JP5127733B2 - Combined power generator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a combined power generation apparatus that is a combination of a solid oxide fuel cell and a Stirling engine generator.

  In recent years, as a next-generation energy, a plurality of fuel cells that can obtain electric power using a hydrogen-containing gas (fuel gas) and an oxygen-containing gas (air, etc.) are installed and electrically connected in series. A fuel cell module and a fuel cell module in which a cell stack device having a cell stack and a fuel cell constituting the cell stack and having a manifold for supplying fuel gas to the fuel cell is housed in a container Various fuel cell devices in which the battery is housed have been proposed.

  In addition, for the purpose of improving power generation efficiency, a combined power generation device in which a fuel cell device is combined with another power generation device has been proposed. For example, a combined power generation device in which a fuel cell device is combined with a gas turbine or a Stirling engine generator is proposed. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

JP 2007-20407 A JP 2008-180131 A

  In such a combined power generation device, it has been proposed conceptually to drive the Stirling engine generator using off-gas discharged from the solid oxide fuel cell, but it is discharged from the solid oxide fuel cell. In some cases, the temperature of the exhaust gas to be reduced has decreased, and it has been difficult to efficiently drive the Stirling engine generator.

  In addition, when the Stirling engine generator is driven, if a heat source such as a heater is separately provided, the power generation efficiency may be reduced.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a composite power generator that can efficiently drive a Stirling engine generator and has improved power generation efficiency.

The combined power generation device of the present invention includes a fuel cell module in which a cell stack formed by electrically connecting a plurality of solid oxide fuel cells is connected in series in a power generation chamber provided in a storage container. A fuel cell device comprising a piston, an expansion space side and a compression space side formed between the pistons, a piston container filled with a working gas for operating the piston, and the piston And a Stirling engine generator that includes a power generation unit that generates power in accordance with the operation of the above, wherein an expansion space side of the piston container is disposed in the power generation chamber, and the inside of the storage container And a reformer for generating fuel gas to be supplied to the fuel battery cell, the compression space side of the piston container or the periphery of the cooling unit , Wherein the oxygen-containing gas supply pipe for supplying an oxygen-containing gas to the reformer is provided.
Also, the combined power generation apparatus of the present invention is a fuel cell in which a cell stack formed by electrically connecting a plurality of solid oxide fuel cells is connected in series in a power generation chamber provided in a storage container. A fuel cell device including a module; a piston container including a piston therein; an expansion space side and a compression space side formed between the pistons; and a piston container filled with a working gas for operating the piston; A combined power generation device comprising a Stirling engine generator provided with a power generation unit that generates power in accordance with the operation of the piston, wherein the expansion space side of the piston container is disposed in the power generation chamber, and the storage A reformer including a vaporization unit for generating fuel gas to be supplied to the fuel battery cell by steam reforming is disposed in the container. Around the compression space side or the cooling unit of ton container, characterized in that the pipe for supplying water to said vaporizing portion.
Furthermore, the combined power generation device of the present invention is a fuel cell in which a cell stack formed by electrically connecting a plurality of solid oxide fuel cell cells in series is housed in a power generation chamber provided in a housing container. A fuel cell device including a module; a piston container including a piston therein; an expansion space side and a compression space side formed between the pistons; and a piston container filled with a working gas for operating the piston; A combined power generation device comprising a Stirling engine generator including a power generation unit that generates power in accordance with the operation of the piston, wherein an expansion space side of the piston container is disposed in the power generation chamber, and the fuel The battery device includes a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell module and water, and compressing the piston container Around between side or the cooling unit, characterized in that the pipe for supplying water to said heat exchanger is provided.

