JP5147178B2 - 高収率の脱ロウ製品のための脱ロウ触媒の酸素化物処理 - Google Patents
高収率の脱ロウ製品のための脱ロウ触媒の酸素化物処理 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5147178B2 JP5147178B2 JP2005501149A JP2005501149A JP5147178B2 JP 5147178 B2 JP5147178 B2 JP 5147178B2 JP 2005501149 A JP2005501149 A JP 2005501149A JP 2005501149 A JP2005501149 A JP 2005501149A JP 5147178 B2 JP5147178 B2 JP 5147178B2
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- Prior art keywords
- hydrodewaxing
- catalyst
- hydrocarbon
- waxy
- dewaxing
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/12—Oxidising
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- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/064—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/068—Noble metals
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- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/65—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the ferrierite type, e.g. types ZSM-21, ZSM-35 or ZSM-38, as exemplified by patent documents US4046859, US4016245 and US4046859, respectively
- B01J29/66—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the ferrierite type, e.g. types ZSM-21, ZSM-35 or ZSM-38, as exemplified by patent documents US4046859, US4016245 and US4046859, respectively containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/67—Noble metals
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- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/72—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
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- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/72—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
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- B01J37/16—Reducing
- B01J37/18—Reducing with gases containing free hydrogen
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- C10G2/30—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
- C10G2/32—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts
- C10G2/33—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G2/331—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts characterised by the catalyst used containing group VIII-metals
- C10G2/332—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts characterised by the catalyst used containing group VIII-metals of the iron-group
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
- C10G2/30—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
- C10G2/32—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts
- C10G2/33—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G2/331—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts characterised by the catalyst used containing group VIII-metals
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- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
- C10G45/58—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
- C10G45/60—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used
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Description
