US1713530A - Fuel - Google Patents
Fuel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1713530A US1713530A US94965A US9496526A US1713530A US 1713530 A US1713530 A US 1713530A US 94965 A US94965 A US 94965A US 9496526 A US9496526 A US 9496526A US 1713530 A US1713530 A US 1713530A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- parts
- alcohol
- mixture
- gasoline
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title description 26
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 15
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 10
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940093476 ethylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000011555 saturated liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000266 injurious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical class [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
- C10L1/023—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for spark ignition
Definitions
- My invention relates to liquid hydrocarbon fuels for use in internal combustion englues, such as automobile engines and similar engines for other power purposes.
- My invention relates particularly to improvements in saturated hydrocarbon fuels of the homologous series, such as kerosene and gasoline, but also includes the benzene series.
- the object of my invention is to add to these or similar fluids, a substance which will enable internal combustion engines to be operated at much higher temperatures and pressures than heretofore without det- 15 onation or What is known as knocking,
- a further object of my invention is to produce a fuel which will prevent the for- 2 mation of carbon deposits on the cylinder walls and other parts of the engine without producing any deleterious effect on the surfaces in which the fuel comes in contact.
- a further object of my invention is to produce a fuel which will be free from poisonous or toxic gases other than the usual products of combustion and one which would not be poisonous or injurious to health in its manufacture.
- a further object-of my invention is to produce a fuel which may be easily and economically manufactured without greatly increasing the cost of the fuel over those ordinarily used at the present time in internal combustion engines and one that will give greatly increased mileage per gallon used;
- Ethyl alcohol of 180-190 proof contains, as well known, 10 or cent per cent of water. Ordinarily t e water thus contained in the alcohol prevents the alcohol from becoming dissolved in or thoroughly mixed with the hydrocarbon fuel and precludes the making of a water-white liquid fuel.
- glycerine As an equivalent of either or both glycerine and alcohol I may also use ethylene-glycol, of which the chemical formula is 0 11,. (OH) This latter material partakes both of the nature of alcohol as well as of glycerine but is not volatile as is alcohol. As another equivalent ingredient I may also use methyl alcohol, propinol or other glycols.
- Other hydrocarbon fuels may also be used.
- the proportions of the mixture of alcohol and butanol, with or without gl'ycer'ine are not critical and more water may be used than is contained in commercial alcohol when found to be efficacious, particularly when saturated hydrocarbons of lower boiling points than gasoline are used.
- the amount of butanol introduced need be suflicient only to produce complete miscibility of the alcohol and water with the hydrocarbon employed as a. fuel.
- a fuel comprising a light saturated liquid hydrocarbon fuel, commercial alcohol containing from to per cent of Water, butanol to cause miscibility thereof with said hydrocarbon, and a small quantity of glycerine.
- a fuel comprising a light saturated liquid hydrocarbon fuel having added thereto from 1% to 10% of a mixture of commercial alcohol about 70 parts, butanol about parts, and glycerine about 5 parts.
- a fuel comprising a light saturated
- a liquid hydrocarbon fuel having added thereto from 1% to 10% of a mixture of commercial ethyl alcohol about 70 parts, butanol about 20 parts and glycerine about 5 parts.
- a fuel comprising gasoline having added thereto a mixture of alcoholto parts, water 3 to 10 parts, butanol about 20 parts and glycer'ine about 5 parts.
- a fuel comprising gasoline having added thereto from 1% to 10% of a mixture of commercial alcohol of from 180 to 190 proof about parts, and butanol about 20 parts.
- a fuel comprising gasoline having added thereto from 1 to 10% of a mixture of commercial alcohol of from to proof about 70 parts. butanol about 20 parts and glycerine about 5 parts.
- a fuel comprising gasoline having added thereto from 1% to 10% of a mixture of commercial ethyl alcohol about 70 parts, butanol about 20 parts, and glycerine about 5 parts.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Description
Patented May 21, 1929.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
GRANT HAMMOND, OF WHITNEYVILLE, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO FUEL DEVELOP- MENT CORPORATION, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.
FUEL.
No Drawing.
My invention relates to liquid hydrocarbon fuels for use in internal combustion englues, such as automobile engines and similar engines for other power purposes.
i. My invention relates particularly to improvements in saturated hydrocarbon fuels of the homologous series, such as kerosene and gasoline, but also includes the benzene series.
