JP5058098B2 - Method for preparing low shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering and low shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering - Google Patents
Method for preparing low shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering and low shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering Download PDFInfo
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- JP5058098B2 JP5058098B2 JP2008212403A JP2008212403A JP5058098B2 JP 5058098 B2 JP5058098 B2 JP 5058098B2 JP 2008212403 A JP2008212403 A JP 2008212403A JP 2008212403 A JP2008212403 A JP 2008212403A JP 5058098 B2 JP5058098 B2 JP 5058098B2
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- -1 polyoxyethylene group Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920006163 vinyl copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000006353 oxyethylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolane-2,4-dione Chemical group O=C1COC(=O)C1 JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940028356 diethylene glycol monobutyl ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005702 oxyalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 17
- WRKCIHRWQZQBOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOP(O)(O)=O WRKCIHRWQZQBOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 5
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- SZHIIIPPJJXYRY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-methylprop-2-ene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(=C)CS([O-])(=O)=O SZHIIIPPJJXYRY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 3
- SONHXMAHPHADTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(=C)C([O-])=O SONHXMAHPHADTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 3
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940077388 benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002818 (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)pyridin-3-amine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CN=C1OC1=CC=C(F)C=C1F LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWTNRNHDJZLBCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-pentoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCOCCOCCO PWTNRNHDJZLBCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DJCYDDALXPHSHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-propoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCOCCOCCO DJCYDDALXPHSHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGICCULPCWNRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-hexoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCOCCOCCOCCO RGICCULPCWNRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYCQSOCJLZBPAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylprop-2-enoic acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].CC(=C)C(O)=O MYCQSOCJLZBPAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHUFGBSGINLPOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoyl cyanide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)OC1=CC=C(C(=O)C#N)C=C1Cl JHUFGBSGINLPOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKIDEFUBRARXTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-mercaptopropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCS DKIDEFUBRARXTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004373 Pullulan Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001218 Pullulan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011400 blast furnace cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCCOCCO XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940075557 diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- DZBOAIYHPIPCBP-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical class [Mg+2].CC(=C)C([O-])=O.CC(=C)C([O-])=O DZBOAIYHPIPCBP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenolphthalein Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)O1 KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000019423 pullulan Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/40—Surface-active agents, dispersants
- C04B2103/408—Dispersants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/50—Defoamers, air detrainers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Description
本発明は土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートの調製方法及び土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートに関する。近年、使用上の便宜から多機能混和剤を用いて練り混ぜ直後の目標スランプを比較的低く抑えた状態に調製する土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートにも、高品質化及び高耐久性化を図ることが要求され、具体的には、１）先ず前提として、用いる多機能混和剤が安定性に優れていること、２）調製した土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートの流動性及び空気量の経時的な低下を抑えて良好な施工性を確保すること、３）得られる硬化体の乾燥収縮率が低いこと、４）得られる硬化体の凍結融解作用に対する抵抗性が強いこと、５）得られる硬化体の中性化速度が遅いこと、６）得られる硬化体の圧縮強度が相応に優れていること、以上の１）〜６）を同時に充足することが要求されるようになっている。本発明は、かかる要求に応える土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートの調製方法及びこの調製方法によって調製された土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートに関する。 The present invention relates to a method for preparing a low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering and a low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering. To improve the quality and durability of low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering, which is prepared in recent years with a target slump that has been kept relatively low using a multifunctional admixture for convenience in use. Specifically, 1) First, as a premise, the multifunctional admixture used is excellent in stability, and 2) The fluidity of the prepared low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering and the decrease in the amount of air over time 3) Low drying shrinkage rate of the resulting cured product, 4) Strong resistance to freeze-thaw action of the resulting cured product, and 5) of the resulting cured product. It is required that the neutralization rate is slow, 6) the compressive strength of the resulting cured product is correspondingly excellent, and the above 1) to 6) are simultaneously satisfied. The present invention relates to a method for preparing low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering that meets such requirements, and a low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering prepared by this preparation method.
従来、調製する土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートに優れた流動性を付与し、得られる硬化体に優れた圧縮強度を発現させる混和剤として、ポリカルボン酸系化合物を主成分とする各種のセメント分散剤が知られている（例えば特許文献１及び２参照）。また得られる硬化体の乾燥収縮率を低くする混和剤として、各種の乾燥収縮低減剤も知られている（例えば特許文献３参照）。更に調製する土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートに流動性を付与すると共に得られる硬化体の乾燥収縮率を低くする混和剤も知られている（例えば特許文献４及び５参照）。 Conventionally, various cement dispersants mainly composed of polycarboxylic acid-based compounds as admixtures that impart excellent fluidity to the low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering and exhibit excellent compressive strength in the resulting cured product Is known (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). Various dry shrinkage reducing agents are also known as admixtures that lower the drying shrinkage of the resulting cured product (see, for example, Patent Document 3). Furthermore, an admixture that imparts fluidity to the low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering and lowers the drying shrinkage of the resulting cured product is also known (see, for example, Patent Documents 4 and 5).
しかし、かかる従来の混和剤を用いたのでは、これらを適宜併用しても、前記した１）〜６）の要求を同時に充足することができないという問題がある。
本発明が解決しようとする課題は、使用上の便宜から多機能混和剤を用いて練り混ぜ直後のスランプを比較的低く抑えた土木用低収縮コンクリートを調製するに際し、１）先ず前提として、用いる多機能混和剤が安定性に優れていること、２）調製した土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートの流動性及び空気量の経時的な低下を抑えて良好な施工性を確保すること、３）得られる硬化体の乾燥収縮率が低いこと、４）得られる硬化体の凍結融解作用に対する抵抗性が強いこと、５）得られる硬化体の中性化速度が遅いこと、６）得られる硬化体の圧縮強度が相応に優れていること、以上の１）〜６）を同時に充足する土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートの調製方法及び土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートを提供する処にある。 The problem to be solved by the present invention is to prepare a low-shrinkage concrete for civil engineering in which the slump immediately after kneading is kept relatively low using a multifunctional admixture for convenience of use. The multifunctional admixture is excellent in stability, 2) the flowability of the prepared low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering and the reduction of the air volume over time are ensured, and good workability is ensured. Low drying shrinkage of the cured product 4) Strong resistance to freeze-thaw action of the resulting cured product 5) Slow neutralization rate of the resulting cured product 6) Compression of the resulting cured product The present invention provides a method for preparing a low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering and a low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering that satisfies the above-mentioned 1) to 6) at the same time.
