JP5113490B2 - Building ventilation equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a building ventilation system.

As this type of prior art, a technique for arranging an air conditioning duct using a dead space formed between a plurality of building units has been proposed. For example, in the unit type building of Patent Document 1, the air conditioning duct is a flat tube having a rectangular cross-sectional shape, and the air conditioning duct is provided inside the partition wall. The short side length of the cross section of the air conditioning duct is made substantially equal to the gap between adjacent building units, and the long side length of the same cross section is set to the width of the wall of the building unit facing this air conditioning duct. Or it is made substantially equal to the vertical width. Thereby, while ensuring sound insulation, it was supposed that air volume required for air conditioning could fully be ensured.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-72263

  However, although the unit-type building in Patent Document 1 enables effective use of the inter-unit space, since it has a structure using the partition wall, if the strength of the partition wall is insufficient, the air conditioning duct is There is a risk of inconvenience such as deformation or damage.

  Moreover, it is thought that problems, such as a deformation | transformation of the duct for an air conditioning, may arise not only in a unit type building but in other buildings.

  The main object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation system for a building that enables effective installation of a space in the building and enables a suitable installation of a ventilation duct.

  Hereinafter, means and the like effective for solving the above-described problems will be described while showing functions and effects as necessary. In the following, in order to facilitate understanding, a corresponding configuration example in the embodiment of the invention is appropriately shown in parentheses, etc., but is not limited to the specific configuration shown in parentheses.

  Means 1. A ventilation system for buildings, characterized in that a ventilation member for conveying air for ventilation or air conditioning is disposed in a gap between structures in a building or in an internal space of the structure itself.

  According to the means 1, since the ventilation member is disposed in the space between the structures in the building or in the internal space of the structure itself, the ventilation member can be protected by the strength of the structure itself. That is, deformation and damage of the ventilation member can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to suitably install the ventilation duct while effectively utilizing the space in the building.

  The “structure” is a structural element of a building that plays a role of resisting its own weight or external force. For example, a pillar, a beam, a wall, and the like correspond to this.

  Mean 2. The structure is a load-bearing wall, and an internal space is formed in the load-bearing wall, and the load-bearing wall is used as the ventilation member so that air for ventilation or air conditioning can be conveyed to the internal space. The building ventilation system according to 1.

  According to the means 2, by using the bearing wall as the ventilation member, it is possible to suppress deformation or damage of the ventilation portion provided in the inside thereof. Furthermore, when used as a ventilation member, the passage cross-sectional area can be expanded and the pressure loss can be reduced.

Means 3. Applied to unit buildings constructed by assembling multiple building units (building unit 20),
The building ventilation system according to means 1, wherein a ventilation member for conveying air for ventilation or air conditioning is disposed in a gap between structures in the unit type building or in an internal space of the structure itself.

  According to the means 3, the ventilation member is disposed by effectively using a gap (dead space) between adjacent building units. In particular, the ventilation member can be protected by the strength of the structure itself in the unit type building. Therefore, unlike a configuration in which an air conditioning duct (a ventilation member) is provided inside the partition wall, deformation and damage of the ventilation member can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to effectively install the ventilation duct while effectively utilizing the space between the units.

Means 4. The structure is a column material (column 21) and beam materials (ceiling beam 22 and floor beam 23) of the building unit,
Ventilation ducts (inter-column ducts 31 and inter-beam ducts 32) are used as the ventilation members in at least one of the gaps between the column members of the adjacent building units (inter-column gap C1) and the gaps between the beam members (inter-beam gap C2). The building ventilation system according to the means 4, characterized in that it is disposed.

  In the unit type building, there are gaps between the beams and columns regardless of the floor plan and the like, and according to the means 4, the ventilation duct is installed using the gaps between the beams and the columns. For this reason, it is possible to install a ventilation duct in a place where there is no partition wall between building units. As a result, an air conditioning and ventilation plan can be suitably set without restricting the floor plan of the building.

  Means 5. The ventilation duct (inter-column duct 31) disposed in the gap between the column members is a straight tubular duct having a cross-sectional shape that fits between the column gaps and extending in the vertical direction along the column member. Ventilation equipment for buildings as described in

  According to the means 5, since the ventilation duct has a cross-sectional shape that fits between the column gaps, it is possible to ensure a large flow path area while making use of a limited column gap. For example, the duct has a flat cross-sectional shape. Further, since the duct is a straight tubular duct, the number of bent portions is reduced, and the pressure loss in the duct can be reduced. As described above, it is possible to reduce the resistance of the air blowing and to increase the efficiency of the operation of the ventilation equipment.

For example, in a portion where the column members of four building units are gathered, the four column members are arranged close to each other, and a substantially cross-shaped space is formed as a space between the columns (see FIG. 3). In this case, as a ventilation duct provided between the pillar gaps,
・ Ventilation duct whose opening cross-section is substantially cross-shaped,
・ Ventilation duct whose opening cross section is approximately T-shaped,
・ Ventilation duct whose opening cross section is substantially L-shaped,
・ Ventilation duct whose opening cross section has a single shape,
Etc. can be adopted.

  Means 6. The ventilation duct (inter-beam duct 32) disposed in the gap between the beam members is a straight tubular duct having a cross-sectional shape that fits between the beam gaps and extending in the horizontal direction along the beam member. 5. A building ventilation system according to 5.