The solid oxide fuel cells constituting the fuel cell device generate power at a high temperature of 600 to 1000 ° C. Therefore, the power generation chamber that houses a cell stack formed by electrically connecting a plurality of solid oxide fuel cells to each other in series is very hot. Therefore, in the combined power generation device formed by combining the fuel cell device and the Stirling engine generator, a heating means such as a heater is separately provided by disposing the expansion space side of the piston container constituting the Stirling engine generator in the power generation chamber. The expansion space side can be efficiently heated to a high temperature without any problems. Thereby, the working gas for operating the piston filled in the piston container can be efficiently heated. Thereby, since the piston can be operated efficiently, the Stirling engine generator can be driven efficiently, and a combined power generator with improved power generation efficiency can be obtained.
An oxygen-containing gas supply pipe for supplying an oxygen-containing gas (such as air) into the reformer is provided on the compression space side of the piston container or around the cooling unit. By flowing a low-temperature oxygen-containing gas, heat exchange is performed between the working gas and the oxygen-containing gas. Thereby, since the working gas can be efficiently cooled, the Stirling engine generator can be driven efficiently, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.
At the same time, the oxygen-containing gas heated and exchanged with the working gas is supplied to the reformer for generating fuel gas to be supplied to the solid oxide fuel cell. When quality or autothermal reforming is performed, the reforming efficiency can be improved, and the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell module (fuel cell device) can be improved.
Thereby, since the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell device and the Stirling engine generator can be improved, a combined power generation device with improved power generation efficiency can be obtained.
Furthermore, since a pipe for supplying water to the vaporization section of the reformer including the vaporization section is provided on the compression space side of the piston container or around the cooling section, low temperature water is allowed to flow through this pipe. Thus, heat exchange is performed between the working gas and water having a low temperature. Thereby, since the working gas can be efficiently cooled, the Stirling engine generator can be driven efficiently, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.
At the same time, the water flowing through the piping is heated by heat exchange with the working gas or vaporized, so that the endothermic reaction associated with the vaporization of water in the vaporization section is compared to the case where low temperature water is supplied directly to the vaporization section. And the cell stack can easily maintain a high temperature. Thereby, the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell module (fuel cell device) can be improved.
Furthermore, since a pipe for supplying water to the heat exchanger is provided on the compression space side of the piston container or around the cooling unit, the working gas and water are supplied by flowing low temperature water through the pipe. Heat exchange. Thereby, since the working gas can be efficiently cooled, the Stirling engine generator can be driven efficiently, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.
In addition, it has a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell module and the water flowing through the pipe, so the exhaust heat recovery efficiency of the fuel cell device can be improved. Energy efficiency can be improved. Thereby, it can be set as the combined electric power generating apparatus with improved total energy efficiency.

  In the combined power generation device of the present invention, it is preferable that the compression space side of the piston container is disposed outside the storage container of the fuel cell module.

  In such a combined power generation device, since the compression space side of the piston container is disposed outside the storage container of the fuel cell module, the compression space side of the piston container is not exposed to high-temperature heat. Compared to the low temperature. Thereby, the working gas for operating the piston filled in the piston container can be efficiently cooled without providing a cooling means such as a separate cooler. Thereby, since the piston can be operated efficiently, the Stirling engine generator can be driven efficiently, and a combined power generator with improved power generation efficiency can be obtained.

  The Stirling engine generator may be a Stirling engine generator configured such that the working gas reciprocates between an expansion space side and a compression space side of the piston container. The expansion space side and the compression space side of the container are connected by a connecting portion including a heating portion for heating the working gas and a cooling portion for cooling the working gas, and the heating portion is the power generation It is preferable that the cooling unit is disposed outside the storage container of the fuel cell module.

  In such a combined power generation device, when a Stirling engine generator configured to reciprocate between the expansion space side and the compression space side of the piston container in the working gas in the piston container is used, a heating unit for heating the working gas Is disposed inside the power generation chamber, and the cooling part for cooling the working gas is arranged outside the storage container of the fuel cell module, so that the working gas can be supplied without separately providing heating / cooling means such as a heater or a cooler. Heating and cooling can be performed efficiently. Thereby, since the piston can be operated efficiently, the Stirling engine generator can be driven efficiently, and a combined power generator with improved power generation efficiency can be obtained.

The combined power generator of the present invention can drive a Stirling engine generator efficiently, and can be a combined power generator with improved power generation efficiency.

An example of a double coupling power generator is an external perspective view showing an excerpt. It is sectional drawing of the combined power generator shown in FIG. It is a block diagram schematically illustrating an example of the configuration of the double coupling power generator. It is a block diagram schematically illustrating an example of a configuration other double coupling power generator. It is a further block diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of another example of a multi focus generator. It is a block diagram which shows simply the structure of an example of the combined power generation device of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows simply the structure of the other example of the combined power generation device of this invention. It is the block diagram which extracted a part of combined power generation system provided with the combined power generation apparatus of this invention, and showed an example of the structure.