しかして本発明者らは、前記の課題を解決するべく研究した結果、セメントを所定割合で用い、またかかるセメントに対して特定の３成分から成る特定の多機能混和剤を所定割合で用いて、所定のスランプ及び連行空気（ＡＥ）量の土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートを調製することが正しく好適であることを見出した。 As a result, the present inventors have studied to solve the above-mentioned problems. As a result, the cement is used at a predetermined ratio, and a specific multifunctional admixture composed of specific three components is used at a predetermined ratio with respect to the cement. It has been found that it is correctly suitable to prepare a low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering with a predetermined slump and entrained air (AE) amount.
すなわち本発明は、セメント、水、細骨材、粗骨材、多機能混和剤及び空気量調節剤を用いて土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートを調製するに際し、セメントを単位量２９０〜４５０kg／ｍ３の範囲で用い、またセメント１００質量部当たり下記の多機能混和剤を０．３〜１．５質量部の割合で用いて、更に練り混ぜ直後のスランプを６〜１５cmの範囲に調製すると共に連行空気量を３〜８容量％の範囲に調製することを特徴とする土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートの調製方法に係る。また本発明は、かかる土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートの調製方法によって調製された土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートに係る。 That is, according to the present invention, when preparing low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering using cement, water, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, multifunctional admixture and air amount adjusting agent, the unit amount of cement is 290 to 450 kg / m 3. In addition, the following multifunctional admixture is used at a ratio of 0.3 to 1.5 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of cement, and a slump immediately after mixing is further adjusted to a range of 6 to 15 cm and entrained. The present invention relates to a method for preparing low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering, characterized in that the amount of air is adjusted to a range of 3 to 8% by volume. Moreover, this invention relates to the low shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering prepared by the preparation method of this low shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering.
多機能混和剤：下記のセメント分散剤、乾燥収縮低減剤及び分離低減剤から成り、該セメント分散剤を１０〜３０質量％、該乾燥収縮低減剤を６５〜８５質量％及び該分離低減剤を０．０５〜５質量％（合計１００質量％）含有して成るもの Multifunctional admixture: Consists of the following cement dispersant, drying shrinkage reducing agent and separation reducing agent, the cement dispersing agent being 10 to 30% by mass, the drying shrinkage reducing agent being 65 to 85% by mass and the separation reducing agent Containing 0.05 to 5 mass% (total 100 mass%)
セメント分散剤：分子中に下記の構成単位Ｄを４５〜８５モル％、下記の構成単位Ｅを１５〜５５モル％及び下記の構成単位Ｆを０〜５モル％（合計１００モル％）有する質量平均分子量２０００〜７００００の水溶性ビニル共重合体 Cement dispersant: Mass having 45 to 85 mol% of the following structural unit D, 15 to 55 mol% of the following structural unit E, and 0 to 5 mol% of the following structural unit F (total 100 mol%) in the molecule. Water-soluble vinyl copolymer having an average molecular weight of 2000 to 70000
構成単位Ｄ：メタアクリル酸から形成された構成単位及びメタアクリル酸塩から形成された構成単位から選ばれる一つ又は二つ以上
構成単位Ｅ：分子中に７〜７５個のオキシエチレン単位で構成されたポリオキシエチレン基を有するメトキシポリエチレングリコールメタクリレートから形成された構成単位
構成単位Ｆ：（メタ）アリルスルホン酸塩から形成された構成単位及びメチル（メタ）アクリレートから形成された構成単位から選ばれる一つ又は二つ以上
Structural unit D: one or two or more selected from structural units formed from methacrylic acid and structural units formed from methacrylic acid salt Structural unit E: composed of 7 to 75 oxyethylene units in the molecule Structural unit formed from methoxypolyethyleneglycol methacrylate having a polyoxyethylene group formed Structural unit F: selected from a structural unit formed from (meth) allyl sulfonate and a structural unit formed from methyl (meth) acrylate One or more
乾燥収縮低減剤：下記の化１で示される（ポリ）アルキレングリコールモノアルキルエーテル Drying shrinkage reducing agent: (poly) alkylene glycol monoalkyl ether represented by the following chemical formula 1
化１において、
Ｒ：炭素数３〜５のアルキル基
Ａ：分子中に１〜５個のオキシエチレン単位のみで構成された（ポリ）オキシアルキレン基を有する（ポリ）アルキレングリコールから全ての水酸基を除いた残基
In chemical formula 1,
R: an alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms A: a residue obtained by removing all hydroxyl groups from a (poly) alkylene glycol having a (poly) oxyalkylene group composed of only 1 to 5 oxyethylene units in the molecule
分離低減剤：ポリ酢酸ビニルから合成された鹸化度８０〜９５モル％のポリビニルアルコールであって、４質量％水溶液の２０℃における粘度が１〜５０ｍＰａ・ｓの範囲のポリビニルアルコール Separation-reducing agent: polyvinyl alcohol synthesized from polyvinyl acetate having a saponification degree of 80 to 95 mol% and a viscosity of 4% by weight aqueous solution at 20 ° C. in the range of 1 to 50 mPa · s
本発明に係る土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートの調製方法（以下、本発明の調製方法という）では、セメント、水、細骨材及び粗骨材の他に、多機能混和剤及び空気量調節剤を用いる。本発明の調製方法で用いる多機能混和剤は、セメント分散剤、乾燥収縮低減剤及び分離低減剤から成るものである。 In the method for preparing low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering according to the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the preparation method of the present invention), in addition to cement, water, fine aggregate, and coarse aggregate, a multifunctional admixture and an air amount adjusting agent are added. Use. The multifunctional admixture used in the preparation method of the present invention comprises a cement dispersant, a drying shrinkage reducing agent, and a separation reducing agent.
多機能混和剤の一成分として用いるセメント分散剤は、１）構成単位Ｄと構成単位Ｅとから構成された水溶性ビニル共重合体、又は２）構成単位Ｄと構成単位Ｅと構成単位Ｆとから構成された水溶性ビニル共重合体である。 The cement dispersant used as one component of the multifunctional admixture is 1) a water-soluble vinyl copolymer composed of the structural unit D and the structural unit E, or 2) the structural unit D, the structural unit E, and the structural unit F. Is a water-soluble vinyl copolymer composed of
構成単位Ｄとしては、１）メタクリル酸から形成された構成単位、２）メタクリル酸塩から形成された構成単位、３）メタクリル酸から形成された構成単位及びメタクリル酸塩から形成された構成単位の双方が挙げられる。ここで、メタクリル酸塩から形成された構成単位としては、イ）メタクリル酸のリチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム等のアルカリ金属塩から形成された構成単位、ロ）メタクリル酸のカルシウム、マグネシウム等のアルカリ土類金属塩から形成された構成単位、ハ）メタクリル酸のジエタノールアミン、トリエタノールアミン等の有機アミン塩から形成された構成単位等が挙げられる。なかでも、構成単位Ｄとしては、メタクリル酸塩から形成された構成単位が好ましく、メタクリル酸ナトリウムから形成された構成単位がより好ましい。 The structural unit D includes 1) a structural unit formed from methacrylic acid, 2) a structural unit formed from methacrylate, 3) a structural unit formed from methacrylic acid, and a structural unit formed from methacrylate. Both are mentioned. Here, structural units formed from methacrylates are as follows: a) structural units formed from alkali metal salts such as lithium, sodium, and potassium methacrylic acid, and b) alkaline earths such as calcium and magnesium methacrylates. Examples include structural units formed from metal salts, and c) structural units formed from organic amine salts such as diethanolamine and triethanolamine of methacrylic acid. Especially, as the structural unit D, the structural unit formed from the methacrylate is preferable, and the structural unit formed from sodium methacrylate is more preferable.
