JP5164682B2 - Water vapor generating and moving up device and method of generating artificial rain - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a water vapor generation / movement / lifting apparatus used for effectively generating artificial rain and a method for generating artificial rain using the water vapor generation / movement / lifting apparatus.

Artificial rainfall has been tried as a drought countermeasure. However, since the artificial rain that has been carried out so far is artificially rained by spraying dry ice on naturally occurring cloud particles, it is necessary to wait for the generation of cloud particles, Because it depends on chance, it was difficult to generate artificial rain effectively at the necessary place at the required time. An example of a technique related to artificial rainfall is described in Patent Document 1.
Patent Document 2 describes a technique for forming a shallow seawater pool, irradiating sunlight to evaporate water vapor, and generating an updraft.

JP 2003-88257 A JP-A-57-150328

  Regarding the artificial rain technology, the present inventor disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-71406 a steam generator generating apparatus capable of generating steam steam on a large scale by irradiating sunlight on a member having a capillary action. Invented and filed.

  However, in the conventional technology, it is difficult to control the amount of water vapor generated, and when the seawater is sucked up by capillary action, the salt is attached to the member after the sucked seawater evaporates and becomes a capillary tube. Although the function is lowered, a great deal of labor is required to remove the salt.

  In order to generate artificial rain effectively, it is important and necessary to raise the generated water vapor to the required height. Moreover, since the rising height of the steaming unit suitable for artificial rainfall varies depending on the situation, it is necessary to be able to control the rising height of the steaming unit.

  However, in the conventional technology, there is no description about the movement of water vapor for placing the generated water vapor group on the rising air flow and the control of the height of the water vapor increase. Furthermore, it is also necessary to evacuate the device that generates the water vapor groups when the weather conditions are rough due to the typhoon.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of such circumstances, and the function of the capillary tube for moving the generated water vapor in the required direction or raising it to the required height and generating the water vapor It is an object of the present invention to provide a water vapor generation / movement / lifting device capable of sustaining water and a method for generating artificial rain that can effectively generate artificial rain using the water vapor generation / movement / lifting device. .

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the water vapor generating and moving up device of the present invention floats on the water surface of the water source, absorbs the water below the water surface by capillary action, and forms a water film above the water surface. A plurality of forming members are arranged, and a water vapor generating device that generates a water vapor by evaporating the water film by irradiating the water film forming member with sunlight, and is arranged around the water vapor generating device It is a steam group generation movement raising device composed of an atmospheric heating control device, wherein the atmospheric heating control device is provided with a plurality of heating members colored on the surface, and when the heating member is irradiated with sunlight The energy absorption rate from the irradiated sunlight is controlled to control the moving direction and the rising altitude of the atmosphere including the water vapor group generated by the water vapor group generating device.

  Sunlight is radiated to the heat-generating member whose surface is colored and converted into heat, and the water vapor is heated to the atmosphere containing the water vapor, and the water vapor is raised to an appropriate height. Therefore, artificial rain can be generated effectively.

  Since the light energy absorption rate from the irradiated sunlight varies depending on the color of the heat generating member, the light energy from the irradiated sunlight is determined by determining the color of the heat generating member according to the rain plan area, weather conditions, etc. It is possible to control the heat generation rate by changing the absorption rate, and thereby to control the elevation of the water vapor generated by the water vapor generating device.

In the present invention, the water film forming member can be formed by attaching a sheet having a capillary action to a first hollow body that can be filled with air.
When the water film forming member is formed in this way, when the first hollow body is filled with air, the first hollow body floats on the water surface and is irradiated with sunlight, and water formed by the water film forming member is formed. When the film evaporates and is converted into water vapor, and when the air is extracted from the first hollow body, the first hollow body sinks below the water surface and is not easily irradiated with sunlight, and generation of water vapor is suppressed. The Therefore, the amount of water vapor generated can be controlled by a simple operation of adjusting the amount of air filled in the first hollow body.

