JP5065869B2 - Crawler type traveling device and construction machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a crawler type traveling apparatus and a construction machine, and more particularly to a crawler type traveling apparatus used for a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator or a bulldozer.

  Construction machines such as hydraulic excavators and bulldozers generally use a crawler type traveling device (crawler tractor) as a suspension device. The crawler type traveling device allows the construction machine to travel on rough terrain (for example, soft ground or sloping ground). The crawler belt type traveling device includes a power transmission source, a track frame, a drive sprocket (starting wheel), an idler sprocket (guide wheel), and a crawler belt (crawler belt). A pair of crawler type traveling devices are arranged on the left and right sides of the construction machine.

  The power transmission source is, for example, a traveling speed reducer (final drive) corresponding to the final part of the power train. The track frame is provided in the lower part of the main body of the construction machine so as to extend in the front-rear direction, and has a downwardly substantially U-shaped housing structure. The drive sprocket is a member that is disposed on one of the front and rear sides of the track frame and is driven by a travel speed reducer. The idler sprocket is rotatably mounted on the other side of the track frame and is driven by a track. The crawler belt is composed of a plurality of links connected endlessly by pins and bushes and a plurality of shoe plates attached to the links. The crawler belt is wound around the drive sprocket and the idler sprocket and arranged around the track frame. The crawler belt type traveling device further includes a plurality of track rollers (downwheels) rotatably provided at the lower portion of the track frame. The track roller distributes the weight of the construction machine and transmits it to the crawler belt, and prevents the crawler belt from meandering.

In the crawler belt type traveling device, when soil is caught between the rear part of the track frame and the drive sprocket, the rotation of the drive sprocket is hindered. In order to solve such a problem, for example, a structure in which a shielding member that closes a gap between the drive sprocket and the rear portion of the track frame is attached to the track frame is known (see Patent Document 1).
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 60-127291

  Up to here, the case where the crawler belt of the crawler type traveling apparatus entails soil has been described, but from here on, the problem when the crawler belt entrains objects other than soil will be described. For example, when a construction machine performs work at a quarrying / demolition site or forestry site, stones, demolition rubble, tree branches, etc. are rolled up by a crawler track and clogged in the gap between the traveling speed reducer and the rear wall of the truck frame There is. Unlike soil, stones and demolition rubble are not removed when they are pinched at one end, resulting in a decrease in traveling efficiency over a long period of time. Also, if stones or demolition rubble get caught in the gap, it will be necessary to remove it.

Further, although it is conceivable to provide a shielding member as in Patent Document 1, firstly, the cost becomes high, and secondly, there is a possibility of a defect such as deformation or wear of the shielding member.
An object of the present invention is to provide a crawler-type traveling device in which traveling efficiency is unlikely to decrease even when the crawler belt includes stones or demolition rubble.

The crawler belt type traveling apparatus according to the first invention includes a traveling drive mechanism, a crawler belt, and a crushing mechanism. The travel drive mechanism includes a travel speed reducer and a drive sprocket provided in the travel speed reducer. The crawler belt is driven by a drive sprocket. The crushing mechanism uses the crawler belt drive to crush the object in which the crawler belt is involved. The crushing mechanism has a cutter fixed to the rotating part of the traveling speed reducer and a second cutter fixed to face the cutter while the cutter is rotating .

  In this apparatus, an object caught by a crawler belt is crushed by a crushing mechanism. Therefore, in the crawler belt type traveling device, even if the crawler belt includes stones or demolition rubble, the traveling efficiency is unlikely to decrease. Since the crushing mechanism uses the crawler belt drive, no special drive source is required. Specifically, the cutter rotates together with the rotating unit to crush the object caught in the crawler belt.

  In the crawler belt type traveling apparatus according to the second invention, in the first invention, the travel speed reducer has a speed reducer main body and a rotation side housing as a rotating portion that covers the speed reducer main body. The cutter is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotation side housing.

  In this apparatus, the cutter rotates together with the rotation-side housing, and crushes the object caught in the crawler belt.

In the crawler belt type traveling apparatus according to the third invention, in the first or second invention, a plurality of cutters are provided.
In this apparatus, a plurality of cutters pulverize an object caught in a crawler belt.

In the crawler belt type traveling apparatus according to the fourth invention, in the first invention, the second cutter is disposed so as to partially overlap during the rotation of the cutter.
In this apparatus, the object caught in the crawler belt is efficiently pulverized by the simultaneous action of the cutter and the second cutter.

