JP5101327B2 - Real-time seismic damage estimation method and apparatus based on shaking of viaduct - Google Patents

Real-time seismic damage estimation method and apparatus based on shaking of viaduct Download PDF

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JP5101327B2
JP5101327B2 JP2008028319A JP2008028319A JP5101327B2 JP 5101327 B2 JP5101327 B2 JP 5101327B2 JP 2008028319 A JP2008028319 A JP 2008028319A JP 2008028319 A JP2008028319 A JP 2008028319A JP 5101327 B2 JP5101327 B2 JP 5101327B2
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viaduct
seismometer
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JP2009186385A (en
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直泰 岩田
公稔 芦谷
新二 佐藤
将宏 是永
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Railway Technical Research Institute
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本発明は、高架橋の揺れ方によるリアルタイム地震被害推定方法及びその装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a real-time earthquake damage estimation method and apparatus based on a method of shaking a viaduct.

従来、構造物の地震被害推定については、下記特許文献１〜４に開示されるようなものがあった。
特に、下記特許文献２は、地表面に設置され地震動を観測する観測手段と、前記観測手段で観測した地震動データを収集して保存すると共に地震動データを分析処理し分析結果を表示する計算機とを有した地震被害予測システムにより、構造物の地震被害を推定する地震被害予測システムの被害推定方法において、地震動検知時に観測された地震動データを収集して保存し、構造物の固有振動数に対応したフィルタ条件で前記地震動データをフィルタ処理し、フィルタ処理した地震動データの最大値に基づいて前記構造物の被害状況を推定し、その被害推定結果を管理者に通知するようにしている。 Conventionally, there has been a technique disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 4 below for estimating earthquake damage of structures.
In particular, the following Patent Document 2 includes an observation unit installed on the ground surface for observing seismic motion, and a computer that collects and stores seismic motion data observed by the observing unit, analyzes the seismic motion data, and displays the analysis results. In the earthquake damage prediction system that estimates the earthquake damage of structures using the earthquake damage prediction system that we have, the earthquake motion data observed at the time of detecting the earthquake motion is collected and stored, and it corresponds to the natural frequency of the structure The seismic motion data is filtered under the filter condition, the damage status of the structure is estimated based on the maximum value of the filtered seismic motion data, and the damage estimation result is notified to the administrator.

一方、高架橋の地震被害推定方法は、各地に設置されている地震計による情報に頼らざるを得ず、高架橋に対応したリアルタイムでの適切な地震被害推定が行われていないのが現状である。
特開２００２−３２３５７１号公報 特開２００３−１６１７８３号公報 特開２００６−２９１５７２号公報 特開２００６−２５８６３９号公報 On the other hand, the method for estimating earthquake damage on viaducts must rely on information from seismometers installed in various locations, and in reality, appropriate earthquake damage estimation in real time corresponding to viaducts has not been performed.
JP 2002-323571 A JP 2003-161783 A JP 2006-291572 A JP 2006-258639 A

そこで、本発明は、構造物一般に対する地震被害推定を更に発展させて、正確にしかもリアルタイムに地震による被害を推定する高架橋の地震被害推定方法を確立することにある。
本発明は、上記状況に鑑みて、高架橋に対応して適切な地震被害推定を行うことができる高架橋の揺れ方によるリアルタイム地震被害推定方法及びその装置を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, the present invention is to further develop earthquake damage estimation for general structures, and to establish an earthquake damage estimation method for a viaduct that accurately estimates damage caused by an earthquake in real time.
In view of the above situation, an object of the present invention is to provide a real-time earthquake damage estimation method and its apparatus based on the method of shaking of a viaduct that can perform an appropriate earthquake damage estimation corresponding to the viaduct.

