JP5065759B2 - Attic ventilation structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an attic ventilation structure.

  In a building such as a house, if there is a temperature difference between the outside air temperature and the attic temperature, condensation may occur in the attic. For this reason, conventionally, ventilation is performed in the attic in order to suppress the occurrence of condensation.

  Specifically, for example, in a building having an outer wall having a parapet portion at the upper end, a headboard is attached to the upper end portion of the outer wall, and the outside and the inside of the outer wall are communicated between the upper end portion of the outer wall and the headboard so that outside air is ventilated. A ventilation structure that ventilates an attic by providing a possible ventilation path and providing a vent hole between the outer wall and the attic is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).

According to this, the outside air can flow into the space in the outer wall from the ventilation path between the headboard and the outer wall, and can reach the attic through the ventilation hole. Moreover, it becomes possible to discharge the hot air and moisture staying in the attic through the ventilation path to the outside of the building. As a result, the attic can be suitably ventilated.
JP-A-2005-194816

  However, in the above conventional technology, the attic is not sufficiently ventilated or excessively ventilated depending on the outdoor weather conditions. For this reason, there is a possibility that condensation may occur in the attic due to unstable ventilation or the cooling and heating efficiency may be lowered, and there is room for improvement.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said situation, and makes it the main objective to provide the ventilation structure of the attic which can adjust a ventilation amount.

  The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems.

Means 1. An attic ventilation structure for ventilating the attic by communicating the outdoor space and the attic through a wall whose front and back faces the outdoor space,
An air passage that connects the outdoor space and the attic is formed in the wall, and an adjustment means that adjusts the size of the flow passage area of the air passage is provided. Ventilation structure.

  According to the means 1, the size of the flow passage area of the air passage formed in the wall body is adjusted by the adjusting means. For this reason, the amount of air flowing into the attic and the amount of discharge of air staying in the attic can be adjusted. That is, the ventilation amount of the attic can be adjusted.

  As a result, if the flow passage area is enlarged to secure the ventilation amount necessary for ventilation of the attic, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of condensation in the attic. Further, when the outdoor humidity is extremely high, it is possible to suppress the infiltration of moisture into the attic if the flow passage area is reduced to reduce the ventilation amount. Thereby, generation | occurrence | production of the dew condensation of an attic can be suppressed.

  In addition, when the attic is cooled by excessive ventilation in the winter, indoor heating becomes inefficient and wastes heating energy. In such a case, it is possible to eliminate such inconvenience by reducing the channel area. As a result, it is possible to ensure indoor comfort while suppressing the occurrence of condensation in the attic.

Mean 2. A cap member is provided at the upper end of the wall,
2. The attic ventilation structure according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting means is provided in a portion of the wall body that is covered with the cap member.

  According to the means 2, since the adjusting means is provided in a portion of the wall body that is covered with the headboard member, it is possible to suppress, for example, rainwater, dust or the like from adhering to the adjusting means. As a result, it is possible to extend the life of the adjusting means.

Means 3. The adjusting means includes an opening / closing body,
The attic ventilation structure according to means 1 or 2, wherein a size of the flow path area is adjusted in accordance with an opening degree adjustment of the opening and closing body.

  According to the means 3, the size of the flow path area is adjusted in accordance with the opening / closing adjustment of the opening / closing body. For this reason, the magnitude | size of a flow-path area can be adjusted with a comparatively simple structure, without requiring a complicated adjustment means.

Means 4. The opening / closing body includes a shape memory alloy,
The attic ventilation structure according to claim 3, wherein an opening degree of the opening / closing body is adjusted depending on whether or not a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature is applied to the shape memory alloy.

  According to the means 4, the opening degree of the opening / closing body is adjusted depending on whether or not a predetermined temperature or higher is applied to the shape memory alloy constituting the opening / closing body. For this reason, the opening degree of an opening-closing body can be adjusted with temperature conditions. Therefore, for example, when it is desired to discharge the hot air staying in the attic in the summer, if the flow passage area is expanded when a temperature higher than a predetermined temperature is applied to the opening and closing body, it can be easily realized. It becomes possible.

