JP5068669B2 - 低下したrvpの含酸素ガソリン組成物及び方法 - Google Patents
低下したrvpの含酸素ガソリン組成物及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 184
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 31
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 131
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 120
- 230000001706 oxygenating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 120
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 101
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
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- OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-2,3-diol Chemical compound CC(O)C(C)O OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 24
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 13
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
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- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 10
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- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
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- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
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- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- -1 C 4 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)OC(C)C ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical group [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diacetone alcohol Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)(C)O SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003631 expected effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006078 metal deactivator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009044 synergistic interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
- C10L1/1822—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms
- C10L1/1824—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms mono-hydroxy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
- C10L1/023—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for spark ignition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
- C10L1/1822—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
- C10L1/1822—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms
- C10L1/1826—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms poly-hydroxy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
- C10L1/1881—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof carboxylic group attached to an aliphatic carbon atom
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- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Description
本発明者らは、本明細書において更に説明するように、RVP低下化合物を使用することにより、含酸素ガソリンに対して驚くべきRVP低下効果を与えることができることを見出した。かかるRVP低下化合物は、酸素化剤と相互作用して、酸素化剤をガソリンブレンドストックと配合することから予測されるRVPの上昇を低めることができる。いくつかの場合においては、RVP低下化合物の効果は極めて劇的であり、RVP低下化合物は負のRVP配合値を示す。