  When the water film forming member is used while floating on the seawater surface, salt remains on the water film forming member due to the generation of water vapor, and if left untreated, the capillary does not function effectively, Since the film formation will be adversely affected, it is necessary to remove the salt. However, when the air is extracted from the first hollow body, the water film forming member becomes submerged in water, and the water film forming member The salt adhering to the salt dissolves in water, so that the operation of removing the salt is unnecessary and the convenience is high.

  Furthermore, the water film forming member is easy to fold because its volume decreases and becomes flexible when air is extracted from the first hollow body. Therefore, in the case of bad weather such as when a typhoon strikes, the water film forming member can be easily retracted by removing air from the first hollow body.

In the present invention, a plurality of the first hollow bodies may be provided, and an air insertion / exhaust port may be provided in each of the first hollow bodies.
By providing a plurality of first hollow bodies, selecting one that fills air and one that draws air from among the plurality of first hollow bodies, only the hollow body filled with air is obtained. The hollow body that floats on the surface of the water and generates water vapor, and the air is removed from the water, is submerged in water and does not generate water vapor. Since each hollow body is provided with an air insertion / discharge port, this operation can be performed for each hollow body, and the amount of water vapor generated can be controlled by a simple method. Actually, the proportion of the hollow body filled with air may be determined in accordance with the planned rainfall.

In the present invention, the heat generating member can be formed of a second hollow body that can be filled with air.
When the second hollow body is filled with air, the hollow body floats on the surface of the water and absorbs the irradiation light energy from sunlight, and when the air in the hollow body is removed, it exists in the water in a folded state. Does not absorb the heat of irradiation from sunlight. Therefore, only when it is desired to raise the water vapor and generate artificial rain, it is possible to function as a water vapor rise control device by filling the hollow body with air and floating on the water surface.

In the present invention, the second hollow body may be provided with a heat insulating material on the surface thereof, and the heat insulating material may be colored.
Although the surface of the second hollow body may be colored directly, a heat insulating material is provided on the surface of the second hollow body, and the heat insulating material is colored so that it is hollow. Heat is not easily conducted to the air inside the body or the water located below the hollow body, and the water vapor located above the hollow body can be intensively and efficiently heated. For this reason, the heating of the steam group can be effectively performed.

In the present invention, a plurality of the second hollow bodies are provided, an air insertion / exhaust port is provided in each of the second hollow bodies, and each of the second hollow bodies is colored. can do.
Depending on the situation, only a specific hollow body can be filled with air so as to function as a heat generating member. Therefore, the degree of heating of water vapor can be adjusted only by selecting a hollow body filled with air. Therefore, by using the selected hollow body as a heat generating member according to the required rising height of the steam group, the rising height of the steam team can be easily controlled.

  In the present invention, a plurality of the water film forming members and the heat generating member are disposed in a predetermined water area, and a plurality of the water film forming members are not disposed in another water area different from the predetermined water area. A heat generating member may be provided.

  The steam group generated on the predetermined water area is heated and raised by the heat generating member, and moves in the horizontal direction when reaching the ascent height. On the other hand, a steam group generated on another water area different from the predetermined water area is not heated because a non-heat generating member is disposed on the water surface of this water area. Therefore, the steam group generated on the other water area different from the predetermined water area does not rise, and flows into the air space where the atmospheric pressure is lowered on the predetermined water area. By such a mechanism, it is possible to generate a stream of air by moving the water vapor in any direction on different water areas.

The method for generating artificial rain according to the present invention is characterized in that, using any of the above-mentioned water vapor generating and moving apparatus, the atmosphere containing the water vapor is raised and moved to generate raindrops, thereby causing artificial rain. .
When using the apparatus for generating and moving a steam group according to the present invention, it is possible not only to generate a steam group on the surface of the water, but also to effectively raise and move the generated steam group, without being influenced by chance, It is possible to make artificial rain systematically.

  According to the present invention, the generated water vapor can be moved in the required direction or raised to the required height, and the function of the capillary tube for generating the water vapor can be maintained and the water vapor generated and moved up. An apparatus can be realized, and artificial rain can be effectively generated by using the water vapor group generating and moving up apparatus.

