JP5056820B2 - Method for producing fiber laminate and synthetic leather obtained thereby - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing a fiber laminate excellent in surface condition, peel strength and texture using an aqueous polyurethane resin adhesive, and a synthetic leather obtained thereby.

  A conventional method for producing a fiber laminate, for example, synthetic leather, is to apply an organic solvent solution of polyurethane resin on a release paper and dry it to form a skin layer, and then apply an organic solvent solution of polyurethane resin on the skin layer. Applying an adhesive compounded with a crosslinking agent to form an adhesive layer, and immediately laminating it with a fiber base material, or dry laminating method where the adhesive layer is once dried and then pasted with a fiber base material Manufactured by either method.

  Since the organic solvent of the polyurethane resin used in this production method is usually used by mixing several kinds, it is extremely difficult to recover the organic solvent volatilized in the drying process, and it has been almost released into the atmosphere at present. is there. Moreover, since the organic solvent volatilizes, the working environment is not good, and there is a concern about the health of the worker. Since the processing apparatus is also required to have an explosion-proof specification, there is a problem that the price of the apparatus becomes high. An organic solvent having a higher boiling point, such as DMF (N, N-dimethylformamide), may be used. In this case, a part of the organic solvent having a higher boiling point remains in the synthetic leather even after drying, and its toxicity. Is a problem.

  In order to solve these problems, various studies have been made to shift the polyurethane resin to be used from the organic solvent solution type to the aqueous type, but synthetic leather having satisfactory appearance and physical properties has not yet been obtained. Absent. This is because the wet laminating method in which a water-based polyurethane resin is mixed with a crosslinking agent and thickened and then applied and laminated is as follows: (1) When laminated at a constant pressure, compared with the solvent system The adhesive easily penetrates into the fiber base material or easily protrudes to the side of the base material. (2) There is a problem that the dryness is slow and the evaporated water vapor moves between the skin layer and the release paper, and the skin layer partially floats, and the surface appearance of the synthetic leather finally obtained ( There was a problem that quality such as appearance of the skin layer), texture, adhesive strength and the like were poor.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a fiber laminate containing no or almost no organic solvent excellent in surface appearance (skin layer appearance), texture, and adhesive strength using an aqueous polyurethane resin adhesive, and the same It is in providing the synthetic leather obtained by.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present inventors have completed the present invention as a result of intensive studies on a method for producing a fiber laminate.

That is, the present invention is a method for producing a fiber laminate in which a polyurethane resin film and a fiber base material are bonded and processed by a dry lamination method using an aqueous polyurethane resin adhesive, and the adhesive has a softening temperature of 50 ° C. or less . And includes an aqueous polyurethane resin having a melt viscosity of 10 ⁵ Pa · s or less at 50 ° C. and a urethane-based thickener, and an aqueous polyurethane resin-based adhesive is applied to the polyurethane resin film or fiber substrate. A method for producing a fiber laminate comprising: applying a drying treatment, evaporating moisture from an aqueous polyurethane resin-based adhesive, and immediately bonding and bonding the polyurethane resin film and the fiber base material; and The synthetic leather obtained by the above is provided.

  Thus, the method for producing a fiber laminate using the aqueous polyurethane resin-based adhesive obtained according to the present invention enables the production of a fiber laminate, particularly a synthetic leather, which contains no or almost no organic solvent. A fiber laminate excellent in strength and texture, particularly synthetic leather, can be provided.

  The synthetic resin film used in the present invention is a film formed from a general synthetic resin and is not particularly limited. For example, a polyurethane resin film, a fluororesin film, a polyester resin film, an ethylene vinyl acetate resin film, an olefin Resin film etc. are mentioned. When producing synthetic leather, it is a film formed with an organic solvent solution or aqueous dispersion of a polyurethane resin, and the composition of the polyurethane resin is not particularly limited. A synthetic resin film obtained with an aqueous polyurethane resin is preferred. The thickness of the synthetic resin film is preferably 5 to 100 μm, more preferably 5 to 50 μm.

