shape of the rafter member 1 is a thin plate formed of a wood board material as shown in FIG. The palm shape is integrated with the inverted V shape via the apex T. The angle formed by the left and right straight portions S of the rafter member 1 can be freely changed according to the roof slope.

  Further, the left and right straight portions S and S of the rafter member 1 are, as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the upper chord material 11a and the lower chord material 11b arranged in parallel vertically along the straight portion S. The truss chord material 11 including the upper chord material 11a and the lower chord material 11b, and the truss belly material 12 including the bundle material 12a, the vertical bundle material 12b, and the diagonal material 12c disposed inside the upper chord material 11a and the lower chord material 11b form a parallel chord truss structure Is formed.

  Of the truss abdomen 12, the bundle members 12a, 12a ... are members disposed between the upper chord member 11a and the lower chord member 11b of the truss chord member 11 at a predetermined interval so as to be orthogonal to them. The vertical bundle member 12b is a member disposed near the joint portion of the left and right upper chord members 11a and 11a and the joint portion of the left and right lower chord members 11b and 11b joined at the apex T.

  In addition, the diagonal member 12c of the truss belly member 12 is a rectangular frame of the straight portion S surrounded by the bundle members 12a, 12a..., The vertical bundle member 12b, the upper chord member 11a, the lower chord member 11b, and the adjacent bundle members 12a and 12a. On the diagonal line in the inside and on the diagonal line in the trapezoidal frame of the apex T surrounded by the bundle material 12a, 12a ..., the vertical bundle material 12b, the upper chord material 11a, the lower chord material 11b, and the adjacent bundle material 12a and the vertical bundle material 12b It is a member arrange | positioned.

  Further, in this embodiment, the diagonal members 12c and 12c of the truss abdomen 12 at the apex T of the rafter member 1 are arranged so as to intersect two diagonal lines in the trapezoidal frame, so that the inside of the rectangular frame The strength of the apex T is made larger than the straight line S where the diagonal members 12c are arranged only on one diagonal line.

  In this embodiment, the truss chord member 11 and the truss belly member 12 constituting the rafter member 1 are made of wood board material having a thickness of 91 mm (about 3 inches) or less. In order to form a thinner film while ensuring strength, it is more preferable to use a film having a thickness of 30 to 76 mm (about 1 to 2 dimensions).

  Further, the plywood 13 and 13 for reinforcement are attached to both sides of the frame of the parallel string truss structure composed of the truss chord member 11 and the truss belly member 12 as shown in the sectional view of FIG. 1 and FIG. The rafter member 1 is configured. In this embodiment, a structural plywood that is inexpensive and has excellent durability is used as the reinforcing plywood 13.

  Further, in this embodiment, the reinforcing plywoods 13 and 13 are attached by driving fastening members such as nails and screws into the truss chord material 11 and the truss belly material 12 from the outside of the reinforcing plywood 13. (Not shown). Furthermore, by making the shape of the reinforcing plywood 13 attached to the apex T into a V shape or a triangular shape, the function of the joint plate of the left and right truss chord members 11 and 11 can be exhibited.

[Configuration of rafter connection unit]
Next, the structure of the rafter connection unit U using the rafter member 1 will be described. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of rafter members 1... Are erected at predetermined intervals in the plate thickness direction, and a plurality of rafter members 1. A rafter connection unit U in which a plurality of rafter members 1, 1... Are integrated is produced by fixing the plates 2.

  In this embodiment, the connecting plate 2 is attached to the rafter members 1 and 1 with fastening members such as screws and nails (not shown), but the bundle members 12a, 12a of the truss abdomen 12 ... It is preferable that the connecting plate 2 is attached onto the rafter member 1 in accordance with the positions of the bundle members 12a, 12a,... Arranged at a predetermined interval so that the load applied to the fixed portion of the connecting plate 2 can be absorbed.

  In the present embodiment, the strength of the apex T is increased by placing the two connecting plates 2 close to the apex T of the rafter member 1. In the present embodiment, the connecting plate 2 is made of a wood board having a thickness of 91 mm or less, but the thickness of the rafter connecting unit U is 30 to 76 mm in consideration of the balance of strength and weight. More preferably.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the connecting plates 2, 2... Are arranged only on the upper edge side of the rafter member 1. However, in order to increase the strength of the rafter connecting unit U, the upper edge side and the lower edge of the rafter member 1 are arranged. The connecting plates 2 and 2 can also be arranged on the edge side. Further, by increasing the vertical width of the connecting plate 2, the connecting plate 2 can be fixed to the bundle material 12 a and the vertical bundle material 12 b with a fastening member.