(a)天然ガスから合成ガスを製造する工程;
(b)燃料および潤滑油の沸点範囲で沸騰する留分を含んでなるワックス質炭化水素を合成するのに有効な反応条件で、非コバルト・フィッシャー−トロプシュ触媒の存在下にガス中のH2とCOを反応させる工程;および
(c)少なくとも一部のワックス質炭化水素を品質向上設備に移し、そこでそれらを、水素および酸素化物含有炭化水素と接触させてある非硫化触媒を用いて水素化脱ロウする工程
に関する。天然ガスが合成ガスに転化されるプロセスは、合成ガスはその次には炭化水素に転化されるが、ガス転化プロセスと呼ばれる。従って、この実施形態は、水素化脱ロウによる製品品質向上を加えたガス転化プロセスに関する。
700°F+転化率=[1−(製品中の700°F+留分重量%)/(原料中の700°F+重量%)]×100
ZSM−48触媒は、500°F(260℃)の温度および500psig(3549kPa)の圧力で、流動水素中で6時間還元した。水素流速は、時間当たりのガス空間速度(GHSV)445であった。還元の後、水素流れおよび圧力を維持しながら、温度を350°F(177℃)に下げ、次に、フィッシャー−トロプシュ450°F+(232℃)酸素化物含有液体ワックスを、反応器の中に6時間にわたりゆっくり導入して、触媒を処理した。圧力、水素、および、反応器への1LHSVの酸素化物含有ワックス流速を維持しながら、温度を610〜630°F(321〜332℃)の水素化脱ロウ温度範囲に上げ、脱ロウを50日間続けた。次いで、原料を、320°F+(160℃)および700°F+(371℃+)ワックス質異性体に、45日間順番に切替えた。これらの異性体は、予め部分的に水素化脱ロウされており、酸素化物を含んでいなかった。これらの異性体は、酸素化物含有フィッシャー・トロプシュ・ワックスを水素化脱ロウすることによって得た。この処理済触媒の結果を図1〜6に示す。
この実施例は、還元した触媒の処理を除いて実施例1と同様であった。この実験では、還元した触媒を酸素化物含有フィッシャー−トロプシュ・ワックスで処理する代わりに、還元した触媒を、320°F+(160℃+)酸素化物フリーのワックス質異性体中に6時間浸漬した。次いで、実施例1のように、温度を570〜620°F(299〜327℃)の水素化脱ロウ範囲に上げた。水素化脱ロウ反応を45日間運転し、その間に、原料を、320°F+(160℃+)異性体から700°F+(371℃+)異性体(やはり酸素化物フリー)に切替えた。結果を図1〜3に示す。上記実施例1で議論した。
この実験では、実施例1のように、カ焼した触媒を還元し、次いで、700°F(371℃+)および500psig(3549kPa)で4時間、水素中の2%硫化水素でそれを処理することによって硫化した。硫化の後、それを、酸素化物フリーの320°F+(160℃+)ワックス質異性体を有するストリームに、540〜580°F(282〜304℃)の温度で、2500SCF/Bおよび500psig(3549kPa)の純粋水素を使用して、約20日間置いた。ワックス質異性体供給速度は、1LHSVであった。次いで、原料を、450°F+(232℃)酸素化物含有フィッシャー−トロプシュ・ワックスに切替え、更に84日間、同じ条件で運転した。この結果を、実施例1の本発明の処理済触媒と比較して、図4、5および6に示す。
この実験は、あらゆる点で実施例1のそれと同様だった。ただし、(i)処理後、原料のままのワックスを、600°F(316℃)および500psig(3549kPa)水素で6日間だけ脱ロウした。次いで、(ii)圧力を、250psig(1825kPa)まで下げ、更に25日間脱ロウを続け、その後、原料を、原料のままのワックスから、600°F(316℃)および250psig(1724kPa)で脱ロウした上記軽質異性体に切替えたことを除く。軽質異性体に対する脱ロウの結果を、図7および8に示す。
この実験は、実施例1および2のそれと同様であった。ただし、この触媒は、500°F(260℃)および500psig(3549kPa)の代わりに、250°F(121℃)および250psig(1825kPa)で還元し、水素化脱ロウの前に、酸素化物含有ワックスの代わりに、上記酸素化物含有軽質油を使用して、250psig(1724kPa)および350°F(177℃)で還元した触媒を処理したことことを除く。次いで、温度を600°F(316℃)に上げ、原料を、異性体原料の700〜950°F(371〜482℃)留分に、14日だけのラインアウト時間にわたりゆっくりと切替えた。この実施例の軽質油で処理した触媒によって脱ロウされた軽質異性体に対する脱ロウの結果を、図7〜8に示す。
接触脱ロウを、750psig(5272kPa)H2、1.0LHSV、2500SCF/BBL(445m3/m3)のガス処理比で行った。5ccの触媒を14/35メッシュに粉砕し、希釈剤と混合した。全ての触媒の場合、原料は、水素異性化されたフィッシャー・トロプシュ・ワックスであり、それを分留して、100%MIBKを用いた溶剤脱ロウ法で測定して、6.42%のワックス含量を有する名目上700°F+の原料を製造した。
Claims (31)
- 非コバルト助触媒成分を含有するフィッシャー−トロプシュコバルト触媒上で製造されるワックス質フィッシャー−トロプシュ炭化水素の水素化脱ロウ方法であって、
第VIII族金属成分およびZSM−48モレキュラーシーブを含んでなる処理された非硫化水素化脱ロウ触媒の存在下、前記ワックス質炭化水素を水素化脱ロウし、その流動点および曇り点を低下させるのに有効な反応条件で、前記ワックス質炭化水素を水素と接触させる工程を含んでなり、
前記水素化脱ロウ触媒は、前記水素化脱ロウの前に、還元され、次いで前記水素化脱ロウ触媒の脱ロウ選択性を向上するために、1種以上の酸素化物を、酸素として測定して少なくとも100wppmの量で含む炭化水素ストリームで処理されたものであり、
前記酸素化物は、ヒドロキシル、モノアルコール、多価アルコール、エステル、エーテル、ケトン、アルデヒド、カルボン酸またはこれらの混合物を含む官能基を有する分子並びに水から選ばれる