Below, this invention is demonstrated based on the embodiment.
In FIG. 1, 1st Embodiment of the water film formation member used in the steam-team production | generation movement raising apparatus of this invention is shown.
In FIG. 1, a water film forming member 1 is formed by mounting a sheet 1b having a capillary action on the surface of a columnar column 1a. The water film forming member 1 is formed of a substance having a specific gravity smaller than that of water and floats on a water surface such as a sea water surface or a fresh water surface. Note that the shape of the water film forming member 1 is not limited to the cylindrical shape illustrated in FIG. Moreover, the sheet | seat 1b should just have a capillary action, and a cotton cloth, a linen, a porous sheet | seat, etc. can be used.

  The lower part of the water film forming member 1 is immersed under the water surface, and the sheet 1b absorbs water by capillary action and sucks it up. The sucked-up water becomes a water film and is positioned above the water surface. The water film is irradiated with sunlight to generate water vapor. Since this water film forming member 1 can form a thin water film, it is easy to heat the water film to the evaporation temperature by irradiation with sunlight, and to easily generate water vapor. it can. By arranging a plurality of such water film forming members 1 as necessary, a steam group can be generated.

In FIG. 2, 2nd Embodiment of the water film formation member used in the steam-team production | generation movement raising apparatus of this invention is shown. Fig.2 (a) is a top view of a water film formation member, FIG.2 (b) is the side view.
In FIG. 2 (a), the water film forming member 2 has a sheet 2c having a capillary action on most of the surface of a joined body 2b formed by bonding a plurality of hollow bodies 2a capable of filling and discharging air. Mounted and formed. Here, the hollow body 2a is formed as a rectangular parallelepiped column, but the shape is not limited thereto, and may be, for example, an elliptical column. Further, in the water film forming member 2, the joined body 2b of the hollow body 2a and the sheet 2c having a capillary action may be integrally formed.

  The hollow body 2a is provided with an air plug 2d that functions as an air insertion / exhaust port, and the air plug 2d fills the hollow body 2a with air and discharges air from the hollow body 2a. A hollow body 2e for reliably floating the air plug 2d on the water surface can be provided near the air plug 2d. When this hollow body 2e is provided, the air plug 2d can be easily opened and closed. In addition, an air pump can be provided in the vicinity of the air plug 2d, and air can be taken into and out of the hollow body 2a by remote control. 2 shows the hollow body 2e provided only at one end of the hollow body 2a, the hollow body 2e can be provided at both ends of the hollow body 2a. Furthermore, it can also be set as the structure which provides an air stopper in the hollow body 2e and takes in / out air.

  According to this embodiment, it is the same as in the first embodiment that a thin water film is formed by the water film forming member 2 and the water film is raised to the evaporation temperature by irradiation of sunlight to generate water vapor. Furthermore, when the air is extracted from the hollow body 2a by the functions of the hollow body 2a and the air plug 2d, the hollow body 2a sinks below the surface of the water and is not easily irradiated with sunlight, and the generation of water vapor is suppressed. The amount of water vapor generated can be controlled.

Further, since the water film forming member 2 is submerged in water, the salt attached to the water film forming member 2 is dissolved in the water, so that the operation of removing the salt is not required, and the water film forming member 2 can be easily operated. The function of can be sustained.
Since a plurality of the hollow bodies 2a are provided, when the air is extracted from only the specific hollow body 2a, the hollow body 2a sinks, so that the amount of water vapor generated by the water film forming member 2 can be controlled. Further, when air is extracted from all the hollow bodies 2a, the volume of the water film forming member 2 is reduced and becomes flexible, so that it can be folded and moved easily.

  In this way, in a state where air is put in all of the hollow body 2a, the water film forming member 2 floats flat on the water surface, and when the air is drawn from all of the hollow body 2a, the water film forming member 2 sinks in water. If the water film forming member 2 spreads horizontally in the water when the water film forming member 2 is submerged in the water, the water film forming member 2 blocks sunlight and the lower side of the water film forming member 2 Sunlight does not reach the aquatic plants and animals that inhabit the islands, and these animals and plants may be adversely affected.