Means 5. The adjusting means includes
An environmental sensor for detecting environmental information;
A control device for controlling the opening / closing body for adjusting the size of the flow path area based on the environmental information;
An attic ventilation structure according to any one of the means 1 to 3, wherein the attic ventilation structure is provided.

  According to the means 5, the adjustment means is provided with an environmental sensor and a control device. The control device controls the opening and closing body based on the environmental information detected by the environmental sensor, and the size of the flow path area is reduced. Adjusted. As a result, various effects such as highly managing the ventilation level of the attic and suppressing condensation occurring in the attic can be expected.

Means 6. The environmental sensor includes a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the attic,
6. The attic ventilation structure according to claim 5, wherein the control device controls the opening and closing body so that the flow path area is enlarged when a temperature of the attic above a predetermined level is detected.

  According to the means 6, when the temperature sensor detects an attic temperature exceeding a predetermined level, the control device controls the opening / closing body so that the flow path area is enlarged. Thereby, for example, when hot air stays in the attic, it becomes possible to positively discharge the hot air to the outdoors.

Mean 7 The environmental sensor includes a humidity sensor that detects humidity of the attic,
The attic ventilation structure according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the control device controls the opening / closing body so that the flow path area is enlarged when the humidity of the attic above a predetermined level is detected.

  According to the means 7, when the attic humidity exceeding a predetermined level is detected by the humidity sensor, the opening / closing body is controlled by the control device so that the flow path area is enlarged. Thereby, for example, when moisture stays in the attic, it becomes possible to positively discharge the moisture to the outdoors.

Means 8. The environmental sensor includes a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the attic and a humidity sensor that detects the humidity of the attic.
The control device controls the opening / closing body so that the flow passage area is expanded when the temperature of the attic above a predetermined level is detected or when the humidity of the attic above a predetermined level is detected, and the control device is less than the predetermined The attic ventilation structure according to claim 5, wherein when the temperature of the attic is detected and humidity of the attic less than a predetermined level is detected, the opening / closing body is controlled so that the flow path area is reduced. .

  According to the means 8, when the temperature sensor detects an attic temperature above a predetermined level or when the humidity sensor detects an attic humidity above a predetermined level, the opening / closing body is opened so that the flow passage area is expanded by the control device. When the attic temperature below the predetermined level is detected and the attic humidity below the predetermined level is detected, the opening / closing body is controlled so that the flow path area is reduced. For this reason, for example, not only can hot air staying in the attic in the summer be positively discharged, but also moisture staying in the attic in the winter can be positively discharged throughout the year. It becomes possible to ventilate suitably.

  Hereinafter, the present embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an attic ventilation structure in the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an outer wall panel group having an attic ventilation structure. The present embodiment is applied to a flat roof building having an outer wall panel having a parapet portion at the upper end. The building is constructed by, for example, a steel frame construction method.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the building 11 includes a building body 20 formed by assembling a lightweight steel frame, and an outer wall panel 30 attached to the outer peripheral surface so as to protrude upward from the upper end of the building body 20. . A projecting portion of the outer wall panel 30 upward is a parapet portion 37.

  The building body 20 is provided with a plurality of columns 21 extending in the vertical direction at a predetermined interval, and a plurality of beams 22 extending in the horizontal direction are connected to the columns 21 by bolts 42 so as to be bridged over the upper ends thereof. It is built by that.

  An ALC 23 is provided at the upper end of the beam 22. An attic 25 is formed between the ALC 23 and a ceiling 24 provided below the ALC 23 so as to be spaced apart.

  In order to enhance the heat insulating performance of the building 11, a heat insulating material 26A made of polystyrene home is provided on the upper surface of the ALC 23. Further, on the top surface of the ceiling 24, a heat insulating material 26B made of glass wool and having a thickness of 150 mm is provided. Further, a heat insulating material 26 </ b> C having a thickness of 55 mm made of isocyanurate foam is provided on the back surface of the outer wall panel 30 at a position below the beam 22.

  A waterproof sheet 27 is provided on the upper surface of the heat insulating material 26 </ b> A to prevent rainwater from entering the building body 20 from the flat roof 28. In FIG. 1, the waterproof sheet 27 is shown thicker than the actual thickness for convenience of illustration.