The object of my invention is to add to these or similar fluids, a substance which will enable internal combustion engines to be operated at much higher temperatures and pressures than heretofore without det- 15 onation or What is known as knocking,
under various atmospheric conditions and at high altitudes as in aeroplane engines.
A further object of my invention is to produce a fuel which will prevent the for- 2 mation of carbon deposits on the cylinder walls and other parts of the engine without producing any deleterious effect on the surfaces in which the fuel comes in contact.
A further object of my invention is to produce a fuel which will be free from poisonous or toxic gases other than the usual products of combustion and one which would not be poisonous or injurious to health in its manufacture.
A further object-of my invention is to produce a fuel which may be easily and economically manufactured without greatly increasing the cost of the fuel over those ordinarily used at the present time in internal combustion engines and one that will give greatly increased mileage per gallon used;
I have found that if commercial ethyl alcohol (180190 proof) be introduced into gasoline and become thoroughly mixed therewith, greatly improved results will be obtained over the use of gasoline and other hydrocarbon fuels without such additions. Ethyl alcohol of 180-190 proof contains, as well known, 10 or cent per cent of water. Ordinarily t e water thus contained in the alcohol prevents the alcohol from becoming dissolved in or thoroughly mixed with the hydrocarbon fuel and precludes the making of a water-white liquid fuel.
As stated in my prior Patent No. 1,570,- 060, issued January 19, 1926, I find that butyl alcohol when introduced to the extent of a small percentage into a mixture of Application filed March 15, 1926. Serial No. 94,965.
gasoline and similar hydrocarbons with alcohol causes the alcohol to immediately become miscible with the gasoline. I prefer, however, to use in addition to these ingredients, a small percentage of glycerine or its equivalent. As an equivalent of either or both glycerine and alcohol I may also use ethylene-glycol, of which the chemical formula is 0 11,. (OH) This latter material partakes both of the nature of alcohol as well as of glycerine but is not volatile as is alcohol. As another equivalent ingredient I may also use methyl alcohol, propinol or other glycols.
As an example of one mixture above mentioned, I take 67 parts of commercial ethyl alcohol, 18 parts of butanol and 5 parts of glycerine. These are mixed together by agitation or any other suitable manner and then introduced into the gasoline to the extent of l or more per cent thereof without resulting in a milky or turbid mixture. Other hydrocarbon fuels ma also be used.
I find that by addition 0 the glycerine, the tendency of the mixture to detonate or knock is still further reduced so that compression in a gasoline engine may be carried as high as 110 to 120 pounds per square inch without detonation and consequently the temperatures existing during compression may be carried correspondingly high.
'As another example of a mixture above referred to I mix 72 parts of ethylene glycol with 18 parts of butanol and a small quantity about 4% or 5% of water. This, when introduced into gasoline to the extent of 3 or more per cent also produces similar advantageous results to those above described As above indicated the addition of 1 to 3% of a mixture of alcohol, glycerine and butanol to the fuel is siifiicient to eliminate detonation or knocking in automobile and similar engines having the usual compressions of the present time but the addition of greater percentages of the mixture up to 10 per cent or more, according to the degree of temperature or amount of compression employed, will eliminate detonation with compressions as high as 110 to 120 pounds per square inch.
The proportions of the mixture of alcohol and butanol, with or without gl'ycer'ine are not critical and more water may be used than is contained in commercial alcohol when found to be efficacious, particularly when saturated hydrocarbons of lower boiling points than gasoline are used. The amount of butanol introduced need be suflicient only to produce complete miscibility of the alcohol and water with the hydrocarbon employed as a. fuel.
What I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:
1. A fuel comprising a light saturated liquid hydrocarbon fuel, commercial alcohol containing from to per cent of Water, butanol to cause miscibility thereof with said hydrocarbon, and a small quantity of glycerine.
2. A fuel comprising a light saturated liquid hydrocarbon fuel having added thereto from 1% to 10% of a mixture of commercial alcohol about 70 parts, butanol about parts, and glycerine about 5 parts.
3. A fuel comprising a light saturated A liquid hydrocarbon fuel having added thereto from 1% to 10% of a mixture of commercial ethyl alcohol about 70 parts, butanol about 20 parts and glycerine about 5 parts.
4. A fuel comprising gasoline having added thereto a mixture of alcoholto parts, water 3 to 10 parts, butanol about 20 parts and glycer'ine about 5 parts.
5. A fuel comprising gasoline having added thereto from 1% to 10% of a mixture of commercial alcohol of from 180 to 190 proof about parts, and butanol about 20 parts.