  In order to avoid such a situation, when the hollow body 2e provided at one end of the hollow body 2a is filled with air, the water film forming member 2 has the hollow body 2e positioned above, The hollow body 2a from which air has been extracted is positioned below, and the water film forming member 2 floats perpendicularly to the water surface, thereby suppressing the water film forming member 2 from blocking sunlight. can do. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the water film forming member 2 from adversely affecting the habitat of animals and plants in the water.

The length L1, the width L2, and the height L3 of the water film forming member 2 are appropriately determined in consideration of weather conditions, geographical conditions, and the like. As an example, L1 can be 100 m, L2 can be 1 m, and L3 can be 0.1 m.
The surface color of the water film forming member 1 and the water film forming member 2 described above is preferably black from the viewpoint of efficiently absorbing heat from sunlight and evaporating the water film. It can be selected as appropriate.
Moreover, in the water film formation member 2, it is also possible to insert a heat insulating sheet between the joined body 2b of the hollow body 2a and the sheet 2c having a capillary action. Moreover, you may form these integrally.

In FIG. 3, the top view which looked at the water vapor group production | generation movement raising apparatus of this invention from the sky side is shown.
In FIG. 3, the water film forming members 1 and the heat generating members 11 are alternately arranged for each row and float on the water surface. The water film forming member 1 functions as a steam group generating device, and the heat generating member 11 functions as an atmospheric heating control device. The arrangement pattern of the water film forming member 1 and the heat generating member 11 is not limited to that shown in FIG. 3, and the heat generating member 11 only needs to be arranged around the water film forming member 1.
In the above arrangement, the water film forming member 2 according to the second embodiment may be arranged instead of the water film forming member 1.

In FIG. 4, 1st Embodiment of the heat generating member used in the steam-team production | generation movement raising apparatus of this invention is shown. FIG. 4A shows an enlarged plan view of the heat generating member 11, and FIG. 4B shows a side view of the heat generating member 11.
The length L4, width L5, and height L6 of the heat generating member 11 are appropriately determined in consideration of the dimensions of the water film forming member 1, weather conditions, geographical conditions, and the like. As an example, L4 can be 100 m, L5 can be 1 m, and L6 can be 0.1 m.

  The surface of the heat generating member 11 is colored. When the heat generating member 11 is irradiated with sunlight, light energy from the sunlight is absorbed and converted into heat. Since the heat generating member 11 is disposed around the water film forming member 1, the water vapor generated by the water film forming member 1 is heated by the heat generating member 11 to generate an ascending air current, and a steam group with high humidity in the sky. That is, a cloud is generated.

  In order to generate artificial rain effectively, it is necessary to control the height at which the water vapor rises, and this rise height depends on how much the water vapor is heated. Since the light energy absorption rate of the heat generating member 11 varies depending on the color of the heat generating member 11, the situation in which the water vapor group is heated by the heat generating member 11 varies depending on the color of the heat generating member 11. That is, the heat generating member 11 functions as a heating control device for the steam group, and as a result, the elevation altitude of the steam group can be controlled. For example, when black is applied to the heat generating member 11, the heat absorption rate is maximized because the light energy of visible light in all wavelength bands is absorbed. In addition, when other colors are used, the light energy of visible light in a wavelength band other than that color is absorbed, so that the light energy absorption rate corresponding to each color can be obtained.

  The steam group that reaches the sky is cooled and rained as raindrops. Airflow is flowing in the sky, and if the height at which the airflow exists is detected, the steam group can be raised to that height and placed on the airflow. Thereby, it is possible to make artificial rain even on land located in the direction in which the airflow flows. Thus, according to the present invention, it is possible to artificially perform not only the generation of water vapor but also the formation of raindrops by raising the generated water vapor to a predetermined height. This is a very different point.

In FIG. 5, 2nd Embodiment of the heat generating member used in the steam-team production | generation movement raising apparatus of this invention is shown.
Fig.5 (a) shows the top view which looked at the heat generating member 15 from the sky side, and FIG.5 (b) is the side view. Also in this embodiment, the length L4, the width L5, and the height L6 of the heat generating member 15 are appropriately determined in consideration of the dimensions of the water film forming member 1, weather conditions, geographical conditions, and the like. As an example, L4 can be 100 m, L5 can be 1 m, and L6 can be 0.1 m.
In FIG. 5A, the heat generating member 15 is formed by combining a plurality of hollow bodies 16 that can be filled with air, and each hollow body 16 has air that functions as an air insertion / exhaust port. A plug 17 is provided.