  On the other hand, the outer wall panel 30 includes an outer wall plate 31 and a support frame 32 that is attached to the back surface (indoor side) and supports the outer wall plate 31. As shown in FIG. 2, the support frame 32 includes a pair of studs 33 that extend in the vertical direction at both ends in the width direction of the outer wall plate 31, an upper frame runner 34 that extends horizontally connecting the upper ends of both studs 33, and both studs. And a lower frame runner (not shown) that extends horizontally by connecting the lower ends of 33. The pair of studs 33, the upper frame runner 34, and the lower frame runner are all made of channel steel. The upper frame runner 34 has a web 34a that extends substantially horizontally, and an outdoor flange 34b and an indoor flange 34c that extend downward from both side ends thereof. Similarly, the other pair of studs 33 and the lower frame runner are also composed of a web and a flange. The pair of studs 33 are attached to the outer wall plate 31 so that the openings face each other. Similarly, the upper frame runner 34 and the lower frame runner are attached to the outer wall plate 31 so that the openings face each other.

  A waterproof base 29 serving as a base of the waterproof sheet 27 is attached to the pair of studs 33 so as to be bridged at a position spaced below the indoor flange 34c.

  The waterproof base 29 has a water return portion 29a extending substantially horizontally from the upper end to the indoor side. The water return portion 29a is located above the lower end position of an indoor side extension plate portion 40c of the cap 40 described later, and is covered with the cap 40. As a result, rainwater entering from the headboard ventilation passage 45 between the indoor side extension plate portion 40c and the parapet portion 37 hits the water return portion 29a, and the penetration of the headboard ventilation passage 45 in the depth direction is suppressed. It has come to be.

  Further, the distal end portion of the waterproof sheet 27 extends to the lower surface of the water return portion 29 a of the waterproof base 29 via a corner portion formed at the boundary between the parapet portion 37 and the flat roof 28. Thereby, infiltration of rainwater is suppressed at the back surface of the outer wall panel 30 (parapet portion 37) and the joint between the outer wall panel 30 and the flat roof 28.

  Between the adjacent outer wall panels 30, a joint piece 50 is attached from the back so as to straddle the adjacent waterproof base 29 so that the waterproof sheet 27 attached to the waterproof base 29 does not peel off (FIG. 2). reference). The joint piece 50 has an L-shaped vertical cross section, and is attached to a corner portion formed by a water return portion 29 a at the upper end of the waterproof base 29. A waterproof sheet 27 is attached so as to cover the surface of the waterproof base 29 and the joint piece 50. Alternatively, the waterproof sheet 27 may be attached to the waterproof base 29 in advance, and the joint piece 50 may be attached from the back surface of the waterproof sheet 27.

  An aluminum headboard 40 is attached to the upper end of the outer wall panel 30 (parapet portion 37) so as to cover the upper end. The cap 40 is not limited to aluminum, but may be made of other metals or synthetic resins. The headboard 40 is formed by bending or drawing an aluminum plate. Specifically, the headboard 40 is wider than the wall thickness of the outer wall panel 30 (parapet portion 37) and extends substantially horizontally, and the outdoor plate extends downward from both side ends of the horizontal plate 40a. It has the board part 40b and the indoor side extension board part 40c.

  Next, the ventilation structure of the attic 25 will be described.

  The cap 40 is provided on the outer wall panel 30 in a state where a gap is formed between the inner surface thereof and the outer peripheral surface of the outer wall panel 30 (parapet portion 37). Thereby, the headboard ventilation path 45 which can ventilate external air is formed between the headboard 40 and the outer wall panel 30 (parapet part 37).

  The indoor side flange 34c of the upper frame runner 34 is formed shorter than the outdoor side flange 34b. As a result, a ventilation port 35 is formed between the indoor flange 34 c and the waterproof base 29 so that the outside air can be vented into the outer wall panel 30 via the headboard ventilation passage 45.

  A plurality of beam vent holes 22 a are formed in the web of the beam 22 at a predetermined interval in the extending direction. Therefore, in the outer wall panel 30 (more specifically, a space surrounded by the support frame 32), a wall internal air passage 36 that connects the headboard air passage 45 and the attic 25 is formed.

