JP5139305B2 - ナトリウムチャネルモジュレーターとしてのプロリンアミド誘導体 - Google Patents
ナトリウムチャネルモジュレーターとしてのプロリンアミド誘導体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5139305B2 JP5139305B2 JP2008534910A JP2008534910A JP5139305B2 JP 5139305 B2 JP5139305 B2 JP 5139305B2 JP 2008534910 A JP2008534910 A JP 2008534910A JP 2008534910 A JP2008534910 A JP 2008534910A JP 5139305 B2 JP5139305 B2 JP 5139305B2
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- C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D207/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D207/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
- A61K31/401—Proline; Derivatives thereof, e.g. captopril
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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Description
で示される化合物の使用を開示する。
かかる化合物は、例えば、急性疼痛、慢性疼痛、内臓疼痛、癲癇、過敏性腸症候群、鬱などを包含するナトリウムチャネル活性に関連する状態の治療において有用であると言われている。
該化合物は、急性疼痛、慢性疼痛、内臓疼痛、炎症性疼痛およびニューロパシー疼痛を包含する状態の治療において有用であると言われている。
該化合物は、急性疼痛、慢性疼痛、内臓疼痛、炎症性疼痛およびニューロパシー疼痛を包含する状態の治療において有用であると言われている。
別の具体例において、該化合物は、サブタイプNaV1.3ナトリウムチャネル使用依存性阻害剤である。
(5R)−5−(4−{[(2−フルオロフェニル)メチル]オキシ}フェニル)−L−プロリンアミド(Ia):
(5S)−5−(4−{[(2−フルオロフェニル)メチル]オキシ}フェニル)−L−プロリンアミド(Id):
また、本発明の化合物の範囲内には、その多形が包含される。
本発明の化合物は、1以上の互変形態で存在しうる。全ての互変体およびその混合物が本発明の範囲内に包含される。
別の具体例において、電位依存性ナトリウムチャネルの変調によって媒介されうる疾患および状態は、物質関連障害である。
さらなる具体例において、電位依存性ナトリウムチャネルの変調によって媒介されうる疾患および状態は、双極性障害(双極性I型障害および双極性II型障害(すなわち、軽躁エピソードを伴う再発性大鬱病エピソード)(296.89)、気分循環性障害(301.13)および不特定の双極性障害(296.80))を包含する)である。
本発明の化合物は、また、認知症、特に神経変性認知症(老年性認知症、アルツハイマー病、ピック病、ハンチントン舞踏症、パーキンソン防およびクロイツフェルト・ヤコブ病、運動ニューロン疾患を包含する)などの神経変性疾患および神経変性の治療において有用でありうる。該化合物は、また、筋萎縮性側索硬化症(ALS)および神経炎症の治療に有用でありうる。
連続投与の場合、本発明の化合物または第2の治療剤のいずれかを最初に投与すればよい。同時投与の場合、該組み合わせは、同一の医薬組成物または異なる医薬組成物のいずれかにおいて投与すればよい。
本発明の化合物は、双極性疾患の治療または予防のために下記の薬剤と組み合わせて使用されうる。i)気分安定化剤;ii)抗精神病薬;およびiii)抗鬱剤。
本発明の化合物は、不安障害の治療または予防のために下記の薬剤と組み合わせて使用されうる。i)不安緩下剤;およびii)抗鬱剤。
本発明の化合物は、アルコール離脱を改善するため、およびアルコール渇望を減少するために下記の薬剤と組み合わせて使用されうる。i)NMDA受容体アンタゴニスト、例えば、アカムプロセート;ii)GABA受容体アゴニスト、例えば、テトラバマート;およびiii)オピオイド受容体アンタゴニスト、例えば、ナルトレキソン。
本発明の化合物は、病的飢餓の治療または予防のために下記の薬剤と組み合わせて使用されうる。i)抗鬱剤;ii)オピオイド受容体アンタゴニスト;iii)制吐剤、例えば、オンダンセトロン;iv)テストステロン受容体アンタゴニスト、例えば、フルタミド;v)気分安定化剤;vi)亜鉛;およびvii)月経前用の薬。
本発明の化合物は、ADHDの治療または予防のために下記の薬剤と組み合わせて使用されうる。i)刺激剤、例えば、メチルフェニデート、アンフェタミン処方およびペモリン;およびii)非刺激剤、例えば、ノルエピネフリン再取込阻害剤(例えば、アトモキセチン)、アルファ2アドレノセプターアゴニスト(例えば、クロニジン)、抗鬱剤、モダフィニル、およびコリンエステラーゼ阻害剤(例えば、ガランタミンおよびドネゼピル)。
