JP2009186385A - Real-time earthquake damage estimation method by shaking mode of elevated bridge and its apparatus - Google Patents
Real-time earthquake damage estimation method by shaking mode of elevated bridge and its apparatus Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、高架橋の揺れ方によるリアルタイム地震被害推定方法及びその装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a real-time earthquake damage estimation method and apparatus based on a method of shaking a viaduct.
従来、構造物の地震被害推定については、下記特許文献1〜4に開示されるようなものがあった。
Conventionally, there has been a technique disclosed in
特に、下記特許文献2は、地表面に設置され地震動を観測する観測手段と、前記観測手段で観測した地震動データを収集して保存すると共に地震動データを分析処理し分析結果を表示する計算機とを有した地震被害予測システムにより、構造物の地震被害を推定する地震被害予測システムの被害推定方法において、地震動検知時に観測された地震動データを収集して保存し、構造物の固有振動数に対応したフィルタ条件で前記地震動データをフィルタ処理し、フィルタ処理した地震動データの最大値に基づいて前記構造物の被害状況を推定し、その被害推定結果を管理者に通知するようにしている。
In particular, the following
一方、高架橋の地震被害推定方法は、各地に設置されている地震計による情報に頼らざるを得ず、高架橋に対応したリアルタイムでの適切な地震被害推定が行われていないのが現状である。
そこで、本発明は、構造物一般に対する地震被害推定を更に発展させて、正確にしかもリアルタイムに地震による被害を推定する高架橋の地震被害推定方法を確立することにある。 Therefore, the present invention is to further develop earthquake damage estimation for general structures, and to establish an earthquake damage estimation method for a viaduct that accurately estimates damage caused by an earthquake in real time.
本発明は、上記状況に鑑みて、高架橋に対応して適切な地震被害推定を行うことができる高架橋の揺れ方によるリアルタイム地震被害推定方法及びその装置を提供することを目的とする。 In view of the above situation, an object of the present invention is to provide a real-time earthquake damage estimation method and apparatus therefor, which can perform an appropriate earthquake damage estimation corresponding to a viaduct, based on how the viaduct swings.
本発明は、上記目的を達成するために、
〔1〕高架橋の揺れ方によるリアルタイム地震被害推定方法において、高架橋の上部に配置される第1の地震計と前記高架橋の下部に配置される第2の地震計とを備え、前記第1の地震計から出力される第1の変位波形から前記第2の地震計から出力される第2の変位波形を引き算することにより、前記高架橋自体の揺れの変位波形を求め、前記高架橋の地震被害の推定をリアルタイムで行うことを特徴とする。
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides
[1] In the real-time seismic damage estimation method based on how the viaduct swings, the first earthquake is provided with a first seismometer disposed above the viaduct and a second seismometer disposed below the viaduct. By subtracting the second displacement waveform output from the second seismometer from the first displacement waveform output from the gauge, the displacement waveform of the shaking of the viaduct itself is obtained and the earthquake damage of the viaduct is estimated. Is performed in real time.
〔2〕上記〔1〕記載の高架橋の揺れ方によるリアルタイム地震被害推定方法において、前記求められた変位波形において横軸を橋軸直角方向の変位波形とし、縦軸を橋軸方向変位波形とした場合、前記求められた変位波形の前記横軸方向の両振幅値に対する前記縦軸方向の両振幅値の割合が大きい場合には前記高架橋が地震被害を受けたと推定し、小さい場合には前記高架橋が地震被害を受けていないと推定することを特徴とする。 [2] In the real-time earthquake damage estimation method according to the method of shaking of a viaduct according to [1] above, in the obtained displacement waveform, a horizontal axis is a displacement waveform in a direction perpendicular to the bridge axis, and a vertical axis is a displacement waveform in the bridge axis direction. If the ratio of both amplitude values in the vertical axis direction relative to both amplitude values in the horizontal axis direction of the obtained displacement waveform is large, the viaduct is estimated to have suffered earthquake damage. Is estimated to have not suffered earthquake damage.