本発明は、上記目的を達成するために、
〔１〕高架橋の上部に配置される第１の地震計と前記高架橋の下部に配置される第２の地震計とを備え、前記第１の地震計から出力される第１の変位波形から前記第２の地震計から出力される第２の変位波形を引き算することにより、前記高架橋自体の揺れの変位波形を求め、前記高架橋の地震被害の推定をリアルタイムで行う高架橋の揺れ方によるリアルタイム地震被害推定方法であって、前記求められた変位波形において横軸を橋軸直角方向の変位波形とし、縦軸を橋軸方向の変位波形とした場合、前記求められた変位波形の前記横軸方向の両振幅値に対する前記縦軸方向の両振幅値の割合が大きい場合には前記高架橋が地震被害を受けたと推定し、小さい場合には前記高架橋が地震被害を受けていないと推定することを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides
[1 ] A first seismometer disposed at the upper part of the viaduct and a second seismometer disposed at the lower part of the viaduct, and from a first displacement waveform output from the first seismometer wherein by subtracting the second displacement waveform outputted from the second seismograph, it obtains a displacement waveform of vibration of the viaduct itself, real time by shaking lateral row cormorants viaduct in real time estimation of earthquake damage of the viaduct In the earthquake damage estimation method, in the obtained displacement waveform, when the horizontal axis is the displacement waveform in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis and the vertical axis is the displacement waveform in the bridge axis direction, the horizontal axis of the obtained displacement waveform When the ratio of both amplitude values in the vertical axis direction to both amplitude values in the direction is large, it is estimated that the viaduct is damaged by earthquake, and in the case where the ratio is small, it is estimated that the viaduct is not damaged by earthquake. Features.

〔２〕高架橋の上部に配置される第１の地震計と、前記高架橋の下部に配置される第２の地震計と、前記第１の地震計から出力される第１の変位波形から前記第２の地震計から出力される第２の変位波形を引き算した、前記高架橋の被害状況を推定する変位波形を求める地震被害推定器を具備する高架橋の揺れ方によるリアルタイム地震被害推定装置であって、前記地震被害推定器は、前記高架橋の被害状況を推定する変位波形において横軸を橋軸直角方向の変位波形とし、縦軸を橋軸方向変位波形とした場合、前記変位波形の前記横軸方向の両振幅値に対する前記縦軸方向の両振幅値の割合が大きい場合には前記高架橋が被害を受けたと推定し、小さい場合には前記高架橋が被害を受けていないと推定する機能を有することを特徴とする。 [ 2] From the first seismometer arranged at the upper part of the viaduct, the second seismometer arranged at the lower part of the viaduct, and the first displacement waveform output from the first seismometer A real-time earthquake damage estimation device according to a method of shaking a viaduct comprising a seismic damage estimator for obtaining a displacement waveform for estimating a damage situation of the viaduct obtained by subtracting a second displacement waveform output from a second seismometer , The seismic damage estimator is configured so that the horizontal axis of the displacement waveform for estimating the damage situation of the viaduct is a displacement waveform in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis and the vertical axis is the displacement waveform in the bridge axis direction. When the ratio of both amplitude values in the vertical axis direction to both amplitude values in the direction is large, it is estimated that the viaduct is damaged, and in the case where the ratio is small, it has a function of estimating that the viaduct is not damaged. It is characterized by.

本発明によれば、次のような効果を奏することができる。
（１）高架橋の上部に配置される第１の地震計と高架橋の下部に配置される第２の地震計からの地震データにより、高架橋自体の橋軸直角方向ならびに橋軸方向の揺れ方の違いから、リアルタイムで高架橋の地震被害を推定することができる。
（２）強震時における被害発生の有無を推定することができる。 According to the present invention, the following effects can be achieved.
(1) Based on the seismic data from the 1st seismometer located at the upper part of the viaduct and the 2nd seismometer located at the lower part of the viaduct, the difference in the bridge axis direction of the viaduct itself and the bridge axis direction From the above, it is possible to estimate earthquake damage on the viaduct in real time.
(2) It is possible to estimate the occurrence of damage during a strong earthquake.

（３）各地の高架橋の地震被害推定を地震情報通信基地局において収集することにより、高架橋を含む地域的な被害の状況をリアルタイムで推定し、地震被害の広がりをも把握することができる。   (3) By collecting earthquake damage estimates of viaducts in various locations at the earthquake information and communication base station, it is possible to estimate the state of local damage including viaducts in real time and grasp the extent of earthquake damage.