本発明の化合物は、男性性的機能不全の治療または予防のために下記の薬剤と組み合わせて使用されうる。i)ホスホジエステラーゼV阻害剤、例えば、バルデナフィルおよびシルデナフィル;ii)ドーパミンアゴニスト/ドーパミン輸送阻害剤、例えば、アポモルヒネおよびブプロプリオン;iii)アルファアドレノセプターアンタゴニスト、例えば、フェントラミン;iv)プロスタグランジンアゴニスト、例えば、アルプロスタジル;v)テストステロンアゴニスト、例えば、テストステロン;vi)セロトニン輸送阻害剤、例えば、セロトニン再取込阻害剤;v)ノルアドレナリン輸送阻害剤、例えば、レボキセチン;およびvii)5−HT1Aアゴニスト、例えば、フリバンセリン。
抗鬱剤は、セロトニン再取込阻害剤(例えば、シタロプラム、エスシタロプラム、フルオキセチン、パロキセチンおよびセルトラリン);セロトニン/ノルアドレナリン二重再取込阻害剤(例えば、ベンラファキシン、ジュロキセチンおよびミルナシプラン);ノルアドレナリン再取込阻害剤(例えば、レボキセチン);三環式抗鬱剤(例えば、アミトリプチリン、クロミプラミン、イミプラミン、マプロチリン、ノルトリプチリンおよびトリミプラミン);モノアミンオキシダーゼ阻害剤(例えば、イソカルボキシアジド、モクロベミド、フェネルジンおよびトラニルシプロミン);およびその他の薬剤(例えば、ブプロピオン、ミアンセリン、ミルタザピン、ネファゾドンおよびトラゾドン)を包含する。
不安緩下剤は、ベンゾジアゼピン類、例えば、アルプラゾラムおよびロラゼパムを包含する。
本発明の化合物は、そのままの化学物質として投与してもよいが、好ましくは、活性成分を医薬処方として提供する。
本発明の化合物は、当該分野でよく知られた従来の方法にしたがって、本発明の化合物を標準的な医薬担体または希釈剤と組み合わせることによって調製された従来の投与形において投与されうる。これらの方法は、成分を適宜、混合、造粒および圧縮または溶解して所望の製剤にすることを含みうる。
該組成物は、錠剤、カプセル、粉末、顆粒、ロゼンジ、クリームまたは液体製剤、例えば、経口または滅菌非経口溶液もしくは懸濁液の形態であってもよい。
該処方は、また、適合性の従来の担体、例えば、クリームまたは軟膏基剤およびローションのためのエタノールまたはオレイルアルコールを含有していてもよい。かかる担体は、処方の約1%〜約98%配合されてもよい。より普通には、それらは処方の約80%までを形成する。
非経口投与の場合、該化合物および滅菌ビヒクル(好ましくは水)を用いて、流体単位投与形態が調製される。該化合物は、使用されるビヒクルおよび濃度にもよるが、ビヒクル中に懸濁または溶解することができる。溶液の調製の場合、該化合物を注射用水に溶解し、濾過滅菌後に、適当なバイアルまたはアンプル中に充填し、密封することができる。
有利には、局所麻酔剤、保存料および緩衝化剤などの剤をビヒクル中に溶解することができる。安定性を向上させるために、該組成物をバイアル充填後に冷凍し、真空下で水分を除去することができる。該凍結乾燥粉末を次いで、バイアル中に密封し、使用前に液体に復元するために、バイアルに添付する注射用水を提供してもよい。非経口懸濁液は、化合物をビヒクル中に溶解する代わりに懸濁し、濾過によって滅菌できないことを除き、実質的に同じ方法で調製される。該化合物は、エチレンオキシドに曝露することによって滅菌することができ、その後、滅菌したビヒクル中に懸濁する。有利には、化合物の均一な分布を容易にするために、界面活性剤または湿潤剤が組成物中に含まれる。
限定するものではないが、本明細書中に引用される特許および特許出願を包含する全ての出版物は、あたかも個々の出版物が出典明示により本明細書の一部とされることが詳細かつ個別に示されているかの如く、出典明示により、本明細書の一部とされる。
i)電位依存性ナトリウムチャネルの変調によって媒介される疾患または状態の治療または予防において有用な本発明の化合物。
ii)有効量の本発明の化合物を投与することを特徴とする、哺乳動物における電位依存性ナトリウムチャネルの変調によって媒介される疾患または状態の治療または予防方法。
iii)電位依存性ナトリウムチャネルの変調によって媒介される疾患または状態を治療または予防するための医薬の製造における本発明の化合物の使用。
iv)電位依存性ナトリウムチャネルの変調によって媒介される疾患または状態を治療または予防するための本発明の化合物の使用。
下記の方法において、典型的には、各出発物質の後ろに数字による記載例または実施例への言及が提供される。これは単に、当該分野の化学者を手助けするために提供されるにすぎない。出発材料は、必ずしも、記載のバッチから調製されなくてもよい。
Rt(HPLC):x分によって示されるHPLC分析は、Agilent 1100シリーズ装置にて、Luna 3u C18(2)100A(50x2.0mm)カラム(移動相:100%[水+0.05%TFA]〜95%[アセトニトリル+0.05%TFA]を8分、流量=1ml/分、検出波長220nm)を用いて実施された。
