JP5085926B2 - Gas generant composition - Google Patents

Gas generant composition Download PDF

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JP5085926B2
JP5085926B2 JP2006343707A JP2006343707A JP5085926B2 JP 5085926 B2 JP5085926 B2 JP 5085926B2 JP 2006343707 A JP2006343707 A JP 2006343707A JP 2006343707 A JP2006343707 A JP 2006343707A JP 5085926 B2 JP5085926 B2 JP 5085926B2
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gas
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gas generant
generant composition
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JP2008156132A (en
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正治 小林
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Daicel Corp
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06DMEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
    • C06D5/00Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
    • C06D5/06Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06BEXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B23/00Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
    • C06B23/02Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents for neutralising poisonous gases from explosives produced during blasting

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)

Description

本発明は、エアバッグ装置用のガス発生器に使用できるガス発生剤組成物に関する。   The present invention relates to a gas generant composition that can be used in a gas generator for an airbag device.

ガス発生器から発生するガスの清浄化(窒素酸化物、アンモニア、一酸化炭素濃度を低減すること)を目的として、グアニジン硝酸塩と塩基性硝酸銅を含むガス発生剤を用いることが知られている。その他、燃料として5−アミノテトラゾール、酸化剤として塩基性硝酸銅を用いることも知られている。   It is known to use a gas generating agent containing guanidine nitrate and basic copper nitrate for the purpose of cleaning the gas generated from the gas generator (reducing the concentration of nitrogen oxides, ammonia and carbon monoxide). . In addition, it is also known to use 5-aminotetrazole as a fuel and basic copper nitrate as an oxidant.

特許文献1では、テトラゾール類、グアニジン類、硝酸塩、過塩素酸塩、塩基性炭酸塩を含み、塩基性炭酸塩の含有量が20質量%を超え、40質量%以下であるガス発生剤組成物が開示されている。
特開2006−76849号公報 特開2002−12493号公報 特開2004−67424号公報 WO03/16244
In Patent Document 1, a gas generating composition containing tetrazole, guanidine, nitrate, perchlorate, and basic carbonate, wherein the content of basic carbonate exceeds 20% by mass and is 40% by mass or less. Is disclosed.
JP 2006-76849 A JP 2002-12493 A JP 2004-67424 A WO03 / 16244

本発明は、排ガスの清浄化の程度を高めることができ、エアバッグ装置のガス発生器用として好適なガス発生剤組成物を提供することを課題とする。   An object of the present invention is to provide a gas generant composition that can increase the degree of purification of exhaust gas and is suitable for a gas generator of an airbag apparatus.

請求項1の発明は、課題の解決手段として、燃料及び酸化剤に対して、更に塩基性炭酸マグネシウムを含有しており、前記塩基性炭酸マグネシウムの含有量が20質量%未満であるガス発生剤組成物を提供する。   As a means for solving the problems, the invention of claim 1 further includes basic magnesium carbonate with respect to the fuel and the oxidizing agent, and the content of the basic magnesium carbonate is less than 20% by mass. A composition is provided.

請求項2の発明は、課題の他の解決手段として、前記塩基性炭酸マグネシウムの含有量が18質量%以下である、請求項1記載のガス発生剤組成物を提供する。   The invention according to claim 2 provides the gas generant composition according to claim 1, wherein the content of the basic magnesium carbonate is 18% by mass or less as another means for solving the problem.

請求項3の発明は、課題の他の解決手段として、前記酸化剤が塩基性硝酸銅を含有している、請求項1又は2記載のガス発生剤組成物を提供する。   The invention according to claim 3 provides the gas generating composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the oxidizing agent contains basic copper nitrate as another means for solving the problem.

請求項4の発明は、課題の他の解決手段として、前記燃料が、メラミン、メラミンシアヌレート、グアニジン硝酸塩及びニトログアニジンから選ばれるものである、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載のガス発生剤組成物を提供する。   The invention of claim 4 provides the gas generation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, as another means for solving the problem, the fuel is selected from melamine, melamine cyanurate, guanidine nitrate and nitroguanidine. An agent composition is provided.

本発明のガス発生剤組成物を用いることにより、排ガスの清浄化度を高めることができる。   By using the gas generant composition of the present invention, the degree of purification of exhaust gas can be increased.