  According to the means 6, since the ventilation duct has a cross-sectional shape that fits between the beam gaps, it is possible to ensure a large flow path area while making use of a limited gap between the beams. For example, the duct has a flat cross-sectional shape. Further, since the duct is a straight tubular duct, the number of bent portions is reduced, and the pressure loss in the duct can be reduced. As described above, it is possible to reduce the resistance of the air blowing and to increase the efficiency of the operation of the ventilation equipment.

Mean 7 An inter-column duct that is a ventilation duct provided between the column gaps, and an inter-beam duct that is a ventilation duct provided between the beam gaps,
A blower (air conditioning indoor unit 35) is connected to any part in the longitudinal direction of the inter-column duct, and the inter-beam duct is connected to a height position different from the blower in the inter-column duct. The building ventilation system according to any one of means 4 to 6, characterized in that:

  According to the means 7, the air blown from the air blower flows to the supply destination through the inter-column duct and the inter-beam duct. In this case, even if the blower outlet (blow-out grill) which is the supply destination of the blower is provided on a different floor from the blower device, the blower can be suitably blown.

  Means 8. A branching duct (branch duct 33) is provided so as to branch from the ventilation duct between the beam gaps, and the ventilation duct and the blowing grill (blowing grille 34) are connected by the branching duct. The ventilation equipment of the building as described in any one of thru | or 7.

  When a ventilation duct is provided between the beam gaps, it is generally provided apart from the blowing grill provided on the ceiling, floor, or wall. In such a case, the ventilation duct between the beams and the blowout grill communicate with each other through the branch duct, so that a practically preferable configuration can be realized in a configuration in which air is blown from the blowout grill to the living room or the like.

  Means 9. 9. The building ventilation system according to claim 8, wherein the branch duct is provided through a beam through hole (beam through hole 22a) formed in the beam material.

  According to the means 9, even when a ventilation duct is provided between two opposed beam members, the branch duct can be easily connected to the blowing grill.

Means 10. It is a unit type building in which each column material of an adjacent building unit is coupled by a coupling plate (coupling plate 41) at the stigma or column base part,
10. A building ventilation system according to any one of means 4 to 9, wherein a duct insertion portion (duct through hole 43) through which the ventilation duct is inserted is provided in the coupling plate.

  In general, each column member of a building unit is coupled by a coupling plate at a capital head portion or a column base portion. In such a configuration, the duct insertion portion is provided in the coupling plate, so that the ventilation duct is arranged in the vertical direction even if the top and bottom of the column member are divided by the coupling plate by the coupling plate. Can do. Also, in a multi-storey unit type building where two or more building units are provided above and below, even if a coupling plate is provided between the upper and lower floors, ventilation ducts are arranged so as to extend above and below the coupling plate. Can be set.

  Means 11. A bearing wall (bearing wall 61) provided by being connected to at least one of a pillar member and a beam member between adjacent building units is capable of transporting air for ventilation or air conditioning to the internal space, and as the ventilation member The building ventilation equipment according to any one of means 3 to 10, characterized in that it is used.

  According to the means 11, since the bearing wall is provided by being connected to at least one of the column member and the beam member in the unit type building, the proof stress of the unit type building can be increased. In addition, by using such a load-bearing wall as a ventilation member, it is possible to suppress deformation or damage of a ventilation portion provided in the interior thereof. Furthermore, when used as a ventilation member, the passage cross-sectional area can be expanded and the pressure loss can be reduced.

  Means 12. 12. The building ventilation system according to claim 11, wherein the load-bearing wall has a structure in which the wall surface is coupled to another structure that faces the load-bearing wall and deformation outside the surface is restricted.

  According to the means 12, since the bearing wall has a structure in which the deformation to the out-of-plane is restrained, it is possible to further suppress the deformation and damage of the ventilation portion provided in the interior thereof.

  Means 13. The building according to means 11 or 12, wherein the load-bearing wall has a thickness equal to or smaller than a gap between beams of adjacent building units, and is provided in a vertical direction through the gap between beams. Ventilation equipment.

  According to the means 13, the load-bearing wall can be installed in a limited space between the building units, and thus the ventilation member can be preferably installed.

  Means 14. A branch duct (branch duct 62) for diverting the air flowing through the interior space is connected to the load-bearing wall, and the branch duct is arranged through a beam through hole (beam through hole 22a) formed in the beam material. The building ventilation system according to the means 13, characterized in that it is provided and a blow-off grill is connected to the branch duct.

  According to the means 14, a practically preferable configuration can be realized in a configuration in which air is blown from the blowing grill to the living room or the like by connecting the interior space of the bearing wall and the blowing grill through the branch duct. Further, since the branch duct is arranged through the beam through hole, the branch duct can be installed with the shortest length even when the blowing grill is provided in the space behind the ceiling or under the floor of the building unit.

  Means 15. The building ventilation system according to any one of means 11 to 14, wherein a blow-off grill is provided on a wall surface of the load-bearing wall.

  In the above configuration in which the blowing grill is provided on the wall surface of the load bearing wall, the position of the blowing grill can be arbitrarily changed by changing the opening position on the wall surface. Accordingly, it is possible to increase the degree of freedom of setting with respect to the indoor outlet position.

