JP5046537B2 - Levee impermeable structure, levee impermeable method - Google Patents

Description

  More particularly, the present invention relates to a structure and a method for preventing a breakwater from penetrating and preventing a breakage of the bank and greening a slope.

  Conventionally, the slope of a river embankment provided along a river is eroded by flowing water when the water surface rises due to an increase in the amount of river water during a flood. In particular, since river levee may cause osmotic damage when water penetrates from the slope, there is a water-blocking structure that protects the river levee from erosion caused by river flow and prevents water from penetrating into the river levee. It is provided on the slope of the river side of the river embankment. In recent years, due to the revision of the law, river environment has been improved and preserved in the River Law, and it is expected that the area around the river, such as the slope of the river bank, will be actively planted.

As described above, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a water-impervious sheet, a funnel, and a sand-proof plate on the slope of a river dike as a water-impervious structure for imparting water-imperviousness to a river dike and greening the surface thereof. A water-impervious structure that has been installed in sequence and covered with soil and greened is described.
JP-A-9-111735

  However, when constructing the above-mentioned water-impervious structure, it is necessary to compact after covering the soil, but the soil covering and compacting work must be performed on an inclined surface such as the slope of a river levee. It takes time and effort. Furthermore, when the cover soil flows out due to water increase or the like, the greening is performed again. At this time, it is necessary to spray the cover soil and seeds, and there is a problem that it takes time to recover.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a water-impervious structure for an embankment that has good workability and can be easily re-greened even when a plant or the like flows out due to water increase or the like. That is.

The water-impervious structure of the present invention is formed by filling a bag-shaped mold form with a filler in advance, and a plurality of form-shield panels having a water-impervious property are laid on the slope of the dike without gaps, The frame panels are connected to each other, and the adjacent form panel is connected by a hook-and-loop fastener so as to cover them from above .
Also, in the water-impervious structure described above, the greening auxiliary material attached to the formwork panel surface may comprise a vegetation substrate which is blown to the greening auxiliary material.
According to said water-impervious structure, since a water-impervious structure can be constructed by laying a plurality of formwork panels and connecting them, construction can be performed in a short period of time. In addition, greening can be easily performed simply by spraying the vegetation base on the greening auxiliary material attached to the surface of the formwork panel.

The form panel includes a cloth form frame in which a water-permeable fabric is formed in a bag shape, and a swellable filling material filled in the cloth form frame, and the moisture permeates the cloth form frame. The filling material may have a water shielding property by swelling.
The swellable filling material may be bentonite powder or mixed soil in which bentonite powder and soil material are mixed.

Further, the present invention is a method for impermeable to a levee, wherein a plurality of formwork panels having a water impermeability, which are formed by filling a bag-shaped formwork with a filler in advance, are formed on the slope of the levee. And a water shielding method characterized in that the plurality of formwork panels are connected to each other by connecting them with a hook-and-loop fastener so that adjacent formwork panels are covered from above .

According to the water-impervious structure of the embankment of the present invention , a water-impervious layer can be formed only by laying a formwork panel formed by filling a bag-shaped formwork beforehand with a filler on the slope of the embankment. Therefore, the construction period can be shortened. In addition, even when vegetation flows out, it can be easily replanted by simply spraying a vegetation base material on the vegetation auxiliary material.

Hereinafter, the water-impervious structure of the embankment of the present embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view of the water-impervious structure 20 of the river embankment 10 of the present embodiment, and FIG. 1B is an enlarged view of the water-impervious structure 20. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the arrangement of the formwork panel 21 in the water shielding structure 20. As shown in FIG. 1 (A), the water-impervious structure 20 of the present embodiment is provided on the surface of a slope on the river 11 side of the river embankment 10, and the river embankment 10 is eroded by water of the river 11 at the time of flooding or the like. And a water-impervious structure for preventing the river water from penetrating into the river bank 10 and greening the slope of the river bank 10. As shown in FIGS. 1 (A) and 1 (B), the water-impervious structure 20 of the present embodiment is attached to a plurality of formwork panels 21 laid on the surface of the river bank 10 and the surface of the formwork panel 21. The vegetation net 22 and the vegetation base material 23 sprayed on the vegetation net 22 are provided.