  The fiber substrate used in the present invention can be used without particular limitation as long as it is a generally used fiber substrate. The material is, for example, synthetic fibers such as polyamide, polyester, polyacryl and the like; natural fibers such as wool, silk, cotton and hemp; semi-synthetic fibers such as acetate and rayon; and mixed fibers thereof Examples thereof include fiber sheet-like materials such as woven and knitted fabrics and nonwoven fabrics. Furthermore, these fiber sheet-like materials may be those in which a microporous material is formed by coating or impregnating an organic solvent system or an aqueous polyurethane resin (including foam coating), and in the present invention, the fiber sheet has a microporous property. It is a fiber sheet. The microporous in the present invention indicates a state in which a large number of uniform pores are dispersed in the attached resin. In addition, the thickness and shape of the fiber are not particularly limited, and ultrafine fibers can be used. For example, sea-island, split or peel-off, or direct spinning fiber may be used for ultra-fine fiber. When sea-island fiber is used, the sea component or island component is treated with a solvent such as toluene. A dissolution elution method, a decomposition elution method with an alkali or the like can be mentioned, but the ultrathinning method is not particularly limited. Furthermore, natural leather materials such as floor leather can be used for the fiber base material.

The water-based polyurethane resin adhesive in the present invention is the object of the present invention, has sufficient initial adhesiveness even in a relatively low-temperature atmosphere after drying, and has the same adhesive performance as a solvent-based adhesive after lamination. In order to express this, it preferably comprises an aqueous polyurethane resin and a polyisocyanate compound. In particular, as the aqueous polyurethane resin, the softening temperature of the polyurethane resin is preferably 80 ° C. or less, and the melt viscosity at 80 ° C. is 10 ⁵ Pa · s or less, and the polyurethane resin is a polyisocyanate compound. The softening temperature after curing by reacting with is preferably 120 ° C. or higher.

When the softening temperature of such a polyurethane resin exceeds 80 ° C., or when the melt viscosity at 80 ° C. exceeds 10 ⁵ Pa · s, the synthetic resin film and the fiber base material are laminated, When the synthetic leather is produced, the adhesive layer is insufficient in tackiness, and the wettability with respect to the synthetic resin film or fiber substrate as the adherend is insufficient, and sufficient initial adhesiveness cannot be obtained. More preferably, the softening temperature of the polyurethane resin is 50 ° C. or lower, and the melt viscosity at 50 ° C. is 10 ⁵ Pa · s or lower.

  The softening temperature and melt viscosity as used in the present invention are measured using a Koka flow tester, a load of 10 kgf, an inner diameter of 1 mm and a length of 1 mm, and a temperature increase rate of 3 ° C./min. It refers to the flow start temperature and melt viscosity.

The water-based polyurethane resin of the present invention preferably has a polyurethane resin having a softening temperature of 80 ° C. or lower and a melt viscosity at 80 ° C. of 10 ⁵ Pa · s or lower, and further cured by reacting with a polyisocyanate compound. In order to make the subsequent softening temperature preferably 120 ° C. or higher, it is preferable that the polyurethane resin contains at least two active hydrogen groups capable of reacting with isocyanate groups in the molecule of the polyurethane resin. The partial weight is preferably 1,000 to 20,000. When the solid content weight per equivalent of active hydrogen groups is less than 1,000, the wettability to the synthetic resin film and the fiber base material is improved, but the penetration into the fiber base material occurs and the cohesive force is too low. Both initial adhesive strength and adhesive durability are insufficient. Most preferably, it is 1,500-15,000.

  Examples of the polyisocyanate compound constituting the aqueous polyurethane resin adhesive of the present invention include a polyisocyanate compound alone, or an isocyanurate type or at least trifunctional polyisocyanate compound, or a bifunctional or more polyol. Substantially hydrophobic polyisocyanates such as terminal isocyanate groups-containing urethane prepolymers obtained by reaction with active hydrogen-containing compounds of the above; emulsifiers in these polyisocyanates so that they can be dispersed in water; carboxyl And self-emulsifying hydrophilic polyisocyanates obtained by copolymerizing a group-containing compound, a sulfonic acid group-containing compound, or a nonionic group-containing compound with polyisocyanates; and mixtures thereof.