  Means 16. The load-bearing wall has a height dimension equal to or greater than a height dimension from an upper beam material (ceiling beam 22) to a lower beam material (floor beam 23) of the building unit. The building ventilation system according to any one of means 11 to 15.

  According to the means 16, the bearing wall can be provided so as to straddle the upper and lower beam members of the building unit, and in order to increase the strength of the building unit by the bearing wall and to construct the ventilation path by the bearing wall. A preferred configuration can be realized.

  Means 17. The building ventilation system according to any one of means 3 to 16, wherein the ventilation member is attached to the building unit at a factory and then transported to a construction site.

  According to the means 17, the ventilation member (at least one of the inter-column duct 31, the inter-beam duct 32, and the bearing wall 61) is attached to the building unit at the factory, so that the installation work of the ventilation member at the construction site is simplified. can do. Thereby, the construction work of the ventilation equipment can be performed efficiently, and the local construction can be shortened.

Means 18. A plurality of ventilation members, wherein the plurality of ventilation members are connected to each other;
The building according to any one of means 1 to 17, wherein an adjustment valve (open / close valve 51) for adjusting a communication state between the ventilation members is provided at a connection portion of the plurality of ventilation members. Ventilation equipment.

  According to the means 18, the duct route (air passage) can be changed as necessary by appropriately switching the open / close state of the regulating valves provided at the connecting portions of the plurality of ventilation members, and the ventilation efficiency (air conditioning efficiency) Etc.) can be increased.

Means 19. Human detection means (human sensor 53) provided for each space to be ventilated;
Control means (controller 52) for controlling the opening of the regulating valve based on the detection result by the human detection means;
The building ventilation system according to claim 18, further comprising:

  According to the means 19, the opening degree of the regulating valve is controlled and the duct path (air path) is appropriately changed according to whether or not there is a person in the space (living room or the like) to be ventilated, that is, in the presence of the room. . Thereby, it is not necessary to blow air to an area that does not require air blowing, and it is possible to increase ventilation efficiency and to save energy (energy saving).

Means 20. User information is stored in advance in a mobile communication device (mobile communication device 54) carried by each user, and communication means (controller 52) capable of wireless communication with the mobile communication device in each space to be vented A ventilation facility comprising,
Means for ventilating a building according to means 18 or 19, comprising control means (controller 52) for controlling the opening of the regulating valve based on user information received by the communication means.

  According to the means 20, the user information is transmitted from the device when the user brings in the portable communication device in a space to be ventilated (such as a living room). Thereby, the opening degree of the regulating valve is controlled, and the amount of air passing through the ventilation member is adjusted according to the user. In this case, the user information preferably includes each user's physical information, health information, preference information, and the like. By receiving these pieces of information, ventilation (which is comfortable for the user and suitable for health) Air conditioning and ventilation).

  DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, it is embodied in a two-story unit type building constructed by a steel unit construction method, and an outline of the unit type building 10 is shown in FIG. The unit type building 10 includes a building body 11 formed by joining a plurality of building units 20 in two upper and lower layers, and a roof 12 disposed above the building body 11. In addition, the building unit 20 used for the unit type building 10 is manufactured in advance in a factory, and then transported to a building site by a truck or the like.

  FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the building unit 20. In the building unit 20, columns 21 are arranged at the four corners, and the upper end and the lower end of each column 21 are connected by four ceiling beams 22 and floor beams 23, respectively. A rectangular frame (frame) is formed by the pillars 21, the ceiling beams 22 and the floor beams 23. The column 21 is made of a square tube-shaped square steel. Moreover, the ceiling beam 22 and the floor beam 23 are made of channel steel having a U-shaped cross section, and are installed so that the openings thereof face each other. The ceiling large beam 22 (specifically, a grooved steel web) is provided with beam through holes 22a having a diameter of about 100 mm at a plurality of locations.

  A plurality of small ceiling beams 25 are bridged between the large ceiling beams 22 on the long sides of the building unit 20 at predetermined intervals. Similarly, a plurality of floor beams 26 are bridged between the large floor beams 23 on the long sides of the building unit 20 at predetermined intervals. The ceiling beam 25 and the floor beam 26 are horizontally provided at the same interval and at positions corresponding to the top and bottom. Although illustration is omitted, the ceiling surface material is supported by the ceiling beam 25 and the floor material is supported by the floor beam 26.

  The whole building air conditioning system is adopted in the unit building 10 of this embodiment, and an air conditioning indoor unit and a plurality of duct members (ventilating members) extending from the air conditioning indoor unit are installed as the air conditioning equipment. . The air conditioning indoor unit is provided, for example, in a ceiling back space (shed space) on the second floor, and air conditioning is performed on the first floor and second floor rooms by the air conditioning indoor unit. In the present embodiment, in particular, the air-conditioning duct member is constituted by a flat duct, and the duct is installed using a gap between adjacent building units 20. Hereinafter, the air conditioning equipment of this air conditioning system will be described in detail.