  And by constructing the rafter connection unit U as described above, a structure in which a plurality of rafter members 1, 1... Are integrated can be produced in advance at a precut factory or the like. Moreover, the strength of the roof surface can be increased by thinning the rafter members 1 and arranging them at high density. Further, if a piece of truss chord material 11 or truss belly material 12 is used for the connecting plate 2, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

[Roof construction method using rafter connection unit]
Next, a roof construction method using the rafter connection unit U will be described. First, in this embodiment, a plurality of rafter connection units U having a transportable size (a size that can be placed on a loading platform such as a truck) as shown in FIG. 3 are produced in a precut factory or the like, and these are transferred to a construction site. Of course, the rafter connection unit U can be assembled on site as needed.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the rafter connection unit U is lifted with a crane or the like, placed on the eaves beams N and N of the building structure under construction, and attached to both ends of the rafter connection unit U. Fix the bar clamp to the eaves girder N and install it. Then, the rafter connection units U, U,... Are arranged in the direction of the row by repeating this from the end side, and the connecting plate 2. 2 is fixed and rafter connection units U and U are connected.

  And after installing the rafter connection unit U on the eaves girders N and N, as shown in FIG. As a result, the construction work of the roof can be performed quickly and easily, so that the safety can be improved and the construction period can be shortened. In addition, when the roof surface is constructed, the rafter members 1, 1,... Are arranged with high density, so that the base plates B, B,.

  In order to facilitate screwing of the connecting plate 2 when connecting the rafter connecting units U and U on the eaves beams N and N, the fixing positions of the connecting plates 2 of the adjacent rafter connecting units U and U are fixed. It is desirable that the connection plates 2 of the other rafter connection unit U are arranged between the connection plates 2 of the rafter connection unit U, for example.

“Example 2”
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In the second embodiment, as shown in the figure, a horizontal member 14a disposed between the left and right lower chord members 11b, 11b... At the lower portion of the apex of the rafter member 1, and the center and left and right of the horizontal member 14a. A vertical member 14b disposed between the joint portions of the lower chord members 11b and 11b, and left and right cane members 14c and 14c disposed obliquely between the center of the horizontal member 14a and the lower chord members 11b and 11b. A reinforced truss portion 14 is provided.

  Reinforcing plywoods 13 ′ and 13 ′ having a triangular shape are attached to both surfaces of the reinforcing truss portion 14. In this embodiment, the reinforcing plywood 13 'and 13' are attached by driving a fastening member such as a screw from the outside of the reinforcing plywood 13 'to the inner horizontal member 14a, the vertical member 14b, and the brace material 14c. Thus, the reinforcing plywood 13 'serves as a joint plate that connects the horizontal member 14a, the vertical member 14b, and the brace member 14c.

  Further, in this embodiment, the triangular reinforcing plywood 13 'and 13' are formed to be slightly larger than the reinforcing truss portion 14, and are fixed to the left and right lower chord members 11b and 11b from the outside of the reinforcing plywood 13 '. Since the landing member is driven and fixed, the reinforcing plywood 13 'and 13' also serve as a joint plate that connects the reinforcing truss portion 14 and the lower chord material 11b and 11b.

  Further, the reinforcing truss portion 14 uses a wood board material having a thickness of 91 mm or less, which is the same as that of the truss chord member 11 and the truss belly member 12, but is formed thinner while ensuring the strength of the rafter member 1. Therefore, it is more preferable to use one having a thickness of 30 to 76 mm.

  And since the rafter connection unit U was comprised as mentioned above, even when the rafter connection unit U is enlarged, the intensity | strength of the vertex part T can fully be ensured. If the truss chord member 11 or the truss belly member 12 is used for each member of the reinforcing truss portion 14, there is no problem that the manufacturing cost increases.

  The present invention is generally configured as described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the claims. For example, The parallel string truss structure of the rafter member 1 using the truss string member 11 and the truss belly member 12 can be freely changed according to the roof shape, such as a platform truss or a howtruss.

  The shape of the reinforcing truss 14 of the rafter member 1 can be freely selected according to the required strength, such as a king post truss, howtruss, fin truss, platform truss, queen post truss, etc., if it is a simple beam truss. be able to.