本発明で用いる燃料は、公知のガス発生剤で使用している含窒素化合物等を用いることができるが(例えば、特許文献2〜4に記載のもの)、これらの中でもメラミン、メラミンシアヌレート、グアニジン硝酸塩及びニトログアニジンから選ばれる1種又は2種以上のものが好ましい。   As the fuel used in the present invention, nitrogen-containing compounds used in known gas generating agents can be used (for example, those described in Patent Documents 2 to 4). Among these, melamine, melamine cyanurate, One or more selected from guanidine nitrate and nitroguanidine are preferred.

組成物中の燃料の含有量は、10〜55質量%が好ましく、12〜50質量%がより好ましく、14〜45質量%が更に好ましい。   10-55 mass% is preferable, as for content of the fuel in a composition, 12-50 mass% is more preferable, and 14-45 mass% is still more preferable.

本発明で用いる酸化剤は、公知のガス発生剤で使用しているものを用いることができるが(例えば、特許文献2〜4に記載のもの)、それらの中でも、塩基性硝酸銅、塩基性炭酸銅、硝酸カリウム、硝酸ナトリウム、硝酸ストロンチウム、過塩素酸カリウム、過塩素酸ナトリウム、過塩素酸アンモニウムから選ばれる1種又は2種以上のものが好ましい。   As the oxidizing agent used in the present invention, those used in known gas generating agents can be used (for example, those described in Patent Documents 2 to 4). Among them, basic copper nitrate, basic One or more selected from copper carbonate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, strontium nitrate, potassium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate, and ammonium perchlorate are preferred.

組成物中の酸化剤の含有量は、30〜85質量%が好ましく、35〜80質量%がより好ましく、40〜75質量%が更に好ましい。   30-85 mass% is preferable, as for content of the oxidizing agent in a composition, 35-80 mass% is more preferable, and 40-75 mass% is still more preferable.

本発明では、燃料及び酸化剤に加えて、更に塩基性炭酸マグネシウムを含有している。塩基性炭酸マグネシウムは、燃焼時に酸化マグネシウムに変化するが、酸化マグネシウムは安定な化合物であり、塩基性硝酸銅や塩基性炭酸銅のように酸化剤として機能するものではなく、排ガスを清浄化するように作用する成分であると考えられる。   In the present invention, basic magnesium carbonate is further contained in addition to the fuel and the oxidant. Basic magnesium carbonate changes to magnesium oxide during combustion, but magnesium oxide is a stable compound and does not function as an oxidant like basic copper nitrate or basic copper carbonate, but purifies exhaust gas It is thought that it is a component that acts like this.

組成物中の塩基性炭酸マグネシウムの含有量は、20質量%未満であり、好ましくは18質量%以下であり、より好ましくは15質量%以下である。下限値は2質量%以上が好ましい。   Content of basic magnesium carbonate in a composition is less than 20 mass%, Preferably it is 18 mass% or less, More preferably, it is 15 mass% or less. The lower limit is preferably 2% by mass or more.

本発明のガス発生剤組成物には、必要に応じて、公知のバインダを配合することができる。公知のバインダとしては、カラギナン、ペクチン、アルギニン・カルボマー、アルギン酸ナトリウム、アルギン酸プロピレングリコール、キサンタンガム、グアガム、アラビアガム、シクロデキストリン、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム、カルボキシメチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロースカリウム塩、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム塩、カルボキシメチルセルロースアンモニウム塩、酢酸セルロース、セルロースアセテートブチレート、メチルセルロース、エチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、エチルヒドロキシエチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、カルボキシメチルエチルセルロース、微結晶性セルロース、ポリアクリルアミド、ポリアクリルアミドのアミノ化物、ポリアクリルヒドラジド、アクリルアミド・アクリル酸金属塩共重合体、ポリアクリルアミド・ポリアクリル酸エステル化合物の共重合体、ポリビニルアルコール、アクリルゴム、デンプン、シリコーン等を挙げることができる。   A known binder can be blended in the gas generant composition of the present invention, if necessary. Known binders include carrageenan, pectin, arginine carbomer, sodium alginate, propylene glycol alginate, xanthan gum, guar gum, gum arabic, cyclodextrin, sodium polyacrylate, carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose potassium salt, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt Methyl cellulose ammonium salt, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, carboxymethyl ethyl cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, polyacrylamide, polyacrylamide amination, polyacryl hydrazide, polyester Riruamido acrylic acid metal salt copolymer, copolymer of polyacrylamide polyacrylic acid ester compound, polyvinyl alcohol, acrylic rubber, starch, and silicone and the like.