  Therefore, the outdoors and the attic 25 communicate with each other, and the attic 25 is ventilated. That is, the outside air can flow from the headboard ventilation passage 45 through the ventilation opening 35 into the wall ventilation passage 36 and reach the attic 25 through the beam ventilation hole 22a. In addition, the air staying in the attic 25 can reach the outside through the wall ventilation path 36 and the headboard ventilation path 45.

  A ventilation damper mechanism 55 that adjusts the size of the opening area of the ventilation port 35 is provided on the lower surface of the upper frame runner 34 of the outer wall panel 30. Therefore, the configuration of the ventilation damper mechanism 55 will be described in detail below.

  The ventilation damper mechanism 55 includes an actuator 60 such as a DC motor and a ventilation damper body 61 whose opening degree is adjusted by the actuator 60. The ventilation damper main body 61 has a mounting plate portion 61a fixed to the indoor side lower surface portion of the upper frame runner 34 and a movable plate portion 61b attached to the mounting plate portion 61a. The mounting plate portion 61a has a plate shape, and is fixed in a state where the surface is in contact with the lower surface of the upper frame runner 34. The movable plate portion 61b has a base end portion attached to the indoor side end portion of the attachment plate portion 61a. Specifically, the movable plate portion 61b is attached by a hinge so as to rotate at an attachment portion with the attachment plate portion 61a.

  The movable plate portion 61b reduces the opening area and the enlargement position (two-dot chain line position in FIG. 1) where the opening area of the ventilation port 35 is enlarged via a link mechanism (not shown) based on forward and reverse rotation of the actuator 60. It can be switched to a reduced position (solid line position in FIG. 1). Here, the movable plate portion 61b is arranged at the enlarged position when the actuator 60 rotates forward, and the movable plate portion 61b is arranged at the reduced position when rotated reversely. The link mechanism is configured such that the movable plate portion 61b is switched between the enlarged position and the reduced position based on forward and reverse rotation of the actuator 60.

  The actuator 60 is electrically connected to the control device 70 and is controlled to rotate forward and backward by the control device 70. In the attic 25, a temperature sensor 71A and a humidity sensor 72A are installed on the upper surface of the ceiling 24, and a temperature sensor 71B and a humidity sensor 72B are installed on the lower surface of the ALC 23. The temperature sensors 71A and 71B are configured to detect the temperature. In particular, the temperature sensor 71A detects a temperature near the upper surface of the ceiling 24, and the temperature sensor 71B detects a temperature near the lower surface of the ALC 23. It has become. The humidity sensors 72A and 72B are configured to detect humidity. In particular, the humidity sensor 72A detects humidity near the upper surface of the ceiling 24, and the humidity sensor 72B detects temperature near the lower surface of the ALC 23. It is like that.

  The temperature sensors 71A and 71B and the humidity sensors 72A and 72B are all electrically connected to the control device 70.

  The control device 70 includes a known microcomputer, and the detection information of the temperature sensors 71A and 71B and the humidity sensors 72A and 72B is input to the control device 70. Specifically, the control device 70 is configured to input each detection information detected from the temperature sensor 71A and the humidity sensor 72A in the summer (for example, from May to October), in the winter (for example, from November to April). ), Control is performed so that each detection information detected from the temperature sensor 71B and the humidity sensor 72B is input. And the control apparatus 70 performs arithmetic processing based on each detection information, and controls the opening degree of the ventilation damper main body 61 via the actuator 60.

  Next, arithmetic processing executed by the control device 70 will be described. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an outline of the calculation process.

  First, in summer (for example, from May to October), the temperature sensor 71A and the humidity sensor 72A are activated, and in winter (for example, from November to April), the temperature sensor 71B and the humidity sensor 72B are activated. A detection sensor is selected according to the season. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, in step S11, temperature information detected from the temperature sensor 71A or the temperature sensor 71B is input. Next, in step S12, humidity information detected from the humidity sensor 72A or the humidity sensor 72B is input.