  Such a polyisocyanate compound has a softening temperature after curing of 120 ° C. or more by curing with the aqueous polyurethane resin in order to express the durability of the fiber laminate obtained finally, in particular, heat and moisture resistance of synthetic leather. It is desirable to blend so that. More preferably, the temperature is 140 ° C. or higher.

  The blending ratio of the aqueous polyurethane resin to the softening temperature and the polyisocyanate compound is preferably 100/1 to 100/30 (solid content weight ratio), more preferably 100/2 to 100/20 (solid content weight). Ratio) is particularly preferred.

  The aqueous polyurethane resin adhesive of the present invention includes other aqueous dispersions and aqueous dispersions in addition to water, such as vinyl acetate, ethylene vinyl acetate, acrylic, acrylic, within the range that does not impair the effects of the present invention. Styrene-based emulsions; Styrene-butadiene-based, acrylonitrile-butadiene-based, acrylic-butadiene-based latexes; polyethylene-based, polyolefin-based ionomers; various aqueous dispersions such as polyester, polyurethane, polyethylene, polyamide, epoxy resin, An aqueous dispersion may be used in combination.

  Various additives can also be added, for example, urethanization catalysts such as dibutyltin laurate; various stabilizers such as antioxidants, light stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers; fluorine-based, acetylene glycol-based, or silicone-based These can be used by blending various leveling agents; mineral oil-based and silicone-based antifoaming agents, plasticizers, tackifier resins, pigments and other colorants, pot life extenders, and the like.

  Furthermore, the aqueous polyurethane resin adhesive of the present invention is blended with various thickening agents such as alkali thickening type or associative type such as urethane type and polyether type as required, and according to various coating methods. Used by adjusting the viscosity.

  The dry laminating method in the present invention means that after applying an aqueous polyurethane resin adhesive to a synthetic resin film or a fiber base material, drying treatment is performed, water is evaporated from the aqueous polyurethane resin adhesive, and then the synthetic resin is immediately used. It means that a film and a fiber base material are bonded and bonded together.

  The fiber laminate in the present invention is a laminate in which the above synthetic resin film and a fiber base material are bonded together using the adhesive. For example, synthetic leather, moisture permeable waterproof material, cloth wallpaper, curtain, vehicle interior material, paraglider yacht Such as a sail, a tent, a flooring, and the like, preferably synthetic leather.

  The synthetic leather in the present invention is a fiber laminate in which the synthetic resin film is a polyurethane resin film and the adhesive is a polyurethane resin adhesive, and the fiber base material is any of the above fiber base materials. I do not care.

  The adhesion processing of the present invention is a dry lamination method. That is, the adhesive is applied to the film or the substrate, dried, and bonded.

  The application method of the water-based polyurethane resin adhesive may be any conventionally known method, and examples thereof include a gravure roll, a reverse roll, a rod, a knife over roll, and a spray method. Preferably, the coating thickness may be 5 to 100 μm after drying, and is preferably 5 to 50 μm. Moreover, although the application surface of this adhesive agent may be either a synthetic resin film or a fiber base material, it is usually preferably applied on the synthetic resin film.

  The drying method of the water-based polyurethane resin adhesive can be widely used as long as it is a conventionally known drying method. For example, a hot air dryer, an infrared irradiation dryer, a microwave irradiation dryer, or a drying device using at least two of these in combination can be used. The drying conditions are not particularly limited as long as the moisture in the water-based polyurethane resin adhesive is required to evaporate. Generally, the drying is performed at 60 to 150 ° C. for about 10 seconds to 2 minutes. However, overdrying is not preferable because it not only causes thermal deterioration and alteration of the synthetic resin film, fiber base material, and adhesive layer, but also promotes the curing reaction between the water-based polyurethane resin and the polyisocyanate compound and causes poor adhesion. If the amount is insufficient, the moisture does not evaporate sufficiently, causing problems such as floating of the skin layer, penetration of the resin into the fiber base material, and insufficient adhesion. The drying condition is preferably 70 to 130 ° C. for about 20 seconds to 1 minute.