これらの中でも、排ガスの清浄化度を高める観点から、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム塩が好ましい。   Among these, carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is preferable from the viewpoint of increasing the degree of purification of exhaust gas.

添加剤としては、酸化鉄、酸化亜鉛、酸化コバルト、酸化マンガン、酸化モリブデン、酸化ニッケル、酸化ビスマス、シリカ、アルミナを含む金属酸化物、水酸化コバルト、水酸化鉄を含む金属水酸化物;炭酸コバルト、炭酸カルシウム;酸性白土、カオリン、タルク、ベントナイト、ケイソウ土、ヒドロタルサイトを含む金属酸化物又は水酸化物の複合化合物;ケイ酸ナトリウム、マイカモリブデン酸塩、モリブデン酸コバルト、モリブデン酸アンモニウム等の金属酸塩;シリコーン、二硫化モリブデン、ステアリン酸カルシウム、窒化ケイ素、炭化ケイ素等を挙げることができる。   Examples of the additive include iron oxide, zinc oxide, cobalt oxide, manganese oxide, molybdenum oxide, nickel oxide, bismuth oxide, silica, metal oxide containing alumina, cobalt hydroxide, metal hydroxide containing iron hydroxide; Cobalt, calcium carbonate; acid oxide, kaolin, talc, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, complex compounds of metal oxides or hydroxides including hydrotalcite; sodium silicate, mica molybdate, cobalt molybdate, ammonium molybdate, etc. Examples thereof include silicone, molybdenum disulfide, calcium stearate, silicon nitride, silicon carbide and the like.

本発明のガス発生剤組成物は、所望の形状に成型することができ、単孔円柱状、多孔円柱状又はペレット状の成型体にすることができる。   The gas generant composition of the present invention can be molded into a desired shape, and can be formed into a single-hole cylindrical, porous cylindrical, or pellet-shaped molded body.

これらの成型体は、ガス発生剤組成物に水又は有機溶媒を添加混合し、押出成型する方法(単孔円柱状、多孔円柱状の成型体)又は打錠機等を用いて圧縮成型する方法(ペレット状の成型体)により製造することができる。単孔円柱状、多孔円柱状のものは、孔が長さ方向に貫通しているもの、孔が貫通せずに窪みを形成しているもののいずれでもよい。   These molded products are prepared by adding water or an organic solvent to the gas generating composition, mixing and extruding (single-hole cylindrical or porous cylindrical molded body) or compression molding using a tableting machine or the like. It can be manufactured by (pellet-shaped molded body). The single-hole columnar shape and the porous columnar shape may be either those in which the hole penetrates in the length direction or those in which the hole does not penetrate and forms a recess.

本発明のガス発生剤組成物又はそれから得られる成型体は、例えば、各種乗り物の運転席のエアバック用インフレータ、助手席のエアバック用インフレータ、サイドエアバック用インフレータ、インフレータブルカーテン用インフレータ、ニーボルスター用インフレータ、インフレータブルシートベルト用インフレータ、チューブラーシステム用インフレータ、プリテンショナー用ガス発生器に適用できる。   Examples of the gas generant composition of the present invention or a molded product obtained therefrom include, for example, an inflator for an airbag of a driver seat of various vehicles, an inflator for an airbag of a passenger seat, an inflator for a side airbag, an inflator for an inflatable curtain, and a knee bolster It can be applied to an inflator for an inflator, an inflator for an inflatable seat belt, an inflator for a tubular system, and a gas generator for a pretensioner.

また本発明のガス発生剤組成物又はそれから得られる成型体を使用するインフレータは、ガスの供給が、ガス発生剤からだけのパイロタイプと、アルゴン等の圧縮ガスとガス発生剤の両方であるハイブリッドタイプのいずれでもよい。   The inflator using the gas generant composition of the present invention or a molded product obtained therefrom is a hybrid in which the gas supply is a pyrotype only from the gas generant, and a compressed gas such as argon and the gas generant. Any type.

更に本発明のガス発生剤組成物又はそれから得られる成型体は、雷管やスクイブのエネルギーをガス発生剤に伝えるためのエンハンサ剤(又はブースター)等と呼ばれる着火剤
として用いることもできる。
Furthermore, the gas generant composition of the present invention or a molded product obtained therefrom can be used as an igniting agent called an enhancer (or booster) for transmitting the energy of the detonator or squib to the gas generant.

