JP5166766B2 - Insulated wire and wire harness - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an insulated wire and a wire harness, and more particularly to an insulated wire and a wire harness suitable for an automobile wire.

  Conventionally, an insulated wire is known in which a conductor made of a single wire such as copper or a stranded wire obtained by twisting a plurality of strands is covered with an insulating layer such as a resin material. Insulated wires are used for wiring of vehicles such as automobiles and electrical / electronic devices, for example.

  In recent years, performance of vehicles such as automobiles and electrical / electronic devices has been improved, and the number of insulated wires used tends to increase with an increase in various control circuits.

  Here, in the automobile field, it is desired to reduce the weight of the vehicle from the viewpoint of energy saving and the like, and the insulated wire used in the automobile is required to be reduced in diameter and weight. Therefore, the size of the insulated wire is getting smaller year by year.

  In addition, as a document relevant to this invention, there exists patent document 1, for example. Patent Document 1 discloses that a plurality of grooves that are continuous in the extending direction are formed on the outer surface of the coating so that the type of the insulated wire can be visually discriminated.

JP 2001-357728 A

However, when the size of the insulated wire is reduced, there are the following problems. In particular, in the case of a thin wire having a nominal cross-sectional area of 0.13 mm ² or less, the following problems are noticeable.

  That is, the terminal is crimped | bonded to the terminal of an insulated wire, and the connector is formed by inserting this in a connector housing. In inserting the terminal into the connector housing, since the terminal orientation at the time of insertion is determined, it is necessary to rotate the insulated wire to align the terminal with the orientation of the connector housing. When the wire size is reduced, it is difficult to rotate the insulated wire, and it is difficult to align the direction of the terminals with the direction of the connector housing.

  In addition, the insulated wire of patent document 1 aims at discriminating the kind of insulated wire visually, and does not aim at the improvement of wire harness assembly property. Therefore, the configuration is greatly different from the present invention.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an insulated wire and a wire harness that are easy to rotate even when the size is reduced and are excellent in wire harness assembly.

  In order to solve the above problems, an insulated wire according to the present invention is an insulated wire in which an outer periphery of a conductor is covered with an insulating layer, and a circumscribed circle diameter (D) and an inner diameter of the insulating layer in the cross-sectional shape of the wire. The gist is that the ratio (D / d) to the contact circle diameter (d) is in the range of 1.1 to 1.5.

  In this case, the circumscribed circle diameter (D) of the insulating layer is desirably 1 mm or less.

  And as said cross-sectional shape, a substantially elliptical shape, a substantially polygonal shape, a substantially petal shape, and a substantially star shape can be shown suitably.

  Further, as the cross-sectional shape, a shape having a bulging portion that bulges radially from the circumference of the substantially circular or substantially elliptical shape can be suitably shown.

  Furthermore, the location of the insulating layer in contact with the circumscribed circle is preferably in the range of 2 to 12 locations.

  On the other hand, the wire harness which concerns on this invention makes it a summary to contain the said insulated wire.

  In the insulated wire according to the present invention, in the cross-sectional shape of the wire, the ratio (D / d) of the circumscribed circle diameter (D) and the inscribed circle diameter (d) of the insulating layer is 1.1 to 1.5. Is in range. Therefore, unevenness is generated on the surface of the electric wire, and the electric wire is easily caught on the finger. This makes it easier to rotate the electric wire, so when crimping the terminal to the end of the electric wire and inserting the crimped terminal into the connector housing to form the connector, the orientation of the terminal becomes easy to match the orientation of the connector housing, Excellent wire harness assembly. In particular, the effect is great when the wire size is reduced and the wire is difficult to rotate.

  In this case, when the circumscribed circle diameter (D) of the insulating layer is 1 mm or less, it can be used as a thin wire.

  And when the said cross-sectional shape is a substantially elliptical shape, a substantially polygonal shape, a substantially petal shape, or a substantially star shape, an unevenness | corrugation will arise on the surface of an electric wire reliably, and it will become easy to catch on a finger | toe, and it will become easy to rotate an electric wire.

  Similarly, if the cross-sectional shape is a substantially circular shape or a substantially elliptical shape, and has a bulging portion that swells radially from the circumference of the substantially circular or substantially elliptical shape, it is ensured that Concavities and convexities are generated, and it becomes easy to get on the finger, and the electric wire is easily rotated.

  Moreover, when the place which touches the circumscribed circle of the said insulating layer exists in the range of 2-12 places, it will become easier to get on a finger | toe and it will become easy to rotate an electric wire.

