JP5132936B2 - 電子流発生用懸濁液並びに該懸濁液の使用及び製法 - Google Patents
電子流発生用懸濁液並びに該懸濁液の使用及び製法 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0472—Vertically superposed cells with vertically disposed plates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1009—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with one of the reactants being liquid, solid or liquid-charged
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description
(a)ビス(2,2’−ビピリジン)ルテニウム(II)ビス(ピラゾリル)の水溶液を調製し、次いで
(b)ポリスチレン−b−ポリ(L−イソシアノアラミン(2−チオフェン−3−イル−エチル)アミド)を含有するTHF溶液を、工程(a)で調製した水溶液中へ注入する。
この方法に関しては、後述の実施例1においてさらに詳述する。
(c)工程(b)で調製した分散液を60℃の温度条件下に置き、
(d)該分散液を室温まで冷却し、次いで
(e)工程(d)で調製した分散液を、100kDaのカットオフ値を有するフィルターを用いる濾過処理に付す。
この態様に関しても、後述の実施例1において詳述する。
図1は、設計された電池の模式図である。2枚のプレートは電極を示し、上側のプレートは陰極を示し、下側のプレートは陽極を示す。中空粒子は複数の円で表示し、その内の1つを図1の右側に部分的破断拡大図で示す。左側の大きな矢印はグルコースの流れを示し、右側の大きな矢印はグルコノラクトンを示し、又、これらは基質及びグルコースオキシダーゼ酵素の生成物をそれぞれ示す。なお、該生成物は、中空粒子内に封入された円で示す。中空粒子の殻は、両親媒性分子から成る殻で示す。小さな矢印は電子の流れを示す。
(a)中空粒子は相互に接触し、電子の輸送経路は、中空粒子の外側の導電性殻を経由して形成される。
(b)ベシクルは導電性ポリマーのマトリックス中に封入され、電子は導電性ポリマーによって輸送される。
1.グルコースオキシダーゼ(GOx)の封入
GOx酵素のカプセル化は、GOxをリン酸塩緩衝液(20mM;pH7.0)中へ溶解させることによって該酵素の溶液(48mg/l)を調製することによっておこなった。この溶液中へPS−PIATのTHF溶液(1.0mg/ml)を注入した(最終的な緩衝液:THF=6:1(v/v))。遊離の酵素は、セファデックス(Sephadex)G−50を用いるサイズ排除クロマトグラフィーによって除去した(この場合、溶離液としては、水性リン酸塩緩衝液(pH7.5)を使用した)。得られた凝集体のTEM顕微鏡写真を図4に示す。
PS−PIATポリマーソーム膜の架橋は、30mg/lのCAL B水溶液0.20ml及び1.3μMのBRP水溶液1.0mlを調製することによっておこなった(この場合、PS−PIATを0.50g/lの濃度で含有するTHF溶液を注入し、又、最終的な水/THF比は12:1(v/v)であった)。BRPの濃度は、存在するチオフェンの量(2×10−7M)に匹敵するように選択した。次いで、得られた分散液は60℃の水浴中に所定時間保持した。室温まで冷却後、分散液0.5mlを、100kDaのカットオフ値を有するフィルターユニット具有エッペンドルフ内へ移した。この分散液を乾燥するまで遠心処理に付した後、純水0.50mlを添加して得られた分散液を再び乾燥するまで遠心処理に付した。この操作を反復した後、水0.50mlを添加して架橋凝集体を再分散させた(図5参照)。
限定反応室(約1〜2cm3)にグルコースオキシダーゼ含有ベシクルの水性分散液を充填した。「燃料」グルコースをこの分散液に比較的高濃度で溶解させた。反応室の上部と底部に2個の電極[例えば、インジウム錫オキシド(ITO)等から構成される電極]を設置した。電圧を印加すると、電池内で発生する電子は外部コンデンサーへ輸送され、該コンデンサーから、電流が供給されるべき装置に対して一定の電流が供給される。
望ましいナノ電池に対しては、約200mAの平均電流が要求される。このことは1秒間あたり1.25×1018個の電子が必要なことを意味する。以下の計算は、1cm3の電池の最大性能を仮定しておこなった。必要な電流は、1秒間あたり6.25×1017個の酵素反応に相当する。このことは、報告されているグルコースオキシダーゼの代謝回転数(22800/s)を考慮すると、2.7×1013個の酵素が必要なことを意味する(約4μgに相当する)。同時に、1秒間あたり2.7×1013個のグルコース分子が転化される(約8ngに相当する)。
Claims (16)
- 電子流を発生させるのに使用できる電池用懸濁液であって、
1)該懸濁液が、導電的に相互に接触する複数の中空粒子を含有し、
2)該中空粒子が、基質に対して透過性がある導電性外殻を具有し、
3)レドックス反応を触媒する酵素であって、該中空粒子内での該基質の酵素的転化を触媒することによって電子を放出させる該酵素が該中空粒子中に封入された
該懸濁液。 - 基質に対して透過性がある導電性外殻がポリマーから形成される請求項1記載の懸濁液
。 - ポリマーがブロックコポリマーである請求項2記載の懸濁液。
- ブロックコポリマーが疎水性ポリスチレンブロック及び親水性ポリイソシアノペプチド
を含有する請求項3記載の懸濁液。 - ブロックコポリマーがポリスチレン−b−ポリ(L−イソシアノアラニン(2−チオフ
ェン−3−イル−エチル)アミド)(PS−PIAT)を含有する請求項3又は4記載の懸濁液。 - ブロックコポリマー中に存在する側基が重合化された請求項5記載の懸濁液。
- ポリスチレン−b−ポリ(L−イソシアノアラニン(2−チオフェン−3−イル−エチ
ル)アミド)の側鎖中に存在するチオフェン側基が重合化された請求項6記載の懸濁液。 - 酵素が中空粒子の内側に結合された請求項1から7いずれかに記載の懸濁液。
- 酵素がグルコースオキシダーゼであり、基質がグルコースである請求項1から8いずれ
かに記載の懸濁液。 - 中空粒子が導電性マトリックス中に埋設された請求項1から9いずれかに記載の懸濁液
。 - さらにフェロセン誘導体及び/又はビオロゲン誘導体を含有する請求項10記載の懸濁液。
