JP5050508B2 - Storage device, storage device program, and storage processing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a storage device that stores predetermined data, a storage device program, and a storage processing method.

  The IC card needs to be built in consideration of the instantaneous power interruption from the application (for example, Patent Document 1). For example, if the IC card is being pulled out by a user or a contact failure occurs between the terminal with the reader / writer during processing, the processing (data update etc.) will be interrupted and important data in the card will be lost. It can be destroyed.

For this reason, a general IC card is equipped with a dedicated protection function in order to prevent destruction of data due to a momentary interruption.
The outline of the function is to actually update the data after copying the backup of the data to be updated to another area in advance. When the update operation is completed, information indicating the successful update is added to the backup area. If the processing is interrupted in the middle of the update, the contents of the backup area are checked immediately after the next activation of the card, and the data that has not been updated is written back to the actual data area. This backup process should be performed on all retained data except for temporary use data.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the contents of the memory of a conventional IC card.
An IC card generally uses a non-volatile memory as a data storage area. Writing to the non-volatile memory is usually performed after initialization.
At this time, assuming that the area initialized at one time is one page, as shown in FIG. 6A, when the update area X covers three pages, data A other than the update data is included in page A and page C. . Since the data to be guaranteed is this data Y, page A and page C are to be backed up.

As described above, even when the update area extends over a plurality of pages, only the page including the data Y to be guaranteed is protected at the time of backup. Therefore, the backup area has a maximum size as shown in FIG. Two pages are required. In the conventional method, the backup area secures the necessary maximum number of pages and saves data in units of pages.
However, as the capacity of the nonvolatile memory is increased, the initialization unit is also expanded to 128 bytes and 256 bytes, and the processing time required for initialization is increased as the area of the initialization unit is expanded. In addition, if the area to be initialized is enlarged, the time for the writing process after initialization also increases. Along with the demand for high-speed command processing, an increase in backup processing time for rewriting guarantee becomes a serious problem.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-54710

  An object of the present invention is to provide a storage device, a storage device program, and a storage processing method capable of reducing the backup processing time.

The present invention solves the above problems by the following means. In addition, in order to make an understanding easy, although the code | symbol corresponding to the Example of this invention is attached and demonstrated, it is not limited to this.
The invention of claim 1 includes a volatile memory (13), a nonvolatile memory (15) partitioned into a plurality of pages that can be initialized and having a data area (15a) and a backup area (15b), and the nonvolatile memory. A determination means (12a) for determining from which address of which page of the data area (15a) to which address of which page the write target data (A) to be written to the memory (15) is written; At least the protection target data (C) other than the portion where the write target data (A) is written in the page where the write target data (A) is determined to be written by the determination means (12a) is stored in the volatile memory. First writing means (12b) for writing to (13) and the protection target data (12) written to the volatile memory (13) ) In the backup area (15b), third write means (12d) for writing the write target data (A) in the volatile memory (13), and the determination means An initialization unit (12e) for initializing a page on which the write target data (A) is determined to be written by (12a), the write target data (A) written in the volatile memory (13), and the protected data (C), said a fourth writing means for initializing means (12e) is written to the page of the data area is initialized (15a) (12f), Bei example, said second write means (12c) is present is divided the protected data (C) is, if their protected data is distributed across multiple pages, shed the protected de Writing the protected data (C) to fit the minimum number of pages by storing by connecting data, a storage device according to claim (10-2).
The invention of claim 2 is the storage device according to claim 1 (10-2), said non-volatile memory (15) is provided with a management area (15c), about matches how the protected data (C) A storage device (10-2) comprising data management means (12g) for storing and managing information in the management area (15c).
The invention of claim 3 comprises a volatile memory (13) and a non-volatile memory (15) partitioned into a plurality of pages that can be initialized and having a data area (15a) and a backup area (15b). A storage device program to be executed by the CPU (12) of (10), wherein the write target data (A) to be written to the nonvolatile memory (15) is at which address of which page of the data area (15a) To which address of which page is written to which address (# 1, # 2), and at least when the write target data (A) is written by the determination procedure (# 1, # 2) Write the protection target data (C) other than the portion where the write target data (A) is written in the determined page to the volatile memory (13). A first write procedure (# 3), the said written in the volatile memory (13) protected data (C) is present is divided, if their protected data is distributed across multiple pages The second write procedure (# 4) for writing the protection target data in the backup area (15b) so that the divided protection target data is concatenated and stored so that the number of pages can be reduced. ), A third write procedure (# 5) for writing the write target data (A) to the volatile memory (13), and the determination procedure (# 1, # 2), the write target data (A) An initialization procedure (# 6) for initializing a page determined to be written, and the write target data (A) and the protection target data (C) written in the volatile memory (13) And Step fourth write procedure for writing to the page of the data area is initialized with (# 6) (15a) (# 7), a program storage device comprising a.
The invention of claim 4 comprises a volatile memory (13) and a non-volatile memory (15) partitioned into a plurality of pages that can be initialized and having a data area (15a) and a backup area (15b). (10) A storage processing method for performing storage processing, wherein the write target data (A) to be written to the nonvolatile memory (15) is from which address of which page of the data area (15a) It is determined that the write target data (A) is written by the determination step (# 1, # 2) for determining which address of the page is written and at least the determination step (# 1, # 2). A first writing step of writing, in the volatile memory (13), the protection target data (C) other than the portion where the write target data (A) is written in the page # 3) and said volatile memory (13) to the protected data written (C) is present is divided, if their protected data is distributed across multiple pages, it is divided A second writing step (# 4) for writing the protection target data to the backup area (15b) so that the protection target data is concatenated and stored so as to fit in the minimum number of pages; It is determined that the write target data (A) is written by the third write step (# 5) for writing the write target data (A) to the memory (13) and the determination step (# 1, # 2). An initialization step (# 6) for initializing the page, and the write target data (A) and the protection target data (C) written in the volatile memory (13) are converted into the initialization step (# 6). )so And synchronize the fourth write step of writing to the page of the data area (15a) (# 7), a storage processing method comprising.