構成単位Ｅは、分子中に７〜７５個のオキシエチレン単位で構成されたポリオキシエチレン基を有するメトキシポリエチレングリコールメタクリレートから形成された構成単位である。 The structural unit E is a structural unit formed from methoxypolyethylene glycol methacrylate having a polyoxyethylene group composed of 7 to 75 oxyethylene units in the molecule.
構成単位Ｆとしては、１）（メタ）アリルスルホン酸塩から形成された構成単位、２）メチル（メタ）アクリレートから形成された構成単位、３）（メタ）アリルスルホン酸塩から形成された構成単位及びメチル（メタ）アクリレートから形成された構成単位の双方が挙げられる。かかる（メタ）アリルスルホン酸塩から形成された構成単位としては、アリルスルホン酸塩から形成された構成単位、メタリルスルホン酸塩から形成された構成単位が挙げられ、塩としては、リチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム等のアルカリ金属塩が挙げられるが、ナトリウム塩が好ましい。 As the structural unit F, 1) a structural unit formed from (meth) allyl sulfonate, 2) a structural unit formed from methyl (meth) acrylate, and 3) a structure formed from (meth) allyl sulfonate. Both the unit and the structural unit formed from methyl (meth) acrylate are mentioned. Examples of the structural unit formed from such (meth) allyl sulfonate include a structural unit formed from allyl sulfonate and a structural unit formed from methallyl sulfonate. Examples of the salt include lithium and sodium. And alkali metal salts such as potassium, sodium salt is preferred.
セメント分散剤が以上説明したような構成単位Ｄと構成単位Ｅで構成された水溶性ビニル共重合体から成る場合、かかる水溶性ビニル共重合体は分子中に構成単位Ｄを４５〜８５モル％、構成単位Ｅを１５〜５５モル％（合計１００モル％）の割合で有するものとするが、構成単位Ｄを５０〜８０モル％、構成単位Ｅを２０〜５０モル％（合計１００モル％）の割合で有するものとするのが好ましい。またセメント分散剤が以上説明したような構成単位Ｄと構成単位Ｅと構成単位Ｆとで構成された水溶性ビニル共重合体から成る場合、かかる水溶性ビニル共重合体は分子中に構成単位Ｄを４５〜８０モル％、構成単位Ｅを１５〜５５モル％、構成単位Ｆを５モル％以下（合計１００モル％）の割合で有するものとするが、構成単位Ｄを５０〜７５．５モル％、構成単位Ｅを２０〜５０モル％、構成単位Ｆを０．３〜４．５モル％（合計１００モル％）の割合で有するものとするのが好ましい。いずれの場合も、以上説明した水溶性ビニル共重合体は、質量平均分子量が２０００〜７００００（ＧＰＣ法、プルラン換算、以下同じ）のものとするが、３０００〜５００００のものとするのが好ましい。 When the cement dispersant is composed of the water-soluble vinyl copolymer composed of the structural unit D and the structural unit E as described above, the water-soluble vinyl copolymer contains 45 to 85 mol% of the structural unit D in the molecule. The structural unit E has a proportion of 15 to 55 mol% (total 100 mol%), the structural unit D is 50 to 80 mol%, and the structural unit E is 20 to 50 mol% (total 100 mol%). It is preferable to have it in the ratio. When the cement dispersant is composed of a water-soluble vinyl copolymer composed of the structural unit D, the structural unit E, and the structural unit F as described above, the water-soluble vinyl copolymer has the structural unit D in the molecule. Is 45 to 80 mol%, the structural unit E is 15 to 55 mol%, and the structural unit F is 5 mol% or less (total of 100 mol%), but the structural unit D is 50 to 75.5 mol. %, The structural unit E is 20 to 50 mol%, and the structural unit F is preferably 0.3 to 4.5 mol% (100 mol% in total). In any case, the water-soluble vinyl copolymer described above has a mass average molecular weight of 2000 to 70000 (GPC method, converted to pullulan, hereinafter the same), but preferably 3000 to 50000.
以上説明したセメント分散剤自体は公知の方法で合成できる。これには例えば、特開昭５８−７４５５２号公報や特開平１−２２６７５７号公報に記載されているような方法が適用できる。 The cement dispersant described above can be synthesized by a known method. For example, methods described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 58-74552 and 1-2226757 can be applied.
本発明の調製方法において多機能混和剤の一成分として用いる乾燥収縮低減剤は、前記の化１で示される（ポリ）アルキレングリコールモノアルキルエーテルである。化１中のＲは炭素数３〜５のアルキル基である。これには例えば、プロピル基、イソプロピル基、ノルマルブチル基、イソブチル基、セカンダリーブチル基、ターシャリーブチル基、ペンチル基、イソペンチル基等が挙げられるが、なかでもノルマルブチル基が好ましい。また化１中のＡは、分子中に１〜５個のオキシエチレン単位のみで構成された（ポリ）オキシアルキレン基を有する（ポリ）アルキレングリコールから全ての水酸基を除いた残基である。なかでも、乾燥収縮低減剤としては、ジエチレングリコールモノブチルエーテルが好ましい。 The drying shrinkage reducing agent used as one component of the multifunctional admixture in the preparation method of the present invention is the (poly) alkylene glycol monoalkyl ether represented by Chemical Formula 1 above. R in Chemical Formula 1 is an alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms. Examples thereof include a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a normal butyl group, an isobutyl group, a secondary butyl group, a tertiary butyl group, a pentyl group, and an isopentyl group, and among them, a normal butyl group is preferable. A in Chemical Formula 1 is a residue obtained by removing all hydroxyl groups from a (poly) alkylene glycol having a (poly) oxyalkylene group composed of only 1 to 5 oxyethylene units in the molecule. Of these, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether is preferred as the drying shrinkage reducing agent.