In the crawler belt type traveling apparatus according to the fifth invention , in any one of the first to fourth inventions, the traveling drive mechanism further includes a frame adjacent to the traveling speed reducer. The second cutter is fixed to the frame.

  In this apparatus, since the second cutter is fixed to the frame, the object caught in the crawler belt is crushed by the cutter and the second cutter between the rotary housing and the frame.

In the crawler belt type traveling apparatus according to the sixth invention, in any one of the first to fifth inventions, the crushing mechanism further includes a guide member for guiding the object caught in the crawler belt to the crushing position.
In this apparatus, the object caught in the crawler belt is guided to the crushing position by the guide member. Therefore, the object caught in the crawler belt is efficiently crushed.

A construction machine according to a seventh aspect includes a construction machine main body and the crawler belt type traveling apparatus according to any one of the first to sixth aspects.
In this construction machine, since the object caught in the crawler track is crushed by the crushing mechanism, the traveling efficiency is hardly lowered even if the crawler belt encloses stones or demolition rubble.

  In the crawler type traveling apparatus and the construction machine according to the present invention, even if the crawler belt encloses stones or demolition rubble, the crushing mechanism crushes them, so that traveling efficiency is unlikely to decrease.

A hydraulic excavator (construction machine) 1 that employs a crawler type traveling apparatus as one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
1. Overall Configuration of Excavator 1 As shown in FIG. 1, the excavator 1 according to the present embodiment includes a crawler type traveling device 30, a swivel base 3, a work implement 4, a counterweight 5, an engine room 6, An equipment room 9 and a cab 10 are provided.

The crawler belt type traveling device 30 has the crawler belt 35 wound around the left and right end portions in the traveling direction to rotate the hydraulic excavator 1 forward and backward, and the swivel base 3 is mounted on the upper surface side in a state in which the swivel base 3 can pivot. Yes. The crawler belt type traveling device 30 has a traveling speed reducer 39 as a power transmission source. A pair of crawler type traveling devices 30 are arranged on the left and right sides of the excavator 1. Details of the travel speed reducer 39 will be described later.

  The swivel base 3 can be swung in any direction on the crawler type traveling device 30, and has a work machine 4, a counterweight 5, an engine room 6, and a cab 10 mounted on the upper surface.

  The work machine 4 is configured to include a boom 11, an arm 12 attached to the tip of the boom 11, and a bucket 13 attached to the tip of the arm 12. The work machine 4 is a civil engine that excavates earth and sand and gravel while moving the boom 11, the arm 12, the bucket 13 and the like up and down by the hydraulic cylinders 11a, 12a and 13a included in a hydraulic circuit (not shown). Work at the construction site.

  The counterweight 5 is made of, for example, scrap iron or concrete in a box formed by assembling steel plates and is hardened. The counterweight 5 is an engine room 6 on the swivel 3 for balancing the vehicle body during mining. It is provided behind.

The engine room 6 is disposed at the rear end of the swivel base 3 on the main frame so as to be adjacent to the counterweight 5. The engine room 6 has an outer portion formed by an exterior frame, and forms a storage space for the engine and the like inside. The engine room 6 stores an engine or the like as a power source for driving the crawler type traveling device 30 and the work machine 4 in an internal storage space. Furthermore, the engine room 6 has an opening for maintenance on the upper surface, and this opening is covered with an engine hood 21 that can be opened and closed via a hinge except during maintenance.

The equipment room 9 is disposed behind the work machine 4 and houses a fuel tank, a hydraulic oil tank, an operation valve, and the like (not shown).
The cab 10 is a driver's cab in which an operator of the excavator 1 gets on and off, and is disposed on the left front side on the swivel 3 so that the tip of the work machine 4 can be seen. .

2. Configuration of crawler type traveling apparatus A crawler type traveling apparatus as an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
The crawler belt type traveling device 30 includes a traveling speed reducer 39, a track frame 31, a drive sprocket 33, an idler sprocket 34, and a crawler belt 35.
The travel speed reducer 39 is a final part of the power train and is a device for decelerating the rotation. The travel speed reducer 39 includes, for example, a fixed housing (not shown), a rotating housing 39a, and a planetary gear speed reducing mechanism (not shown) housed in the rotating housing 39a. Yes. As shown in FIG. 4, the travel speed reducer 39 is fixed to the rear part of the track frame 31 by a member 32.

  The track frame 31 is provided at the lower part of the main body of the excavator 1. The track frame 31 extends in the front-rear direction of the excavator 1 and has a downwardly substantially U-shaped housing structure.