  FIG. 1 is an external perspective view showing an excerpt of a fuel cell module 1 (hereinafter abbreviated as a module) constituting a fuel cell device and a piston container 13 constituting a Stirling engine generator of the combined power generator ( The power piston device including the power piston constituting the Stirling engine generator, the generator, etc. are omitted.) 1 shows a case where a displacer-type Stirling engine generator is used as the Stirling engine generator, and the piston container 13 serves as a displacer device having a displacer piston (not shown) inside. . The piston container 13 is filled with a working gas for operating the piston. As the working gas, a gas that expands or contracts depending on the temperature can be used. For example, air, helium gas, or the like can be used.

  Hereinafter, the module 1 which comprises a fuel cell apparatus among the combined power generators of this invention is demonstrated using FIG. In the following drawings, the same numbers are assigned to the same members.

  In the module 1 shown in FIG. 1, a columnar solid oxide fuel cell 3 (hereinafter referred to as fuel) having a gas flow path (not shown) through which a first reaction gas flows inside a storage container 2. Abbreviated as battery cells) arranged in an upright state and electrically connected in series between adjacent fuel cells 3 via current collecting members (not shown in FIG. 1) 5 is housed. In the cell stack 5, the lower end of each fuel cell 3 is fixed to the manifold 4 with an insulating bonding material (not shown) such as a glass sealing material. Further, at both ends of the cell stack 5, conductive members having current drawing portions for collecting and drawing the current generated by the power generation of the cell stack 4 (fuel cell 3) to the outside are disposed ( Not shown). With this configuration, the cell stack device 12 is configured.

  In FIG. 1, the fuel cell 3 is a hollow flat plate type having a gas flow path through which the first reaction gas (hydrogen-containing gas) flows in the longitudinal direction, and the surface of the support body having the gas flow path. A solid oxide fuel cell 3 in which a fuel side electrode layer, a solid electrolyte layer, and an oxygen side electrode layer are sequentially laminated is illustrated. In the following description, unless otherwise specified, the first reaction gas is assumed to be a fuel gas (hydrogen-containing gas), and the second reaction gas described later is assumed to be an oxygen-containing gas.

  Further, in FIG. 1, in order to obtain fuel gas used for power generation of the fuel battery cell 3, fuel gas is generated by reforming raw gas such as natural gas or kerosene supplied through the raw fuel supply pipe 10. A reformer 6 is arranged above the cell stack 5 (fuel cell 3). The reformer 6 preferably has a structure capable of performing steam reforming, which is an efficient reforming reaction. The reformer 6 reforms the raw fuel into fuel gas, and a vaporizer 7 for vaporizing water. And a reforming unit 8 in which a reforming catalyst (not shown) is disposed. The fuel gas generated by the reformer 6 is supplied to the manifold 4 through the fuel gas flow pipe 9 and is supplied from the manifold 4 to a gas flow path provided inside the fuel battery cell 3. The configuration of the cell stack device 12 can be changed as appropriate depending on the type and shape of the fuel cell 3. For example, the reformer 6 can be included in the cell stack device 12.

  FIG. 1 shows a state in which a part (front and rear surfaces) of the storage container 2 is removed and the cell stack device 12 stored inside is taken out rearward. Here, in the module 1 shown in FIG. 1, the cell stack device 12 can be slid and stored in the storage container 2.

  In addition, the storage container 2 is arranged between the cell stacks 5 juxtaposed on the manifold 4, and the second reaction gas (oxygen-containing gas) moves from the lower end to the upper end of the fuel cell 3. The reaction gas introduction member 11 is arranged so as to flow toward the surface.

  Further, in the cell stack device 12 having such a configuration, by burning excess fuel gas and oxygen-containing gas discharged from the gas flow path of the fuel cell 3 on the upper end side of the fuel cell 3, The temperature of the fuel cell 3 can be raised, and the activation of the cell stack device 12 can be accelerated. In addition, the reformer 6 disposed above the fuel cell 3 (cell stack 5) can be warmed, and the reformer 6 can efficiently perform the reforming reaction.

  In FIG. 1, a part of the piston container 13 constituting the Stirling engine generator is inserted and arranged in the storage container 2.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the module 1 shown in FIG. 1 and the piston container 13 constituting the Stirling engine generator housed in the module 1. The storage container 2 constituting the module 1 has a double structure having an inner wall 14 and an outer wall 15, and an outer frame of the storage container 2 is formed by the outer wall 15, and the cell stack 5 (cell stack device 12) is formed by the inner wall 14. Is formed. Further, in the module 1 (storage container 2), a reaction gas flow path through which the oxygen-containing gas introduced into the fuel cell 3 flows is provided between the inner wall 14 and the outer wall 15.