ことを特徴とする水素化脱ロウ方法。 - 前記処理に使用される前記炭化水素ストリームは、非コバルト助触媒成分を含有するコバルト触媒からなるフィッシャー−トロプシュ触媒上で製造されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記非コバルト助触媒成分は、Fe、Ni、Ru、ReおよびRhのうちの少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記非コバルト助触媒成分は、FeまたはRuであることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記酸素化物は、1種以上の酸素含有分子を含んでなることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記1種以上の酸素化物は、酸素として測定して少なくとも200wppmの量で存在することを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記水素化脱ロウされた炭化水素は、(a)燃料基材油および(b)潤滑基材油のうちの少なくとも1種を含んでなることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記基材油は、水素精製され、かつ場合により脱ヘイズされていることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記基材油は、潤滑基材油を含んでなり、前記潤滑基材油は、1種以上の潤滑油添加剤と混合されて潤滑油を形成することを特徴とする請求項7または8に記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- ワックス質炭化水素を合成し、水素化脱ロウする方法であって、
非コバルト助触媒成分を含有する非シフト化フィッシャー−トロプシュ炭化水素合成コバルト触媒の存在下、ワックス質炭化水素を形成するのに有効な反応条件で、H2とCOを反応させる工程;および
水素、並びに第VIII族金属成分およびZSM−48モレキュラーシーブを含んでなる非硫化水素化脱ロウ触媒の存在下、前記ワックス質炭化水素を水素化脱ロウし、その流動点および曇り点を低下させ、燃料および/または潤滑油の沸点範囲で沸騰する1種以上の水素化脱ロウされた炭化水素留分を製造するのに有効な反応条件で、前記ワックス質炭化水素の少なくとも一部を水素化脱ロウする工程
を含んでなり、
前記水素化脱ロウ触媒は、前記水素化脱ロウの前に、還元され、次いで前記水素化脱ロウ触媒の脱ロウ選択性を向上するために、1種以上の酸素化物を、酸素として測定して少なくとも100wppmの量で含む炭化水素ストリームで処理されたものであり、
前記酸素化物は、ヒドロキシル、モノアルコール、多価アルコール、エステル、エーテル、ケトン、アルデヒド、カルボン酸またはこれらの混合物を含む官能基を有する分子並びに水から選ばれる
ことを特徴とする水素化脱ロウ方法。 - 前記非コバルト助触媒成分は、Fe、Ni、Ru、ReおよびRhのうちの少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記酸素化物は、1種以上の酸素含有分子を含んでなることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記1種以上の酸素化物の少なくとも一部は、前記処理用炭化水素に生来のものであり、酸素として測定して少なくとも200wppmの量で存在することを特徴とする請求項12に記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記脱ロウされた炭化水素は、燃料基材油および潤滑基材油のうちの1種以上を含んでなり、1種以上の基材油は、水素精製され、かつ場合により脱ヘイズされることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記基材油は、潤滑油を形成するために、1種以上の潤滑油添加剤と混合される潤滑基材油を含んでなることを特徴とする請求項14に記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 非コバルト助触媒成分を含有するフィッシャー−トロプシュコバルト触媒上で製造されるワックス質フィッシャー−トロプシュ炭化水素の水素化脱ロウ方法であって、
ZSM−48モレキュラーシーブおよび第VIII族金属成分を含んでなる非硫化水素化脱ロウ触媒の存在下、前記ワックス質炭化水素を水素化脱ロウし、その流動点および曇り点を低下させるのに有効な反応条件で、1種以上の酸素化物を、酸素として測定して少なくとも100wppmの量で含む前記ワックス質炭化水素を水素と接触させる工程を含んでなり、
前記水素化脱ロウ触媒は、還元され、次いで前記水素化脱ロウ触媒の脱ロウ選択性を向上するために、前記ワックス質炭化水素で処理されたものであり、
前記酸素化物は、ヒドロキシル、モノアルコール、多価アルコール、エステル、エーテル、ケトン、アルデヒド、カルボン酸またはこれらの混合物を含む官能基を有する分子並びに水から選ばれる
ことを特徴とする水素化脱ロウ方法。 - 前記酸素化物は、1種以上の酸素含有分子を含んでなることを特徴とする請求項16に記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記非コバルト助触媒成分は、Fe、Ni、Ru、ReおよびRhのうちの少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする請求項16に記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記酸素化物は、酸素として測定して少なくとも200wppmの量で存在することを特徴とする請求項17に記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- FeおよびRuのうちの少なくとも1種の助触媒成分を含有するフィッシャー−トロプシュコバルト触媒上で製造されるフィッシャー−トロプシュ炭化水素を水素化脱ロウする方法であって、
第VIII族金属成分並びにZSM−48モレキュラーシーブの脱ロウ成分を含んでなる、処理された非硫化水素化脱ロウ触媒の存在下、前記ワックス質炭化水素を水素化脱ロウし、その流動点および曇り点を低下させるのに有効な反応条件で、前記炭化水素を水素と接触させる工程を含んでなり、
前記水素化脱ロウ触媒は、前記水素化脱ロウの前に、還元され、次いで前記水素化脱ロウ触媒の脱ロウ選択性を向上するために、1種以上の酸素化物を、酸素として測定して少なくとも100wppmの量で含む炭化水素ストリームで処理されたものであり、
前記酸素化物は、ヒドロキシル、モノアルコール、多価アルコール、エステル、エーテル、ケトン、アルデヒド、カルボン酸またはこれらの混合物を含む官能基を有する分子並びに水から選ばれる