  In step S13, it is determined whether the temperature of the attic 25 is equal to or higher than a set temperature (50 ° C.) based on the temperature information. If the temperature of the attic 25 is equal to or higher than the set temperature (50 ° C.), it is determined YES, and the process proceeds to the subsequent step S14 where the actuator 60 is rotated forward to enlarge the opening area of the ventilation port 35. Further, when the actuator 60 has already been rotated forward and the movable plate 61b is in the enlarged position, this state is maintained. Thereby, when the temperature of the attic 25 is equal to or higher than the set temperature (50 ° C.), hot air in the attic 25 is discharged to the outdoors. After this process, the process returns to step S11 and the above calculation process is performed again.

  If step S13 is NO, it will progress to step S15 and it will be judged whether the humidity of the attic 25 is more than setting humidity (80%). If the humidity of the attic 25 is equal to or higher than the set humidity (80%), it is determined YES, and the process proceeds to step S14 where the actuator 60 is rotated forward to enlarge the opening area of the ventilation port 35. Further, when the actuator 60 has already been rotated forward and the movable plate 61b is in the enlarged position, this state is maintained. Thereby, when the humidity of the attic 25 is equal to or higher than the set humidity (80%), the moisture staying in the attic 25 is discharged to the outdoors. After this process, the process returns to step S11 and the above calculation process is performed again.

  If step S15 is NO, the process proceeds to step S16, and the actuator 60 is reversely rotated to reduce the opening area of the ventilation port 35. This state is maintained when the movable plate 61b is already in the contracted position. Thereby, when the temperature of the attic 25 is lower than the set temperature (50 ° C.) and the humidity is lower than the set humidity (80%), the opening area of the ventilation port 35 is reduced, and normal ventilation is performed. After this process, the process returns to step S11 and the above calculation process is performed again.

  The opening degree of the ventilation damper main body 61 is controlled by such a series of processes, and the opening area of the ventilation port 35 is adjusted.

  With the configuration and operation described above, the following advantageous effects can be obtained in the ventilation structure of the attic 25 of the present embodiment.

  In the present embodiment, the attic 25 and the building 11 are formed by the capwood vent 45 formed between the parapet portion 37 of the outer wall panel 30 and the cap 40 and the wall vent 36 formed in the outer wall panel 30. There is communication with the outdoors. A ventilation damper mechanism 55 is provided on the lower surface portion of the upper frame runner 34 in order to adjust the size of the opening area of the ventilation port 35 provided on the upper back surface of the parapet portion 37. For this reason, the ventilation amount of the attic 25 can be adjusted.

  In the present embodiment, the actuator 60 is adjusted based on the detection information detected from the actuator 60, the ventilation damper main body 61 whose opening is adjusted by the actuator 60, and the temperature sensors 71A and 71B and the humidity sensors 72A and 72B. And a control device 70 that performs reverse rotation control. And when the temperature of the attic 25 becomes more than preset temperature (50 degreeC) or humidity becomes more than preset humidity (80%), it controls so that the opening area of the ventilation opening 35 is expanded. Thereby, for example, hot air staying in the attic 25 can be positively discharged in summer, and moisture staying in the attic 25 can be positively discharged in winter. As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of condensation in the attic 25 while ensuring indoor comfort. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress a decrease in durability of the attic 25.

  In the present embodiment, since the ventilation opening 35 is covered with the headboard 40, rainwater can be prevented from entering the ventilation opening 35 by the headboard 40. Moreover, the water return part 29a of the waterproof base 29 is provided in the lower position of the ventilation port 35, and the infiltration suppression effect of rainwater is heightened.

  In the present embodiment, the ventilation damper mechanism 55 is disposed in the outer wall panel 30 and covered with the headboard 40. For this reason, it becomes possible to suppress that rainwater, dust, etc. adhere to the ventilation damper mechanism 55, for example. As a result, the life of the ventilation damper mechanism 55 can be extended.

  The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and can be implemented, for example, in the form shown as another example below. Note that the same components as those of the present embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted, and different components will be denoted by new symbols, and differences from the present embodiment will be mainly described.

