US1575440A - Method and means for using low-compression fuels - Google Patents

Method and means for using low-compression fuels Download PDF

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Publication number
US1575440A
US1575440A US663498A US66349823A US1575440A US 1575440 A US1575440 A US 1575440A US 663498 A US663498 A US 663498A US 66349823 A US66349823 A US 66349823A US 1575440 A US1575440 A US 1575440A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fuel
low
compression
compression pressure
phosphorus
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US663498A
Inventor
Jr Thomas Midgley
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Motors Liquidation Co
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Motors Liquidation Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Motors Liquidation Co filed Critical Motors Liquidation Co
Priority to US663498A priority Critical patent/US1575440A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1575440A publication Critical patent/US1575440A/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/26—Organic compounds containing phosphorus
    • C10L1/2608—Organic compounds containing phosphorus containing a phosphorus-carbon bond

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the art of suppressing a fuel knock when a combustible gaseous mixture containing a low compression fuel such, for example, as kerosene and gasoline is burned under a relatively high 1 pressure.
  • the princi a1 objects of this invention are to empiby phosphorus compounds to suppress the fuel knock.
  • Kerosene has a critical compression pressure of about 55 pounds.
  • the critical compression pressure of gasoline varies from about 75 pounds for the commoner forms now marketed to about 125 pounds for avi ation gasoline employed in airplane engines. These fuels are termed low compression fuels. ⁇ Vhen the vapors of any of them is mixed with air, compressed to a compression pressure in excess of the normal critical compression pressure of the fuel, and burned, as in an internal-combus- 80 tion engine, a fuel knock is produced.
  • This solution or high comm'cssiou fuel is fed through a carburetor into the cylinder of an intcruel-combustion engine having a compression pressure of about 100 pounds,
  • This process may be varied b changing the proportions according to t e increase in critical compression pressure desired and by using other phosphorus com ounds in place of the triethyl phosphine.
  • the compounds which may be employed are other alkyl compounds including trimethyl phosphine, and triphenyl phosphine.
  • Blen ing agents may be emplo ed if the phosphorus compound does not dissolve readily in the fuel.
  • the compound may be added to the fuel-air mixture just before the latter is burned.
  • a composition of matter comprising a low compression fuel; and a volatile phosphorus compound incorporated therein and adapted to increase the critical compression pressure of the fuel.
  • a composition of matter comprising a low compression fuel, such as kerosene 01' gasoline; and a volatile alkyl compound of phosphorus incorporated homogeneously therem and adapted to increase the critical compression pressure of the fuel.
  • a low compression fuel such as kerosene 01' gasoline
  • a volatile alkyl compound of phosphorus incorporated homogeneously therem and adapted to increase the critical compression pressure of the fuel.
  • a composition of matter comprising gasoline; and triethyl phosphine.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Description

Patented Mar. 2, 1926.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
THOMAS MIDGLEY, JR., OF DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS. TO
GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION, OF
DELAWARE.
DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF R Drawing.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, THOMAS MmoLEY, Jr.,
a citizen of the United States of America,
residing at Dayton, county of Montgomery, and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods and Means for Using Low-Compression Fuels, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.
This invention relates to the art of suppressing a fuel knock when a combustible gaseous mixture containing a low compression fuel such, for example, as kerosene and gasoline is burned under a relatively high 1 pressure. The princi a1 objects of this invention are to empiby phosphorus compounds to suppress the fuel knock.
Kerosene has a critical compression pressure of about 55 pounds. The critical compression pressure of gasoline varies from about 75 pounds for the commoner forms now marketed to about 125 pounds for avi ation gasoline employed in airplane engines. These fuels are termed low compression fuels. \Vhen the vapors of any of them is mixed with air, compressed to a compression pressure in excess of the normal critical compression pressure of the fuel, and burned, as in an internal-combus- 80 tion engine, a fuel knock is produced.
I have found that vapors of phosphorus 'compounds added to the fuel-air mixture suppress this fuel knock and permit an increase in the engine compression pressure 85 with a normal burning characteristic of the fuel.
By way of an example of one method of carrying out my invention. I dissolve (350 c. c. of trieth 'l phosphine P(C,H in 1 gal- 40 Inn of gasoine having a normal critical compression pressure of about 75 pounds.
This solution or high comm'cssiou fuel is fed through a carburetor into the cylinder of an intcruel-combustion engine having a compression pressure of about 100 pounds,
Application filed September 18, 1923. Serial No. 663,498.
the solution being vaporized and mixed with air as is common practice in engine operation. The gaseous high compression fuel is ignited and the engine operated without a fuel knock. 'The gasoline forms the fuel base and the phosphorus compound increases the critical compression pressure of this base. a
This process may be varied b changing the proportions according to t e increase in critical compression pressure desired and by using other phosphorus com ounds in place of the triethyl phosphine. mong the compounds which may be employed are other alkyl compounds including trimethyl phosphine, and triphenyl phosphine.
I prefer to emplo the phosphorus compounds which are so uble in the fuel to romote the mixing of the two. Blen ing agents may be emplo ed if the phosphorus compound does not dissolve readily in the fuel. The compound may be added to the fuel-air mixture just before the latter is burned.
I claim:
1. A composition of matter comprising a low compression fuel; and a volatile phosphorus compound incorporated therein and adapted to increase the critical compression pressure of the fuel.
2. A composition of matter comprising a low compression fuel, such as kerosene 01' gasoline; and a volatile alkyl compound of phosphorus incorporated homogeneously therem and adapted to increase the critical compression pressure of the fuel.
3. A composition of mattcrcomprising a low compression fuel; and a volatile ethyl compound of phosphorus incorporated there- 1n.
4. A composition of matter comprising gasoline; and triethyl phosphine.
In testimony whereof I hereto affix my si gnaturc.
THOMAS MIDGLEY, J 1h
US663498A 1923-09-18 1923-09-18 Method and means for using low-compression fuels Expired - Lifetime US1575440A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US663498A US1575440A (en) 1923-09-18 1923-09-18 Method and means for using low-compression fuels

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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US663498A US1575440A (en) 1923-09-18 1923-09-18 Method and means for using low-compression fuels

Publications (1)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2797153A (en) * 1955-05-31 1957-06-25 Sinclair Refining Co Fuel for spark ignition internal combustion engines
US3074230A (en) * 1958-05-15 1963-01-22 Phillips Petroleum Co Liquid hydrocarbon jet fuels containing hydrocarbon phosphines
US6475252B1 (en) * 1998-09-17 2002-11-05 University Of Dayton Stabilizing additive for the prevention of oxidation and peroxide formation

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2797153A (en) * 1955-05-31 1957-06-25 Sinclair Refining Co Fuel for spark ignition internal combustion engines
US3074230A (en) * 1958-05-15 1963-01-22 Phillips Petroleum Co Liquid hydrocarbon jet fuels containing hydrocarbon phosphines
US6475252B1 (en) * 1998-09-17 2002-11-05 University Of Dayton Stabilizing additive for the prevention of oxidation and peroxide formation

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