The adhesive layer thus formed is subsequently superposed on a synthetic resin film or a fiber base material, and dry laminated with a pressure roll, preferably at a pressure of 0.1 to 30 kgf / cm ² , and a fiber laminate having sufficient initial adhesiveness. The body, especially synthetic leather, is obtained. Thereafter, the curing reaction between the water-based polyurethane resin and the polyisocyanate compound is completed by aging in an atmosphere preferably at 20 to 60 ° C. as necessary, and further, strong adhesiveness, that is, heat and moisture resistance, cold resistance. , Heat resistance, and water-resistant adhesiveness can be obtained.

  Further, the fiber laminate obtained by the present invention, particularly the synthetic leather, may be further subjected to post-processing such as surface treatment and scouring.

  EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited only to the examples. “Parts” in the examples represents “parts by weight”.

Example of preparation of fiber base material (hereinafter referred to as base material) (Base material 1) Commercial nylon tricot brushed cloth (Base material 2) A commercially available Tetron / Rayon brushed cloth was dipped in 10% DMF aqueous solution, and the wet pickup was 80%. The aperture pretreatment was performed so that Crisbon 8006HV (solvent-based polyurethane resin, manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.) / Chrisbon MP-870 (solvent-based polyurethane resin, manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.) / Chrisbon Asister SD-7 ( Film forming aid for wet processing Dainippon Ink & Chemicals Co., Ltd./Chrisbon Asister SD-11 (film forming aid for wet processing Dainippon Ink & Chemicals Co., Ltd.) / Dilak L-5442 (black pigment) Daigoku Ink Chemical Co., Ltd.) / DMF = 70/30/1/1/1/100 (parts) was added at 1,000 g / m ² . Immediately after the coating, it was immersed in a 10% DMF aqueous solution adjusted to 30 ° C. for 5 minutes to form a polyurethane resin film. It was then washed in warm water at 60 ° C. for 20 minutes until DMF was completely extracted. Then, it was squeezed with a mangle roll and dried for 20 minutes with a 120 ° C. drier.

(Substrate 3) basis weight 100 g / m ² polyester nonwoven Crisvon MP-105 (solvent-based polyurethane resin manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc.) / Dairakku L-6001 manufactured by (black pigment produced by Dainippon Ink & ) / DMF = 100/5/100 (part) was impregnated with a blended solution and squeezed to a thickness of 90% of the thickness of the nonwoven fabric. Immediately after the squeezing, a polyurethane resin film was formed by immersing in a 10% DMF aqueous solution adjusted to 30 ° C. for 5 minutes. Subsequently, it was washed for 20 minutes until DMF was completely extracted in warm water at 60 ° C. Then, it was squeezed with a mangle roll and dried for 20 minutes with a 120 ° C. drier.

(Base material 4) The base material 3 is made of Crisbon MP-105 (solvent polyurethane resin manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals) / Chrisbon MP-285 (solvent based polyurethane resin manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals) / Lisbon Assistor SD-7 (Drawing aid for wet processing, Dainippon Ink and Chemicals Co., Ltd.) / Chrisbon Assister SD-17 (Drawing aid for wet processing, Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Ltd.) / Dilack L-6001 (manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.) / DMF = 60/40/2/3/20/60 (parts) was applied at 1,000 g / m ² . Immediately after the coating, it was immersed in a 10% DMF aqueous solution adjusted to 30 ° C. for 5 minutes to form a polyurethane resin film. Subsequently, it was washed for 20 minutes until DMF was completely extracted in warm water at 60 ° C. Then, it was squeezed with a mangle roll and dried for 20 minutes with a 120 ° C. drier.

(Substrate 5) Nylon nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 100 g / m ² and implanil DLV (water-based polyurethane resin, manufactured by Bayer) / MT-30 (heat-sensitive coagulant, manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.) / Water = 50/4 / The mixture was blended so as to be 46 parts, and squeezed to a thickness of 90% of the thickness of the nonwoven fabric. Immediately after the squeezing, the polyurethane resin was allowed to stand in a saturated steam at 90 ° C. for 1 minute to coagulate the polyurethane resin. Subsequently, it dried for 20 minutes with 120 degreeC drying machine.