  In the above embodiment, the adjustment device for adjusting the opening area of the ventilation port 35 is configured to control the opening degree of the ventilation damper mechanism 55 by the control device 70, but is not limited to a specific unit. For example, instead of the ventilation damper mechanism 55, a ventilation damper made of a shape memory alloy that adjusts the size of the opening area of the ventilation opening 35 by changing the shape when the temperature becomes a predetermined temperature or more may be provided. Good.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4A, a ventilation damper 81 made of a shape memory alloy may be provided at the indoor corner of the upper frame runner 80. The ventilation damper 81 has a mounting plate portion 81a having a substantially L-shaped longitudinal section, and a deformed plate portion 81b extending obliquely downward from the lower end of the mounting plate portion 81a to the indoor side. The ventilation damper 81 is attached in a state where the attachment plate portion 81 a is in contact with the indoor corner portion of the upper frame runner 80. And when the temperature around the ventilation damper 81 becomes a predetermined temperature or more, the deformable plate portion 81b is deformed so as to be bent in the back direction of the caps ventilating passage 45, and the ventilation port 85 located below the ventilation damper 81 is deformed. The opening area may be increased. Further, when the temperature around the ventilation damper 81 becomes lower than a predetermined temperature, the deformable plate portion 81b may return to the original position, and the opening area of the ventilation port 85 may be reduced. Here, for example, by setting the predetermined temperature to 50 ° C., it is possible to positively discharge hot air from the attic 25 particularly in summer. In addition, since the deformation | transformation board part 81b of the ventilation damper 81 protrudes in the indoor side from the back surface of the parapet part 37, the penetration | invasion suppression function of the rainwater to the ventilation port 85 can be combined.

  In the above embodiment, the ventilation port 35 is provided on the back surface (indoor side) of the parapet part 37, but is not limited to a specific location.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 4B, a ventilation port 91 may be provided in the web of the upper frame runner 90 disposed on the upper end surface of the parapet portion 37. In this case, a cap support bracket 92 that supports the cap 40 may be provided between the lower end surface of the horizontal plate portion 40 a of the cap 40 and the upper end surface of the parapet portion 37. The head supporter 92 includes a contact plate 92a that contacts the lower end surface of the horizontal plate 40a of the head 40, a pair of vertical plates 92b that extend downward from the lower surface of the contact plate 92a, and a pair of Each of the vertical plate portions 92b has a holding portion 92c that extends in a direction away from the lower end of the vertical plate portion 92b and extends downward from each tip portion thereof to hold both the indoor and outdoor sides of the parapet portion 37. And by providing the vent hole 92d in each vertical board part 92b, it becomes possible for external air to pass through the ventilation port 91 via the vent hole 92d, and ventilation of the attic 25 can be performed suitably.

  In addition, by providing the cap support bracket 92 between the cap 40 and the upper end surface of the parapet portion 37, the cap support bracket 92 has a function of suppressing rain water from entering the ventilation port 91.

  In such a case, a ventilation damper mechanism 95 including an electromagnetic solenoid 93 and an adjustment plate portion 94 that slides in the horizontal direction based on the on / off operation of the electromagnetic solenoid 93 may be provided on the upper surface of the upper frame runner 90. Specifically, the ventilation damper mechanism 95 may be provided so that the adjustment plate portion 94 is positioned above the ventilation port 91. The electromagnetic solenoid 93 includes a fixed iron core, a movable iron core, a coil spring, and the like, and an adjustment plate portion 94 is connected to the movable iron core. Then, the adjustment plate portion 94 can be switched between an enlarged position for expanding the opening area of the ventilation port 91 and a reduced position for reducing the opening area in conjunction with the advance and retreat of the movable iron core based on the on / off operation of the electromagnetic solenoid 93. May be.

  Furthermore, it can replace with the electromagnetic solenoid 93 and can also be used as a drive means of the adjustment board part 94 using another actuator. In addition, the adjustment means for adjusting the size of the opening area of the ventilation port 35 may be a hydraulic type.

  In the above embodiment, the ventilation port 35 is provided in a portion of the outer wall panel 30 (parapet portion) covered with the headboard 40, but the present invention is not limited to such a location.