  On the other hand, since the wire harness which concerns on this invention contains the said insulated wire, it is excellent in assemblability.

  Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

  The insulated wire according to the present invention is formed by covering an outer periphery of a conductor with an insulating layer. For example, it is used for wiring of vehicles such as automobiles and electric / electronic devices, and particularly preferably used for electric wires for automobiles.

  In the insulated wire according to the present invention, the outer shape of the insulating layer that is the outer shape of the electric wire is deformed, and the cross-sectional shape of the electric wire is irregular. A cross section here is a cross section when an electric wire is cut | disconnected in the direction substantially orthogonal to the axial direction of an electric wire. In the cross-sectional shape of the electric wire, the irregular shape is a shape other than a circle, and means that the distance from the center to the curve forming the outline of the cross-section is not constant. A general insulated wire has a substantially circular cross-sectional shape.

  By making the cross-sectional shape of the electric wire irregular, irregularities are generated on the surface of the electric wire, and the electric wire is easily caught on the finger. The degree of the irregular shape is expressed by using a ratio (D / d) between the circumscribed circle diameter (D) and the inscribed circle diameter (d) of the insulating layer in the cross-sectional shape of the electric wire.

  In the insulated wire according to the present invention, the ratio (D / d) of the circumscribed circle diameter (D) and the inscribed circle diameter (d) of the insulating layer in the cross-sectional shape of the wire is in the range of 1.1 to 1.5. It is in. The circumscribed circle is a circle that circumscribes a curve that outlines the insulating layer in the cross-sectional shape of the electric wire, and the inscribed circle is a circle that is inscribed in the curved line that outlines the insulating layer in the cross-sectional shape of the electric wire. The circumscribed circle diameter (D) is the diameter of the circumscribed circle, and the inscribed circle diameter (d) is the diameter of the inscribed circle.

  By setting the ratio (D / d) within the range of 1.1 to 1.5, sufficient unevenness is generated on the surface of the electric wire, and the electric wire is easily caught on the finger. At this time, if the ratio (D / d) is less than 1.1, the difference in unevenness on the surface of the electric wire is small, and the electric wire is difficult to get caught on the finger. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain the effect of easily rotating the electric wire. On the other hand, when the ratio (D / d) exceeds 1.5, the cross-sectional area of the electric wire is increased, and the diameter of the wire harness composed of a bundle of a plurality of electric wires increases, which is not desirable. More preferably, the ratio (D / d) is in the range of 1.3 to 1.5.

  Specific examples of the cross-sectional shape of the insulated wire according to the present invention include, for example, a substantially elliptical shape, a substantially polygonal shape, a substantially petal shape, a substantially star shape, a substantially circular shape, or a substantially elliptical shape on the circumference of the substantially circular shape or substantially elliptical shape. Examples include a shape having a bulging portion that bulges more radially. Below, it demonstrates concretely using drawing. 1-8 is sectional drawing showing each insulated wire which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The length d is the inscribed circle diameter of the insulating layer, and the length D is the inscribed circle diameter of the insulating layer. An inscribed circle and a circumscribed circle are represented by a two-dot chain line. Further, in the present invention, the term “substantially star shape” means that the number of bulging portions is in the range of 3 to 12.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the insulated wire 10 a has an outer periphery of the conductor 12 covered with an insulating layer 14, and the cross-sectional shape thereof is substantially elliptical in which the length in the horizontal axis direction is longer than the length in the vertical axis direction. It has become. That is, in the cross-sectional shape, since the lengths in the horizontal axis direction and the vertical axis direction are different, unevenness is generated on the surface of the electric wire. Therefore, compared to the conventional insulated wire having a substantially circular cross section, the insulated wire 10a is easily hooked on the finger and is easily rotated.

  In the insulated electric wire 10a having a substantially elliptical cross-sectional shape, the inscribed circle is in contact with the insulating layer 14 at two locations in the vertical direction of the cross section, and the circumscribed circle is in contact with the insulating layer 14 at two locations on the left and right in the horizontal direction of the cross section. ing. In the cross-sectional shape, the ratio (D / d) increases as it becomes longer in the horizontal axis direction, while the ratio (D / d) decreases as it becomes longer in the vertical axis direction and approaches a substantially circular shape. In order to set the ratio (D / d) within the range of 1.1 to 1.5, for example, the length in the horizontal axis direction or the length in the vertical axis direction may be adjusted.