(Substrate 6) Commercially available Tetoron / Rayon brushed cloth, Implanil DLV (water-based polyurethane resin, manufactured by Bayer) / F-1 (Foam stabilizer, manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.) / 4% carboxymethylcellulose aqueous solution = 1000 g / m ^{2 of a} solution obtained by mechanical foaming (2 times the expansion ratio) of the compounded liquid blended so as to be 100/5/1 (part) was applied. Immediately after the coating, drying was performed for 4 minutes under a low wind with a dryer at 100 ° C. and for 3 minutes under a strong wind with a dryer at 150 ° C. The obtained base material was heat calendered at a temperature of 130 ° C.

  (Substrate 7) Processing was performed in the same manner as the substrate 6 except that the substrate 5 was used.

  (Example 1) Implanil DLV (water-based polyurethane resin, Bayer) / Imperil DLF (water-based polyurethane resin, Bayer) / DEXCEL HR (water-dispersible black pigment, Dainippon Ink and Chemicals) / Hydran WL Assister W1 (leveling agent, manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.) / Hydran WL Assister D1 (defoamer, manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.) / Hydran, WL (Made by Co., Ltd.) = 70/30/15 / 0.2 / 0.3 / 2 (part) blended liquid for skin layer (synthetic resin film) release paper (DN-TP-APW DE-7 large It was applied at a coating thickness of 100 μm (wet) on Nippon Printing (made by Ajinomoto). Immediately, it was preliminarily dried at 70 ° C. for 1 minute with Warner Mathis and then dried at 120 ° C. for 2 minutes to obtain a polyurethane resin film (hereinafter referred to as skin layer). On top of that, Hydran WLA 301 (water-based polyurethane resin, manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc., softening temperature 40 ° C. or less, melt viscosity at 50 ° C. 60,000 Pa · s) / hydran WL Assista C1 (water dispersible polyisocyanate solids 100 wt%, NCO content 16-18 wt% Dainippon Ink & Chemicals Co., Ltd./Hydran WL Assister T1 (urethane thickener Dainippon Ink & Chemicals Co., Ltd.) = 100/10/2 (part) The blended adhesive compounding solution was applied at a coating thickness of 120 μm (wet). After application, the substrate 1 was dried at 70 ° C. for 1 minute with Warner Mathis, and the substrate 1 was bonded (dry lamination) immediately after drying. Thereafter, curing was performed at 120 ° C. for 2 minutes, aging was further performed at 40 ° C. for 2 days, and the release paper was peeled off to obtain a fiber laminate (hereinafter referred to as a processed cloth). In addition, it was 170 degreeC when the softening temperature of the cured film of this adhesive agent was measured.

  Example 2 Processing was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the substrate 2 was used for bonding.

  (Example 3) Processing was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the substrate 3 was used for bonding.

  (Example 4) Processing was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the substrate 4 was used for bonding.

  (Example 5) Processing was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the substrate 5 was used for bonding.

  (Example 6) Processing was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the substrate 6 was used for bonding.

  Example 7 Processing was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the substrate 7 was used for bonding.

  (Example 8) Hydran WLA 302 (water-based polyurethane resin, manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc., softening temperature 40 ° C. or lower, melt viscosity 50,000 Pa · s at 50 ° C.) / Hydran WL Assister C1 (Example 8) Water dispersible polyisocyanate, solid content 100 wt%, NCO content 16-18 wt%, manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals Co., Ltd. Processing was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 10/2 (part) was added. In addition, it was 180 degreeC when the softening temperature of the cured film of this adhesive agent was measured.