  Here, an oxygen-containing gas is introduced into the inner wall 14 from the upper surface of the inner wall 14 to the side surface side of the cell stack 5 and through a reaction gas flow path formed by the inner wall 14 and the outer wall 15. For this purpose, a reactive gas introducing member 11 is provided. A reaction gas introduction port 17 for introducing a second reaction gas to the lower end of the fuel cell 3 is provided at the lower end of the reaction gas introduction member 11.

  In FIG. 2, the reaction gas introduction member 11 is disposed so as to be positioned between two cell stacks 5 juxtaposed side by side inside the storage container 2, but depending on the number of cell stacks 5, for example, the reaction gas The introduction member 11 may be disposed so as to be sandwiched from both side surfaces of the cell stack 5. Specifically, when only one cell stack 5 (cell stack device 12) is accommodated, two reaction gas introduction members 11 can be provided and disposed so as to sandwich the cell stack 5 from both side surfaces. .

  Also, in the power generation chamber 16, the temperature in the module 1 is maintained at a high temperature so that the heat in the module 1 is extremely dissipated and the temperature of the fuel cell 3 (cell stack 5) is lowered and the power generation amount is not reduced. The heat insulating material 18 for doing is provided suitably.

  The heat insulating material 18 is preferably arranged in the vicinity of the cell stack 5. In particular, the heat insulating material 18 is arranged on the side surface side of the cell stack 5 along the arrangement direction of the fuel cells 3 and is equivalent to the outer shape of the side surface of the cell stack 5. Or it is preferable to arrange | position the heat insulating material 17 which has a magnitude | size beyond it. Although not shown in FIG. 2, the heat insulating material 18 is preferably disposed on both side surfaces of the cell stack 5. Thereby, it can suppress effectively that the temperature of the cell stack 5 falls. Furthermore, the oxygen-containing gas introduced from the reaction gas introduction member 11 can be suppressed from being discharged from the side surface side of the cell stack 5, and the flow of the oxygen-containing gas between the fuel cells 3 constituting the cell stack 5 can be reduced. Can be promoted.

  Further, an exhaust gas inner wall 19 is provided inside the inner wall 14 along the arrangement direction of the fuel cells 3, and the exhaust gas in the power generation chamber 16 extends from above between the inner wall 14 and the exhaust gas inner wall 19. It is an exhaust gas flow path that flows downward. The exhaust gas passage communicates with an exhaust hole 20 provided at the bottom of the storage container 2.

  Thereby, the exhaust gas generated with the operation of the module 1 (during start-up processing, power generation, and stop processing) flows through the exhaust gas passage and is then exhausted from the exhaust hole 20. The exhaust hole 20 may be formed by cutting out a part of the bottom of the storage container 2 or may be formed by providing a tubular member.

  By the way, when a solid oxide fuel cell is used as the fuel cell 3 housed in the module 1 described above, the solid oxide fuel cell generates electric power at a high temperature of 600 to 1000 ° C., so that the fuel cell device is operated. In this case, the inside of the power generation chamber 16 is also maintained at a high temperature of about 600 to 1000 ° C.

  Therefore, in the combined power generation device in which the fuel cell device and the Stirling engine generator are combined, the expansion space side of the piston container 13 including the piston inside the Stirling engine generator is disposed in the power generation chamber, thereby separately providing a heater. The expansion space side can be efficiently heated to a high temperature without providing a heating means such as.

  Here, in the combined power generation device of the present invention, the expansion space side of the piston container 13 is arranged in the power generation chamber 16 of the module 1.

  Thereby, the working gas for operating the piston filled in the piston container 13 can be efficiently heated, and the piston can be operated efficiently. As a result, the Stirling engine generator can be driven efficiently and a combined power generator with improved power generation efficiency can be obtained.

  1 and FIG. 2 show an example in which the expansion space side of the piston container 13 is disposed on the side of the cell stack 5, the expansion space side of the piston container 13 is positioned in the power generation chamber 16. The arrangement position is not particularly limited. For example, in the module 1 configured to burn surplus fuel gas on the upper end side of the fuel battery cell 3, the upper side in the power generation chamber 16 has a particularly high temperature, so that the expansion space side of the piston container 13 is placed in the power generation chamber 16. It can also be arranged on the upper side.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the compression space side of the piston container 13 is preferably disposed outside the storage container 2 of the module 1.