SPE−SCXカートリッジは、Varianによって供給されるイオン交換固相抽出カラムである。SPE−SCXカートリッジで用いられる溶出液は、メタノール、次いで、メタノール中における2Nアンモニア溶液である。
SPE−Siカートリッジは、Varianによって供給されるシリカ固相抽出カラムである。
X線粉末回折(XRPD)分析は、Sol−X検出器を用いてBruker D5005にて行った。取得条件は、照射:Cu Kα、発生器電圧:40kV、発生器電流:50mA、出発角度:2.0°2θ、終止角度:45.0°2θ、ステップサイズ:0.02°2θ、ステップ毎の時間:1秒であった。試料は、ゼロバックグラウンドサンプルホルダーにおいて調製された。
測定される吸熱ピークが、使用される機械、加熱速度、較正基準、湿度および使用される試料の純度を包含する多くの因子に依存することは、理解されるものである。
実験において報告される融点は、DSC分析の間に記録された吸熱ピークの開始に基づいて概算される。
BOC2O ビス(1,1−ジメチルエチル)ジカルボネート
DCM ジクロロメタン
DIPEA ジイソプロピルエチルアミン
DMAP 4−(ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン
DMF ジメチルホルムアミド
TBTU O−(ベンゾトリアゾール−1−イル)−N,N,N’,N’−テトラメチルウロニウム テトラフルオロボレート
THF テトラヒドロフラン
TFA トリフルオロ酢酸
MTBE メチル−t−ブチルエーテル
Et2O ジエチルエーテル
AcOEt 酢酸エチル
MeOH メチルアルコール
DMSO ジメチルスルホキシド
記載例5:メチル (5S)−5−{4−[(フェニルメチル)オキシ]フェニル}−L−プロリナート(D5)
D4,4.15g,13.3mmol,Y=41%。MS:(ES/+)m/z:312[MH+]。C19H21NO3の理論値311。Rt(HPLC):3.80分。Rf(シクロヘキサン:酢酸エチル=7:3):0.18。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm):7.40(d,2H);7.35(t,2H);7.33(d,2H);7.29(t,1H);6.93(d,2H);5.03(s,2H);4.23(dd,1H);4.00(dd,1H);3.71−3.79(m,3H);2.18−2.30(m,1H);2.09−2.18(m,2H);1.67−1.78(m,1H)。C2のプロトンおよびC5のプロトン間のNOEが観察できた。
D5,0.6g,1.9mmol,Y=6%。MS:(ES/+)m/z:312[MH+]。C19H21NO3の理論値311;Rt(HPLC):3.73分。Rf(シクロヘキサン:酢酸エチル=7:3):0.32。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm):7.40(d,2H);7.35(t,2H);7.29(d,2H);7.28(t,1H);6.91(d,2H);4.97−5.07(m,2H);4.29(dd,1H);4.09(dd,1H);3.71−3.75(m,3H);2.29−2.42(m,1H);2.09−2.20(m,1H);1.90−2.02(m,1H);1.69−1.82(m,1H)。C2のプロトンおよびC5のプロトン間のNOEは観察されなかった。
記載例7:(5R)−1−{[(1,1−ジメチルエチル)オキシ]カルボニル}−5−{4−[(フェニルメチル)オキシ]フェニル}−L−プロリン(D7)
アセトン(7322mL)中に溶解した4−ブロモフェノール(502.08g)の溶液に、K2CO3(570g)を加え、次いで、臭化ベンジル(523g)を加えた。該混合物を2時間熱還流した。次いで、反応混合物を25℃で冷却し、濾過し、濾過ケークをMTBE(1046mL)で洗浄した。合わせた濾液を1000mLに濃縮し、MTBE(4184mL)を加えた。該混合物を1M NaOH水溶液(1464mL)で洗浄し、次いで、ブライン(1300mL)で洗浄し、有機相を濃縮乾固させた。THF(1300mL)を加え、溶媒を減圧下で除去して、標題化合物を得た(902.1g)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO−d6)δ(ppm):7.54(td,1H);7.46(d,2H);7.42(m,1H);7.23(m,2H);7.01(d,2H);5.13(s,2H)
方法2:
4−ブロモフェノール(19.22g,111mmol)、臭化オルトフルオロベンジル(20g,105.8mmol)および炭酸カリウム(21.9g,158.4mmol)のアセトン(280ml)中攪拌混合物を6時間熱還流した。該反応混合物を室温に冷却し、濾過し、固体をTBME(40ml)で洗浄した。合わせた濾液および洗浄液を真空下で濃縮して、最終容量約40mlとした。得られた溶液をTBME(160ml)で希釈し、1M水酸化ナトリウムおよびブラインで洗浄し、次いで、真空下で濃縮して油状物を得、それをゆっくりと凝固させて、標題化合物を得た(28.9g)。
1H NMR(300MHz,CHCl3−d)δ(ppm):5.10(s,2H),6.86(m,2H),7.10(m,1H),7.17(m,1H),7.29(m,1H),7.35(m,2H),7.38(m,1H)