- 電池を製造するための請求項1から11いずれかに記載の懸濁液の使用。
- 負極を有する負極室、正極を有する正極室、及び請求項1から11いずれかに記載の懸
濁液を具有する燃料電池であって、該負極室若しくは該正極室の内部又は該負極室と該正極室との間に該懸濁液を存在させた該燃料電池。 - 請求項1から11いずれかに記載の懸濁液を使用することを含む電力の発生方法。
- 下記の工程(a)及び(b)を含む、請求項1から11いずれかに記載の懸濁液の製造方
法:
(a)ビス(2,2’−ビピリジン)ルテニウム(II)ビス(ピラゾリル)の水溶液を調製し、次いで
(b)ポリスチレン−b−ポリ(L−イソシアノアラミン(2−チオフェン−3−イル−エチル)アミド)を含有するTHF溶液を、工程(a)で調製した水溶液中へ注入する。 - 下記の工程(c)〜(e)をさらに含む請求項15記載の方法:
(c)工程(b)で調製した分散液を60℃まで加温し、
(d)該分散液を室温まで冷却し、次いで
(e)工程(d)で調製した分散液を、100kDaのカットオフ値を有するフィルターを用いる濾過処理に付す。
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NL1024573 | 2003-10-20 | ||
NL1024573 | 2003-10-20 | ||
PCT/NL2004/000739 WO2005038968A2 (en) | 2003-10-20 | 2004-10-19 | Suspension for the generation of a current of electrons and the use and the preparation thereof |
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JP5132936B2 true JP5132936B2 (ja) | 2013-01-30 |
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US (1) | US20070224490A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1702381B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5132936B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100401572C (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE470964T1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602004027659D1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2347251T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005038968A2 (ja) |
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NL1027428C2 (nl) * | 2004-11-05 | 2006-05-09 | Encapson V O F | Permeabele capsules, werkwijze voor de vervaardiging evenals toepassing daarvan. |
GB2449453A (en) * | 2007-05-22 | 2008-11-26 | Ugcs | A Biological fuel cell |
JP2009158458A (ja) * | 2007-12-06 | 2009-07-16 | Sony Corp | 燃料電池、燃料電池の製造方法、電子機器、酵素固定化電極、バイオセンサー、バイオリアクター、エネルギー変換素子および酵素反応利用装置 |
JP5325540B2 (ja) * | 2008-11-04 | 2013-10-23 | オリンパス株式会社 | ポータブル装置 |
CN105611946B (zh) * | 2013-07-18 | 2019-07-16 | 天主教大学基金会 | 适用于细胞培养物的聚合物 |
CN105680056B (zh) * | 2016-01-19 | 2018-07-10 | 南京斯博伏特新材料有限公司 | 一种微生物燃料电池的阳极装置的制备方法 |
NL2028542B1 (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2023-01-02 | Philippina JANSSEN Catharina | A contrast agent for mri imaging diagnostics |
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US7638228B2 (en) * | 2002-11-27 | 2009-12-29 | Saint Louis University | Enzyme immobilization for use in biofuel cells and sensors |
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CN100401572C (zh) | 2008-07-09 |
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EP1702381B1 (en) | 2010-06-09 |
US20070224490A1 (en) | 2007-09-27 |
CN1871738A (zh) | 2006-11-29 |
DE602004027659D1 (de) | 2010-07-22 |
EP1702381A2 (en) | 2006-09-20 |
WO2005038968A3 (en) | 2005-06-02 |
WO2005038968A2 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
ATE470964T1 (de) | 2010-06-15 |
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