ことを特徴とする水素化脱ロウ方法。 - 前記酸素化物は、1種以上の酸素含有分子を含んでなることを特徴とする請求項20に記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 水素化脱ロウするのに有効な前記反応条件は、232〜454℃の温度、170〜13891kPaの圧力、0.1〜5.0の時間当たりの液空間速度および89〜1789m3/m3の時間当たりの処理ガス比を含むことを特徴とする請求項1、10、16または20に記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記水素化脱ロウ触媒は、アルミナまたはアルミナ含有金属酸化物バインダを更に含んでなることを特徴とする請求項1、10、16または20に記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 非コバルト助触媒成分を含有するフィッシャー−トロプシュコバルト触媒上で製造されるワックス質フィッシャー−トロプシュ炭化水素の水素化脱ロウ方法であって、
第VIII族金属成分およびZSM−48モレキュラーシーブの脱ロウ成分を含んでなる、処理された非硫化水素化脱ロウ触媒の存在下、前記ワックス質炭化水素を水素化脱ロウし、その流動点および曇り点を低下させるのに有効な反応条件で、前記炭化水素を水素と接触させる工程を含んでなり、
前記水素化脱ロウ触媒は、前記水素化脱ロウの前に、還元され、次いで前記水素化脱ロウ触媒の脱ロウ選択性を向上するために、酸素として測定して少なくとも100wppmの量の水を含む炭化水素ストリームで処理されたものであり、
前記酸素化物は、ヒドロキシル、モノアルコール、多価アルコール、エステル、エーテル、ケトン、アルデヒド、カルボン酸またはこれらの混合物を含む官能基を有する分子並びに水から選ばれる
ことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記酸素化物は、1種以上の酸素含有分子を含んでなることを特徴とする請求項24に記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記ワックス質炭化水素は、燃料および潤滑油の沸点範囲のいずれかまたは両方で沸騰する炭化水素を含んでなることを特徴とする請求項24に記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 水素化脱ロウするのに有効な前記反応条件は、232〜454℃の温度、170〜13891kPaの圧力、0.1〜5.0の時間当たりの液空間速度および89〜1789m3/m3の処理ガス比を含むことを特徴とする請求項24に記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記水素化脱ロウ触媒は、アルミナまたはアルミナ含有金属酸化物バインダを更に含んでなることを特徴とする請求項24に記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記処理に使用される前記炭化水素ストリームは、非コバルト助触媒成分を有するフィッシャー−トロプシュコバルト触媒上で製造されることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記水素化脱ロウ触媒は、前記ワックス質フィッシャー−トロプシュ炭化水素の前記水素化脱ロウの前に、1種以上の酸素化物を、酸素として測定して少なくとも100wppmの量で含む炭化水素ストリームで、水素化脱ロウ温度未満の開始温度にて、処理されることを特徴とする請求項1、10、16、20または24に記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記水素化脱ロウ触媒は、前記ワックス質フィッシャー−トロプシュ炭化水素の前記水素化脱ロウの前に、水を、酸素として測定して少なくとも100wppmの量で含む炭化水素ストリームで、水素化脱ロウ温度未満の開始温度にて、処理されることを特徴とする請求項24に記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
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US10/652,390 | 2003-08-29 | ||
PCT/US2003/032096 WO2004033586A2 (en) | 2002-10-08 | 2003-10-07 | Oxygenate treatment of dewaxing catalyst for greater yield of dewaxed product |
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2003
- 2003-08-29 US US10/652,390 patent/US7344631B2/en active Active
- 2003-10-07 CA CA2499319A patent/CA2499319C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-10-07 JP JP2005501149A patent/JP5147178B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-10-07 EP EP03770717A patent/EP1572358A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-10-07 WO PCT/US2003/032096 patent/WO2004033586A2/en active Application Filing
- 2003-10-07 AU AU2003279224A patent/AU2003279224B2/en not_active Ceased
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CA2499319C (en) | 2012-03-06 |
US20040072676A1 (en) | 2004-04-15 |
MY140888A (en) | 2010-01-29 |
AU2003279224B2 (en) | 2008-11-20 |
AU2003279224A1 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
EP1572358A2 (en) | 2005-09-14 |
US7670983B2 (en) | 2010-03-02 |
WO2004033586A3 (en) | 2004-07-01 |
US20080146437A1 (en) | 2008-06-19 |
US7344631B2 (en) | 2008-03-18 |
CA2499319A1 (en) | 2004-04-22 |
WO2004033586A2 (en) | 2004-04-22 |
JP2006502000A (ja) | 2006-01-19 |
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