  Each of the insulated wires shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 has a substantially polygonal cross section (substantially regular polygon). The insulated wire 10b shown in FIG. 2 has a substantially triangular cross section, the insulated wire 10c shown in FIG. 3 has a substantially square sectional shape, and the insulated wire 10e shown in FIG. 4 has a sectional shape. It is almost pentagonal. In any insulated wire, the length from the center to each apex is different from the length from the center to each side, so that the surface of the wire is uneven. Therefore, the insulated wires 10b, 10c, and 10e are easily hooked on the finger and are easily rotated.

  2 to 4, the inscribed circle is in contact with the insulating layer 14 at the center position of each side, and the circumscribed circle is in contact with the insulating layer 14 at each vertex. Therefore, the number of places in contact with the circumscribed circle of the insulating layer 14 is the same as the number of vertices of the polygon. Each vertex of the substantially polygon is a rounded convex portion, and when the roundness of each vertex is increased, the circumscribed circle diameter (D) of the insulating layer 14 is decreased and the ratio (D / d) is decreased. Becomes smaller, the circumscribed circle diameter (D) of the insulating layer 14 becomes larger and the ratio (D / d) becomes larger. In order to set the ratio (D / d) within the range of 1.1 to 1.5, for example, the roundness of each vertex may be adjusted.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the insulated wire 10f has a substantially petal shape in cross section. That is, in the insulated wire 10f, nine substantially semicircular bulge portions 16f are radially formed, and a recess 18f is formed between the substantially semicircular bulge portion 16f and the bulge portion 16f. ing. As described above, the surface of the electric wire is uneven, and when the finger is hung on the side surface of the bulging portion 16f, the insulated wire 10f is easily hooked on the finger and is easily rotated.

  In the insulated wire 10f having a substantially petal-shaped cross section, the inscribed circle is in contact with the insulating layer 14 at the bottom of the recess 18f, and the circumscribed circle is in contact with the insulating layer 14 at the apex of the substantially semicircular bulged portion 16f. Yes. Accordingly, the number of the portions of the insulating layer 14 that are in contact with the circumscribed circle is the same as the number of the substantially semicircular bulged portions 16f. In the insulated wire 10f, in order to make the ratio (D / d) within the range of 1.1 to 1.5, for example, the number of the substantially semicircular bulges 16f, the height of the bulges 16f, The diameter of the protruding portion 16f may be adjusted.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the insulated wire 10g has a substantially star shape in cross section. That is, in the insulated wire 10g, six substantially triangular bulged portions 16g are radially formed, and a concave portion 18g is formed between the substantially triangular bulged portion 16g and the bulged portion 16g. As described above, the surface of the electric wire is uneven, and when the finger is hung on the side surface of the bulging portion 16g, the insulated wire 10g is easily hooked on the finger and is easily rotated.

  In the insulated wire 10g having a substantially star-shaped cross section, the inscribed circle is in contact with the insulating layer 14 at the bottom of the recess 18g, and the circumscribed circle is in contact with the insulating layer 14 at the apex of the substantially triangular bulged portion 16g. Therefore, the number of locations of the insulating layer 14 that touch the circumscribed circle is the same as the number of the substantially triangular bulged portions 16g. The substantially triangular bulging portion 16g has a rounded tip, and when the roundness of the tip increases, the circumscribed circle diameter (D) of the insulating layer 14 decreases and the ratio (D / d) decreases. . In order to set the ratio (D / d) within the range of 1.1 to 1.5, for example, the height of the substantially triangular bulged portion 16g and the roundness of the tip of the bulged portion 16g may be adjusted.

  Each of the insulated wires shown in FIGS. 7 to 8 is a wire having a plurality of rib-like protrusions on the surface of the wire along the axial direction of the wire. As shown in FIG. 7, the cross-sectional shape of the insulated wire 10h is a shape having two bulged portions 16h that bulge radially from the circumference of the substantially elliptical shape. The two bulging portions 16h are formed in a substantially quadrangular shape at a position opposed to the long axis direction in a substantially elliptical shape, and are formed in a so-called fin shape on the circumference of the substantially elliptical shape. That is, the cross-sectional shape is an elliptical shape with fins. The corners of the substantially quadrilateral serving as the fins are rounded.