  The outside of the module 1 has a lower temperature than that in the power generation chamber 16. Therefore, by disposing the compression space side of the piston container 13 outside the storage container 2 of the module 1, the working gas filled in the piston container 13 can be efficiently cooled without providing a separate cooling means such as a heater. The piston can be operated efficiently. As a result, the Stirling engine generator can be driven efficiently and a combined power generator with improved power generation efficiency can be obtained.

  In addition, in order to cool the compression space side of the piston container 13 more efficiently, the compression space side of the piston container 13 may be formed in a fin shape or the like, or a heat radiating member may be provided.

  By the way, as a Stirling engine generator, a Stirling engine generator configured to reciprocate the working gas in the piston container 13 between the expansion space side and the compression space side is also known. In such a Stirling engine generator, a connecting portion that connects the expansion space side and the compression space side is provided with a heating portion for heating the working gas and a cooling portion for cooling the working gas. . In addition, a regenerator can be provided between the heating unit and the cooling unit, and a Stirling engine power generation in which a heat exchanger including a heating unit (heater), a regenerator, and a cooling unit (heater) is provided at the connection unit. The machine is known.

  Here, in the combined power generation device formed by combining the fuel cell device and the Stirling engine generator as described above, the heating unit is disposed in the power generation chamber 16 and the cooling unit is disposed outside the module 1. The working gas in the piston container 13 can be efficiently heated and cooled. Thereby, since the piston can be operated efficiently, the Stirling engine generator can be driven efficiently, and a combined power generator with improved power generation efficiency can be obtained.

  Furthermore, by disposing the heating unit in the high-temperature power generation chamber 16, the working gas can be efficiently heated without providing a heating means such as a heater for heating the working gas. Efficiency can be improved.

  3 and 4 are configuration diagrams schematically showing an example of the configuration of the above-described combined power generation apparatus. 3 and 4, each device constituting the fuel cell device is surrounded by a two-dot chain line. In FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, a portion surrounded by a thick line indicates the module 1.

  In the fuel cell device constituting the combined power generation device 21 shown in FIG. 3, the raw fuel supply means 22 for supplying the raw fuel to the reformer 6 disposed in the storage container 2, and the reformer 6 contains oxygen. A reformer oxygen-containing gas supply means 23 for supplying gas and a water supply means 24 for supplying water to the reformer 6 are provided.

  Thereby, when partial oxidation reforming is performed in the reformer 6, raw fuel is supplied from the raw fuel supply means 22, and oxygen-containing gas is supplied from the oxygen-containing gas supply means 23 for reformer. When autothermal reforming is performed by the mass device 6, reforming water is further supplied from the water supply unit 24, and when steam reforming is performed by the reformer 6, the raw fuel supply unit 22 supplies the raw material. While the fuel is supplied, the water for reforming is supplied from the water supply means 24. The fuel gas reformed and generated by the reformer 6 is supplied to the cell stack device 12, and the module oxygen-containing gas supply means 25 supplies the fuel gas into the storage container 2 (cell stack device 12) of the module 1. The oxygen-containing gas is supplied, and the cell stack device 12 (fuel cell 3) generates power. The reformer oxygen-containing gas supply means 23 and the module oxygen-containing gas supply means 25 may be used in combination.

  In the piston container 13 described above, the expansion side space 26 is disposed in the power generation chamber 16 (storage container 2), and the compression side space 27 is disposed outside the module 1. Then, the power of the piston housed in the piston container 13 is transmitted to a power piston (not shown), and power is generated by the generator 28 by the power of the power piston.

  FIG. 4 shows a case where a Stirling engine generator configured to reciprocate the working gas in the piston container 13 between the expansion space side 26 and the compression space side 27 is used as the Stirling engine generator. In addition, a heating unit 29 provided at a connection portion connecting the expansion space side 26 and the compression space side 27 is disposed in the power generation chamber 16 (storage container 2), and a cooling unit 30 for cooling the working gas is provided in the module 1. The example arrange | positioned outside the storage container 2 is shown. Although not shown in the figure, a regenerator can be provided between the heating unit 29 and the cooling unit 30.

  In such a combined power generation apparatus, in the combined power generation apparatus having the configuration shown in FIG. 3, the compression space side 27 is cooled, and in the combined power generation apparatus shown in FIG. By cooling), the piston in the piston container 13 operates efficiently, the Stirling engine generator can be driven efficiently, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.