実施例及び比較例
表1に示す各成分からなるガス発生剤組成物を製造した。各ガス発生剤組成物を用い、下記の方法により、ガス濃度を測定した。
Examples and Comparative Examples Gas generating compositions composed of the components shown in Table 1 were produced. The gas concentration was measured by the following method using each gas generant composition.

(ガス濃度の測定法)
実施例及び比較例の組成物(表1に示す各成分からなる成型前の粉状態のもの)を所定の金型の臼側に充填し、杵側端面より油圧ポンプで圧力14.7MPaにて5秒間圧縮保持させた後に取り出し、外径9.55mm、長さ12.70mmの円柱状ストランドに成型した。その後、110℃で16時間乾燥した。この円柱状成型体の側面にエポキシ樹脂系化学反応形接着剤コニシ株式会社製「ボンドクイック30」を塗布し、側面から着火せず、端面のみから着火燃焼する(単面移動燃焼する)ようにしたものをサンプルとした。
(Gas concentration measurement method)
The compositions of Examples and Comparative Examples (in the powder state before molding composed of the components shown in Table 1) are filled into the die side of a predetermined mold, and the pressure is 14.7 MPa with a hydraulic pump from the heel side end face. It was taken out after being compressed and held for 5 seconds, and molded into a cylindrical strand having an outer diameter of 9.55 mm and a length of 12.70 mm. Then, it dried at 110 degreeC for 16 hours. Apply "Bond Quick 30" manufactured by Konishi Co., Ltd., an epoxy resin-based chemical reaction adhesive on the side surface of this cylindrical molded body, so that it does not ignite from the side surface, but ignites and burns only from the end surface (single surface movement combustion) This was used as a sample.

次に、サンプルとなる円柱状ストランド(質量2.00g)を内容積1LのSUS製密閉ボンブ内に設置して、ボンブ内を完全に窒素置換しながら、7MPaにまで加圧安定させた。その後、ストランド端面に接触させたニクロム線に所定の電流を流し、その溶断エネルギーにより着火、燃焼させた。60秒間待機し、ボンブ内のガスが均一になってから、所定の栓付きテドラーバッグの開栓部をボンブガス排出部に連結し、ボンブ内の燃焼ガスを移入させることでサンプリングし、ガステック株式会社製探知器GV-100Sを用いてガステック気体検知管(NO及びNO検知用:No,10、NH検知用:No,3L、CO検知用:No,1L)により、NO、NH、CO濃度を測定した。 Next, a columnar strand (mass 2.00 g) serving as a sample was placed in a SUS sealed bomb having an internal volume of 1 L, and the pressure was stabilized to 7 MPa while the inside of the bomb was completely replaced with nitrogen. Thereafter, a predetermined current was passed through the nichrome wire brought into contact with the end face of the strand, and the ignition energy was burned and burned by the fusing energy. After waiting 60 seconds and the gas in the bomb becomes uniform, the opening part of the tedlar bag with a predetermined stopper is connected to the bomb gas discharge part, and sampling is performed by introducing the combustion gas in the bomb. By using a gas detector gas detector tube (for NO 2 and NO detection: No, 10, NH 3 detection: No, 3L, for CO detection: No, 1L) using a detector GV-100S, NO, NH 3 , The CO concentration was measured.

Figure 0005085926
Figure 0005085926


Claims (4)

燃料及び酸化剤に対して、更に塩基性炭酸マグネシウムを含有しており、前記塩基性炭酸マグネシウムの含有量が5〜15質量%であるガス発生剤組成物。 The gas generant composition which contains basic magnesium carbonate further with respect to a fuel and an oxidizing agent, and content of the said basic magnesium carbonate is 5-15 mass% . 前記酸化剤が塩基性硝酸銅を含有している、請求項記載のガス発生剤組成物。 The oxidizing agent contains a basic copper nitrate, claim 1 Gas generating composition according. 前記燃料が、メラミン、メラミンシアヌレート、グアニジン硝酸塩及びニトログアニジンから選ばれるものである、請求項1又は2記載のガス発生剤組成物。 The gas generating composition according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the fuel is selected from melamine, melamine cyanurate, guanidine nitrate and nitroguanidine. さらに、バインダとしてカルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム塩を含有している、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項記載のガス発生剤組成物。Furthermore, the gas generating composition of any one of Claims 1-3 which contains the carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt as a binder.
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