  As shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2, the formwork panel 21 is shape | molded by the rectangular plate shape, it is laid in the river dike 10 side by side without a gap vertically and the formwork panels 21 adjacent to each other are connected. . The vegetation net 22 is a net woven of polyethylene, nylon, or the like, and holds the vegetation base 23 by the roots of plants grown from the seeds mixed with the vegetation base 23 being entangled with the vegetation net 22. be able to. The vegetation base material 23 is mixed soil in which seeds of plants such as turf are mixed with soil, and is held on a slope by the vegetation net 22.

  The formwork panel 21 includes a rectangular cloth formwork 24 and bentonite powder particles 25 filled in the cloth formwork 24. The cloth form frame 24 is made of, for example, a woven fabric such as a polyester multifilament having a yarn thickness of 500 to 2000 dtx and a yarn number of 40 / inch, and has water permeability and holds bentonite particles 25. be able to. An interval adjusting thread 26 is provided so as to connect the front material and the back material of the cloth mold 24, and when the bentonite powder particles 25 are filled into the cloth mold 24 by the interval adjusting thread 26, the cloth mold frame is formed. The thickness of 24 is held so as not to exceed a certain level.

  When rainwater, river water, or the like penetrates into the formwork panel 21, the filled bentonite granular material 25 absorbs moisture and swells, so that there is no gap between the particles, so that it has water shielding properties. In the water-impervious structure 20 of the present embodiment, such a formwork panel 21 is laid without gaps to prevent water from penetrating into the river bank 10 and protect the river bank from erosion. Furthermore, the surface of the water-impervious structure 20 can be greened by holding the vegetation base material 23 by the vegetation net 22 and growing seeds contained in the vegetation base material 23.

  FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the fabric formwork 24. As shown in the figure, the first hook-and-loop fastener 27 is stuck along one side of the two opposite sides of the cloth form frame 24, and the second hook-and-loop fastener 29 is stuck along the other side. A belt-like cloth material 28 is attached. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, the joint portion of the adjacent form panel 21 is covered with the cloth material 28, and the second hook and loop fastener 29 of the cloth material 28 is covered with the first hook and loop fastener 27 of the adjacent form panel 21. By adhering to, the adjacent formwork panels 21 can be easily connected. Also, as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of loops 30 are provided on the surface of the cloth formwork 24 constituting the formwork panel 21, and a vegetation net 22 is attached to the loops 30 using attachment fittings or the like. Thus, the vegetation net 22 can be fixed to the surface of the formwork panel 21. Furthermore, an opening 31 and a lid member 32 are provided on one side of the cloth mold 24 (in this embodiment, the short left side in FIG. 3) so as to close it.

  FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the periphery of the opening 31 provided in the cloth formwork 24. FIGS. 5A and 5B show a state seen from different angles. As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, an opening 31 for filling the bentonite powder 25 is provided on one side of the cloth mold 24, and along the side where the opening 31 is provided. A lid member 32 for closing the opening 31 is provided. A third hook-and-loop fastener 33 is attached to the inner surface of the lid member 32 along the edge. A fourth hook-and-loop fastener 34 is affixed along the edge of the opening 31, and the third hook-and-loop fastener 33 on the inner surface of the lid member 32 is attached to the fourth hook-and-loop fastener 34 provided on the edge of the opening 31. By making it adhere, the opening 31 can be closed.

Hereinafter, a method for constructing the water shielding structure 20 of the present embodiment will be described.
First, the slope of the river embankment 10 for constructing the water-impervious structure 20 is appropriately formed so that the construction can be easily performed.
Next, the cloth formwork 24 and the bentonite granular material 25 to which the vegetation net 22 is attached are carried into a site where the water shielding structure 20 is constructed. The vegetation net 22 is previously attached to the loop 30 of the cloth formwork 24 using a mounting bracket or the like at a factory or the like.