  Here, in the combined power generation device shown in FIG. 5, a part of the module oxygen-containing gas supply pipe 31 that connects the module oxygen-containing gas supply means 25 and the inside of the module 1 (cell stack device 12) is connected to the piston. The example arrange | positioned around the compression space side 27 of the container 13 is shown. The module oxygen-containing gas supply pipe 31 may be disposed so as to surround the periphery of the piston container 13 on the compression space 27 side, and is disposed so as to meander the outer surface of the piston container 13 on the compression space 27 side. May be.

  Accordingly, the working gas can be efficiently cooled by exchanging heat between the working gas and the oxygen-containing gas having a low temperature supplied from the outside and flowing through the module-containing oxygen-containing gas supply pipe 31. Therefore, the Stirling can be efficiently performed. The engine generator can be driven, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.

  In addition, since the oxygen-containing gas heated by heat exchange with the working gas is supplied into the module 1 (cell stack device 12), the power generation efficiency of the module 1 can also be improved.

  When the oxygen-containing gas is supplied to the reformer 6 and the module 1 (cell stack device 12) by the reformer oxygen-containing gas supply means 23, the oxygen-containing gas supply means 23 for the reformer is used. A part of the pipe connecting the inside of the module 1 (cell stack device 12) can be arranged around the compression space 27.

  4, a part of the module oxygen-containing gas supply pipe 31 that connects the module oxygen-containing gas supply means 25 and the inside of the module 1 (cell stack device 12). Alternatively, the working gas can be efficiently cooled by disposing a part of the pipe connecting the reformer oxygen-containing gas supply means 23 and the inside of the module 1 (cell stack device 12) around the cooling unit 30. Power generation efficiency can be improved.

  Further, in the combined power generator shown in FIG. 6, a part of the reformer oxygen-containing gas supply pipe 32 connecting the reformer oxygen-containing gas supply means 23 and the reformer 6 is compressed in the piston container 13. The example arrange | positioned around the space side 27 is shown.

  As a result, the working gas can be efficiently cooled by exchanging heat between the working gas and the oxygen-containing gas having a low temperature that is supplied from the outside and flows through the reformer oxygen-containing gas supply pipe 32. The Stirling engine generator can be driven, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.

  In addition, since the oxygen-containing gas heated by heat exchange with the working gas is supplied to the reformer 6, the reformer 6 performs reforming when performing partial oxidation reforming or autothermal reforming. Efficiency can be improved and the power generation efficiency of the module 1 can also be improved.

  In the same manner as described above, when the oxygen-containing gas is supplied to the reformer 6 and the module 1 (cell stack device 12) by the module oxygen-containing gas supply means 25, the module oxygen-containing gas is supplied. A part of the piping connecting the supply means 25 and the reformer 6 can be arranged around the compression space 27.

  Further, in the case of the combined power generation device having the configuration shown in FIG. 4, as described above, the reformer oxygen-containing gas supply pipe 32 connecting the reformer oxygen-containing gas supply means 23 and the reformer 6 is provided. By arranging a part or a part of the pipe connecting the module oxygen-containing gas supply means 25 and the reformer 6 around the cooling unit 30, the working gas can be efficiently cooled, and power generation Efficiency can be improved.

  By the way, in the above description, an example of a configuration in which the temperature of the working gas is lowered by flowing an oxygen-containing gas having a low temperature around the compression space 27 or the cooling unit 30 of the piston container 13 has been described. The temperature of the working gas may be lowered, for example, low temperature water is allowed to flow around the compression space 27 of the piston container 13 or the cooling unit 30 to reduce the temperature of the working gas.

  FIG. 7 is a block diagram schematically showing another example of the combined power generation device of the present invention, and a pipe for supplying water from the water supply means 24 to the reformer 6 (vaporizer 7, not shown). The example which has arrange | positioned a part of 33 around the compression space side 27 of the piston container 13 is shown. The pipe 33 may be disposed so as to surround the periphery of the piston container 13 on the compression space 27 side, or may be disposed so as to meander the outer surface of the piston container 13 on the compression space 27 side.

  Here, by flowing water at a low temperature through the pipe 33, heat exchange can be performed between the working gas and the low-temperature water, and the working gas can be efficiently cooled. Therefore, the Stirling engine generator can be driven efficiently. Power generation efficiency can be improved.