The present invention has the following effects.
(1) When writing the data to be protected to the backup area, only the data to be protected is written, not for each page, so the write area can be reduced and the backup processing time can be shortened. Can do.
(2) When the protection target data is distributed over a plurality of pages, the protection target data is written so as to fit in the minimum number of pages. Therefore, the protection target data can be efficiently written and initialized. This reduces the backup processing time.
(3) Since the information regarding how to store the protection target data is stored and managed in the management area, the protection target data can be reliably managed.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of a storage device according to the present invention.
The IC card (storage device) 10 according to the first embodiment includes a communication unit 11, a CPU 12, a RAM 13, a ROM 14, an EEPROM 15, and the like.

  The communication unit 11 includes an antenna such as a winding coil and an I / O interface such as a modulation circuit and a demodulation circuit, communicates with the reader / writer 20 in a non-contact manner, and communicates between the CPU 12 and the reader / writer 20. It is a part that mediates.

  The CPU 12 is a central processing unit that performs overall control of the IC card 10, performs arithmetic processing such as four arithmetic operations and logical operations, and in accordance with commands received from the reader / writer 20 via the communication unit 11, This is a part for executing an execution code (program) stored in the EEPROM 15.

Further, the CPU 12 includes a determination unit 12a, a first writing unit 12b, a second writing unit 12c, a third writing unit 12d, an initialization unit 12e, and a fourth writing unit 12f.
The determination unit 12a is a control unit that determines from which address of which page of the data area 15a of the EEPROM 15 to which address of which page the write target data to be written to the EEPROM 15 is written.
The first writing unit 12b is a control unit that writes, in the RAM 13, protection target data other than the portion to which the writing target data is written in the page where the writing target data is determined to be written by the determination unit 12a.
The second writing unit 12c is a control unit that writes the protection target data written in the RAM 13 to the backup area 15b.
The third writing unit 12 d is a control unit that writes write target data to the RAM 13.
The initialization unit 12e is a control unit that initializes a page that is determined by the determination unit 12a to be written with data to be written.
The fourth writing unit 12f is a control unit that writes the write target data and the protection target data written in the RAM 13 to the page of the data area 15a initialized by the initialization unit 12e.