  For example, as shown to Fig.5 (a), you may provide the vent hole 101 in a lower position rather than the lower end part of the indoor side extended board part 40c of the headboard 40 in the back surface of the parapet part 37. FIG. In such a case, it is not always necessary to secure the headboard ventilation path 45.

  Moreover, it is good to provide the metal-mesh 102 in the indoor side rather than the ventilation opening 101 so that the ventilation opening 101 may be plugged up (refer FIG.5 (b)). Thereby, invasion of insects and the like into the ventilation port 101 can be suppressed. In this case, a ventilation damper 103 having a mounting base portion 103a and a deformation plate portion 103b and made of a shape memory alloy is provided between the indoor flange of the upper frame runner 100 and the ventilation port 101, and the deformation plate portion 103b is provided. It is good to comprise so that it may bend inside the wall body of the outer wall panel 30. FIG. Thereby, interference with the wire mesh 102 can be avoided while adjusting the size of the opening area of the ventilation port 101.

  Moreover, it is good to provide the water return 104 attached from the indoor side so that it may straddle a pair of stud 33 in the lower part of the ventilation port 101. FIG. The water return 104 is fixed to the pair of studs 33, and extends downward from the mounting base 104a, and extends vertically from the middle of the vertical direction of the mounting base 104a to the inside of the wall body and then extends upward from the tip. And a water return main body 104b formed extending from the upper end to the indoor side. As a result, rainwater entering from the ventilation port 101 can be prevented from entering the wall ventilation passage 36 by the water return 104.

  In the above embodiment, the ventilation wall 35 as an opening is provided in the outer wall panel 30 and the opening area of the ventilation hole 35 is adjusted by the ventilation damper mechanism 55. However, the opening area of the ventilation port 35 is not necessarily limited. There is no need to adjust. That is, for example, the ventilation damper mechanism 55 may be provided in the wall ventilation path 36 and the flow channel area of the wall ventilation path 36 may be adjusted.

  In the above embodiment, the movable plate portion 61b is switched between the enlarged position and the reduced position. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, an intermediate position is provided between the enlarged position and the reduced position. The size of the opening area may be adjusted in a stepless manner.

  In the above embodiment, when the attic temperature becomes equal to or higher than the set temperature (50 ° C.) or when the attic humidity becomes equal to or higher than the set humidity (80%), the opening area of the ventilation opening 35 is controlled to be enlarged. However, it is not limited to a specific temperature and humidity. For example, when the air is excessively ventilated by the above conditions, the set temperature may be set to 60 ° C. to 80 ° C., and the set humidity may be set to 90%.

  In the above embodiment, the temperature and humidity of the attic 25 are detected using the temperature sensors 71A and 71B and the humidity sensors 72A and 72B, but the environmental sensors are not limited to a specific number or detection location.

  For example, the temperature sensor 71A is used to detect the outside air temperature, the ceiling temperature, the frame temperature of the beam 22 constituting the attic 25, and the like, and the size of the opening area of the ventilation opening 35 is adjusted based on the detection information. Also good.

  Alternatively, outdoor humidity may be detected using the humidity sensor 72A, and adjustment may be made to reduce the opening area of the ventilation opening 35 when the outdoor humidity is extremely high in summer. Thereby, permeation of moisture into the attic 25 can be suppressed, and the occurrence of condensation can be suppressed. As a result, a decrease in durability of the attic 25 can be suppressed.

  In the above embodiment, control is performed by the control device 70 so as to increase the opening area of the ventilation opening 35 when the attic 25 becomes a temperature or humidity higher than a predetermined level, but it is limited to specific environmental conditions and control processing. Never happen.

  For example, the dew point temperature in the attic 25 is detected using a dew point temperature sensor, and the opening area of the ventilation opening 35 is expanded when the attic 25 reaches a predetermined temperature or more within a range not reaching the dew point temperature. It may be controlled so that the opening area of the ventilation port 35 is reduced when the temperature becomes lower than a predetermined temperature. As a result, the hot air staying in the attic 25 in the summer can be actively discharged to lower the indoor temperature, and in the winter the living heat from the indoor can stay in the attic 25 to efficiently It can also be heated. As a result, it is possible to ensure indoor comfort while suppressing the occurrence of condensation on the attic 25.