  Further, the reinforcing plywood 13 ′ attached to the reinforcing truss portion 14 of the rafter member 1 may be a pentagonal shape that also serves as the reinforcing plywood 13 attached to the apex T. Further, when the large rafter member 1 is manufactured, it is not necessary to form the upper chord material 11a and the lower chord material 11b of the truss chord material 11 from a single plate material, and a plurality of plate materials may be formed continuously. Any of the above is within the technical scope of the present invention.

  In recent years, in the construction field, development of a new roof construction method that can suppress the construction cost and can improve the construction efficiency more than ever has been demanded. Under such circumstances, the rafter connection unit of the present invention and the roof construction method using the same are useful techniques that can not only efficiently construct a roofing structure of a building but also cause no problem in terms of structural strength. Therefore, the industrial utility value is very high.

1 Rafter member
11 Truss strings
11a Upper chord
11b Lower chord material
12 truss belly
12a Bundle
12b Vertical bundle
12c diagonal
13 Reinforcing plywood
14 Reinforced truss
14a Horizontal member
14b Vertical material
14c Brace material 2 Connecting plate S Straight part T Vertex U Rafter connecting unit N eaves B B Ground plate

Claims (6)

A rafter connection unit (U) used to construct a roofing roof of a building,
The left and right straight portions (S) and (S) made of parallel string truss structure form a palm shape that is integrated into an inverted V shape via the apex portion (T), and the entire plate is formed into a plate shape. The rafter members (1) (1)... Juxtaposed at a predetermined interval in the thickness direction and the connecting plates (2) (2) fixed to the opposing surfaces of the adjacent rafter members (1) (1) and connecting the two. While consisting of ...
The rafter member (1) includes a truss chord member (11) composed of an upper chord member (11a) and a lower chord member (11b) arranged in parallel vertically along the straight line portion (S); and the truss chord member (11) Bundle materials (12a) (12a) arranged at predetermined intervals so as to be orthogonal to the upper chord material (11a) and the lower chord material (11b), and left and right upper chords joined at the apex (T) Vertical bundle material (12b) disposed between the joint portion of the material (11a) (11a) and the left and right lower chord material (11b) (11b), and the upper chord material (11a), the lower chord material (11b), And a truss belly (12c) composed of diagonal members (12c) arranged on a diagonal line in a frame surrounded by adjacent bundles (12a) (12a) or adjacent bundles (12a) and vertical bundles (12b) And a reinforcing plywood (13) and (13) attached to both sides of the frame composed of the truss chord material (11) and the truss belly material (12),
Further, the rafter connecting unit is characterized in that a wood board material having a thickness of 91 mm or less is used for the truss chord member (11), the truss belly member (12) and the connecting plate (2) of the rafter member (1). .   2. A wood board material having a thickness of 30 to 76 mm is used for the truss chord member (11), the truss belly member (12) and the connecting plate (2) of the rafter member (1). Rafter connection unit.   At the apex (T) of the rafter member (1), the diagonal members (12c) (12c) of the truss belly material (12) are the upper chord member (11a), the lower chord member (11b), and the adjacent bundle member (12a). The rafter connection unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rafter connection unit is disposed on two diagonal lines in a frame surrounded by the vertical bundle member (12b).   The connecting plate (2) is placed on the reinforcing plywood (13), (13) of the rafter member (1) according to the position of the bundle members (12a) (12a) ... of the truss abdomen (12) arranged at predetermined intervals. The rafter connection unit according to claim 1, wherein the rafter connection unit is attached to the rafter.   In the lower part of the apex of the rafter member (1), a horizontal member (14a) arranged between the left and right lower chord members (11b) (11b), the center of the horizontal member (14a), and the left and right lower chord members (11b) (11b) vertical members (14b) disposed between the joints, and left and right cane members (11b) disposed diagonally between the center of the horizontal member (14a) and the lower chord member (11b) (11b) ( 14c) (14c) and a reinforcing truss part (14) is provided, and reinforcing plywood (13 ') (13') is attached to both sides of this reinforcing truss part (14) The rafter connection unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4.   After producing a plurality of rafter connecting units according to claim 1 in a size that can be transported, these rafter connecting units (U), (U),... Are sequentially installed on the eaves girders (N) (N) from the end side, Furthermore, the rafter connection unit (U) (U) is fixed by fixing the connection plates (2) and (2) to the opposing surfaces of the adjacent rafter members (1) and (1) of the adjacent rafter connection units (U) and (U). The roof construction method using the rafter connection unit characterized by connecting each other.