The RAM 13 is a volatile memory, and is used as a work area where the CPU 12 performs processing, a transmission / reception buffer for exchanging data with the reader / writer 20, and the like.
The ROM 14 is a nonvolatile read-only memory, and stores an execution code, various parameters, and the like.
The EEPROM 15 is a non-volatile memory that can be rewritten as needed, and stores an execution code, unique information (card unique number, membership number), and the like.
The EEPROM 15 has an address assigned to each area, is divided into a plurality of pages that can be initialized, and has a data area 15a in which various data are stored, and a backup area 15b used at the time of backup.

  On the other hand, the reader / writer 20 is a device that communicates with the IC card 10 in a non-contact manner, and supplies power and a clock to the IC card 10 to transmit commands and data.

2 and 3 are diagrams for explaining the backup operation of the IC card 10.
First, the CPU 12 (see FIG. 1) interprets a command received from the reader / writer 20, and if it is a command accompanied by a writing process, as shown in FIG. 2 (# 1), write target data to be written to the EEPROM 15 A determines from which address of which page of the data area 15a of the EEPROM 15 to which address of which page.
Here, it is assumed that it is determined that the write target data A is written so as to extend across the broken line portion B in FIG. 2 (# 2), that is, the first page and the second page of the data area 15a.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2 (# 3), the CPU 12 determines other than the portion where the write target data A is written in the first and second pages of the data area 15a in which the write target data A is determined to be written. Write the protection target data C to the RAM 13.
Further, as shown in FIG. 2 (# 4), the CPU 12 writes the protection target data C written in the RAM 13 into the backup area 15b.

Then, as shown in FIG. 3 (# 5), the CPU 12 writes the write target data A into the RAM 13.
Next, as shown in FIG. 3 (# 6), the CPU 12 initializes the first and second pages for which it is determined that the write target data A is to be written.
Finally, as shown in FIG. 3 (# 7), the CPU 12 writes the write target data A and the protection target data C written in the RAM 13 into the page of the data area 15a initialized by the initialization unit 12e.
Note that the protection target data C written in the backup area 15b may be deleted as soon as recovery is no longer necessary, or may be left as needed.

Thus, according to the first embodiment, when the protection target data C is written to the backup area 15b, only the data to be protected is not written for each page, as shown in FIG. 2 (# 4). Thus, the writing area can be reduced to shorten the writing time, and as a result, the backup processing time can be shortened.
In this embodiment, since the storage device is applied to the IC card 10, it is most suitable for an IC card that requires high-speed command processing.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the storage device according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a diagram for comparing the conventional scheme and the scheme of the second embodiment.
In addition, the part which fulfill | performs the same function as Example 1 mentioned above attaches | subjects the same code | symbol or the code | symbol unified at the end, and abbreviate | omits duplication description and drawing suitably.
The IC card 10-2 of the second embodiment is an improved version of the method for writing the protection target data C. The difference from the IC card 10 of the first embodiment is that the EEPROM 15 includes a management area 15c and the CPU 12 includes a data management means 12g.
In addition, when the protection target data C is distributed over a plurality of pages, the second writing unit 12c writes the protection target data so that the minimum number of pages can be accommodated, and the data management unit 12g Management information (such as the start address and data length of each data) relating to how data C is stored is stored and managed in the management area 15c. As a result, it is possible to concatenate the data extracted only from the data to be protected and store it in the backup area 15b.

By adopting such a configuration, as shown in FIG. 5 (A), as shown in FIG. 5 (B), it is necessary to initialize the area for two pages in the conventional method. In addition, the initialization for one page is sufficient. Therefore, the number of pages to be initialized can be reduced, and the backup processing time for rewriting guarantee can be shortened.
If the IC card 10-2 has a management area 15c for managing the number of times of rewriting in advance, the protection target data C can be managed simply by writing management information in that area. Can do. When the protection target data C is recovered, the protection target data C can be easily recovered based on the management information in the management area 15c.

(Modification)
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications and changes are possible, and these are also within the equivalent scope of the present invention.
(1) The storage device is described as an example of an IC card, but is a SIM card, a UIM card, an IC tag, or another storage device such as a SIM card or a UIM card inserted into a mobile phone, a mobile holder, or the like. May be. Furthermore, it may be an information processing terminal such as a personal computer or a portable information terminal such as a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant).
(2) The EEPROM 15 may be another nonvolatile memory such as a flash memory or FeRAM (FRAM: a registered trademark of Ramtron International Corporation).