本発明の高架橋のリアルタイム地震被害推定方法は、高架橋の上部に配置される第１の地震計と前記高架橋の下部に配置される第２の地震計とを備え、前記第１の地震計から出力される第１の変位波形から前記第２の地震計から出力される第２の変位波形を引き算することにより、前記高架橋自体の揺れの変位波形を求め、前記高架橋の地震被害の推定をリアルタイムで行う高架橋の揺れ方によるリアルタイム地震被害推定方法であって、前記求められた変位波形において横軸を橋軸直角方向の変位波形とし、縦軸を橋軸方向の変位波形とした場合、前記求められた変位波形の前記横軸方向の両振幅値に対する前記縦軸方向の両振幅値の割合が大きい場合には前記高架橋が地震被害を受けたと推定し、小さい場合には前記高架橋が地震被害を受けていないと推定する。 The real-time seismic damage estimation method for a viaduct of the present invention includes a first seismometer disposed above the viaduct and a second seismometer disposed below the viaduct, and outputs from the first seismometer. By subtracting the second displacement waveform output from the second seismometer from the first displacement waveform generated, the displacement waveform of the vibration of the viaduct itself is obtained, and the earthquake damage of the viaduct is estimated in real time. a real-time earthquake damage estimation method according to sway sideways row cormorants viaduct, the displacement waveform of Hashijiku perpendicular to the horizontal axis in the determined displacement waveform, if the vertical axis was Hashijiku direction of displacement waveform, the calculated If the ratio of both amplitude values in the vertical axis direction relative to both amplitude values in the horizontal axis direction of the obtained displacement waveform is large, it is estimated that the viaduct has suffered earthquake damage. It is estimated that only non.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について詳細に説明する。
図１は本発明の実施例を示す地震計の設置の状況を示す模式図である。
これらの図において、１は高架橋、２は橋脚、３は橋脚２の上部に設けられる第１の地震計、４は橋脚２の下部に設けられる第２の地震計、５は第１の地震計３及び第２の地震計４に接続される地震被害推定器であり、この地震被害推定器５には情報通信装置（図示なし）が内蔵されており、地震情報通信基地局へ高架橋のリアルタイム地震被害の推定情報の通信を行うことができる。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a state of installation of a seismometer showing an embodiment of the present invention.
In these drawings, 1 is a viaduct, 2 is a pier, 3 is a first seismometer provided at the upper part of the pier 2, 4 is a second seismometer provided at the lower part of the pier 2, and 5 is a first seismometer. The earthquake damage estimator connected to the 3rd and 2nd seismometers 4, and the earthquake damage estimator 5 has an information communication device (not shown) built in, and is connected to the earthquake information communication base station via a real-time earthquake on the viaduct. Communication of damage estimation information can be performed.

図２は本発明の実施例を示す高架橋の揺れ方によるリアルタイム地震被害推定方法を示すフローチャートである。
（１）まず、橋脚２の上部及び下部に設けられる各地震計による地震データ、つまり、第１の地震計３及び第２の地震計４から、地震による橋軸直角方向の変位データＡ1 ，Ａ2 と橋軸方向の変位データＢ1 ，Ｂ2 を取得する（ステップＳ１）。 FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a real-time earthquake damage estimation method according to a method of shaking a viaduct according to an embodiment of the present invention.
(1) First, earthquake data from each seismometer provided at the upper and lower parts of the pier 2, that is, displacement data A 1 in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis from the first seismometer 3 and the second seismometer 4, A 2 and displacement data B 1 and B 2 in the bridge axis direction are acquired (step S1).