マグネシウム金属(90g)の乾燥THF(600mL)中攪拌懸濁液に、窒素雰囲気下、室温で、ヨウ素(0.3g)を加えた。該混合物を内温64+/−2℃に加熱した。1−[(4−ブロモフェノキシ)メチル]−2−フルオロベンゼン(D25)(693g)のTHF(1500mL)中溶液を2回に分けて加えた。最初に45mLを加えた。次に、残りの溶液(1455mL)を滴下した。添加後、反応物を1時間熱還流した。反応混合物を室温に冷却した。該反応混合物を次いで、−60℃に冷却した市販の(2S)−5−オキソピロリジン−1,2−ジカルボン酸1−tert−ブチル2−メチル(300g)のTHF(1500mL)中溶液に、内温を−60℃以下に維持しながらゆっくりと加えた。添加を2時間で完了した。添加後、反応混合物をさらに15分間攪拌した。次いで、温度を−60℃以下に維持しながら、イソプロピルアルコール(300mL)を滴下した。塩化アンモニウム飽和水溶液/塩化ナトリウム飽和水溶液の混合物(2/1;900mL)を、温度を−50℃以下に維持しながら加えた。水(600mL)を加えて黄色沈澱を溶解させた。有機相を分離し、13%NaCl水溶液(600mL)で洗浄した。有機相を濃縮乾固させた。次いで、EtOAc(1500mL)を加え、該溶液を減圧下で蒸発させて水を除去した。残渣を、シクロヘキサン/酢酸エチル(90:10〜8:2)で溶出するシリカゲル上のクロマトグラフィーによって精製して、標題化合物を得た(287g)。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO−d6)δ(ppm):7.93(d,2H);7.57(td,1H);7.44(m,1H);7.27(m,3H);7.14(d,2H);5.24(s,2H);4.04(m,1H);3.61(s,3H);3.03(m,2H);1.94(m,2H);1.38(s,9H)
方法2:
マグネシウムくず(12.79g,533mol)、微量のヨウ素および1,2−ジブロモエタンのTHF(86ml)中混合物に、70−75℃にて、(4−ブロモフェニル(2−フルオロフェニル)メチルエーテル)(D25,100g,355.6mmol)のTHF(216.25ml)中溶液を約2時間かけて加えた。該混合物を70〜75℃でさらに2時間加熱し、次いで、室温に冷却して、グリニャール試薬の溶液を得た。(2S)−5−オキソ−1,2−ピロリジンジカルボン酸1−(1,1−ジメチルエチル)2−メチル(43.25g,177.8mmol)のTHF(216.25ml)中溶液を−60℃に冷却し、グリニャール試薬の溶液を1時間かけて加え、次いで、該混合物を−60℃で3時間攪拌した。イソプロパノール(43.25ml)を滴下し、次いで、塩化アンモニウム飽和水溶液(86.5ml)およびブライン(43.25ml)を滴下し、次いで、該混合物を室温に温めた。水(173ml)および50%酢酸(50ml)(pH6−7まで)を加え、次いで、酢酸エチル(129.7ml)を加えた。層を分離し、水層を酢酸エチル(2x129.7ml)で抽出した。合わせた有機層をブラインで洗浄し、次いで、真空下で濃縮した。残渣をヘキサン(216.2ml)と一緒に攪拌し、次いで、固体を濾過し、ヘキサンで洗浄した。得られた固体に、イソプロパノール(432.5ml)を加え、該混合物を45℃で15分間攪拌し、次いで、5〜10℃に冷却し、2時間攪拌した。固体を濾過し、イソプロパノールで洗浄し、乾燥させて標題化合物を固体として得た。
1H NMR(300MHz,CHCl3−d):δ(ppm):1.42(s,9H);2.04(m,1H);2.28(m,1H);3.03(m,2H);3.74(s,3H);4.37(m,1H);5.19(b,1H);5.20(s,2H);7.02(d,2H);7.11(t,1H);7.17(t,1H);7.33(m,1H);7.48(t,1H);7.94(d,2H)
(2S)−2−({[(1,1−ジメチルエチル)オキシ]カルボニル}アミノ)−5−(4−{[(2−フルオロフェニル)メチル]オキシ}フェニル)−5−オキソペンタン酸メチル(D26)(243g)の乾燥DCM(2430mL)中溶液に、0℃にて、TFA(461mL)を滴下した。該混合物を室温に温め、3時間攪拌した。溶媒および過剰のTFAを真空下で除去し、得られた暗色油状物をEtOAc(2x1215mL)でストリッピングし、高真空下で一晩放置した。標題化合物が赤色油状物として得られ(392g)、さらに精製することなく次工程に用いた。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO−d6)δ(ppm):8.16(m,2H);7.60(td,1H);7.46(m,1H);7.34(m,2H);7.27(m,2H);5.32(s,2H);5.25(m,1H);3.77(s,3H);3.57(m,2H);2.60(m,1H);2.34(m,1H)
方法2:
(2S)−2−({[(1,1−ジメチルエチル)オキシ]カルボニル}アミノ)−5−(4−{[(2−フルオロフェニル)メチル]オキシ}フェニル)−5−オキソペンタン酸メチル(D26,46g,103mmol)のDCM(437ml)中溶液を0〜5℃にて、トリフルオロ酢酸(87.4ml)で滴下処理し、次いで、室温に温め、3時間攪拌した。該溶液を0〜5℃に冷却し、最終pHが約7になるまで水酸化ナトリウム溶液を加えた。水層を分離し、DCM(13ml)で抽出し、次いで、合わせた有機層を水で洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥させ、次いで、真空下で濃縮して、標題化合物を固体として得た(33.3g)。
1H NMR(300MHz,CHCl3−d):δ(ppm):2.35(m,2H);2.95(m,1H);3.12(m,1H);3.78(s,3H);4.89(dd,1H);5.18(s,2H);7.00(d,2H);7.10(m,1H);7.16(m,1H);7.29(m,1H);7.5(t,1H);7.85(d,2H)
水素化反応器中、(2S)−5−{4−[(2−フルオロベンジル)オキシ]フェニル}−3,4−ジヒドロ−2H−ピロール−2−カルボン酸メチル(D27)(392g)をEtOAc(3160mL)中に溶解した。炭素上の5%白金(Engelhardコード44379,水分約50%,15.8g)を加え、圧力2atmになるまで反応器を水素ガスで満たし、該反応混合物を約1.5時間攪拌した。反応器を脱圧し、使用した触媒をセライトで濾過し、EtOAc(2x500mL,次いでさらに200mL)で洗浄した。NaHCO3飽和水溶液(600mL)を濾液に加え、次いで、13%w/wNa2CO3水溶液を加えた(pH=9まで,1000mL)。該混合物を10分間攪拌し、次いで、相を分離させた。水相を除去し、次いで、有機層をブライン(600mL)で1回洗浄した。得られた溶液を濃縮乾固させ、残渣をシクロヘキサン/酢酸エチル(1:1)で溶出するフラッシュクロマトグラフィーによって精製して、標題化合物を得た(133g)。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO−d6)δ(ppm):7.55(dt,1H);7.41(m,1H);7.34(m,2H);7.23(m,2H);6.97(m,2H);5.12(s,2H);4.09(dd,1H);3.83(dd,1H);3.66(s,3H);2.97(bs,1H);2.04(m,2H);1.94(m,1H);1.52(m,1H)
方法2:
(2S)−5−(4−{[(2−フルオロフェニル)メチル]オキシ}フェニル)−3,4−ジヒドロ−2H−ピロール−2−カルボン酸メチル(D27,34g,103.5mmol)の酢酸エチル(272ml)中溶液をオートクレーブ中に入れ、トリフルオロ酢酸(7.2ml)で処理した。炭素上の5%白金触媒(1.7g)を酢酸エチル(68ml)とのスラリーとして移し、反応物を50psi水素圧下、室温で5時間攪拌した。該混合物をHyfloで濾過し、酢酸エチル(272ml)で洗浄し、次いで、濾液を炭酸ナトリウム水溶液およびブラインで洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥させ、次いで、真空下で濃縮し、残渣を乾燥させて、標題化合物を粗油状物として得た(ある程度のアンチ異性体も含有する)。
1H NMR(300MHz,CHCl3−d):δ(ppm):1.7(m,1H);2.18(m,4H);3.75(s,3H);3.91(m,1H);4.15(m,1H);5.13(s,2H);6.96(d,2H);7.07(m,1H);7.15(m,1H);7.30(m,1H);7.38(d,2H);7.5(t,1H)
実施例1:(5R)−5−(4−{[(2−フルオロフェニル)メチル]オキシ}フェニル)−L−プロリンアミド(E1)
メチル (5R)−5−(4−{[(2−フルオロフェニル)メチル]オキシ}フェニル)−L−プロリナート(D28,32.5g,98.6mmol)のメタノール(65ml)中溶液を0〜10℃に冷却した。アンモニアのメタノール中溶液(約11.2M)を11時間かけて4回に分けて加え(175.4ml、43.8ml、43.8ml、43.8ml)、次いで、反応物を15〜20℃で22時間攪拌した。アンモニアおよびメタノールを真空下で除去し、次いで、トルエン(65ml)を加え、混合物を60〜65℃に加熱して溶液を得、次いで、それを真空下で濃縮し、残渣を60℃で乾燥させた。トルエン(130ml)およびメタノール(0.32ml)を残渣に加え、混合物を70〜75℃に加熱した。次いで、得られた溶液を15〜20℃に冷却し、1時間攪拌した。固体を濾過し、トルエンで洗浄し、45〜50℃で乾燥させて標題化合物を固体として得た(21.8g)。
1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO−d6)δ(ppm):1.39(m,1H);1.84(m,1H);2.04(m,2H);3.54(m,1H);4.09(m,1H);5.12(s,2H);6.96(d,2H);7.15(m,1H);7.25(m,2H);7.34(d,2H);7.41(m,2H);7.55(t,1H)
方法2:
メチル (5R)−5−{4−[(2−フルオロベンジル)オキシ]フェニル}−L−プロリナート(D28)(127g)をMeOH(1016mL)中における7N NH3溶液中に溶解し、該混合物を室温で24時間攪拌した。さらにMeOH(63mL)中における7N NH3溶液を加え、該混合物をさらに15時間攪拌した。溶媒を減圧下で除去し、MeOH(635mL)を加えた。該溶液を蒸発乾固させ、得られた白色固体を高真空下で週末にかけて放置した。白色固体をMTBE/トルエン 1:1混合物(254mL)中、20℃で懸濁し、1時間攪拌した。懸濁液を濾過し、固体をMTBE(254mL)で洗浄した。白色固体を真空下、40℃で一晩乾燥させて、生成物を得た(122.4g)。該生成物をMTBE/トルエン1:1混合物(245mL)中に再懸濁し、室温で1時間攪拌した。該混合物を濾過し、固体をMTBE(245mL)で洗浄した。得られた白色固体を真空下、40℃で一晩乾燥させて、標題化合物を得た(109g)。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO−d6)δ(ppm):7.54(td,1H);7.41(m,1H);7.38(m,2H);7.34(d,2H);7.24(m,2H);7.13(bs,1H);6.96(d,2H);5.12(s,2H);4.09(dd,1H);3.55(dd,1H);3.24(bs,1H);2.07(m,1H);2.00(m,1H);1.85(m,1H);1.40(m,1H)
酢酸エチル(0.9ml)およびメタノール(1ml)の混合物中における(2S,5R)−2−(アミノカルボニル)−5−(4−{[(2−フルオロフェニル)メチル]オキシ}フェニル)−1−ピロリジンカルボン酸1,1−ジメチルエチル(D10,51mg,0.123mmol)の溶液に、塩化アセチル(28μl,2.5当量)を0℃で加えた。該混合物を1.5時間振盪させ、室温にゆっくりと温めた。溶媒を蒸発後、残渣をジエチルエーテルでトリチュレートして、標題化合物を白色固体として得た(42mg,定量的)。キラルHPLC:カラム:chiralcel OD 10μm,250x4.6mm;移動相:A:n−ヘキサン;B:エタノール;勾配:無勾配30%B;流速:0.8ml/分;UV波長範囲:200−400nm;分析時間:22分;保持時間:12.0分。[α]D=30.5° MS:(ES/+)m/z:315[MH+],C18H19FN2O2の理論値314;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO−d6)δppm10.19(br.s.,1H),8.13(br.s.,1H),7.94(s,1H),7.60−7.77(m,1H),7.51(dt,1H),7.43(d,2H),7.34−7.41(m,1H),7.23(d,1H),7.18(dd,1H),7.05(d,2H),5.13(s,2H),4.49−4.60(m,1H),4.19−4.28(m,1H),2.17−2.38(m,2H),2.05−2.16(m,1H),1.92−2.03(m,1H)
方法2:
((5R)−5−(4−{[(2−フルオロフェニル)メチル]オキシ}フェニル)−L−プロリンアミド)(E1,109g)をDCM(654mL)中に溶解し、Et2O(654mL)を室温で加えた。Et2O中における1N HCl(380.4mL)を室温で滴下した。該懸濁液を0℃に冷却し、該温度で1時間攪拌した。固体を濾過し、Et2O(2x327mL)で洗浄し、真空下、40°で一晩乾燥させて、標題化合物の形態1の結晶を得た(121.24g)。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO−d6)δ(ppm):10.72(bs,1H);8.10(bs,1H);8.08(s,1H);7.72(s,1H);7.56(td,1H);7.49(d,2H);7.43(qd,1H);7.25(m,2H);7.10(d,2H);5.17(s,2H);4.61(dd,1H);4.30(dd,1H);2.32(m,2H);2.16(m,1H);2.02(m,1H)
((5R)−5−(4−{[(2−フルオロフェニル)メチル]オキシ}フェニル)−L−プロリンアミド)(E1,10g,31.8mmol)をDCM(50ml)中に溶解し、炭(1g)と一緒に攪拌し、次いで、濾過し、DCM(30ml)で洗浄した。残渣を真空下で濃縮し、約20mlのDCMを除去した。エーテル(60ml)を加え、次いで、HClのエーテル中溶液(0.84N,40ml)を加え、次いで、該混合物を20〜25℃で30分間攪拌した後、0〜5℃に冷却し、2時間攪拌した。固体を濾過し、エーテルで洗浄し、次いで、室温で乾燥させて、標題化合物の形態1の結晶を得た(10.25g)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO−d6)δ(ppm):2.04(m,1H);2.18(m,1H);2.32(m,2H);4.34(m,1H);4.64(m,1H);5.18(s,2H);7.10(d,2H);7.25(m,2H);7.40−7.60(m,4H);7.77(s,1H);8.24(s,1H);11.03(b,1H)