  Example 9 Crisbon 7367SL (Solvent-based polyurethane resin, manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.) / Dilac L-5442 (Black pigment, manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.) / MEK / DMF = 100/15/30 The coating solution for the skin layer formulated at / 10 (part) was applied on a release paper (DN-TP-APT Flat Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd., Ajinomoto Co., Inc.) at a coating thickness of 80 μm (wet). Immediately, it was preliminarily dried with Warner Mathis at 70 ° C. for 1 minute and then dried at 120 ° C. for 2 minutes to obtain a skin layer. Subsequent mixing and processing of the adhesive layer were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1.

  Comparative Example 1 The skin layer was processed in the same manner as in Example 1. An adhesive compounding solution was also compounded in the same manner as in Example 1. This adhesive compounding solution was applied onto the skin layer at a coating thickness of 120 μm (wet). Immediately after application, the substrate 1 was bonded (wet lamination). After pasting, it was dried with Warner Mathis at 120 ° C. for 2 minutes, further aged at 40 ° C. for 2 days, and peeled from the release paper to obtain a processed cloth.

  (Comparative Example 2) Processing was performed in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the adhesive compounding solution was the same as in Example 8.

  (Comparative Example 3) Except for removing Hydran WL Assist C1 (water-dispersible polyisocyanate solid content 100 wt%, NCO content 16-18 wt%, manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.) from the adhesive mixture in Example 1. Processing was performed in the same manner as in Example 1.

[Evaluation criteria]
State of skin: The state (unevenness) of the surface of the work cloth was observed.
<Judgment> ○: No unevenness ×: With unevenness

  Peel strength: A 2.5 cm wide hot melt tape (BW-2 manufactured by San Kasei) was placed on the sample surface (synthetic resin film surface) and heated at 150 ° C. to adhere the hot melt tape. The sample was cut along the width of the hot melt tape. A part of this sample was peeled, the base material and the hot melt tape were sandwiched between chucks, and the peel strength was measured with an autograph (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). The average value of the obtained data was calculated and converted to 1 cm width.

  Peeling part: The sample after the test of the above peel strength test was observed, and the peeling part was confirmed.

Work cloth texture: The work cloth was evaluated by touch.
<Judgment> ○: Software ×: Hardware

Claims (9)

A method for producing a fiber laminate in which a polyurethane resin film and a fiber base material are bonded to each other by a dry laminating method using an aqueous polyurethane resin adhesive, and the adhesive has a softening temperature of 50 ° C. or less and 50 ° C. It contains a water-based polyurethane resin having a melt viscosity of 10 ⁵ Pa · s or less and a urethane-based thickener, and after applying a water-based polyurethane resin-based adhesive to a polyurethane resin film or fiber substrate, a drying treatment is performed. And after evaporating water from the water-based polyurethane resin-based adhesive, the polyurethane resin film and the fiber substrate are immediately bonded and bonded together. The method for producing a fiber laminate according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous polyurethane resin-based adhesive comprises an aqueous polyurethane resin, a polyisocyanate compound, and a urethane-based thickener as essential components. The manufacturing method of the fiber laminated body of Claim 2 whose compounding ratio of the said water-based polyurethane resin and the said polyisocyanate compound is 100/1-100/30 (solid content weight ratio). The manufacturing method of the fiber laminated body of Claim 2 whose softening temperature after the said water-based polyurethane resin and the said polyisocyanate compound react and harden | cure is 140 degreeC or more. The aqueous polyurethane resin has at least two active hydrogen groups capable of reacting with isocyanate groups in the molecule, and the solid content weight per equivalent of the active hydrogen groups is 1000 to 20000. The manufacturing method of the fiber laminated body of description. The fiber laminate according to claim 1, wherein the method of applying the water-based polyurethane resin adhesive to the polyurethane resin film or the fiber substrate is a gravure roll, a reverse roll, a rod, or a knife over roll. Manufacturing method. The method for producing a fiber laminate according to claim 1, wherein the drying treatment is performed at 60 to 150 ° C for 10 seconds to 2 minutes. The method for producing a fiber laminate according to claim 1, wherein the polyurethane resin film and the fiber base material are bonded together and then aged in an atmosphere of 20 to 60 ° C. A synthetic leather obtained by the method for producing a fiber laminate according to claim 1.