  In the insulated wire 10h, inscribed circles are in contact with the insulating layer 14 at two positions on the left and right in the lateral direction, and circumscribed circles are in contact with the insulating layer 14 at both corners of the substantially rectangular bulged portion 16h. Therefore, there are four places in contact with the circumscribed circle of the insulating layer 14.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 8, the cross-sectional shape of the insulated wire 10i has a substantially circular shape and four bulging portions 16i that bulge radially from the substantially circular circumference. The four bulging portions 16i are formed in a substantially quadrangular shape at positions opposite to the horizontal axis direction and the vertical axis direction, and the corners of the substantially square shape are rounded. That is, the cross-sectional shape is a circular shape with fins. In the insulated wire 10 i, the inscribed circle is in contact with the substantially circular circumference of the insulating layer 14, and the circumscribed circle is in contact with the insulating layer 14 at both corners of the substantially rectangular bulged portion 16 i. Therefore, there are eight places in contact with the circumscribed circle of the insulating layer 14.

  The insulated wires 10h and 10i both have a bulging portion in the cross-sectional shape, and the surface of the wire is uneven, so that the wire is easily hooked on the finger and is easily rotated. In the insulated wires 10h and 10i, in order to make the ratio (D / d) within the range of 1.1 to 1.5, for example, the height of the substantially rectangular bulges 16h and 16i, the roundness of the corners, and the like are adjusted. Good.

  When making the cross-sectional shape of an insulated wire into a substantially polygon, it is not limited to the example mentioned above. For example, the number of polygon corners may be six or more. When the number of corners of the polygon increases, the unevenness on the surface of the electric wire decreases as the number increases, and the shape approaches a substantially circular shape. Therefore, the number of polygon corners is preferably in the range of 3 to 8 from the viewpoint of sufficiently ensuring the irregularities on the surface of the electric wire. More preferably, it exists in the range of 3-6, More preferably, it exists in the range of 3-5.

  Further, the cross-sectional shape of the insulated wire is substantially a petal shape, a substantially star shape, or a substantially elliptical shape or a substantially circular shape, and has a bulging portion that bulges radially from the circumference of the substantially elliptical or substantially circular shape. In the case of a shape, the number of bulging portions to be formed is not particularly limited. However, from the viewpoint of sufficiently ensuring the unevenness on the surface of the electric wire, the number of the bulging portions is preferably in the range of 1 to 12. More preferably, the number of bulges is in the range of 2-6.

  Although the location which touches the circumscribed circle of an insulating layer is not specifically limited, From a viewpoint of ensuring the unevenness | corrugation on the surface of an electric wire sufficiently, it is preferable to exist in the range of 2-12 locations. More preferably, the number of places in contact with the circumscribed circle is in the range of 2 to 6 places.

  The specific cross-sectional shapes of the insulated wires described above are all shapes having symmetry, but are not limited to shapes having symmetry such as line symmetry and point symmetry, and may be asymmetric shapes. good. However, in terms of having uniform electric wire characteristics, a shape having symmetry is preferable.

  When the cross-sectional shape of the insulated wire is asymmetrical, the circumscribed circle is circumscribed at least at two points with the curve that forms the contour of the insulating layer, and exists outside the cross-section of the insulated wire and does not intersect with the contoured curve. The inscribed circle is inscribed in at least two points with the curve that forms the outline of the insulating layer, exists within the cross section of the insulated wire, and can be taken within a range that does not intersect with the curve that forms the outline. The circle with the largest diameter.

  The configuration of the insulating layer is not particularly limited. The insulating layer may be a single layer or two or more layers. When two or more layers are used, each layer may be formed of the same material or different materials.

  The material for forming the insulating layer is not particularly limited. For example, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, PFA resin, ETFE (ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer) resin, FEP (fluorinated ethylene propylene) Examples thereof include fluororesins such as resins.

  Various additives may be blended in the insulating layer as necessary. Examples of additives include antioxidants, metal deactivators, processing aids (lubricants, waxes, etc.) and the like.

  The conductor may be a single wire or a stranded wire obtained by twisting a plurality of strands. In the case of a stranded wire, it may be composed of a single type of strand that has the same material, or a combination of two or more types of strands of different materials. The number of strands is not particularly limited, and can be determined as appropriate according to the application, for example, 7 or 19 wires. The stranded conductor may be circularly compressed.

  The conductor outer diameter is not particularly limited. However, from the viewpoint of making a thin wire, the outer diameter of the conductor is preferably 0.45 mm or less. The conductor material is not particularly limited, and for example, a commonly used material such as copper, copper alloy, aluminum, aluminum alloy may be used.