  In the above embodiment, the building 11 including the outer wall panel 30 having the parapet portion 37 has been described as an example. However, for example, the outer wall of the balcony may be configured as a ventilation space.

  In the above embodiment, the building 11 constructed by the steel frame construction method has been described as an example, but the present invention can also be applied to the building 11 constructed by another construction method. For example, a wooden shaft construction method or a frame wall construction method may be used.

The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the ventilation structure of the attic in this embodiment. The perspective view which shows the outer wall panel group provided with the ventilation structure of an attic. The flowchart which shows the outline | summary of the arithmetic processing performed with a control apparatus. (A) (b) The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows another example of the ventilation structure of an attic. (A) The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows another example of the ventilation structure of an attic, (b) The front view which shows another example of the ventilation structure of an attic.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Building, 20 ... Building body, 25 ... Attic, 30 ... Outer wall panel as wall body, 35 ... Ventilation opening, 36 ... In-wall ventilation passage as air passage, 37 ... Parapet part, 40 ... Kasagi, 45 ... Kasagi A ventilation path, 55... Ventilation damper mechanism as adjustment means, 61b... Movable plate part as opening and closing body, 70... Control device, 71A, 71B .. Temperature sensor as environment sensor, 72A, 72B.

Claims (7)

An attic ventilation structure for ventilating the attic by communicating the outdoor space and the attic through a wall whose front and back faces the outdoor space,
In the wall, an air passage that communicates the outdoor space and the attic is formed, and an adjusting means for adjusting the size of the flow passage area of the air passage is provided ,
On the indoor side surface of the wall body, a ventilation port leading to the ventilation path is provided,
The adjustment means is attached to the indoor side lower surface of the upper frame extending along the upper end of the wall body in the wall body, and rotatably attached to the indoor side end part of the mounting plate part. Open and closed body,
Attic ventilation structure size of the flow area with the opening adjustment of the closing member is characterized by Rukoto adjusted. An attic ventilation structure for ventilating the attic by communicating the outdoor space and the attic through a wall whose front and back faces the outdoor space,
In the wall, an air passage that communicates the outdoor space and the attic is formed, and an adjusting means for adjusting the size of the flow passage area of the air passage is provided ,
On the indoor side surface of the wall body, a ventilation port leading to the ventilation path is provided,
The adjusting means includes a mounting plate attached to an indoor corner portion of an upper frame extending along an upper end of the wall body in the wall body, and extends obliquely downward from the mounting plate portion to the indoor side. Opening and closing body,
The closing body is configured to include a shape memory alloy, characterized in der Rukoto which flow passage area of the air passage when said shape temperature equal to or more than a predetermined in-memory alloy is applied is deformed in a direction to expand Attic ventilation structure. A cap member is provided at the upper end of the wall,
The attic ventilation structure according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the adjusting means is provided in a portion of the wall body that is covered with the headboard member. The adjusting means includes
An environmental sensor for detecting environmental information;
A control device for controlling the opening / closing body for adjusting the size of the flow path area based on the environmental information;
The attic ventilation structure according to claim 1, wherein the attic ventilation structure is provided. The environmental sensor includes a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the attic,
5. The attic ventilation structure according to claim 4 , wherein the control device controls the opening / closing body so that the flow passage area is enlarged when a temperature of the attic above a predetermined level is detected. 6. The environmental sensor includes a humidity sensor that detects humidity of the attic,
It said controller, attic ventilation structure according to claim 4 or 5 in which the humidity of a predetermined amount or more of the attic is when it is detected, controls the opening and closing member such that the flow area is enlarged. The environmental sensor includes a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the attic and a humidity sensor that detects the humidity of the attic.
The control device controls the opening / closing body so that the flow passage area is expanded when the temperature of the attic above a predetermined level is detected or when the humidity of the attic above a predetermined level is detected, and the control device is less than the predetermined 5. The attic ventilation according to claim 4 , wherein when the temperature of the attic is detected and humidity of the attic less than a predetermined level is detected, the opening / closing body is controlled so that the flow path area is reduced. Construction.

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