本発明の調製方法において多機能混和剤の一成分として用いる分離低減剤は、ポリ酢酸ビニルから合成された鹸化度８０〜９５モル％のポリビニルアルコールであって、その４質量％水溶液の２０℃における粘度が１〜５０ｍＰａ・ｓのものである。かかる分離低減剤は連行空気の気泡膜を強め、気泡の安定性を保つことによって、不安定な気泡が抜けることによる凍結融解抵抗性の低下を防ぐために用いる。 The separation reducing agent used as one component of the multifunctional admixture in the preparation method of the present invention is polyvinyl alcohol synthesized from polyvinyl acetate having a saponification degree of 80 to 95 mol%, and a 4 mass% aqueous solution thereof at 20 ° C. The viscosity is 1 to 50 mPa · s. Such a separation reducing agent is used to strengthen the bubble film of entrained air and maintain the stability of the bubbles, thereby preventing a decrease in resistance to freezing and thawing due to the escape of unstable bubbles.
本発明の調製方法における多機能混和剤は、以上説明したセメント分散剤、乾燥収縮低減剤及び分離低減剤を所定割合で混合することにより、一液にしても各剤の成分が分離しない均一液として用いることができる。多機能混和剤における各剤の割合は、セメント分散剤を１０〜３０質量％、乾燥収縮低減剤を６５〜８５質量％及び分離低減剤を０．０５〜５質量％（合計１００質量％）となるようにするが、セメント分散剤を１２〜２７質量％、乾燥収縮低減剤を７０〜８５質量％及び分離低減剤を０．１〜３質量％（合計１００質量％）となるようにするのが好ましい。各剤の割合がかかる範囲から外れると、調製した土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートは前記した複数の要求を同時に充足することができない。 The multifunctional admixture in the preparation method of the present invention is a uniform liquid in which the components of each agent are not separated even if they are mixed by mixing the cement dispersant, the drying shrinkage reducing agent and the separation reducing agent described above in a predetermined ratio. Can be used as The ratio of each agent in the multifunctional admixture is 10 to 30% by mass for the cement dispersant, 65 to 85% by mass for the drying shrinkage reducing agent, and 0.05 to 5% by mass for the separation reducing agent (total 100% by mass). The cement dispersant is 12 to 27% by mass, the drying shrinkage reducing agent is 70 to 85% by mass, and the separation reducing agent is 0.1 to 3% by mass (total 100% by mass). Is preferred. If the ratio of each agent is out of the range, the prepared low shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering cannot satisfy the above-described plurality of requirements at the same time.
本発明の調製方法に用いる空気量調節剤としては、ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテル硫酸塩、アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩、ロジン石けん、高級脂肪酸石けん、アルキルリン酸エステル塩、ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテルアルキルリン酸エステル塩等が挙げられるが、なかでもアルキルリン酸モノエステル塩が好ましく、オクチルリン酸モノエステルカリウム塩がより好ましい。空気量調節剤の使用量は通常、セメント１００質量部当たり、０．００１〜０．０１質量部の割合とする。 Examples of the air amount adjusting agent used in the preparation method of the present invention include polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether sulfate, alkyl benzene sulfonate, polyoxyethylene alkyl benzene sulfonate, rosin soap, higher fatty acid soap, alkyl phosphate ester salt, polyoxy Examples include alkylene alkyl ether alkyl phosphate ester salts, among which alkyl phosphate monoester salts are preferable, and octyl phosphate monoester potassium salt is more preferable. The amount of the air amount regulator used is usually 0.001 to 0.01 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of cement.
本発明の調製方法において、セメントとしては、普通ポルトランドセメント、早強ポルトランドセメント、中庸熱ポルトランドセメント、低熱ポルトランドセメント等の各種ポルトランドセメントの他に、高炉セメント、フライアッシュセメント、シリカフュームセメント等の各種混合セメント等を使用できる。また必要に応じて、フライアッシュ、高炉スラグ微粉末、シリカフューム微粉末等の潜在水硬性物質、石灰石微粉末等を混合使用できる。また本発明の調製方法において、細骨材としては、いずれも公知の川砂、山砂、海砂、砕砂等を使用でき、粗骨材としては、いずれも公知の川砂利、砕石、軽量骨材等を使用できる。 In the preparation method of the present invention, as the cement, in addition to various Portland cements such as ordinary Portland cement, early-strength Portland cement, medium heat Portland cement, low heat Portland cement, various types of mixed blast furnace cement, fly ash cement, silica fume cement and the like. Cement etc. can be used. Further, if necessary, it is possible to mix and use latent hydraulic substances such as fly ash, blast furnace slag fine powder and silica fume fine powder, limestone fine powder and the like. In the preparation method of the present invention, any known river sand, mountain sand, sea sand, crushed sand, etc. can be used as the fine aggregate, and any known river gravel, crushed stone, lightweight aggregate can be used as the coarse aggregate. Etc. can be used.
本発明の調製方法では、以上説明したセメント、細骨材、粗骨材、多機能混和剤及び空気量調節剤を水と共に練り混ぜ、土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートを調製するが、調製するＡＥコンクリートを土木用に好適なものとするため、セメントを単位量（調製するＡＥコンクリート１ｍ３当たりのセメント量）２９０〜４５０kg／ｍ３の範囲で用い、水／セメント比は通常、３５〜６０％の範囲となるようにする。また多機能混和剤は、セメント１００質量部当たり、０．３〜１．５質量部の割合で用いる。本発明の調製方法において、セメント、水、細骨材、粗骨材、多機能混和剤及び空気量調節剤を練り混ぜる手順は特に制限されないが、通常は先にセメント、細骨材及び粗骨材をミキサーに投入して空練りする一方で、別に多機能混和剤及び空気量調節剤を水で希釈して練り混ぜ、しかる後に双方を練り混ぜて土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートを調製する。 In the preparation method of the present invention, the cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, multifunctional admixture and air amount adjusting agent described above are kneaded with water to prepare a low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering. the order shall suitable for civil engineering, with cement in the range of 290~450kg / m 3 (cement per AE concrete 1 m 3 to prepare) unit quantity, water / cement ratio is typically of 35% to 60% Try to be in range. The multifunctional admixture is used at a ratio of 0.3 to 1.5 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of cement. In the preparation method of the present invention, the procedure for kneading the cement, water, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, multifunctional admixture and air amount adjusting agent is not particularly limited, but usually the cement, fine aggregate and coarse bone are firstly used. While the material is put into a mixer and kneaded, the multifunctional admixture and the air amount adjusting agent are separately diluted with water and kneaded, and then both are kneaded to prepare a low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering.