  FIG. 1 is a front view showing the installation state in the vertical direction of the air conditioning duct, and FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the installation state in the horizontal direction of the air conditioning duct. FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view showing a portion where the pillars 21 of the four building units 20 are gathered. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a portion where the pillars 21 of the four building units are gathered. In FIG. 2, for convenience of explanation, each building unit 20 is indicated by a simple rectangular frame, and a gap between each unit is illustrated in an enlarged manner as compared with a size ratio with respect to an actual building unit.

  Between adjacent building units 20, inter-column gaps C1 are provided between the columns 21, and inter-beam gaps C2 are provided between the ceiling beams 22 and between the floor beams 23 (gap C1). , C2 see FIG. 3). The width W1 of the inter-column gap C1 is, for example, about 75 mm, and the width W2 (dimension between the webs) of the inter-beam gap C2 is, for example, about 130 mm. The inter-column duct 31 having a flat cross section is installed in the inter-column gap C1 as an air conditioning duct (ventilation duct) for inter-column installation. In addition, an inter-beam duct 32 having a flat cross section is installed in the inter-beam gap C2 as an air conditioning duct for inter-beam installation.

  The inter-column ducts 31 are provided in the vertical direction along the columns 21 of the building unit 20, and in this example, are provided at two column concentrating portions where the four columns 21 are gathered (see FIG. 2). . The inter-column duct 31 has a length that connects at least the inter-floor portion of the first floor and the second floor and the second floor ceiling, and through the inter-column duct 31, for example, from an air conditioning indoor unit 35 installed on the second floor ceiling. Air-conditioned air is supplied to the lower part. In the present embodiment, an air conditioning indoor unit 35 is connected to the upper end portion of the inter-column duct 31.

  Further, the inter-beam duct 32 is provided along at least one of the ceiling large beam 22 and the floor large beam 23 of the building unit 20. In this example, the ceiling large beam 22 and the floor large beam 23 are provided in the first floor and the second floor. The inter-beam duct 32 is provided at the beam concentrating portion where the two are gathered and the beam concentrating portion where the second ceiling ceiling beam 22 is gathered (see FIG. 1). The inter-beam duct 32 has substantially the same length as the beam material on the end face side (short side) or the girder side (long side) of the building unit 20, and the inter-column duct 31 passes through the inter-beam duct 32. Air-conditioning air is supplied to each living room (space to be air-conditioned).

  Further, a branch duct 33 is appropriately provided in the inter-beam duct 32, and a blowing grill 34 is connected to a tip portion of the branch duct 33. The blow-out grills 34 are respectively provided in the ceiling portion of a living room or the like that is a space inside the unit. The branch duct 33 is provided so as to extend in a direction substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the inter-beam duct 32. The diameter of the branch duct 33 is substantially the same as that of the beam through hole 22a (about 100 mm), and the branch duct 33 is provided through the beam through hole 22a, so that the branch duct 33 is arranged in the ceiling space. Air can flow between the inter-beam duct 32 and the blowing grill 34.

  The inter-beam duct 32 is not provided in every gap in the inter-beam gap C <b> 2 between the building units 20, but is provided according to the presence / absence of the blowing grill 34 and the installation position of the grill 34. In the configuration shown in FIG. 2, the inter-beam duct 32 is not provided around the lower right building unit 20.

  In the present embodiment, by providing the inter-beam duct 32 with approximately the same length as the beam material (short side) or girder side (long side) of the building unit 20 in the longitudinal direction of the inter-beam duct 32. The branch duct 33 can be connected to an arbitrary position. This is a desirable configuration in that the location of the blow grill 34 can be arbitrarily set. However, when the blowing grill 34 is provided at a position close to the inter-column duct 31 (for example, in the case of the building unit 20 shown in the lower left of FIG. 2), the inter-beam duct 32 can be made shorter than the beam material. is there.

  The inter-column duct 31 and the inter-beam duct 32 will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. 3A is a plan view showing the arrangement of the four columns 21 and the ceiling girder 22, and FIG. 3B is a plan view showing a state in which the column duct 31 and the beam duct 32 are installed in the gaps C1 and C2. is there.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a column-to-column gap C <b> 1 is formed in a cross shape at the column collecting portion where the four columns 21 are collected, and the cross-sectional shape of the column-to-column gap C <b> 1 is also a cross shape. In this way, the inter-column duct 31 is installed. That is, the inter-column duct 31 is installed such that the outer peripheral portion is in close contact with the four columns 21.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), duct connecting portions 31a are respectively provided at the four end portions of the inter-column duct 31 having a cross shape, and one longitudinal end portion of the inter-beam duct 32 is provided at the duct connecting portion 31a. Are connected (FIG. 4 shows only one duct connecting portion 31a). The duct connecting portion 31a is provided so that at least a part of the tip end portion is buried in the inter-beam duct 32, and a joining tape or the like is wound around the joining portion to ensure the airtightness of the duct joining portion. . However, the connecting means between the inter-column duct 31 and the inter-beam duct 32 is arbitrary, and each of the ducts 31 and 32 is provided with a connecting pipe part, and each of the connecting pipe parts is used using a clip, a binding band, a binding tape, or the like. It is also possible to connect with each other.