丸底フラスコ中、((5R)−5−(4−{[(2−フルオロフェニル)メチル]オキシ}フェニル)−L−プロリンアミド)(E1,1.4g,4.45mmol)の酢酸エチル(14ml)およびMeOH(2.5ml)中溶液を0℃にて、ジエチルエーテル中における1M HCl(1.1当量,4.89ml)で処理した。すぐに沈澱が起こり、該混合物を0℃で1時間攪拌した。該混合物を次いで、乾燥ジエチルエーテル(10ml)で希釈し、次いで、Goochフィルター(多孔性4,直径5cm)で濾過した。ケークをフィルター上で乾燥ジエチルエーテル(2x20ml)で洗浄し、かくして得られた白色固体を丸底フラスコ中に移し、高真空下、40℃で2時間乾燥させ、次いで、室温で18時間乾燥させた。白色固体を標題化合物の形態1の結晶として得た(1.51g)。
((5R)−5−(4−{[(2−フルオロフェニル)メチル]オキシ}フェニル)−L−プロリンアミド)(E1,25g,79.5mmol)を酢酸エチル(750ml)中に溶解し、炭(2.5g)と一緒に攪拌し、次いで、濾過し、酢酸エチル(125ml)で洗浄した。濾液および洗浄液に、HClのエーテル中溶液(1N,103ml)を20〜25℃で30分かけて加え、次いで、該混合物を20〜25℃で30分間攪拌し、次いで、0〜5℃に冷却し、2時間攪拌した。固体を濾過し、酢酸エチル(2x70ml)で洗浄した後、室温で乾燥させて、標題化合物の形態1の結晶を得た(25.5g)。
実施例5:(5R)−5−(4−{[(2−フルオロフェニル)メチル]オキシ}フェニル)−D−プロリンアミド塩酸塩(E5)
該ジアステレオ異性体は、キラルセミ分取HPLC(カラム:chiralpak AD−H;移動相:n−ヘキサン:エタノール=70/30;流速:13ml/分;UV波長範囲:225nm;分析時間:25分)を用いて分離された。
分析クロマトグラフィー条件:キラルHPLC:カラム:chiralpak AD−H 5μm,250x4.6mm;移動相:A:n−ヘキサン;B:エタノール;勾配:無勾配30%B;流速:0.8ml/分;UV波長範囲:200−400nm;分析時間:30分;Rt:14.02分(E4);Rt:16.12分(E3)
E4(69.5mg):Rt(HPLC):3.60分。キラルHPLC:カラム:chiralcel OD 10μm,250x4.6mm;移動相:A:n−ヘキサン;B:エタノール;勾配:無勾配30%B;流速:0.8ml/分;UV波長範囲:200−400nm;分析時間:22分;Rt:17.6分。[α]D=+30.7°
1H−NMR(400MHz,DMSO−d6)δ(ppm):10.19(br.s.,1H);8.13(br.s.,1H);7.94(s,1H);7.60−7.77(m,1H);7.51(dt,1H);7.43(d,2H);7.34−7.41(m,1H);7.23(d,1H);7.18(dd,1H);7.05(d,2H);5.13(s,2H);4.49−4.60(m,1H);4.19−4.28(m,1H);2.17−2.38(m,1H);2.05−2.16(m,1H);1.92−2.03(m,1H)
E5(32mg):Rt(HPLC):3.55分。キラルHPLC:カラム:chiralpak AD−H 5μm,250x4.6mm;移動相:A:n−ヘキサン;B:イソプロパノール;勾配:無勾配30%B;流速:0.8ml/分;UV波長範囲:200−400nm;分析時間:15分;Rt:8.4分。[α]D=+24.3°
1H−NMR(400MHz,DMSO−d6)δ(ppm):9.25(br.s.,2H);8.01(s,1H);7.68(s,1H);7.55(t,1H);7.49(d,2H);7.37−7.45(m,1H);7.20−7.29(m,2H);7.08(d,2H);5.17(s,2H);4.62(dd,1H);4.31(t,1H);2.50−2.59(m,1H);2.26−2.37(m,1H);2.03−2.18(m,1H);1.88−2.01(m,1H)
融点:192℃
本発明の化合物の電位依存性ナトリウムチャネルサブタイプNaV1.3を変調する能力は、下記のアッセイによって決定されうる。
細胞生物学
hNaV1.3チャネルを発現している安定な細胞系統は、リポフェクタミン(Invitrogen)トランスフェクション法を用いて、CHO細胞をpCIN5−hNav1.3ベクターでトランスフェクトすることによって作成された。pCIN5は、CMVプロモーターの下流でネオマイシン選択性マーカーcDNAに連結している組み換えcDNAによって(詳細は、Chen YH,Dale TJ,Romanos MA,Whitaker WR,Xie XM,Clare JJ.Cloning,distribution and functional analysis of the type III sodium channel from human brain Eur J Neurosci,2000 Dec;12,4281−9参照のこと)、全てのネオマイシン耐性細胞を組み換え蛋白を発現するようにする哺乳動物細胞系統の作成のためのビシストロンベクターである(Rees S.,Coote J.,Stable J.,Goodson S.,Harris S.&Lee M.G.(1996)Biotechniques,20,102−112参照)。細胞を、10%胎仔ウシ血清、1%L−グルタミン、1%ペニシリン−ストレプトマイシン(Invitrogen)、1%非必須アミノ酸、2%H−Tサプリメントおよび1%G418(Invitrogen)を含有するIscove修飾Dulbecco培地(Invitrogen)中で培養し、空気中5%CO2を含有する湿潤環境において37℃で維持した。細胞を継代および採取のために、Versene(Invitrogen)を用いてT175培養フラスコから遊離させた。