（２）次に、橋脚２の上部に設けられる第１の地震計３における橋軸直角方向の波形Ａ1 から橋脚２の下部に設けられる第２の地震計４における橋軸直角方向の波形Ａ2 を引き算（Ａ1 −Ａ2 ）する。同様に、橋脚２の上部に設けられる第１の地震計３における橋軸方向の波形Ｂ1 から橋脚２の下部に設けられる第２の地震計４における橋軸方向の波形Ｂ2 を引き算（Ｂ1 −Ｂ2 ）する（ステップＳ２）。すると、橋脚２自体の変位データ、つまり、高架橋１自体の橋軸直角方向及び橋軸方向の地震による変位データのみを得ることができる。 (2) Next, the waveform A 1 in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis in the first seismometer 3 provided at the upper part of the pier 2 to the waveform A in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis in the second seismometer 4 provided in the lower part of the pier 2 2 is subtracted (A 1 -A 2 ). Similarly, the waveform B 2 in the bridge axis direction in the second seismometer 4 provided in the lower part of the pier 2 is subtracted from the waveform B 1 in the bridge axis direction in the first seismometer 3 provided in the upper part of the pier 2 (B 1 -B 2) (step S2). Then, only the displacement data of the pier 2 itself, that is, the displacement data due to the earthquake in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis of the viaduct 1 itself and the bridge axis direction can be obtained.

（３）ステップＳ２で演算したＡ1 −Ａ2 の両振幅値に対してＢ1 −Ｂ2 の両振幅値の割合が大きいか否かを判断する（ステップＳ３）。
（４）ステップＳ３において、演算結果が大きい場合には、地震被害が生じたと推定し（ステップＳ４）、その引き算した値が小さい場合には、地震被害が生じていないと推定する（ステップＳ５）。 (3) It is determined whether or not the ratio of both amplitude values B 1 -B 2 is large with respect to both amplitude values A 1 -A 2 calculated in step S 2 (step S 3).
(4) If the calculation result is large in step S3, it is estimated that earthquake damage has occurred (step S4), and if the subtracted value is small, it is estimated that no earthquake damage has occurred (step S5). .

図３は本発明の高架橋の揺れ方によるリアルタイム地震被害推定にかかる地震発生時におけるＸ地点のＡ日時とＢ日時の高架橋自体の橋軸直角方向と橋軸方向の変位を示す図であり、図３（ａ）は地震発生時におけるＸ地点のＡ日時の高架橋自体の変位を示し、図３（ｂ）は地震発生時におけるＸ地点のＢ日時の高架橋自体の変位を示している。
図３（ａ）に示す高架橋は橋軸直角方向の両振幅値に対する橋軸方向の両振幅値が小さいので、被害が発生していないと推定される。一方、図３（ｂ）に示す橋軸直角方向の両振幅値に対する橋軸方向の両振幅値の割合が大きいので、被害が発生したと推定される。 FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the displacement of the A bridge at the X date and the B bridge date and time in the bridge axis perpendicular direction and the bridge axis direction at the time of occurrence of the earthquake according to the real time earthquake damage estimation due to the method of shaking of the viaduct according to the present invention. 3 (a) shows the displacement of the viaduct itself at the A date and time at the X point when the earthquake occurs, and FIG. 3 (b) shows the displacement of the viaduct itself at the B date and time at the X point when the earthquake occurs.
In the viaduct shown in FIG. 3 (a), since both amplitude values in the bridge axis direction are small with respect to both amplitude values in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis, it is estimated that no damage has occurred. On the other hand, since the ratio of both amplitude values in the bridge axis direction with respect to both amplitude values in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis shown in FIG. 3B is large, it is estimated that damage has occurred.

なお、本発明は上記実施例に限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨に基づき種々の変形が可能であり、これらを本発明の範囲から排除するものではない。   In addition, this invention is not limited to the said Example, Based on the meaning of this invention, a various deformation | transformation is possible and these are not excluded from the scope of the present invention.

本発明の高架橋のリアルタイム地震被害推定方法及びその装置は、高架橋の地震被害推定を的確に行うツールとして利用可能である。   The viaduct real-time earthquake damage estimation method and apparatus according to the present invention can be used as a tool for accurately estimating the viaduct earthquake damage.