  The drive sprocket 33 is a member that is disposed behind the track frame 31 and is driven by the travel speed reducer 39. Specifically, the drive sprocket 33 is fixed to the flange portion of the rotation side housing 39a by bolts or welding.

  The idler sprocket 34 is rotatably mounted in front of the track frame 31, is driven by the crawler belt 35, and guides the crawler belt 35. The outer shape of the idler sprocket 34 is the same as that of the drive sprocket 33.

  The crawler belt 35 includes a plurality of links 45 connected endlessly by pins and bushes, and a plurality of shoe plates 46 attached to the links 45. The crawler belt 35 is wound around the drive sprocket 33 and the idler sprocket 34 and arranged around the track frame 31.

The crawler belt type traveling device 30 further includes a plurality of track rollers 38 that are rotatably provided below the track frame 31. The track roller 38 distributes the weight of the excavator 1 and transmits it to the crawler belt 35, and prevents the crawler belt 35 from meandering. Furthermore, the crawler belt type traveling device 30 has a plurality of carrier rollers 37 rotatably provided on the upper part of the track frame 31. The carrier roller 37 supports the crawler belt 35 to prevent the crawler belt 35 from sagging and meandering.
As is clear from FIGS. 2 and 4, the drive sprocket 33 and the travel speed reducer 39 are disposed behind the track frame 31 and are disposed close to the rear wall 31 a of the track frame 31. The drive sprocket 33 is close to the rear wall 31a of the track frame 31, but the traveling speed reducer 39 secures a space A between the drive sprocket 33 and the rear wall 31a.

3. Configuration of Crushing Mechanism The crawler type traveling device 30 further includes a crushing mechanism 40 for crushing stones and demolition debris caught in the crawler belt 35 by using the driving of the crawler belt 35. FIG. 3 is a side view of the traveling speed reducer 39, the drive sprocket 33, and the crushing mechanism 40 with the crawler belt 35 removed. FIG. 4 is a top view of the traveling speed reducer 39, the drive sprocket 33, and the crushing mechanism 40 with the crawler belt 35 removed. 5 is a rear view of the traveling speed reducer 39, the drive sprocket 33, and the crushing mechanism 40, as viewed from the direction of the arrow V in FIG.

  The crushing mechanism 40 has a plurality of (12) cutters 41 (41a to 41l) fixed to the rotation side housing 39a of the traveling speed reducer 39. The cutters 41a to 41l are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotation side housing 39a. As is apparent from FIGS. 2 to 5, the cutters 41 a to 41 l are triangular blades that extend in the rotation direction and project outward in the radial direction of the rotation-side housing 39 a. The cutters 41a to 41l are formed of, for example, the same material as that of the rotation side housing 39a, and are integrally formed by welding, or are detachably fixed by bolts. The material of the cutter 41a is, for example, a carbon steel quenching material (S45C). When the cutters 41a to 41l are welded, the mounting strength is improved. When the cutters 41a to 41l are fixed with bolts, they can be easily replaced when worn or damaged. As is apparent from FIGS. 2 to 5, the cutters 41 a to 41 l form a set of three in the axial direction of the drum, and each set is arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotation-side housing 39 a. In each group, the three cutters are arranged slightly shifted in the rotation direction. In this embodiment, in each group, the three cutters are displaced in the rotational direction front side in order from the drive sprocket 33 side. The cutters 41a to 41l may have the same shape as each other or a combination of different shapes.

  The object K caught in the crawler belt 35 moves upward in the space A and falls downward therefrom. Then, the object K is sandwiched between the cutters 41a to 41l and the rear wall 31a of the track frame 31 in the space A, and is crushed by the cutters 41a to 41l. The crushed piece of the object K falls on the crawler belt 35 and further spills on the ground. As described above, even if the object K is sandwiched between the rear wall 31a of the track frame 31 and the traveling speed reducer 39, the object K is crushed and quickly removed.