  In a state where the hollow body 16 is filled with air, the hollow body 16 floats on the surface of the water, and the surface of the hollow body 16 is irradiated with sunlight, and the surrounding water vapor is heated by heat converted from light energy. Rise. Moreover, if the air plug 17 is operated and the air in all the hollow bodies 16 is extracted, the hollow bodies 16 are folded small and submerged in water. Therefore, at this time, the hollow body 16 is not irradiated with sunlight and does not function as the heat generating member 15. In this way, the hollow body 16 can be caused to function as the heat generating member 15 only when necessary by simply operating the air plug 17 of the hollow body 16. The opening / closing operation of the air plug 17 can be controlled wirelessly by providing a remote control device.

  The plurality of hollow bodies 16 can be given the same coloring, but each hollow body 16 can also be given a different coloring. If the coloration is different, when the hollow body 16 is irradiated with sunlight, the light energy absorption rate absorbed as light energy changes. Therefore, the hollow body 16 of a specific color is filled with air, When air is extracted from the hollow body 16, the hollow body 16 that has been evacuated is deflated by the side pressure from the hollow body 16 filled with air and does not function as the heat generating member 15. Therefore, only the hollow body 16 having a specific color can be caused to function as the heat generating member 15 depending on the situation, and the amount of heat absorbed by the water vapor group by the heat generating member 15 can be adjusted.

FIG. 6 shows an example in which a heat insulating material is provided on the surface of the hollow body.
In FIG. 6, a heat insulating sheet 18 made of a heat insulating material is provided on the surface of the hollow body 16, and the heat insulating material 18 is colored. The heat generated by the sunlight irradiation by the heat insulating sheet 18 is less likely to be transferred to the air in the hollow body 16 or the water located below the hollow body 16, and the water vapor located above the hollow body 16 is efficiently transferred. Can be heated.
In FIG. 6, the heat insulating sheet 18 is provided only on the upper surface of the hollow body 16, but the heat insulating sheet 18 may be provided on the entire surface of the hollow body 16.

In FIG. 7, an example of the water vapor group production | generation movement raising apparatus which has arrange | positioned the water film formation member and the heat generating member is shown.
In FIG. 7, the plurality of water film forming members 1 and the heat generating members 11 are arranged inside the frame body 21 and float on the water surface 23 in the frame body 21. The frame body 21 is connected to an anchor 22 fixed to the water bottom 24 so as not to drift due to water flow. When it is desired to move the water film forming member 1 and the heat generating member 11 to different places, the water film forming member 1 and the heat generating member 11 can be moved together with the frame body 21 by removing the anchor 22.
Moreover, in order to prevent drifting simply, it is also possible to cover the water film forming member 1 and the heat generating member 11 with a net and connect them to a basket.
In the above arrangement, the water film forming member 2 may be arranged instead of the water film forming member 1, or the heat generating member 15 may be arranged instead of the heat generating member 11.

FIG. 8 shows another example of the steam generating / moving / lifting device in which the water film forming member and the heat generating member are arranged.
In FIG. 8, a plurality of water film forming members 1 and heat generating members 11 are disposed in a water body A inside a frame body 21 and float on the water surface 23 in the frame body 21. On the other hand, a plurality of water film forming members 1 and non-heat generating members 30 are disposed inside the frame body 21 in the water area B separated from the water area A, and float on the water surface 23 in the frame body 21. doing. The frame body 21 is connected to an anchor 22 fixed to the water bottom 24 so as not to drift due to water flow.

  The non-heating member 30 is a member having the same structure as the heating member 11 or the heating member 15 described with reference to FIGS. It is made silver-white by attaching aluminum foil or the like. Since silver white reflects most sunlight, sunlight energy is not converted into heat, and therefore the surrounding atmosphere is not heated in the water area where the non-heating member 30 is disposed.