Next, in the field, the form panel 21 is formed by filling the cloth form frame 24 that is loaded with the bentonite granules 25. At this time, the bentonite powder 25 is filled into the cloth mold 24 using a bentonite filling apparatus 40 described in detail below.
FIG. 6A is a perspective view showing the bentonite filling apparatus 40 when filling with bentonite, and FIG. 6B is a perspective view showing the bentonite filling apparatus 40 after the bentonite filling. As shown in FIG. 6 (A), the bentonite filling apparatus 40 is supplied with the bentonite powder 25 from the mold holding member 42 for holding the cloth mold 24 and the upper inlet, and from the lower outlet. And a hopper 41 for discharging the bentonite powder particles to a cloth mold 24 fixed to the mold holding member 42. A support member 43 is rotatably connected to the back surface of the mold holding member 42. As shown in FIG. 6A, the support member 43 is supported upward to hold the mold frame. The member 42 can be held in an inclined state, and as shown in FIG. 6 (B), the support member 43 is oriented substantially horizontally to lift the formwork panel 21 described later. In order to facilitate, the formwork holding member 42 can be leveled and pushed forward.

  When the bentonite granules 25 are filled into the cloth mold 24, as shown in FIG. 6 (A), the cloth mold 24 is opened with its opening 31 in a state where the mold holding member 42 is inclined. It fixes to the formwork holding member 42 so that it may be just under the discharge port of 41. FIG. When the bentonite granular material 25 is poured in this state, the mold holding member 42 is inclined, and therefore flows to the lower end in the cloth mold 24. Moreover, since the cloth mold 24 is provided with the interval adjusting thread 26 that holds the distance between the front surface and the back surface so as not to be larger than a certain level, the bentonite powder particles 25 in the cloth mold 24 are biased. Can be prevented. After the bentonite granular material 25 was sufficiently poured into the cloth mold 24, the third hook-and-loop fastener 33 attached to the portion of the lid member 32 provided in the vicinity of the opening 31 was attached to the peripheral portion of the opening 31. By adhering to the fourth hook-and-loop fastener 34, the lid member 32 can block the opening 31 and prevent the bentonite powder particles 25 from flowing out. As described above, the formwork panel 21 is formed.

  Next, the formed formwork panel 21 is laid on the surface of the river bank 10. At this time, by tilting the support member 43 of the bentonite filling apparatus 40 horizontally, the formwork holding member 42 becomes horizontal and is pushed forward. Thereby, when the hopper 41 lifts, it does not become an obstacle, and the formwork panel 21 can be lifted in a horizontal state. Then, as shown in FIG. 7, the formwork panel 21 that has been filled with the bentonite granules 25 is lifted by a lifting machine, and is laid vertically and horizontally on the surface of the river bank 10 without any gaps.

Next, after laying the formwork panels 21 vertically and horizontally, the adjacent formwork panels 21 are connected to each other. As described above, the first hook-and-loop fastener 27 is attached to the cloth form frame 24 constituting the form panel 21 along one of the two opposite sides, and the second side along the other side. The cloth material 28 to which the surface fastener 29 is attached is attached. For this reason, when the formwork panels 21 are laid side by side as shown in FIG. 7, the adjacent formwork panels 21 are connected to the end portion on the side where the first hook-and-loop fastener 27 is attached and the second hook-and-loop fastener. It abuts on the end portion on the side where the fabric material 28 to which 29 is attached is attached. For this reason, by attaching the second hook-and-loop fastener 29 to the first hook-and-loop fastener 27 of the adjacent form-panel 21, the form-panel 21 laid vertically and horizontally can be connected.
Next, the vegetation base material 23 is sprayed on the vegetation net 22 attached to the surface of the formwork panel 21. Thereby, the impermeable structure 20 of this embodiment is constructed | assembled.

  As described above, according to the water-impervious structure 20 of the present embodiment, the water-impervious structure 20 can be constructed simply by laying the formwork panel 21 on the slope of the embankment and connecting it with a hook-and-loop fastener. The construction period can be shortened. Moreover, since it can be greened only by spraying the vegetation base material 23 on the vegetation net 22 attached to the formwork panel 21, workability is improved. Furthermore, even when the vegetation base material 23 sprayed by water increase flows out, it can be regreen by simply spraying the vegetation base material 23 onto the vegetation net 22 again.