本発明の調製方法では、調製する土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートの連行空気量が３〜８容量％となるようにし、好ましくは４〜７容量％となるようにする。連行空気量がこれより少ないと、そのような土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートから得られる硬化体の気泡間隔係数が大きくなり、凍結融解抵抗性が低下し、逆に連行空気量がこれより多いと、そのような土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートから得られる硬化体の強度が低下する。また練り混ぜ直後のスランプは、６〜１５cmの範囲となるようにするが、好ましくは８〜１３cmの範囲となるようにする。 In the preparation method of the present invention, the amount of entrained air in the low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering to be prepared is 3 to 8% by volume, preferably 4 to 7% by volume. When the amount of entrained air is less than this, the bubble spacing coefficient of the cured body obtained from such a low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering increases, the freeze-thaw resistance decreases, and conversely, when the amount of entrained air exceeds this, The intensity | strength of the hardening body obtained from such a low shrinkage | contraction AE concrete for civil engineering falls. The slump immediately after kneading is in the range of 6 to 15 cm, preferably in the range of 8 to 13 cm.
本発明の調製方法では、以上説明したように、セメント、水、細骨材、粗骨材、多機能混和剤及び空気量調節剤を練り混ぜ、土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートを調製するが、この際に、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲内で、必要に応じて凝結促進剤、凝結遅延剤、防水剤、防腐剤、防錆剤等の添加剤を併用することができる。 In the preparation method of the present invention, as described above, cement, water, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, multifunctional admixture and air amount adjusting agent are kneaded to prepare a low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering. In this case, additives such as a setting accelerator, a setting retarder, a waterproofing agent, a preservative, and a rust preventing agent can be used in combination within the range not impairing the effects of the present invention.
本発明に係る土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートは、以上説明した本発明の調製方法によって調製されるものである。かかる土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートのなかでも、得られる硬化体の乾燥収縮率が４００×１０−６〜７００×１０−６の範囲となるものが好ましく、また得られる硬化体の気泡間隔係数が１００〜３００μｍの範囲となるものが好ましい。 The low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering according to the present invention is prepared by the preparation method of the present invention described above. Among such low-shrinkage AE concretes for civil engineering, it is preferable that the obtained cured product has a drying shrinkage ratio in the range of 400 × 10 −6 to 700 × 10 −6 , and the obtained cured product has a cell spacing coefficient of 100. What becomes the range of -300 micrometers is preferable.
本発明によると、使用上の便宜から多機能混和剤を用いて練り混ぜ直後のスランプを比較的低く抑えた土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートを調製するに際し、１）先ず前提として、用いる多機能混和剤が安定性に優れていること、２）調製した土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートの流動性及び空気量の経時的な低下を抑えて良好な施工性を確保すること、３）得られる硬化体の乾燥収縮率が低いこと、４）得られる硬化体の凍結融解作用に対する抵抗性が強いこと、５）得られる硬化体の中性化速度が遅いこと、６）得られる硬化体の圧縮強度が相応に優れていること、以上の１）〜６）を同時に充足できるという効果がある。 According to the present invention, when preparing a low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering in which the slump immediately after kneading is kept relatively low using a multifunctional admixture for the convenience of use, 1) First, the multifunctional admixture used as a premise Is excellent in stability, 2) the flowability of the prepared low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering is suppressed, and good workability is secured by suppressing a decrease in the amount of air over time, and 3) drying of the obtained cured body. Low shrinkage rate 4) Strong resistance to freeze-thaw action of the resulting cured product 5) Slow neutralization rate of the resulting cured product 6) Compressive strength of the resulting cured product correspondingly It has the effect that it is excellent and the above 1) -6) can be satisfied simultaneously.
以下、本発明の構成及び効果をより具体的にするため、実施例等を挙げるが、本発明が該実施例に限定されるというものではない。なお、以下の実施例等において、別に記載しない限り、％は質量％を、また部は質量部を意味する。 Hereinafter, in order to make the configuration and effects of the present invention more specific, examples and the like will be described. However, the present invention is not limited to the examples. In the following examples and the like, unless otherwise indicated,% means mass%, and part means mass part.
試験区分１（セメント分散剤の合成）
・セメント分散剤としての水溶性ビニル共重合体（Ａ−１）の合成
メタクリル酸６０ｇ、メトキシポリ（オキシエチレン単位が２３個、以下ｎ＝２３という）エチレングリコールメタクリレート３００ｇ及びメタリルスルホン酸ナトリウム５ｇ、３−メルカプトプロピオン酸４ｇ及び水４９０ｇを反応容器に仕込んだ後、４８％水酸化ナトリウム水溶液５８ｇを加え、これらを攪拌しながら部分中和して均一に溶解した。反応容器内の雰囲気を窒素置換した後、反応系の温度を温水浴にて６０℃に保ち、過硫酸ナトリウムの２０％水溶液２５ｇを加えてラジカル重合反応を開始し、５時間反応を継続して反応を終了した。その後、４８％水酸化ナトリウム水溶液２３ｇを加えて反応物を完全中和し、水溶性ビニル共重合体（Ａ−１）の４０％水溶液を得た。水溶性ビニル共重合体（Ａ−１）を分析したところ、メタクリル酸ナトリウムから形成された構成単位／メトキシポリ（ｎ＝２３）エチレングリコールメタクリレートから形成された構成単位／メタリルスルホン酸ナトリウムから形成された構成単位＝７０／２７／３（モル％）の割合で有する質量平均分子量３３８００の水溶性ビニル共重合体であった。
Test category 1 (synthesis of cement dispersant)
Synthesis of water-soluble vinyl copolymer (A-1) as a cement dispersant 60 g of methacrylic acid, 300 g of methoxypoly (23 oxyethylene units, hereinafter referred to as n = 23) ethylene glycol methacrylate and 5 g of sodium methallylsulfonate After charging 4 g of 3-mercaptopropionic acid and 490 g of water into a reaction vessel, 58 g of a 48% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added, and these were partially neutralized while stirring and dissolved uniformly. After the atmosphere in the reaction vessel was replaced with nitrogen, the temperature of the reaction system was maintained at 60 ° C. in a warm water bath, 25 g of a 20% aqueous solution of sodium persulfate was added to start radical polymerization reaction, and the reaction was continued for 5 hours. The reaction was terminated. Thereafter, 23 g of a 48% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added to completely neutralize the reaction product, thereby obtaining a 40% aqueous solution of the water-soluble vinyl copolymer (A-1). When the water-soluble vinyl copolymer (A-1) was analyzed, it was formed from a structural unit formed from sodium methacrylate / a structural unit formed from methoxypoly (n = 23) ethylene glycol methacrylate / sodium methallylsulfonate. The structural unit was a water-soluble vinyl copolymer having a mass average molecular weight of 33,800 at a ratio of 70/27/3 (mol%).