(3) In FIG. 2, the CPU 12 writes the protection target data C to the RAM 13 (# 3), and writes the protection target data C from the RAM 13 to the backup area 15b (# 4). All the data for two pages in the data area 15a may be written in the RAM 13, and only the protection target data C among the written data may be written in the backup area 15b in # 4. In this case, in # 5 of FIG. 3, the write target data A is overwritten on the data written in the RAM 13.
(4) In FIG. 3, the CPU 12 writes the write target data A in the RAM 13 (# 5) and then initializes the data area 15a (# 6). However, in contrast to this, the data area The write target data A may be written into the RAM 13 after initializing 15a.

It is a figure which shows Example 1 of the memory | storage device by this invention. 3 is a diagram for explaining a backup operation of the IC card 10. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a backup operation of the IC card 10. FIG. It is a figure which shows Example 2 of the memory | storage device by this invention. It is a figure for comparing the conventional system and the system of Example 2. FIG. It is a figure which shows the content of the memory of the conventional IC card.

Explanation of symbols

10, 10-2 IC card (storage device)
11 Communication unit 12 CPU
12a determination means 12b first writing means 12c second writing means 12d third writing means 12e initialization means 12f fourth writing means 12g data management means 13 RAM
14 ROM
15 EEPROM
15a Data area 15b Backup area 15c Management area 20 Reader / Writer A Data to be written C Data to be protected

Claims (4)

Volatile memory,
A nonvolatile memory partitioned into a plurality of pages that can be initialized and having a data area and a backup area;
Determining means for determining from which address of which page of the data area to which address of which page the data to be written to be written to the nonvolatile memory is written;
At least a first writing unit that writes, in the volatile memory, protection target data other than a portion in which the writing target data is written in a page in which the writing target data is determined to be written by the determination unit;
A second writing means for writing the protection target data written in the volatile memory to the backup area;
Third writing means for writing the data to be written into the volatile memory;
Initialization means for initializing a page determined by the determination means to write the write target data;
A fourth writing means for writing the data to be written and the data to be protected written to the volatile memory to a page of the data area initialized by the initialization means;
Equipped with a,
The second writing means concatenates and stores the divided protection target data when the protection target data is divided and exists and the protection target data is distributed over a plurality of pages. Writing the protected data so that it fits in a minimum number of pages,
A storage device. The storage device according to claim 1 ,
The nonvolatile memory includes a management area,
Comprising data management means for storing and managing information on how to store the protection target data in the management area;
A storage device. Volatile memory,
A storage device program that is executed by a CPU of a storage device that is partitioned into a plurality of pages that can be initialized and includes a non-volatile memory having a data area and a backup area,
A determination procedure for determining from which address of which page of the data area to which address of which page the write target data to be written to the nonvolatile memory is written;
At least a first writing procedure for writing, in the volatile memory, protection target data other than a portion to which the writing target data is written in a page in which the writing target data is determined to be written by the determination procedure;
When the protection target data written in the volatile memory is divided and exists, and the protection target data is distributed over a plurality of pages, the divided protection target data is concatenated and stored. A second writing procedure for writing the protection target data to the backup area so that the number of pages is reduced to a minimum number of pages ,
A third write procedure for writing the write target data to the volatile memory;
An initialization procedure for initializing the page determined to be written by the determination procedure;
A fourth write procedure for writing the write target data and the protection target data written in the volatile memory to a page of the data area initialized by the initialization procedure;
A storage device program comprising: Volatile memory,
A storage processing method for performing storage processing in a storage device that is partitioned into a plurality of pages that can be initialized and includes a nonvolatile memory having a data area and a backup area,
A determination step of determining from which address of which page of the data area to which address of which page the target data to be written to the nonvolatile memory is written;
At least a first writing step of writing, in the volatile memory, protection target data other than a portion to which the writing target data is written in a page where the writing target data is determined to be written by the determination step;
When the protection target data written in the volatile memory is divided and exists, and the protection target data is distributed over a plurality of pages, the divided protection target data is concatenated and stored. A second writing step of writing the protection target data in the backup area so that the number of pages is kept to a minimum .
A third writing step for writing the data to be written into the volatile memory;
An initialization step of initializing a page determined to be written by the determination step;
A fourth write step of writing the write target data and the protection target data written in the volatile memory to a page of the data area initialized in the initialization step;
A storage processing method comprising:

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