  The steam group C generated on the water area A is heated and rises by the heat generating member 11 and moves in the horizontal direction when reaching the ascent height. On the other hand, the steam group D is also generated on the water area B. However, since the non-heat generating member 30 is disposed on the water surface of the water area B, the steam group D is not heated. Therefore, the steam group D does not rise, and flows into the air space where the air pressure after the steam team C rises on the water area A is lowered. By such a mechanism, an air flow can be formed between the water area A and the water area B. Since it is arbitrary how to determine the water area A and the water area B, by this method, an air stream can be generated by moving a water vapor group in an arbitrary direction to cause artificial rain.

In this example, when it is desired to significantly increase the water vapor group generated on the water area A, the color of the heat generating member 11 may be black, and the color of the heat generating member 11 depends on the altitude at which the water vapor group is to be increased. It can be determined as appropriate.
Also in the above arrangement, the water film forming member 2 may be arranged instead of the water film forming member 1, or the heat generating member 15 may be arranged instead of the heat generating member 11.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be widely used for drought countermeasures and the like as a device that can effectively generate artificial rain.

It is a figure which shows 1st Embodiment of the water film formation member used in the water vapor group production | generation movement raising apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows 2nd Embodiment of the water film formation member used in the water vapor group production | generation movement raising apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows the water vapor group production | generation movement raising apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows 1st Embodiment of a heat generating member. It is a figure which shows 2nd Embodiment of a heat generating member. It is a figure which shows the example which provided the heat insulating material in the surface of the hollow body. It is a figure which shows an example of the water vapor group production | generation movement raising apparatus which has arrange | positioned the water film formation member and the heat generating member. It is a figure which shows the other example of the steam-team production | generation movement raising apparatus which has arrange | positioned the water film formation member and the heat generating member.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Water film forming member 1a Column 1b Sheet 2 Water film forming member 2a Hollow body 2b Joined body 2c Sheet 2d Air plug 2e Hollow body 11 Heat generating member 15 Heat generating member 16 Hollow body 17 Air plug 18 Heat insulating sheet 21 Frame body 22 Anchor 23 Water surface 24 Water bottom 30 Non-heating member
A, B Water C, D

Claims (8)

  A plurality of water film forming members are arranged to float on the water surface of the water source, absorb water below the water surface by capillary action to form a water film above the water surface, and the water film forming member is irradiated with sunlight. A steam group generating and raising apparatus comprising: a steam group generating device that evaporates the water film to generate a steam group; and an atmospheric heating control device disposed around the steam group generating device, wherein the atmospheric heating The control device has a plurality of heat generating members colored on the surface, and controls the energy absorption rate from the irradiated sunlight when the heat generating member is irradiated with sunlight to generate the water vapor group. An apparatus for generating and moving water vapor generating and moving, characterized by controlling the moving direction and rising altitude of the atmosphere including water vapor generated by the apparatus.   2. The water vapor generating and moving up apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the water film forming member is formed by attaching a sheet having a capillary action to a first hollow body capable of being filled with air. .   3. The steam generator generating and moving up apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of the first hollow bodies are provided, and an air insertion / exhaust port is provided in each of the first hollow bodies.   The said heat generating member is formed from the 2nd hollow body which can be filled with air, The steam-team production | generation movement raising apparatus in any one of Claim 1 to 3 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The steam generating / moving / lifting device according to claim 4, wherein the second hollow body is provided with a heat insulating material on a surface thereof, and the heat insulating material is colored.   A plurality of the second hollow bodies are provided, each of the second hollow bodies is provided with an air insertion / discharge port, and each of the second hollow bodies is colored. 4 or 5.   In the predetermined water area, a plurality of the water film forming members and the heat generating member are disposed, and in the other water area different from the predetermined water area, the plurality of water film forming members and the non-heat generating member are arranged. The steam-team production | generation movement raising apparatus in any one of Claim 1 to 6 characterized by the above-mentioned.   An artificial rain characterized by using the water vapor generating and moving up device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 to raise and move the atmosphere containing the water vapor to generate raindrops and to cause artificial rain. How it occurs.

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