・セメント分散剤としての水溶性ビニル共重合体（Ａ−２）〜（Ａ−５）及び（ＡＲ−１）〜（ＡＲ−３）の合成
水溶性ビニル共重合体（Ａ−１）の合成と同様にして、水溶性ビニル共重合体（Ａ−２）〜（Ａ−５）及び（ａ−１）〜（ａ−３）を合成した。以上で合成した各水溶性ビニル共重合体の種類（以下、説明の便宜上、セメント分散剤の種類ともいう）及びその内容を表１にまとめて示した。
Synthesis of water-soluble vinyl copolymers (A-2) to (A-5) and (AR-1) to (AR-3) as cement dispersants Synthesis of water-soluble vinyl copolymer (A-1) In the same manner, water-soluble vinyl copolymers (A-2) to (A-5) and (a-1) to (a-3) were synthesized. Table 1 summarizes the types of water-soluble vinyl copolymers synthesized above (hereinafter also referred to as types of cement dispersants for convenience of explanation) and their contents.
表１において、
Ｄ−１：メタクリル酸ナトリウムから形成された構成単位
Ｄ−２：メタクリル酸から形成された構成単位
Ｅ−１：メトキシポリ（ｎ＝２３）エチレングリコールメタクリレートから形成された構成単位
Ｅ−２：メトキシポリ（ｎ＝６８）エチレングリコールメタアクリレートから形成された構成単位
Ｅ−３：メトキシポリ（ｎ＝２３）エチレングリコールメタアクリレートから形成された構成単位
Ｆ−１：メタリルスルホン酸ナトリウムから形成された構成単位
Ｆ−２：アリルスルホン酸ナトリウムから形成された構成単位
Ｆ−３：メチルアクリレートから形成された構成単位
In Table 1,
D-1: Structural unit formed from sodium methacrylate D-2: Structural unit formed from methacrylic acid E-1: Structural unit formed from methoxypoly (n = 23) ethylene glycol methacrylate E-2: Methoxypoly ( n = 68) structural unit formed from ethylene glycol methacrylate E-3: methoxy poly (n = 23) structural unit formed from ethylene glycol methacrylate F-1: structural unit formed from sodium methallylsulfonate F -2: Structural unit formed from sodium allyl sulfonate F-3: Structural unit formed from methyl acrylate
試験区分２（多機能混和剤の調製及び評価）
・多機能混和剤（Ｇ−１）の調製
ガラス容器にセメント分散剤として表１記載のセメント分散剤（Ａ−１）２９部、乾燥収縮低減剤としてジエチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル（Ｂ−１）７０部、分離低減剤としてポリビニルアルコール（Ｃ−１）１部及び水１００部を投入して混合し、多機能混和剤（Ｇ−１）の５０％水溶液を調製した。
Test Category 2 (Preparation and evaluation of multifunctional admixture)
-Preparation of multifunctional admixture (G-1) 29 parts of cement dispersant (A-1) described in Table 1 as a cement dispersant in a glass container, 70 parts of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (B-1) as a drying shrinkage reducing agent, As a separation reducing agent, 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol (C-1) and 100 parts of water were added and mixed to prepare a 50% aqueous solution of the multifunctional admixture (G-1).
・多機能混和剤（Ｇ−２）〜（Ｇ−１０）及び（Ｒ−１）〜（Ｒ−１４）の調製
多機能混和剤（Ｇ−１）の調製と同様にして、多機能混和剤（Ｇ−２）〜（Ｇ−１０）及び（Ｒ−１）〜（Ｒ−１４）を調製した。調製した各多機能混和剤の内容を表２にまとめて示した。
Preparation of multifunctional admixtures (G-2) to (G-10) and (R-1) to (R-14) Multifunctional admixtures in the same manner as the preparation of multifunctional admixture (G-1) (G-2) to (G-10) and (R-1) to (R-14) were prepared. The contents of each prepared multifunctional admixture are summarized in Table 2.
・多機能混和剤の安定性の評価
調製した多機能混和剤（Ｇ−１）〜（Ｇ−１０）及び（Ｒ−１）〜（Ｒ−１４）の５０％水溶液を、１００ml容量のメスシリンダーに入れ、室温で１週間放置した後の該水溶液の外観を観察し、下記の基準で評価した。
評価基準
○：均一透明
×：分離又は濁りが認められる。
Evaluation of the stability of the multifunctional admixture A 50% aqueous solution of the prepared multifunctional admixtures (G-1) to (G-10) and (R-1) to (R-14) was added to a 100 ml graduated cylinder. And the appearance of the aqueous solution was observed after being allowed to stand at room temperature for 1 week and evaluated according to the following criteria.
Evaluation criteria ○: Uniform transparency ×: Separation or turbidity is observed.
表２において、
Ａ−１〜Ａ−５，ＡＲ−１〜ＡＲ−３：試験区分１で合成した水溶性ビニル共重合体
Ｂ−１：ジエチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル
Ｂ−２：ジエチレングリコールモノペンチルエーテル
Ｂ−３：ジエチレングリコールモノプロピルエーテル
ＢＲ−１：ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル
ＢＲ−２：トリエチレングリコールモノヘキシルエーテル
ＢＲ−３：ポリ（ｎ＝７）エチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル
Ｃ−１：ポリビニルアルコール（日本酢ビ・ポバール社製の商品名Ｊ−ポバールＪＰ−０５、鹸化度８８モル％、４％水溶液の２０℃における粘度が５ｍＰａ・ｓのもの）
Ｃ−２：ポリビニルアルコール（日本酢ビ・ポバール社製の商品名Ｊ−ポバールＪＰ−１８、鹸化度８８モル％、４％水溶液の２０℃における粘度が２５ｍＰａ・ｓのもの）
ＣＲ−１：ポリビニルアルコール（日本酢ビ・ポバール社製の商品名Ｊ−ポバールＪＦ−１０、鹸化度９９モル％、４％水溶液の２０℃における粘度が１０ｍＰａ・ｓのもの）
In Table 2,
A-1 to A-5, AR-1 to AR-3: Water-soluble vinyl copolymer synthesized in Test Category 1 B-1: Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether B-2: Diethylene glycol monopentyl ether B-3: Diethylene glycol monopropyl Ether BR-1: Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether BR-2: Triethylene glycol monohexyl ether BR-3: Poly (n = 7) ethylene glycol monobutyl ether C-1: Polyvinyl alcohol (trade name, manufactured by Nihon Vinegar-Poval) J-Poval JP-05, saponification degree 88 mol%, 4% aqueous solution with a viscosity of 5 mPa · s at 20 ° C.)
C-2: Polyvinyl alcohol (product name: J-Poval JP-18, manufactured by Nippon Vineyard Poval Co., saponification degree: 88 mol%, 4% aqueous solution having a viscosity of 25 mPa · s at 20 ° C.)