  In addition, since the water flowing through the pipe 33 is heated by heat exchange with the working gas or vaporized, the water in the vaporizing unit 7 is vaporized compared to the case where water having a low temperature is directly supplied to the vaporizing unit 7. The associated endothermic reaction is reduced, and the cell stack 5 is easily maintained at a high temperature. Thereby, the power generation efficiency of the module 1 can also be improved.

  Further, in the case of the combined power generation apparatus having the configuration shown in FIG. 4, the working gas can be efficiently cooled by arranging a part of the pipe 33 around the cooling unit 30, thereby improving the power generation efficiency. can do.

  FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a combined power generation system showing a configuration of a fuel cell system including a fuel cell device constituting the combined power generation device of the present invention and a piston container 13 of a Stirling engine generator. is there. The fuel cell device constituting the combined power generation device of the present invention corresponds to a power generation unit that generates power in FIG. 8, a hot water storage unit that stores hot water after heat exchange, and a circulation for circulating water between these units. A fuel cell system is configured together with the pipe 46.

  The fuel cell apparatus (power generation unit) shown in FIG. 8 is for a fuel cell 1, a raw fuel supply means 22 for supplying raw fuel such as natural gas, and a reformer for supplying oxygen-containing gas to the reformer 6 and the like. An oxygen-containing gas supply means 23 and a reformer 6 for steam reforming with raw fuel and steam are provided. In the combined power generation system (fuel cell device) shown in FIG. 8, the case where the reformer oxygen-containing gas supply means 23 and the module oxygen-containing gas supply means 25 are used together is shown.

  Further, in the combined power generation system (fuel cell apparatus) shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of fuel cells 3 and a reformer 6 are housed in the housing container 2 to form a module 1. Is shown by a two-dot chain line. As described above, the expansion space side 26 of the piston container 13 is arranged in the module 1 (power generation chamber 16).

  Further, in the fuel cell device (power generation unit) shown in FIG. 8, the heat exchanger 42 that performs heat exchange between the exhaust gas (exhaust heat) generated by the power generation of the fuel cell 1 and water, the condensation generated by the heat exchange. A condensed water treatment device 48 for treating water into pure water and a condensed water supply pipe 50 for supplying the condensed water generated by the heat exchanger 42 to the condensed water treatment device 48 are provided. The condensed water treated by the device 48 is stored in the water tank 39 and then supplied to the reformer 6 by the water pump 40.

  On the other hand, when the amount of condensed water supplied to the condensed water treatment device 48 is small or when the purity of condensed water after being treated by the condensed water treatment means is low, water supplied from the outside (such as tap water) Can be treated with pure water and supplied to the reformer 6. In FIG. 8, each external water treatment device is provided as means for treating the water supplied from the outside into pure water.

  Here, as each external water treatment device for supplying water supplied from the outside to the reformer 6, the activated carbon filter device 36 for purifying the water, the reverse osmosis membrane device 37, and the purified water are purified. Among the devices of the ion exchange resin device 38 for making water, at least the ion exchange resin device 38 (preferably all devices) is provided. The pure water generated by the ion exchange resin device 38 is stored in the water tank 39. In the fuel cell device (power generation unit) shown in FIG. 8, a water supply valve 35 for adjusting the amount of water supplied from the outside is provided. Further, the condensed water treatment device 48 and the water tank 39 are connected by a tank connecting pipe 49. In the case where only condensed water is supplied to the reformer 6, the condensed water treatment device 48 and the reformer 6 can be connected via the water pump 40.

  In addition, each external water treatment device and condensate treatment device for treating water supplied to the reformer 6 are surrounded by a one-dot chain line. The water supply means 24 includes a water supply pipe 34 (corresponding to the pipe 33 in FIG. 7), a tank connection pipe 49, and a condensed water supply pipe 50 that connect the reformer 6 and each water treatment device. .

  Further, the fuel cell device shown in FIG. 8 is provided at the outlet of the power conditioner 41 and the heat exchanger 42 for switching the DC power generated in the fuel cell 1 to AC power and supplying it to an external load. In addition to the outlet water temperature sensor 44 for measuring the water temperature of the water flowing through the outlet 42 (circulated water stream), a control device 43 is provided, and a power generation unit is configured together with the circulation pump 45. And each apparatus which comprises these electric power generation units can be set as a fuel cell apparatus with easy installation, carrying etc. by accommodating in an exterior case (not shown). The hot water storage unit includes a hot water storage tank 47 for storing hot water after heat exchange.