細胞をT75フラスコ中、60〜95%密集度まで生育させた。生育培地を除去し、1.5mlの温めた(37℃)Versene(Invitrogen,15040−066)で6分間インキュベートすることによって、細胞を浮上させた。浮上した細胞を10mlのPBS(Invitrogen,14040−133)中に懸濁した。次いで、細胞懸濁を10ml遠心管に入れ、700rpmで2分間遠心分離した。遠心分離後、上清を除去し、細胞ペレットを3mlのPBS中に再懸濁した。
IonWorksHT平面アレイ電気生理学テクノロジー(Molecular Devices Corp.)を用いて、室温(21〜23℃)で電流を記録した。刺激プロトコールおよびデータ取得は、マイクロコンピューター(Dell Pentium 4)を用いて行った。平面電極ホール抵抗(Rp)を決定するために、10mV、160ms電位差を各ホールに与えた。これらの測定は、細胞添加前に実施した。細胞添加後、細胞内アクセスを達成するための抗生物質(アンフォテリシン)循環の前に、シール試験を行った。全ての実験において、160ms過分極(10mV)プレパルス200msを与えることによってリーク・サブトラクションを実施した後に、リーク・コンダクタンスを測定するための試験パルスを与えた。−90mVの保持電位から0mVへの段階的試験パルスを20ms間与え、10Hzの周波数で10回繰り返した。全実験において、試験パルスプロトコールは、化合物の不在下(プレリード(pre-read))および存在下(ポストリード(post-read))において行った。プレリードおよびポストリードは、化合物添加、続いて、3〜3.5分インキュベーションによって隔てられた。
細胞内溶液は、下記のものを含有していた(mM単位):グルコン酸K 100、KCl 40mM、MgCl2 3.2、EGTA 3、HEPES 5、pH7.25に調整。アンフォテリシンは、30mg/mlストック溶液として調製され、最終的な使用時の濃度0.1mg/mlに内部バッファー溶液で希釈された。外部溶液は、DulbeccoのPBS(Invitrogen)であり、下記のものを含有していた(mM単位):CaCl2 0.90、KCl 2.67、K3PO4 1.47、MgCl2 0.50、NaCl 138、Na3PO4 8.10、pH7.4。化合物は、DMSO中、10mMストック溶液として調製され、次いで、1:3連続希釈を行った。最終的に、化合物は、外部溶液中に1:100で希釈され、その結果、最終DMSO濃度は1%であった。
記録を分析し、さらなる分析から不適当な細胞を排除するために、化合物の不在下におけるシール抵抗(>40MΩ)およびピーク電流振幅(>200pA)の両方を用いてフィルターにかけた。薬物添加前および薬物添加後間の対の比較を用いて、各化合物の阻害効果を決定した。第1の脱分極パルスによって導かれる電流を50%阻害するのに必要な化合物の濃度(緊張性(tonic)pIC50)は、Hill方程式を濃度応答データに当て嵌めることによって決定された。さらに、化合物の使用依存性阻害特性は、第10の脱分極パルス 対 第1の脱分極パルスにおける化合物の効果を評価することによって決定された。第1パルスに対する第10パルスの比は、薬物の不在下および存在下で計算され、%使用依存性阻害が計算された。データは、緊張性pIC50と同じ方程式に当て嵌め、15%阻害をもたらす濃度(使用依存性pUD15)を計算した。
実施例2〜5の化合物は、上記のアッセイにおいて試験され、pUD15値5.0以上を与えた。
Claims (7)
- (5R)−5−(4−{[(2−フルオロフェニル)メチル]オキシ}フェニル)−L−プロリンアミドである請求項1または2記載の化合物。
- (5R)−5−(4−{[(2−フルオロフェニル)メチル]オキシ}フェニル)−L−プロリンアミド塩酸塩である請求項1または2記載の化合物。
- 結晶形態である請求項4記載の化合物。
- 下記の位置:4.7±0.15(°2θ)、9.5±0.15(°2θ)、12.6±0.15(°2θ)、14.3±0.15(°2θ)、19.2±0.15(°2θ)、20.3±0.15(°2θ)、20.9±0.15(°2θ)、24.0±0.15(°2θ)、26.4±0.15(°2θ)に特徴的なピークを有するXRPDパターンによって特徴付けられる請求項5記載の化合物。
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KR101282464B1 (ko) | 2013-07-04 |
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PE20070592A1 (es) | 2007-06-23 |
AU2006301470A1 (en) | 2007-04-19 |
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