  According to the insulated wire having the above configuration, the uneven shape formed on the surface of the wire makes it easy for the wire to be caught on the finger, and facilitates rotating the wire. As a result, when the terminal is crimped and connected to the end of the electric wire and the connector is formed by inserting the crimped terminal into the connector housing, it is easy to rotate the electric wire and align the terminal with the connector housing. Thus, the time for inserting the terminal into the connector housing can be shortened. That is, the wire harness assemblability can be greatly improved. In particular, the effect is great when the wire size is reduced and the wire is difficult to rotate.

The size of the insulated wire is not particularly limited, but is preferably a thin wire. In particular, the circumscribed circle diameter (D) of the electric wire is preferably 1 mm or less. Moreover, it is preferable that a nominal cross-sectional area is 0.13 mm < ² > or less. This is because such a thin wire is particularly difficult to rotate.

  The insulated wire according to the present invention is formed by, for example, extruding an insulating layer material kneaded using a commonly used kneader such as a Banbury mixer, a pressure kneader, or a roll on the outer periphery of a wire conductor using a normal extruder or the like. It can be manufactured by coating.

  At this time, in order to obtain an insulated electric wire having an irregular cross-sectional shape, for example, the shape of the die hole when extruding the insulating layer material may be set to a desired shape as described above, and the insulating layer may be extrusion coated on the outer periphery of the conductor. .

  EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

(Production of insulated wires)
Using a die in which the shape of the die hole is a desired shape, an insulating layer material is extrusion coated on the outer periphery of a conductor having an outer diameter of 0.45 mm by an extruder, and the cross-sectional shapes and circumscribed circle diameters shown in Table 1 are used. And each insulated wire used as an inscribed circle diameter was produced. Next, a terminal was crimped and connected to the end of each manufactured insulated wire.

(Evaluation of wire harness assembly)
The wire harness assemblability was evaluated based on the ease of inserting the terminal connected to the terminal of each insulated wire into the connector housing (terminal insertion property). That is, the time for inserting 10 terminals into a connector housing having 10 cavities was measured, and this was performed for 10 connector housings, and the average of the required time was evaluated. As a result, with respect to the time taken to insert the insulated wire having a conventional cross-sectional shape, the case where the time was within 97% was marked with ◯, and the time when the time was within 90% was marked with ◎.

  Table 1 shows the evaluation results.

  According to Table 1, the ratio of the circumscribed circle diameter (D) to the inscribed circle diameter (d) (D / d) is not within a specific range for each insulated wire according to the comparative example, and the terminal insertion property It is inferior to.

  In contrast, each insulated wire according to the example has a ratio (D / d) within a specific range, and it was confirmed that the terminal insertability was excellent and the wire harness assembly property was excellent. Moreover, when the ratio (D / d) was in the range of 1.3 to 1.5, it was confirmed that the terminal insertion property was particularly excellent. This is because by making the ratio (D / d) within a specific range, the electric wire is easily hooked on the finger, and the electric wire can be rotated to easily align the terminal with the connector housing. Conceivable.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

It is sectional drawing showing the insulated wire whose cross-sectional shape is substantially elliptical. It is sectional drawing showing the insulated wire whose cross-sectional shape is a substantially triangle. It is sectional drawing showing the insulated wire whose cross-sectional shape is substantially square. It is sectional drawing showing the insulated wire whose cross-sectional shape is a substantially pentagon. It is sectional drawing showing the insulated wire whose cross-sectional shape is a substantially petal shape. It is sectional drawing showing the insulated wire whose cross-sectional shape is a substantially star shape. It is sectional drawing showing the insulated wire of the shape which has a bulging part which a cross-sectional shape swells radially from the circumference in the substantially elliptical shape. It is sectional drawing showing the insulated wire of the shape which has a bulging part which a cross-sectional shape swells radially from the circumference in the substantially circular shape.

Explanation of symbols

10a to 10i Insulated wire 12 Conductor 14 Insulating layers 16f to 16i Swelling portions 18f and 18g Recessed portions

Claims (1)

It is a wire harness used as an automobile wire including an insulated wire in which an insulating layer is coated on the outer periphery of a conductor,
  A ratio (D / d) of a circumscribed circle diameter (D) and an inscribed circle diameter (d) of the insulating layer in a cross-sectional shape of the insulated wire is in a range of 1.1 to 1.5;
  The circumscribed circle diameter (D) of the insulating layer is 1 mm or less,
  The cross-sectional shape is a substantially elliptical shape, a substantially polygonal shape, a substantially petal shape, or a substantially star shape,
  The location in contact with the circumscribed circle of the insulating layer is in the range of 2-12 locations,
  The conductor is circular in cross section;
  The wire harness characterized by the terminal being connected to the terminal of the said insulated wire.

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