  As shown in FIG. 4, in each building unit 20, a coupling plate 41 is provided at the column head of the column 21, and the columns 21 of each building unit 20 are coupled by the coupling plate 41 so as not to be separated. The coupling plate 41 has a substantially square shape and has substantially the same area as the area of the gathering portions of the four pillars 21. For example, the coupling plate 41 is provided in each column 21 of the first floor part and the second floor part. In this case, each column head of the four columns 21 shown in the figure is provided with a protrusion 21a on the upper end surface, and correspondingly, four holes 42 are formed in the coupling plate 41. When the coupling plate 41 is attached to the column head of each column 21, the hole 42 of the coupling plate 41 is inserted into the protrusion 21 a of each column 21. Thereby, the pillars 21 are coupled to each other in a non-separable manner at a predetermined interval.

  In addition, the coupling plate 41 is provided with duct through-holes 43 for allowing the inter-column ducts 31 to penetrate above and below the plate 41. In this case, a connecting portion 31b is provided at the upper end portion of the inter-column duct 31 so as to protrude upward from the column head of each column 21, and the duct is large enough to penetrate the connecting portion 31b. A through hole 43 is provided. Here, in order to ensure the strength of the coupling plate 41, the size of the duct through hole 43 is limited. Therefore, in this embodiment, the duct through-hole 43 is formed with a size of about ¼ of the inter-column duct 31 having a cross shape in plan view. However, when the coupling plate 41 is reinforced, the duct through-hole 43 can be enlarged, for example, the same shape as the portion sandwiched between the pillars, that is, the cross-shaped duct penetration in plan view It is also possible to form the hole 43 (the connecting portion 31b is also a cross in a plan view).

  And in the state which the connection part 31b protruded upwards rather than the coupling plate 41, the said connection part 31b is connected with the duct 31 between other pillars. By connecting the two inter-column ducts 31 in the vertical direction in this way, the inter-column ducts 31 can be installed through the first floor part and the second floor part.

  The inter-column duct 31 is a straight pipe material formed in a cross shape as shown in FIG. 3B in a state (natural state) before being assembled in the inter-column gap C1. However, before assembling to the inter-column gap C1, the cross-section is formed of a circular pipe duct and is assembled to the inter-column gap C1, that is, by being sandwiched between the columns 21 of the plurality of adjacent building units 20. The cross-section may be flat and crushed into a cross shape.

  On the other hand, the inter-beam duct 32 is a straight pipe formed so as to have a rectangular cross section in a state (natural state) before being assembled in the inter-beam gap C2. However, before assembling to the inter-beam gap C2, the cross-section is formed of a circular pipe duct and is assembled to the inter-beam gap C2, that is, by being sandwiched between the large beams 22 and 23 of a plurality of adjacent building units 20. The cross section may be flattened and deformed.

  For example, the inter-column duct 31 and the inter-beam duct 32 are attached to the building unit 20 at the construction site of the unit type building.

  However, the structure in which the inter-column duct 31 and the inter-beam duct 32 are attached to the unit 20 when the building unit 20 is manufactured in a factory may be used. When the ducts 31 and 32 are factory-installed, in the unit manufacturing factory, the inter-column ducts 31 and the inter-beam ducts 32 are attached to the columns 21 and the ceiling beams 22 of the specific building unit 20 by bonding or the like. The building unit 20 is transported to the construction site. When each duct 31 and 32 is factory-installed, the installation work of each duct 31 and 32 in a construction site (installation site) can be simplified. Thereby, the construction work of the air-conditioning equipment can be performed efficiently, and the local construction can be shortened.

  Whether the ducts 31 and 32 are installed at the construction site or the ducts 31 and 32 are installed at the factory, the inter-column duct 31 and the inter-beam duct 32 are combined with each building unit 20 at the construction site. As a result, it will be installed between the column gap and the beam gap.

  According to the entire building air conditioning system having the above-described configuration, when air is blown from the air conditioning indoor unit 35 installed on the second floor ceiling, the air flows downward through the inter-column duct 31, and the inter-beam duct 32 or the branch on the second floor ceiling portion. It is supplied to the second-floor room through the duct 33 and the blow-out grill 34. Similarly, the air blown from the air conditioning indoor unit 35 also flows downstairs through the inter-column duct 31, and is supplied to the first-floor room through the inter-beam duct 32, the branch duct 33, and the blowout grill 34 in the inter-floor portion of the first and second floors. . In this case, even if the blower outlet (blow-out grill 34) which is the supply destination of the blower is provided on a different floor from the air-conditioning indoor unit 35, the blower is suitably blown to the blower outlet.

  According to the embodiment described in detail above, the following excellent effects can be obtained.

  Since the inter-column duct 31 and the inter-beam duct 32 are disposed in the gaps between the columns of the adjacent building unit 20 and the beams, the gaps between the beams and the columns existing in the unit type building 10 regardless of the floor plan or the like. The air conditioning ducts (the inter-column duct 31 and the inter-beam duct 32) can be installed by effectively utilizing the above. Therefore, it is possible to install an air conditioning duct in a place where there is no partition wall between building units. As a result, the air conditioning plan can be suitably set without restricting the floor plan of the building.

  In the building unit 20, the pillars 21 and the large beams 22 and 23 serve as structures, and the inter-column ducts 31 and the inter-beam ducts 32 are disposed along the structures. Thus, the ducts 31 and 32 can be protected. Therefore, unlike the configuration in which the air conditioning duct is provided inside the partition wall as in the prior art, deformation and damage of the ducts 31 and 32 can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to effectively install the air conditioning duct while effectively using the space between the units.