In this embodiment, the formwork panel 21 is formed by filling the fabric formwork 24 with the bentonite powder body 25. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the bentonite powder body is formed on the cloth formwork 24. A mixed soil mixed with a soil material may be filled.
In addition, the vegetation net 22 is not a net-like one as described above, and a thread-like yarn material may be used. In short, the plant root of the vegetation base material 23 may be entangled. That's fine.

  Moreover, FIG. 8 is a figure which shows another method of connecting the adjacent formwork panels 21 of this embodiment. As shown in the figure, in this method, the material is made of the same material as the cloth formwork 24 in advance along the edge of the side facing the formwork panel 21 adjacent to the lower surface of the cloth formwork 24 of the formwork panel 21. The suction prevention cloth 50 is attached. Then, after laying the adjacent form panel 21 so that the vicinity of the edge part is placed on the suction preventing cloth 50 and filling the gap between the joint parts of the two form panel 21 with the granular bentonite 51, the hook and loop fasteners 28, 29 are provided. The two formwork panels 21 are connected by the above. Thereby, it is possible to more reliably shield water at the joint portion of the formwork panel 21.

(A) is sectional drawing which shows the water-blocking structure of the river embankment of this embodiment, The figure (B) is the figure which expanded the water-blocking structure. It is a perspective view which shows arrangement | positioning of the formwork panel in the water shielding structure of this embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of a cloth-made formwork. It is a figure which shows the method of connecting the adjacent formwork panel by the cloth material attached to the cloth formwork. (A) is a perspective view which shows the circumference | surroundings of the opening provided in the one side of the cloth formwork, The same figure (B) is a perspective view of the periphery of the opening of the cloth formwork seen from a different angle. (A) is a perspective view which shows the bentonite filling apparatus at the time of filling with bentonite, and the same figure (B) is a perspective view which shows the bentonite filling apparatus after bentonite filling. It is a perspective view which shows the condition which lays a formwork panel on a river bank. It is a figure which shows another method of connecting a formwork panel.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 River embankment 11 River 20 Water-impervious structure 21 Formwork panel 22 Vegetation net 23 Vegetation base material 24 Cloth formwork 25 Bentonite granular material 26 Spacing adjustment thread 27 First hook-and-loop fastener 28 Cloth material 29 Second hook-and-loop fastener 30 Loop 31 Opening 32 Lid Material 33 Third Hook Fastener 34 Fourth Hook Fastener 40 Bentonite Filling Device 41 Hopper 42 Formwork Holding Member 43 Support Member 50 Suction Prevention Cloth 51 Granular Bentonite

Claims (5)

The water-impervious structure of the embankment,
A plurality of formwork panels having a water barrier formed by filling a bag-like formwork in advance with a filler are laid on the slope of the dike without gaps, and the plurality of formwork panels are connected to each other ,
Adjacent formwork panels are connected by hook-and-loop fasteners so as to cover them from above . A greening auxiliary material attached to the surface of the formwork panel;
Water-impervious structure embankment according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a vegetation substrate which is blown to the greening auxiliary material. The formwork panel is
A cloth formwork in which a permeable fabric is formed in a bag shape;
A swellable filling material filled in the cloth formwork,
The water-impervious structure for a levee according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the swellable filling material is swelled by moisture that has permeated through the cloth formwork, thereby having water barrier properties. 4. The water-impervious structure for an embankment according to claim 3, wherein the swellable filling material is bentonite powder or mixed soil in which bentonite powder and soil material are mixed. A method of shielding a dike,
A plurality of formwork panels having a water barrier formed by filling a bag-like formwork in advance with a filler, and laying on the slope of the levee without any gaps,
An embankment waterproofing method, wherein adjacent formwork panels are connected by a hook-and-loop fastener so as to cover them from above and the plurality of formwork panels are connected to each other.