  The crushing mechanism 40 further includes a plurality of (two) second cutters 42 (42a to 42b) fixed to the rear wall 31a of the track frame 31. As is apparent from FIG. 2, the second cutters 42 a to 42 b are blades that extend in the vertical direction and protrude rearward in the vehicle traveling direction. The second cutters 42a to 42b protrude toward the traveling speed reducer 39, and are disposed in the space A so as to face each other while the cutters 41a to 41l are rotating. Specifically, the second cutters 42a to 42b are arranged side by side in a direction perpendicular to the vehicle traveling direction. The second cutters 42a to 42b are disposed so as to partially overlap during the rotation of the cutters 41a to 41l. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, when the cutters 41 a to 41 l are closest to the second cutters 42 a to 42 b, the tips of the cutters 41 a to 41 l are in the second cutter alignment direction. It is located outside 42a, inside the second cutters 42a and 42b, or outside the second cutter 42b. Thereby, the object K (for example, stone, wood, demolition debris) is efficiently crushed by the cutters 41a to 41l and the second cutters 42a to 42b acting simultaneously. The second cutters 42a and 42b are made of the same material as the cutters 41a to 41l. The second cutters 42a and 42b are preferably detachably fixed to the track frame 31 with bolts.

  In this apparatus, the object K caught by the crawler belt 35 is crushed by the crushing mechanism 40. Therefore, in the crawler belt type traveling device 30, even if the crawler belt 35 entrains the object K, the traveling efficiency is unlikely to decrease. The crushing mechanism 40 uses the driving of the crawler belt 35, that is, does not require a special driving source.

  The crushing mechanism 40 may include a guide roller 43 that is fixed to the rear wall 31a of the track frame 31 and that guides the object K caught in the crawler belt 35 toward the second cutters 42a to 42b. As shown in FIG. 2, the guide roller 43 is rotatably provided on the rear wall 31 a of the track frame 31. For this reason, the object K caught in the crawler belt 35 is guided to the lower crushing position by the guide roller 43. Therefore, the object K caught in the crawler belt 35 is crushed efficiently. Note that the guide roller may be employed in a structure without the second cutter.

3. Other Embodiments The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
The crushing mechanism may be constituted only by a cutter fixed to the rotation side housing of the traveling speed reducer. That is, the effect as a crushing mechanism can be obtained without using the second cutter.
The shape, size, material and arrangement of the cutter are not limited to the above embodiment.

When there is the second cutter, the shape, size, material, and arrangement are not limited to the above embodiment.
Presence / absence of the guide roller and the shape, size, material and arrangement of the guide roller are not limited to those in the above embodiment. The object K may be guided to the cutter side by a mechanism other than the rotating body.

  The crawler type traveling apparatus according to the present invention is applicable to various construction machines because the traveling efficiency is hardly lowered even if the crawler belt encloses stones or demolition rubble.

1 is a schematic perspective view of a hydraulic excavator in which an embodiment of the present invention is employed. The side view of the crushing mechanism of a crawler belt type traveling device. The side view of a traveling speed reducer, a drive sprocket, and a crushing mechanism in a state where a crawler belt is removed. The top view of a traveling speed reducer, a drive sprocket, and a crushing mechanism, with the crawler belt removed. FIG. 5 is a rear view of the traveling speed reducer, the drive sprocket, and the crushing mechanism, as viewed from the direction of arrow V in FIG. 4.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hydraulic excavator 3 Turntable 4 Working machine 5 Counterweight 6 Engine room 10 Cab 30 Crawler type traveling device 31 Track frame 33 Drive sprocket 34 Idler sprocket 35 Crawler belt 37 Carrier roller 38 Track roller 39 Traveling speed reducer 39a Rotation side housing 40 Crushing mechanism 41a to 41l Cutter 42a to 42b Second cutter 43 Guide roller

Claims (7)

A travel drive mechanism having a travel speed reducer and a drive sprocket provided in the travel speed reducer;
A crawler belt driven by the drive sprocket;
A crushing mechanism for crushing an object entrained by the crawler belt using the crawler belt drive,
The crushing mechanism includes a crawler type traveling device having a cutter fixed to a rotating portion of the traveling speed reducer and a second cutter fixed to face the cutter while the cutter is rotating . The travel speed reducer has a speed reducer main body and a rotation side housing as the rotating portion that covers the speed reducer main body,
The cutter is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotation side housing,
The crawler type traveling apparatus according to claim 1. A plurality of the cutters are provided,
The crawler type traveling apparatus according to claim 1 or 2. The second cutter is disposed so as to partially overlap during the rotation of the cutter.
The crawler type traveling apparatus according to claim 1 . The travel drive mechanism further includes a frame adjacent to the travel speed reducer,
The second cutter is fixed to the frame;
The crawler belt type traveling device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 . The crushing mechanism further includes a guide member for guiding an object caught in the crawler belt to a crushing position.
The crawler belt type traveling device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 . The construction machine body,
A crawler type traveling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6 ,
Construction machinery with.

Images