  In the unit type building 10, there is a concern that warm air rises or cool air falls through the inter-column gaps formed by the plurality of building units 20, and that air conditioning efficiency decreases due to this. In this regard, by installing the inter-column duct 31 between the column gaps as described above, it is possible to suppress an increase in warm air and a decrease in cool air through the inter-column gap, thereby contributing to an improvement in air conditioning efficiency.

  In the unit-type building 10, due to the structure in which the column members and the beam members are connected in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, the inter-column gaps and the inter-beam gaps gather at the column assembly portion, and the inter-beam gaps are formed in the horizontal direction starting from the inter-column gaps. The Rukoto. With such a structure, the inter-column duct 31 and the inter-beam duct 32 intersect at the column concentration portion, and they can be directly connected.

  Since the inter-column duct 31 is configured as a straight tubular duct having a cross-sectional shape that fits the inter-column gap C1 and extending in the vertical direction along the column 21, a large flow path is sought while using the limited inter-column gap C1. The area can be ensured, and the number of bent portions can be reduced to reduce the pressure loss in the duct 31. As described above, it is possible to reduce the resistance of the air flow that flows in the vertical direction along the column 21, and to increase the efficiency of the operation of the air conditioning equipment.

  In addition, since the inter-beam duct 32 is configured as a straight tubular duct having a cross-sectional shape that matches the inter-beam gap C2 and extending in the horizontal direction along the beam material, an effort is made to use a limited inter-beam gap C2 and a large flow path area. Can be secured, and the number of bent portions is reduced, and the pressure loss in the duct 32 can be reduced. As described above, it is possible to reduce the resistance of the air flow that flows along the beam material, and to increase the efficiency of the operation of the air conditioning equipment.

  Since the branch duct 33 is connected to the inter-beam duct 32, and the branch duct 33 is disposed in the ceiling space of each floor through the beam through hole 22a, the inter-beam duct 32 is provided between two opposing beam members. Even in such a case, the connection to the blowing grill 34 by the branch duct 33 can be easily performed.

  Since the duct through-hole 43 is formed in the coupling plate 41 for coupling each building unit 20 and the inter-column duct 31 is provided through the duct through-hole 43, the coupling plate 41 is used for the column head portion of each column 21. Even if the upper and lower parts are divided, the inter-column duct 31 can be arranged in the vertical direction. Further, in a multi-storey unit type building in which the building unit 20 is provided in two or more layers above and below, even if the coupling plate 41 is provided between the upper and lower floors, the air conditioning is performed so as to extend above and below the coupling plate 41. Ducts can be provided.

[Other Embodiments]
The present invention is not limited to the description of the above embodiment, and may be implemented as follows, for example.

  -You may change the cross-sectional shape of the duct 31 between pillars, as shown in FIG. In FIG. 7 (a), the inter-column duct 31 has a T-shaped cross section that is flattened in a substantially T shape, and in FIG. 7 (b), the inter-column duct 31 has a substantially L-shaped configuration. In FIG. 7C, the inter-column duct 31 has a single cross-sectional shape that is flattened in a single shape. In any case, the inter-column duct 31 may have a cross-sectional shape that fits between the column gaps.

  Moreover, in FIG.7 (d), it is set as the structure which arrange | positions the ventilation duct 45 with the duct 31 between pillars using the clearance gap between pillars. In addition, regarding the installation of the ventilation duct in this way, it is also possible to provide the ventilation duct between the beam gaps.

  It is possible to install the inter-column duct 31 in addition to the portion where the four columns 21 gather. In this case, the inter-column duct 31 is configured to have a single cross-sectional shape that is flattened in a single character.

  In the plurality of inter-beam ducts 32 connected to the inter-column duct 31, an on-off valve that opens and closes a duct passage (air passage) is provided at a connection portion with the inter-column duct 31, and the on-off state of the on-off valve is electrically It is good also as a structure to control. Specifically, FIG. 8 shows the arrangement state of the six building units 20 in a plan view and also shows a part of the control system of the air conditioning equipment. As shown in FIG. Open / close valves 51 are respectively provided at the base end portions of 32 (near the end portion on the inter-column duct 31 side). The on-off valve 51 is a control valve that opens and closes based on a control signal from the controller 52. The on-off valve 51 is normally in an open state, and is configured to be switched to a closed state when a close signal from the controller 52 is received. In this example, the opening degree of the on-off valve 51 can be variably adjusted.

  The controller 52 receives a detection signal from a human sensor 53 provided in each room or space in the building (that is, for each space to be air-conditioned) and is carried by each user (resident). A wireless signal from the communication device 54 is input. The controller 52 constitutes communication means and control means. The human sensor 53 detects the presence or absence of a person in a predetermined room or space, and outputs the detection result to the controller 52. The portable communication device 54 is a small portable device such as a key type, a card type, or a pendant type, and stores user-specific user information (ID information) in advance, and transmits the user information upon request. . The user information includes physical information, health information, and preference information of each user. As the mobile communication device 54, a smart key for door locking / unlocking or a mobile phone can be used.