本発明の実施例を示す地震計の設置の状況を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the condition of the installation of the seismometer which shows the Example of this invention. 本発明の実施例を示す高架橋のリアルタイム地震被害推定方法を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the real time earthquake damage estimation method of a viaduct which shows the Example of this invention. 本発明の高架橋のリアルタイム地震被害推定にかかるＸ地点のＡ日時とＢ日時の高架橋自体の変位を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the displacement of the viaduct itself of the A date of the X point concerning the real time earthquake damage estimation of the viaduct of this invention, and the B date.

１ 高架橋
２ 橋脚
３ 第１の地震計
４ 第２の地震計
５ 地震被害推定器 1 Viaduct 2 Pier 3 First seismometer 4 Second seismometer 5 Earthquake damage estimator

Claims (2)

高架橋の上部に配置される第１の地震計と前記高架橋の下部に配置される第２の地震計とを備え、前記第１の地震計から出力される第１の変位波形から前記第２の地震計から出力される第２の変位波形を引き算することにより、前記高架橋自体の揺れの変位波形を求め、前記高架橋の地震被害の推定をリアルタイムで行う高架橋の揺れ方によるリアルタイム地震被害推定方法であって、前記求められた変位波形において横軸を橋軸直角方向の変位波形とし、縦軸を橋軸方向の変位波形とした場合、前記求められた変位波形の前記横軸方向の両振幅値に対する前記縦軸方向の両振幅値の割合が大きい場合には前記高架橋が地震被害を受けたと推定し、小さい場合には前記高架橋が地震被害を受けていないと推定することを特徴とする高架橋の揺れ方によるリアルタイム地震被害推定方法。 A first seismometer disposed at the upper part of the viaduct and a second seismometer disposed at the lower part of the viaduct, wherein the second seismometer is output from the first displacement waveform output from the first seismometer. by subtracting the second displacement waveform output from seismograph, the viaduct itself obtains the displacement waveform of the vibration of the real-time earthquake damage estimation by shaking lateral row cormorants viaduct in real time estimation of earthquake damage of the viaduct In the obtained displacement waveform, when the horizontal axis is the displacement waveform in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis and the vertical axis is the displacement waveform in the bridge axis direction, both of the obtained displacement waveforms in the horizontal axis direction are When the ratio of both amplitude values in the vertical axis direction relative to the amplitude value is large, it is estimated that the viaduct is damaged by earthquake, and when the ratio is small, it is estimated that the viaduct is not damaged by earthquake. Swing of viaduct Real-time earthquake damage estimation method by persons. 高架橋の上部に配置される第１の地震計と、前記高架橋の下部に配置される第２の地震計と、前記第１の地震計から出力される第１の変位波形から前記第２の地震計から出力される第２の変位波形を引き算した、前記高架橋の被害状況を推定する変位波形を求める地震被害推定器を具備する高架橋の揺れ方によるリアルタイム地震被害推定装置であって、前記地震被害推定器は、前記高架橋の被害状況を推定する変位波形において横軸を橋軸直角方向の変位波形とし、縦軸を橋軸方向変位波形とした場合、前記変位波形の前記横軸方向の両振幅値に対する前記縦軸方向の両振幅値の割合が大きい場合には前記高架橋が被害を受けたと推定し、小さい場合には前記高架橋が被害を受けていないと推定する機能を有することを特徴とする高架橋の揺れ方によるリアルタイム地震被害推定装置。 From the first seismometer arranged at the upper part of the viaduct, the second seismometer arranged at the lower part of the viaduct, and the first displacement waveform output from the first seismometer, the second seismometer A real-time earthquake damage estimation apparatus according to a method of shaking a viaduct comprising a seismic damage estimator for obtaining a displacement waveform for substituting a second displacement waveform output from a seismometer to estimate a damage waveform of the viaduct, In the displacement estimator for estimating the damage situation of the viaduct, the damage estimator has a displacement waveform in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis and a displacement axis in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis. When the ratio of both amplitude values in the vertical axis direction relative to the amplitude value is large, it is estimated that the viaduct is damaged, and when the ratio is small, it has a function of estimating that the viaduct is not damaged. the viaduct Real-time earthquake damage estimation apparatus according to the way of being.
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