ガソリンは、当該技術において周知であり、概して、異なる沸点を有し、通常は大気圧下において約26℃〜約225℃の範囲の沸点を有する炭化水素の混合物を主成分として含む。この範囲は概算値であり、存在する炭化水素分子の実際の混合物、(存在する場合には)存在する添加剤又は他の化合物、及び環境条件に応じて変動する可能性がある。含酸素ガソリンは、ガソリンブレンドストックと1以上の酸素化剤との配合物である。
幾つかの酸素化剤を、ASTM D4814−01aの性能特性を満足する無鉛レギュラーガソリンブレンドストック中の溶解性に関して試験した。溶解性は、1容量%の酸素化剤化合物及び10容量%の酸素化剤化合物において測定した。結果を下Table3に示す。
比較例Aからの好適な酸素化剤を試験して、比較例Aの無鉛レギュラーガソリンブレンドストックと配合するためのそれぞれの化合物のRVP配合値を測定した。ガソリンブレンドストックのRVPは、ASTM D5191にしたがって測定して59.5kPaと測定された。それぞれの酸素化剤を、示された容量%でガソリンブレンドストックと配合し、得られた含酸素ガソリンのRVPを同様の方法で測定した。試験した特定の化合物及び用いた材料の容量%を、下Table4に示す。次に、示された容量濃度に関する酸素化剤のRVP配合値を算出し、結果をTable4に示す。
上記比較例Aのガソリンブレンドストックを、5容量%の好適な酸素化剤と配合した。好適な酸素化剤としてエタノールを用いた。得られた含酸素ガソリンのRVPをASTM D5191にしたがって測定すると、67.2kPaと測定された。幾つかの潜在的なRVP低下化合物を含酸素ガソリンと配合して、その化合物が可溶であるかを測定し、ブレンドRVP値を測定した。ASTM D5191にしたがって得られたガソリンのRVPを測定することによって、ブレンドRVP値を1容量%及び5容量%のブレンドに関して算出した。結果を下Table5に示す。
上記比較例Aのガソリンブレンドストックを、10容量%の好適な酸素化剤と配合した。好適な酸素化剤としてエタノールを用いた。得られた含酸素ガソリンのRVPを、ASTM D5191にしたがって測定すると67.2kPaと測定された。幾つかの潜在的なRVP低下化合物を含酸素ガソリンと配合し、ASTM D5191にしたがって得られた混合物のRVPを測定することによって1容量%及び5容量%のブレンドに関してブレンドRVP値を算出した。結果を下Table6に示す。
Claims (16)
- (a)ガソリンブレンドストック;
(b)1種以上の酸素化剤;及び
(c)酢酸、2−エトキシエタノール、2−プロパノール、1,3−プロパンジオール、2,3−ブタンジオール、トリエチルアミン及びこれらの組み合わせから選択される1種以上の21kPa未満のRVP配合値を有するRVP低下化合物;
を含み、1種以上の酸素化剤は10容量%で存在し、1種以上のRVP低下化合物は1〜5容量%で存在する、ガソリン組成物。 - RVP低下化合物が0.0kPa未満のRVP配合値を有する請求項1に記載のガソリン組成物。
- 1種以上の酸素化剤がアルコールである請求項1に記載のガソリン組成物。
- ガソリンブレンドストックと1種以上の酸素化剤との混合物が少なくとも47.5kPaのRVP値を有する請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載のガソリン組成物。
- ガソリンブレンドストック、1種以上の酸素化剤、及び1種以上のRVP低下化合物の混合物が、0.045未満の規格化相対吸光度を有する請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載のガソリン組成物。
- ガソリンブレンドストックと1種以上の酸素化剤とのブレンドが0.05より大きな規格化相対吸光度を有する請求項5に記載のガソリン組成物。
- ガソリンブレンドストック、1種以上の酸素化剤、及び酢酸、2−エトキシエタノール、2−プロパノール、1,3−プロパンジオール、2,3−ブタンジオール、トリエチルアミン及びこれらの組み合わせから選択される1種以上の21kPa未満のRVP配合値を有するRVP低下化合物を配合することを含み、1種以上の酸素化剤は10容量%で存在し、1種以上のRVP低下化合物は1〜5容量%で存在するガソリン組成物を提供し、含酸素ガソリンのRVPを低下させる方法。
- RVP低下化合物が0.0kPa未満のRVP配合値を有する請求項7に記載の方法。
- ガソリンブレンドストックと1種以上の酸素化剤との混合物が少なくとも47.5kPaのRVP値を有する請求項7又は8に記載の方法。
- 1種以上の酸素化剤又は1種以上のRVP低下化合物を、ターミナルにおいて配合する請求項7〜9のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 1種以上の酸素化剤及び1種以上のRVP低下化合物を、同時にガソリンブレンドストックと配合する請求項7〜10のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 1種以上のRVP低下化合物、ガソリンブレンドストック及び1種以上の酸素化剤を含む混合物が、0.045未満の規格化相対吸光度を有する請求項7〜11のいずれかに記載の方法。
- ガソリンブレンドストックと1種以上の酸素化剤との混合物が、0.05より大きな規格化相対吸光度を有する請求項12に記載の方法。
- ガソリンブレンドストック、1種以上の酸素化剤、及び酢酸、2−エトキシエタノール、2−プロパノール、1,3−プロパンジオール、2,3−ブタンジオール、トリエチルアミン及びこれらの組み合わせから選択される1種以上の21kPa未満のRVP配合値を有するRVP低下化合物を配合することを含み、1種以上の酸素化剤は10容量%で存在し、1種以上のRVP低下化合物は1〜5容量%で存在するガソリン組成物を提供し、ガソリンブレンドストックと1種以上の酸素化剤との混合物が予め定められた最大RVP限界よりも大きなRVP値を有し、ガソリンブレンドストック、1種以上の酸素化剤及びRVP低下化合物の混合物が予め定められた最大RVP限界以下のRVP値を有する、予め定められた最大RVP限界を有する含酸素ガソリンの製造におけるガソリンブレンドストックに対するRVPの制約を減少する方法。
- 1種以上のRVP低下化合物及び含酸素ガソリンを含む混合物が、0.045未満の規格化相対吸光度を有する請求項14に記載の方法。
- 含酸素ガソリンが、0.05より大きな規格化相対吸光度を有する請求項15に記載の方法。
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