  The controller 52 controls the open / close state of the open / close valve 51 based on the detection result of the human sensor 53. At this time, the opening / closing of the on-off valve 51 is switched according to whether there is a person in the room or the like, that is, depending on the occupancy status, and the duct path (air path) is changed accordingly. Further, the controller 52 transmits a request signal (request signal) to the mobile communication device 54, and receives a signal including user information from the mobile communication device 54 existing in the room as a response. Based on the received user information, the open / close state of the open / close valve 51 is controlled. At this time, the opening degree of the on-off valve 51 is appropriately changed based on user information (physical information, health information, preference information, etc.), and the air volume and the like are adjusted according to the user in the room.

  According to the above configuration, by appropriately switching the open / close state of the on-off valve 51, the duct route (air passage) can be changed as necessary, and air conditioning efficiency can be increased. For example, by opening and closing the on-off valve 51 according to the occupancy status, it is not necessary to blow air to an area that does not require air blowing, so that air conditioning efficiency can be improved and energy saving (energy saving) can be achieved. In addition, by adjusting the air volume or the like according to the user information, it is possible to perform air conditioning that is comfortable for the user and favorable for health.

  -A bearing wall connected to at least one of pillars and beams between adjacent building units can be used as a ventilation member, enabling air for ventilation or air conditioning to be transported to the internal space. is there. Details will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 is a front view showing the installation state in the vertical direction of the load bearing wall 61. FIGS. 10A and 10B are cross-sectional views of the load bearing wall 61 viewed from a direction orthogonal to the wall surface (A in FIG. 9). FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing an internal structure of the load bearing wall 61.

  As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 (a), the load-bearing wall 61 is provided along the building unit on the second floor, and the vertical height thereof is from the ceiling beam 22 to the floor beam 23 of the building unit. It is the same size as the height. The dimension of the load bearing wall 61 in the wall width direction (the dimension in the left-right direction in FIG. 9) only needs to be smaller than the dimension between the two left and right columns 21 of the building unit, and may be approximately the same as the length of the beam material. .

  The bearing wall 61 has a thickness equal to or smaller than the gap between the beam members of adjacent building units, and is provided in the vertical direction through the gap between the beams. The load-bearing wall 61 has a structure in which the wall surface is coupled to other structures (the ceiling beam 22 and the floor beam 23) facing the load-bearing wall 61 with screws or the like, and deformation outside the surface is restricted. Yes. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 10A, the load bearing wall 61 is provided in contact with the web surfaces of the beam members 22 and 23, and screws are provided with respect to the webs of the beam members 22 and 23. Etc. are joined together. A branch duct 62 that divides the air flowing through the interior space is connected to the bearing wall 61, and the branch duct 62 is disposed through the beam through hole 22 a of the ceiling beam 22. A blowing grill (not shown) is connected.

  Or the structure shown in FIG.10 (b) may be sufficient as the load-bearing wall 61. FIG. In FIG. 10B, the load bearing wall 61 is provided in contact with the flange surfaces of the upper and lower beam members 22 and 23 and joined to the flanges of the beam members 22 and 23 by screws or the like. .

  The load bearing wall 61 may be configured to have a height dimension larger than the length between the ceiling beams 22 in each building unit on the first floor and the second floor. In such a case, the upper end portion of the load bearing wall 61 is on the second floor. The building unit extends upward from the ceiling beam 22 of the building unit, and the lower end extends downward from the ceiling beam 22 of the building unit on the first floor.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the load bearing wall 61 is hollow and has a double structure including an outer layer 63 made of steel and an inner layer 64 made of a heat insulating material. The hollow portion serves as a ventilation chamber 65.

  According to the above configuration, since the bearing wall 61 is provided by being connected to the beam member in the unit type building, the proof stress of the unit type building can be increased. Further, by using the load bearing wall 61 as a ventilation member, it is possible to suppress deformation or damage of the ventilation chamber 65 provided therein. Furthermore, when using as a ventilation member, a flat ventilation member can be constructed. Therefore, the passage cross-sectional area can be expanded and the pressure loss can be reduced.

  In addition, since the bearing wall 61 has a thickness equal to or smaller than the gap between the beam members of adjacent building units and is provided in the vertical direction through the gap between the beams, the bearing wall is provided in a limited space between the building units. 61 can be installed, and thus the ventilation member can be installed favorably.

  Since the ventilation chamber 65 inside the bearing wall 61 and the blowout grill (not shown) communicate with each other through the branch duct 62, a practically preferable configuration can be realized in a configuration in which air is blown from the blowout grill to the living room. Further, since the branch duct 62 is disposed through the beam through hole 22a, the branch duct 62 is installed in a straight line with the shortest length even when a blow grill is provided in the space behind the ceiling or under the floor of the building unit. be able to.

  Since the bearing wall 61 is connected to the upper and lower beam members 22 and 23 of the building unit, respectively, it is preferable to increase the strength of the building unit by the bearing wall 61 and to construct a ventilation path by the bearing wall 61. Configuration can be realized.

  A structure in which a blowout grill is provided on the wall surface of the load bearing wall 61 may be adopted. In this structure, the position of the blowing grill can be arbitrarily changed by changing the opening position on the wall surface. Accordingly, it is possible to increase the degree of freedom of setting with respect to the indoor outlet position.