〔3〕高架橋の揺れ方によるリアルタイム地震被害推定装置において、前記高架橋の上部に配置される第1の地震計と、前記高架橋の下部に配置される第2の地震計と、前記第1の地震計から出力される第1の変位波形から前記第2の地震計から出力される第2の変位波形を引き算した、前記高架橋の被害状況を推定する変位波形を求める地震被害推定器を具備することを特徴とする。 [3] In the real-time earthquake damage estimation apparatus according to the method of shaking of the viaduct, the first seismometer disposed above the viaduct, the second seismometer disposed below the viaduct, and the first earthquake A seismic damage estimator for obtaining a displacement waveform for estimating the damage status of the viaduct obtained by subtracting the second displacement waveform output from the second seismometer from the first displacement waveform output from the gauge. It is characterized by.
〔4〕上記〔3〕記載の高架橋の揺れ方によるリアルタイム地震被害推定装置において、前記地震被害推定器は、前記高架橋の被害状況を推定する変位波形において横軸を橋軸直角方向の変位波形とし、縦軸を橋軸方向変位波形とした場合、前記変位波形の前記横軸方向の両振幅値に対する前記縦軸方向の両振幅値の割合が大きい場合には前記高架橋が被害を受けたと推定し、小さい場合には前記高架橋が被害を受けていないと推定する機能を有することを特徴とする。 [4] In the real-time earthquake damage estimation apparatus according to the method of shaking of a viaduct according to [3], the earthquake damage estimator uses a displacement waveform for estimating a damage status of the viaduct as a displacement waveform in a direction perpendicular to the bridge axis. When the longitudinal axis is a bridge axis direction displacement waveform, if the ratio of both amplitude values in the vertical axis direction relative to both amplitude values in the horizontal axis direction of the displacement waveform is large, it is estimated that the viaduct has been damaged. When it is small, it has a function of estimating that the viaduct is not damaged.
本発明によれば、次のような効果を奏することができる。 According to the present invention, the following effects can be achieved.
(1)高架橋の上部に配置される第1の地震計と高架橋の下部に配置される第2の地震計からの地震データにより、高架橋自体の橋軸直角方向ならびに橋軸方向の揺れ方の違いから、リアルタイムで高架橋の地震被害を推定することができる。 (1) Based on the seismic data from the 1st seismometer located at the upper part of the viaduct and the 2nd seismometer located at the lower part of the viaduct, the difference in the bridge axis direction of the viaduct itself and the bridge axis direction From the above, it is possible to estimate earthquake damage on the viaduct in real time.
(2)強震時における被害発生の有無を推定することができる。 (2) It is possible to estimate the occurrence of damage during a strong earthquake.
(3)各地の高架橋の地震被害推定を地震情報通信基地局において収集することにより、高架橋を含む地域的な被害の状況をリアルタイムで推定し、地震被害の広がりをも把握することができる。 (3) By collecting earthquake damage estimates of viaducts in various locations at the earthquake information and communication base station, it is possible to estimate the state of local damage including viaducts in real time and grasp the extent of earthquake damage.
本発明の高架橋のリアルタイム地震被害推定方法において、高架橋の上部に配置される第1の地震計と前記高架橋の下部に配置される第2の地震計とを備え、、前記第1の地震計から出力される第1の変位波形から前記第2の地震計から出力される第2の変位波形を引き算することにより、前記高架橋自体の揺れを出力することを特徴とする。 The real-time earthquake damage estimation method for a viaduct of the present invention comprises a first seismometer disposed at the upper part of the viaduct and a second seismometer disposed at the lower part of the viaduct, from the first seismometer By subtracting the second displacement waveform output from the second seismometer from the output first displacement waveform, the vibration of the viaduct itself is output.
以下、本発明の実施の形態について詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
図1は本発明の実施例を示す地震計の設置の状況を示す模式図である。 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a state of installation of a seismometer showing an embodiment of the present invention.
これらの図において、1は高架橋、2は橋脚、3は橋脚2の上部に設けられる第1の地震計、4は橋脚2の下部に設けられる第2の地震計、5は第1の地震計3及び第2の地震計4に接続される地震被害推定器であり、この地震被害推定器5には情報通信装置(図示なし)が内蔵されており、地震情報通信基地局へ高架橋のリアルタイム地震被害の推定情報の通信を行うことができる。
In these drawings, 1 is a viaduct, 2 is a pier, 3 is a first seismometer provided at the upper part of the
図2は本発明の実施例を示す高架橋の揺れ方によるリアルタイム地震被害推定方法を示すフローチャートである。 FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a real-time earthquake damage estimation method according to a method of shaking a viaduct according to an embodiment of the present invention.