CR-1: Polyvinyl alcohol (trade name J-Poval JF-10, manufactured by Nippon Bibi-Poval Co., saponification degree 99 mol%, 4% aqueous solution having a viscosity of 10 mPa · s at 20 ° C.)
試験区分３（土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートの調製及び評価）
・実施例１〜１０及び比較例１〜１４
表３に記載した配合Ｎｏ．１の条件で、５０リットルのパン型強制練りミキサーに普通ポルトランドセメント（密度＝３．１６ｇ／cm３、ブレーン値３３００）、細骨材（岩瀬産砕砂、密度＝２．６１、Ｆ．Ｍ．＝２．８３）及び粗骨材（岩瀬産砕石、密度＝２．６３、Ｆ．Ｍ．＝６．７４）を順次投入して１５秒間空練りした。次いで、目標スランプが１０±１cm、目標空気量が４．５±０．５％の範囲となるよう、試験区分２で調製した表２記載の多機能混和剤及び空気量調節剤としてオクチルリン酸モノエステルカリウム塩をそれぞれ所定量練り混ぜ水で希釈した後に投入して練り混ぜ、各例の土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートを調製した。調製した各土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートの内容を表４にまとめて示した。
Test category 3 (Preparation and evaluation of low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering)
-Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-14
Formulation No. described in Table 3 No. 1 to a 50-liter pan-type forced kneading mixer with ordinary Portland cement (density = 3.16 g / cm 3 , brain value 3300), fine aggregate (Iwase crushed sand, density = 2.61, FM = 2.83) and coarse aggregate (crushed stone from Iwase, density = 2.63, FM = 6.74) were sequentially added and kneaded for 15 seconds. Next, the multifunctional admixture described in Table 2 prepared in Test Category 2 and octyl phosphate as the air amount adjusting agent so that the target slump is in the range of 10 ± 1 cm and the target air amount is 4.5 ± 0.5%. Each monoester potassium salt was kneaded in a predetermined amount and diluted with water, and then added and kneaded to prepare low shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering in each example. The contents of the prepared low shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering are summarized in Table 4.
・実施例１１〜２０及び比較例１５〜２８
表３に記載した配合Ｎｏ．２の条件で、５０リットルのパン型強制練りミキサーに普通ポルトランドセメント（密度＝３．１６ｇ／cm３、ブレーン値３３００）、細骨材（岩瀬産砕砂、密度＝２．６１、Ｆ．Ｍ．＝２．８３）及び粗骨材（岩瀬産砕石、密度＝２．６３、Ｆ．Ｍ．＝６．７４）を順次投入して１５秒間空練りした。次いで、目標スランプが１２±１cm、目標空気量が４．５±０．５％の範囲となるよう、試験区分２で調製した表２記載の多機能混和剤及び空気量調節剤としてオクチルリン酸モノエステルカリウム塩をそれぞれ所定量練り混ぜ水で希釈した後に投入して練り混ぜ、各例の土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートを調製した。調製した各土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートの内容を表５にまとめて示した。
-Examples 11-20 and Comparative Examples 15-28
Formulation No. described in Table 3 2 in a 50-liter pan-type forced kneading mixer, ordinary Portland cement (density = 3.16 g / cm 3 , brain value 3300), fine aggregate (Iwase crushed sand, density = 2.61, FM = 2.83) and coarse aggregate (crushed stone from Iwase, density = 2.63, FM = 6.74) were sequentially added and kneaded for 15 seconds. Next, the multifunctional admixture described in Table 2 prepared in Test Category 2 and octyl phosphate as the air amount adjusting agent so that the target slump is in the range of 12 ± 1 cm and the target air amount is 4.5 ± 0.5%. Each monoester potassium salt was kneaded in a predetermined amount and diluted with water, and then added and kneaded to prepare low shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering in each example. The contents of the prepared low shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering are summarized in Table 5.
・土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートの物性評価
調製した各例の土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートについて、空気量、スランプ、スランプ残存率を下記のように求め、結果を表４及び表５にまとめて示した。また各例の土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートから得られる硬化体について、乾燥収縮率、気泡間隔係数、凍結融解耐久性指数、促進中性化深さ及び圧縮強度を下記のように求め、結果を表６及び表７にまとめて示した。
-Evaluation of physical properties of low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering For the prepared low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering, the air amount, slump, and slump residual rate were determined as follows, and the results are shown in Tables 4 and 5 below. . Moreover, about the hardened | cured material obtained from the low shrinkage | contraction AE concrete for civil engineering of each example, a drying shrinkage rate, a bubble space | interval coefficient, a freeze-thaw durability index, accelerated neutralization depth, and compressive strength were calculated | required as follows, and a result is shown. 6 and Table 7 collectively.
・空気量（容量％）：練り混ぜ直後の土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリート及び６０分間静置後の土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートについて、ＪＩＳ−Ａ１１２８に準拠して測定した。
・スランプ（cm）：空気量の測定と同時に、ＪＩＳ−Ａ１１０１に準拠して測定した。
・スランプ残存率（％）：（６０分間静置後のスランプ／練り混ぜ直後のスランプ）×１００で求めた。
・乾燥収縮率：ＪＩＳ−Ａ１１２９に準拠し、各例の土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートを２０℃×６０％ＲＨの条件下で保存した材齢２６週の供試体についてコンパレータ法により乾燥収縮ひずみを測定し、乾燥収縮率を求めた。この数値は小さいほど、乾燥収縮が小さいことを示す。
・気泡間隔係数（μｍ）：各例の土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートを、２０℃×６０％ＲＨの条件下で２６週間保存し、得られた硬化体の表面を研磨仕上げした供試体について、気泡組織をＡＳＴＭ−Ｃ４５７のリニアトラバース法に準拠して顕微鏡下で測定した。
・凍結融解耐久性指数（３００サイクル）：各例の土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートについて、ＪＩＳ−Ａ１１４８に準拠して測定した値を用い、ＡＳＴＭ−Ｃ６６６−７５の耐久性指数で計算した数値を求めた。この数値は、最大値が１００で、１００に近いほど、凍結融解に対する抵抗性が優れていることを示す。
・促進中性化深さ（mm）：各例の土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートについて、１０×１０×４０cmの角型供試体の打ち込み面、底面及び両端面をエポキシ樹脂でシールし、２０℃×６０％ＲＨ、炭酸ガス濃度５％の条件下で促進試験を行なった。材齢２６週に供試体の断面を切断し、１％フェノールフタレイン溶液を吹き付けて赤色化しない部分を中性化しない部分とし、外側からの幅を促進中性化深さとした。この数値は小さいほど中性化が進まず、耐久性が優れていることを示す。
・圧縮強度（Ｎ／mm２）：各例の土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートについて、ＪＩＳ−Ａ１１０８に準拠し、材齢７日と材齢２８日で測定した。
-Air content (volume%): Low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering immediately after mixing and low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering after standing for 60 minutes were measured according to JIS-A1128.