  In the above configuration, the load bearing wall 61 is connected to the beam material. However, instead of or in addition to this, the load bearing wall 61 may be connected to the column material.

  In the building unit manufacturing factory, the load bearing wall 61 is attached to the building unit, and in that state, the integrated unit of the building unit and the load bearing wall 61 may be transported to the construction site.

  In the above embodiment, the blowing grill 34 is provided in the ceiling portion of each living room. However, the blowing grill 34 may be provided on the floor portion of each living room or provided on the wall. . Here, when the blow-out grill is provided in the floor portion, a branch duct is connected to the inter-beam duct provided between the floor large beams, and the branch duct is installed in the under-floor space through the beam through hole of the floor large beam. And the blowing grill is connected to the tip of the branch duct. In addition, when the blowing grill is provided on the wall, the branch duct is connected to either the vertical direction from the duct between the beams and the branch duct is installed inside the wall member, and the blowing grill is provided at the end of the branch duct. Connect.

  In the above embodiment, the coupling plate 41 is attached to the column heads of the plurality of pillars 21, but instead, the coupling plate 41 may be attached to the column bases of the plurality of pillars 21. In this case, a duct through-hole is formed in the coupling plate for the column base, and the inter-column duct 31 is provided through the duct through-hole.

  -In the said embodiment, although the air-conditioning indoor unit was installed in the second floor ceiling back of a building, this is changed. For example, an air conditioner indoor unit may be installed under the first floor of a building, or an air conditioner indoor unit may be installed in a space such as a storage room (storage) in the first floor part or the second floor part of the building. In any case, since it is possible to blow in the vertical direction by the inter-column duct, a suitable whole-building air conditioning system can be realized.

  -In addition to being embodied as an air conditioning facility as described above, the ventilation facility of the present invention can also be embodied as a ventilation facility. The present invention can also be applied to buildings other than unit buildings.

The front view which shows the installation state in a perpendicular direction about the duct for an air conditioning. The top view which shows the installation state in the horizontal direction about the duct for an air conditioning. The top view which expands and shows the part which each pillar of four building units gathers. The perspective view which shows the structure of the part which each pillar of four building units gathers. The perspective view which shows the outline | summary of a unit type building. The perspective view which shows the structure of a building unit. The top view which shows the modification about the cross-sectional shape of the duct between pillars. The figure which shows a part of control system of an air-conditioning equipment while showing the arrangement | positioning state of a building unit by planar view. The front view which shows the installation state in a perpendicular direction about a load-bearing wall. Sectional drawing which looked at the bearing wall from the direction orthogonal to the wall surface. Sectional drawing which shows the internal structure of a bearing wall.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Unit type building, 20 ... Building unit, 21 ... Column (column material), 22 ... Ceiling girder (beam material), 23 ... Floor girder (beam material), 31 ... Inter-column duct (ventilation duct), 32 ... Between beams Duct (ventilation duct), 33 ... Branch duct, 34 ... Blowout grille, 35 ... Air conditioning indoor unit (blower), 41 ... Coupling plate, 43 ... Duct through-hole (duct insertion part), 51 ... Open / close valve (regulation valve) 52 ... Controller (communication means, control means) 53 ... Human sensor (person detection means) 54 ... Mobile communication device (mobile communication device) 61 ... Bearing wall (structure) 62 ... Branch duct, C1 ... Gap between columns, C2: Gap between beams.

Claims (2)

A plurality of the inner space of the gap and the structure itself of the structural bodies in the assembled building units building a unitary constructed, ventilation or aeration equipment building ventilation member that conveys the air for air conditioning is disposed Because
As a structure of a building, with a pillar material and a beam material of the building unit, a load bearing wall provided to be connected to at least one of the pillar material and the beam material,
Forming an inner space to the bearing wall of that, Rutotomoni using the bearing walls, as the ventilation member as a possible transport of air for ventilation or air conditioning in the internal space,
At least one of the gap clearance and beam members to each other pillar between the adjacent contact building unit, a ventilation duct arranged as the vent member,
The ventilation duct is disposed in close contact with each other between the column members or the beam members forming the gap ,
A column concentrating portion in which the four column members are collected,
There are four gaps in which the pillar members are opposed to each other in the pillar assembly part, and the gaps between the pillars are formed in a cross shape in a plan view when they are continuous with each other.
Among the ventilation ducts, the inter-column ducts arranged in the gaps between the column members have at least a portion having an L shape in plan view so as to be arranged across two gaps intersecting each other between the column gaps. And
Each column member is provided with a projection on the end face of the column head portion, and each projection is inserted into a hole formed in the coupling plate, whereby each column member is coupled to the coupling plate,
At the upper end portion of the inter-column duct, an internal space communicates with the inter-column duct and a connection portion connected to another inter-column duct is formed, and the connection portion has the four gaps. It has a long and narrow shape along one gap,
Ventilation equipment for buildings, wherein the coupling plate is provided with an elongated duct insertion hole through which the connecting portion of the inter-column duct is inserted . Wherein as a part of the ventilation duct are arranged, the ventilation equipment of a building according to claim 1, wherein the pillar between the duct is formed in a cross shape in plan view on all four gaps to form a gap between the pillars.

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