  Here, in the fuel cell apparatus shown in FIG. 8, a part of the circulation pipe 46 (particularly, the circulation pipe 46 connecting the hot water storage tank 47 and the heat exchanger 42) for supplying water to the heat exchanger 42 is provided. By arrange | positioning around the compression space side 27 or the cooling part 30 of the piston container 13, working gas can be cooled efficiently and electric power generation efficiency can be improved.

  In addition, since the fuel cell device includes the heat exchanger 42 for exchanging heat between the exhaust gas discharged from the module 1 and the water flowing through the circulation pipe 46, the exhaust heat recovery efficiency of the fuel cell device is improved. Can improve overall energy efficiency. Thereby, it can be set as the combined electric power generating apparatus with improved total energy efficiency.

  Although the present invention has been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. .

  For example, in the above description, an example in which a displacer type Stirling engine generator is used as the Stirling engine generator has been shown, but other than that, a 2-piston type, a Kobayashi type, a mechanical link type, a double acting type, etc. It can also be used.

  Moreover, although the hollow plate type fuel cell 3 has been described as the solid oxide type fuel cell 3, for example, a flat type or cylindrical type solid oxide type fuel cell can be used, and the fuel cell A fuel battery cell having a configuration in which an oxygen-containing gas is circulated through the three gas flow paths can also be used.

1: Fuel cell module 3: Fuel cell 12: Cell stack device 13: Piston container 22: Raw fuel supply means 23: Reformer oxygen-containing gas supply means 24: Water supply means 25: Module oxygen-containing gas supply means 26 : Expansion space side 27: Compression space side 29: Heating unit 30: Cooling unit 31: Module oxygen-containing gas supply pipe 32: Reformer oxygen-containing gas supply pipe 33: Pipe

Claims (5)

A fuel cell device including a fuel cell module in which a cell stack formed by electrically connecting a plurality of solid oxide fuel cell cells in series is housed in a power generation chamber provided in a housing; A piston is provided, an expansion space side and a compression space side are formed across the piston, a piston container filled with a working gas for operating the piston, and power generation is performed in accordance with the operation of the piston A combined power generator comprising a Stirling engine generator including a power generation unit, wherein an expansion space side of the piston container is disposed in the power generation chamber, and is supplied to the fuel cell in the storage container A reformer for generating a fuel gas to be generated, and oxygen is contained in the reformer on the compression space side of the piston container or around the cooling unit. Combined power generation apparatus characterized by the oxygen-containing gas supply pipe for supplying the gas.   A fuel cell device including a fuel cell module in which a cell stack formed by electrically connecting a plurality of solid oxide fuel cell cells in series is housed in a power generation chamber provided in a housing; A piston is provided, an expansion space side and a compression space side are formed across the piston, a piston container filled with a working gas for operating the piston, and power generation is performed in accordance with the operation of the piston A combined power generator comprising a Stirling engine generator including a power generation unit, wherein an expansion space side of the piston container is disposed in the power generation chamber, and is supplied to the fuel cell in the storage container A reformer having a vaporization section for generating the fuel gas to be generated by steam reforming is disposed, and the compressor container side or front side of the piston container Around the cooling unit, combined power generation apparatus characterized by a pipe for supplying water to said vaporizing portion.   A fuel cell device including a fuel cell module in which a cell stack formed by electrically connecting a plurality of solid oxide fuel cell cells in series is housed in a power generation chamber provided in a housing; A piston is provided, an expansion space side and a compression space side are formed across the piston, a piston container filled with a working gas for operating the piston, and power generation is performed in accordance with the operation of the piston And a Stirling engine generator including a power generation unit, wherein the expansion space side of the piston container is disposed in the power generation chamber, and the fuel cell device is discharged from the fuel cell module. A heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the exhaust gas and water, and on the compression space side of the piston container or around the cooling unit, Combined power generation apparatus characterized by a pipe for supplying water is provided to the serial heat exchanger. Combined cycle power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the compression space side of the piston chamber is disposed outside the container of the fuel cell module. The Stirling engine generator is a Stirling engine generator configured so that the working gas reciprocates between an expansion space side and a compression space side of the piston container, and the expansion space side and the compression space side of the piston container, Are connected by a connection part comprising a heating part for heating the working gas and a cooling part for cooling the working gas, the heating part is arranged in the power generation chamber, and the cooling part is The combined power generation device according to claim 4 , wherein the combined power generation device is disposed outside the storage container of the fuel cell module.

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