-Slump (cm): Measured according to JIS-A1101 simultaneously with the measurement of the air amount.
-Slump residual rate (%): (slump after standing for 60 minutes / slump immediately after kneading) x 100.
-Drying shrinkage ratio: According to JIS-A1129, dry shrinkage strain was measured by a comparator method for a 26-week-old specimen in which the low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering in each case was stored at 20 ° C x 60% RH. Then, the drying shrinkage was determined. The smaller this value, the smaller the drying shrinkage.
・ Bubble spacing coefficient (μm): Low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering of each example was stored for 26 weeks under the condition of 20 ° C. × 60% RH, and the test specimens obtained by polishing the surface of the obtained cured body The tissue was measured under a microscope according to the linear traverse method of ASTM-C457.
-Freezing and thawing durability index (300 cycles): Using the values measured according to JIS-A1148 for the low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering in each example, the numerical value calculated by the durability index of ASTM-C666-75 is obtained. It was. This numerical value indicates that the maximum value is 100, and the closer to 100, the better the resistance to freezing and thawing.
-Accelerated neutralization depth (mm): For each example of low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering, 10 × 10 × 40 cm square test specimens are sealed with epoxy resin on the surface, bottom and both ends, and 20 ° C. × The acceleration test was performed under the conditions of 60% RH and carbon dioxide concentration of 5%. The cross section of the specimen was cut at the age of 26 weeks, and a 1% phenolphthalein solution was sprayed to make a portion that did not turn red, a portion that did not become neutral, and a width from the outside was defined as an accelerated neutralization depth. A smaller value indicates that neutralization does not progress and durability is excellent.
-Compressive strength (N / mm < 2 >): About the low shrinkage | contraction AE concrete for civil engineering of each example, based on JIS-A1108, it measured by material age 7 days and material age 28 days.
表４〜表７において、
＊１：セメント１００質量部当たりの各例としての質量部
＊２：土木用低収縮ＡＥコンクリートの調製時に目標とする流動性（スランプ値）が得られなかったので測定しなかった。
Ｇ１〜Ｇ１０及びＲ１〜Ｒ１４：試験区分２で調製した多機能混和剤
Ｓ−１：オクチルリン酸モノエステルカリウム塩
Ｓ−２：樹脂酸石けん系ＡＥ剤（竹本油脂社製の商品名チューポールＡＥ−３００）
In Tables 4-7,
* 1: Mass parts as examples per 100 parts by mass of cement * 2: Measurement was not performed because the target fluidity (slump value) was not obtained when preparing low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering.
G1 to G10 and R1 to R14: Multifunctional admixture prepared in Test Category 2 S-1: Octyl phosphate monoester potassium salt S-2: Resin acid soap-based AE agent (trade name Tupole AE manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.) −300)
Claims (8)
多機能混和剤：下記のセメント分散剤、乾燥収縮低減剤及び分離低減剤から成り、該セメント分散剤を１０〜３０質量％、該乾燥収縮低減剤を６５〜８５質量％及び該分離低減剤を０．０５〜５質量％（合計１００質量％）含有して成るもの
セメント分散剤：分子中に下記の構成単位Ｄを４５〜８５モル％、下記の構成単位Ｅを１５〜５５モル％及び下記の構成単位Ｆを０〜５モル％（合計１００モル％）有する質量平均分子量２０００〜７００００の水溶性ビニル共重合体
構成単位Ｄ：メタアクリル酸から形成された構成単位及びメタアクリル酸塩から形成された構成単位から選ばれる一つ又は二つ以上
構成単位Ｅ：分子中に７〜７５個のオキシエチレン単位で構成されたポリオキシエチレン基を有するメトキシポリエチレングリコールメタクリレートから形成された構成単位
構成単位Ｆ：（メタ）アリルスルホン酸塩から形成された構成単位及びメチル（メタ）アクリレートから形成された構成単位から選ばれる一つ又は二つ以上
乾燥収縮低減剤：下記の化１で示される（ポリ）アルキレングリコールモノアルキルエーテル
Ｒ：炭素数３〜５のアルキル基
Ａ：分子中に１〜５個のオキシエチレン単位のみで構成された（ポリ）オキシアルキレン基を有する（ポリ）アルキレングリコールから全ての水酸基を除いた残基）
分離低減剤：ポリ酢酸ビニルから合成された鹸化度８０〜９５モル％のポリビニルアルコールであって、４質量％水溶液の２０℃における粘度が１〜５０ｍＰａ・ｓの範囲のポリビニルアルコール When preparing low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering using cement, water, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, multifunctional admixture, and air amount regulator, cement is used in a unit amount of 290 to 450 kg / m 3. and using a multi-functional admixture of the following per 100 parts by weight of cement in a ratio of 0.3 to 1.5 parts by weight, further kneading the communication line air quantity with the preparation of a slump immediately after the range of 6~15cm A method for preparing a low-shrinkage AE concrete for civil engineering, which is prepared in a range of 3 to 8 % by volume.
Multifunctional admixture: Consists of the following cement dispersant, drying shrinkage reducing agent and separation reducing agent, the cement dispersing agent being 10 to 30% by mass, the drying shrinkage reducing agent being 65 to 85% by mass and the separation reducing agent Containing 0.05 to 5% by mass (total 100% by mass) Cement dispersant: 45 to 85% by mol of the following structural unit D in the molecule, 15 to 55% by mol of the following structural unit E and the following A water-soluble vinyl copolymer having a mass average molecular weight of 2000 to 70000 having 0 to 5 mol% (100 mol% in total) of the structural unit F: Structural unit D: formed from a structural unit formed from methacrylic acid and methacrylic acid has been one selected from the structural unit or two or more structural units E: methoxypolyethylene glycol having a polyoxyethylene group composed of 7-75 oxyethylene units in the molecule Structural unit formed from tacrylate Structural unit F: One or more selected from a structural unit formed from (meth) allyl sulfonate and a structural unit formed from methyl (meth) acrylate Drying shrinkage reducing agent: (Poly) alkylene glycol monoalkyl ether represented by the following chemical formula 1
R: an alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms A: a residue obtained by removing all hydroxyl groups from a (poly) alkylene glycol having a (poly) oxyalkylene group composed of only 1 to 5 oxyethylene units in the molecule )
Separation-reducing agent: polyvinyl alcohol synthesized from polyvinyl acetate having a saponification degree of 80 to 95 mol% and a viscosity of 4% by weight aqueous solution at 20 ° C. in the range of 1 to 50 mPa · s
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