(1)まず、橋脚2の上部及び下部に設けられる各地震計による地震データ、つまり、第1の地震計3及び第2の地震計4から、地震による橋軸直角方向の変位データA1 ,A2 と橋軸方向の変位データB1 ,B2 を取得する(ステップS1)。
(1) First, earthquake data from each seismometer provided at the upper and lower parts of the
(2)次に、橋脚2の上部に設けられる第1の地震計3における橋軸直角方向の波形A1 から橋脚2の下部に設けられる第2の地震計4における橋軸直角方向の波形A2 を引き算(A1 −A2 )する。同様に、橋脚2の上部に設けられる第1の地震計3における橋軸方向の波形B1 から橋脚2の下部に設けられる第2の地震計4における橋軸方向の波形B2 を引き算(B1 −B2 )する(ステップS2)。すると、橋脚2自体の変位データ、つまり、高架橋1自体の橋軸直角方向及び橋軸方向の地震による変位データのみを得ることができる。
(2) Next, the waveform A 1 in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis in the
(3)ステップS2で演算したA1 −A2 の両振幅値に対してB1 −B2 の両振幅値の割合が大きいか否かを判断する(ステップS3)。 (3) It is determined whether or not the ratio of both amplitude values B 1 -B 2 is large with respect to both amplitude values A 1 -A 2 calculated in step S 2 (step S 3).
(4)ステップS3において、演算結果が大きい場合には、地震被害が生じたと推定し(ステップS4)、その引き算した値が小さい場合には、地震被害が生じていないと推定する(ステップS5)。 (4) If the calculation result is large in step S3, it is estimated that earthquake damage has occurred (step S4), and if the subtracted value is small, it is estimated that no earthquake damage has occurred (step S5). .
図3は本発明の高架橋の揺れ方によるリアルタイム地震被害推定にかかる地震発生時におけるX地点のA日時とB日時の高架橋自体の橋軸直角方向と橋軸方向の変位を示す図であり、図3(a)は地震発生時におけるX地点のA日時の高架橋自体の変位を示し、図3(b)は地震発生時におけるX地点のB日時の高架橋自体の変位を示している。 FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the displacement of the A bridge at the X date and the B bridge date and time in the bridge axis perpendicular direction and the bridge axis direction at the time of occurrence of the earthquake according to the real time earthquake damage estimation due to the method of shaking of the viaduct according to the present invention. 3 (a) shows the displacement of the viaduct itself at the A date and time at the X point when the earthquake occurs, and FIG. 3 (b) shows the displacement of the viaduct itself at the B date and time at the X point when the earthquake occurs.
図3(a)に示す高架橋は橋軸直角方向の両振幅値に対する橋軸方向の両振幅値が小さいので、被害が発生していないと推定される。一方、図3(b)に示す橋軸直角方向の両振幅値に対する橋軸方向の両振幅値の割合が大きいので、被害が発生したと推定される。 In the viaduct shown in FIG. 3 (a), since both amplitude values in the bridge axis direction are small relative to both amplitude values in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis, it is estimated that no damage has occurred. On the other hand, since the ratio of both amplitude values in the bridge axis direction to both amplitude values in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis shown in FIG. 3B is large, it is estimated that damage has occurred.
なお、本発明は上記実施例に限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨に基づき種々の変形が可能であり、これらを本発明の範囲から排除するものではない。 In addition, this invention is not limited to the said Example, Based on the meaning of this invention, a various deformation | transformation is possible and these are not excluded from the scope of the present invention.
本発明の高架橋のリアルタイム地震被害推定方法及びその装置は、高架橋の地震被害推定を的確に行うツールとして利用可能である。 The viaduct real-time earthquake damage estimation method and apparatus according to the present invention can be used as a tool for accurately estimating the viaduct earthquake damage.
1 高架橋
2 橋脚
3 第1の地震計
4 第2の地震計
5 地震被害推定器
1 Viaduct 2 Pier 3
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