(3. A fuel comprising gasoline having added thereto from 1 to 10% of a mixture of commercial alcohol of from to proof about 70 parts. butanol about 20 parts and glycerine about 5 parts.
7 A fuel comprising gasoline having added thereto from 1% to 10% of a mixture of commercial ethyl alcohol about 70 parts, butanol about 20 parts, and glycerine about 5 parts.
GRANT HAMMOND.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US94965A US1713530A (en) | 1926-03-15 | 1926-03-15 | Fuel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US94965A US1713530A (en) | 1926-03-15 | 1926-03-15 | Fuel |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1713530A true US1713530A (en) | 1929-05-21 |
Family
ID=22248214
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US94965A Expired - Lifetime US1713530A (en) | 1926-03-15 | 1926-03-15 | Fuel |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US1713530A (en) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2671104A (en) * | 1950-03-22 | 1954-03-02 | Texas Co | Process for producing motor fuel from synthesis product |
EP0146907A2 (en) * | 1983-12-16 | 1985-07-03 | Uni-Commerz Handelsgesellschaft mbH | Solvent for carburetter fuel |
US4527995A (en) * | 1984-05-14 | 1985-07-09 | Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho | Fuel blended with alcohol for diesel engine |
EP0162122A1 (en) * | 1982-12-09 | 1985-11-27 | Union Carbide Corporation | Fuel compositions |
US20060162243A1 (en) * | 2005-01-25 | 2006-07-27 | Wolf Leslie R | Reduced RVP oxygenated gasoline composition and method |
US20090107031A1 (en) * | 2007-10-31 | 2009-04-30 | Daniel Stedman Connor | Fuel System for Improved Fuel Efficiency Utilizing Glycols in a Spark Ignition Engine |
US20090199464A1 (en) * | 2008-02-12 | 2009-08-13 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Reduced RVP Oxygenated Gasoline Composition And Method |
AU2011226816B2 (en) * | 2005-01-25 | 2012-08-30 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Reduced RVP oxygenated gasoline composition and method |
US9873845B2 (en) | 2010-06-16 | 2018-01-23 | Butamax Advanced Biofuels Llc | Oxygenated butanol gasoline composition having good driveability performance |
US10301563B2 (en) | 2010-06-16 | 2019-05-28 | Butamax Advanced Biofuels Llc | Oxygenated butanol gasoline composition having good driveability performance |
-
1926
- 1926-03-15 US US94965A patent/US1713530A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2671104A (en) * | 1950-03-22 | 1954-03-02 | Texas Co | Process for producing motor fuel from synthesis product |
EP0162122A1 (en) * | 1982-12-09 | 1985-11-27 | Union Carbide Corporation | Fuel compositions |
EP0146907A2 (en) * | 1983-12-16 | 1985-07-03 | Uni-Commerz Handelsgesellschaft mbH | Solvent for carburetter fuel |
EP0146907A3 (en) * | 1983-12-16 | 1987-04-29 | Uni-Commerz Handelsgesellschaft mbH | Solvent for carburetter fuel |
US4527995A (en) * | 1984-05-14 | 1985-07-09 | Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho | Fuel blended with alcohol for diesel engine |
WO2006081089A1 (en) * | 2005-01-25 | 2006-08-03 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Reduced rvp oxygenated gasoline composition and method |
US20060162243A1 (en) * | 2005-01-25 | 2006-07-27 | Wolf Leslie R | Reduced RVP oxygenated gasoline composition and method |
JP2008528758A (en) * | 2005-01-25 | 2008-07-31 | ビーピー・コーポレーション・ノース・アメリカ・インコーポレーテッド | Reduced RVP oxygenated gasoline composition and method |
AU2011226816B2 (en) * | 2005-01-25 | 2012-08-30 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Reduced RVP oxygenated gasoline composition and method |
US20090107031A1 (en) * | 2007-10-31 | 2009-04-30 | Daniel Stedman Connor | Fuel System for Improved Fuel Efficiency Utilizing Glycols in a Spark Ignition Engine |
US20090199464A1 (en) * | 2008-02-12 | 2009-08-13 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Reduced RVP Oxygenated Gasoline Composition And Method |
US9873845B2 (en) | 2010-06-16 | 2018-01-23 | Butamax Advanced Biofuels Llc | Oxygenated butanol gasoline composition having good driveability performance |
US10301563B2 (en) | 2010-06-16 | 2019-05-28 | Butamax Advanced Biofuels Llc | Oxygenated butanol gasoline composition having good driveability performance |
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