JP5033371B2 - Method and apparatus for manufacturing joined body - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a joined body manufacturing method and apparatus for manufacturing a joined body in which a metal workpiece and a cast product are joined.

  While press molding has the advantage of a short molding time, it has the disadvantage that it is not easy to provide a complex shape. Therefore, in the case of producing a product having a complicated shape, a method is employed in which members that are part of the product are produced by press molding, and the obtained members are joined by welding or the like.

  However, in this case, in order to produce each member, a mold having a different shape is individually required, and therefore, the inconvenience that equipment investment increases. In addition, since it is necessary to separately perform a joining process such as welding, it takes a long time to obtain a product, and thus there is a problem that it is not easy to improve production efficiency.

  Therefore, it is possible to reduce the number of molds and to produce the entire product by casting, which eliminates the need for a welding process, but in this case, when molding the product by pouring and solidifying A relatively long time is required. Moreover, it must wait until the product cools. For this reason, it is not easy to efficiently produce a product by casting.

  In order to avoid such a problem, for example, as described in Patent Document 1, it is recalled to cast a work subjected to press forming. That is, the workpiece is placed in the cavity of the casting mold, and then the molten metal is poured into the cavity.

  The poured molten metal flows so as to surround the work, adheres to the work, and then solidifies by cooling. When the molten metal adhering to the work is solidified, the work and the cast product are joined.

  According to casting, a product having a complicated shape can be provided. Moreover, a joining process becomes unnecessary by performing the above operations.

JP-A-57-146464

  Patent Document 1 proposes to promote fusion bonding between the workpiece and a cast product by energizing the workpiece in advance. However, with this technique, for example, it is difficult to melt and bond a workpiece having an oxide film (passive film) on its surface, such as an aluminum workpiece, to a cast product. The reason for this is that, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 of Patent Document 1, since both of the pair of energizing electrodes are in contact with only the work, the location where the current flows is limited only to the inside of the work. Because it will be. In other words, since the oxide film is an insulator, it is extremely difficult for the current to flow across the thickness direction of the oxide film and reach the molten metal or cast product, and therefore, melt bonding is not promoted. is there.

  Eventually, in order to cast a workpiece on which an oxide film is to be formed into a cast product, even if preliminary energization is performed on the workpiece before casting, it is difficult to melt and bond the two.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for manufacturing a joined body that can be easily joined to a cast product regardless of the material of the metal workpiece. .

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a method for manufacturing a joined body for producing a joined body in which a first member and a second member are joined,
Accommodating the first member in a cavity provided in a mold;
Pouring molten metal into the cavity and forming the second member;
Conducting electricity between the first member and the second member;
It is characterized by having.

  In this case, the energization is preferably performed in the mold.

Further, the present invention is a method for manufacturing a joined body for producing a joined body in which a metal workpiece and a cast molded product are joined,
Forming a cavity with the first mold and the second mold in which electrodes are arranged on the molding surface and accommodating a metal workpiece in the cavity;
A molten metal is poured into the cavity, and a laminated portion of the molten metal and the metal workpiece, or a cast molded product in which the molten metal is solidified, between the first-type electrode and the second-type electrode, and the above-mentioned Forming a laminated portion with a metal workpiece;
Providing a joined body by joining the laminated parts by energizing the electrodes; and
It is characterized by having.

  That is, in the present invention, energization is performed between the molten metal or cast product and the metal workpiece. Thereby, both are joined. Further, when an oxide film is present on the surface of the metal workpiece, the oxide film is destroyed as current flows between the electrodes arranged so as to cross the depth direction of the metal workpiece.

  The metal workpiece with the oxide film destroyed is easily joined to the molten metal or cast product. Therefore, a joined body can be obtained easily.

  In this case, the temperature of the metal workpiece rises due to the heat of the molten metal. That is, the metal workpiece is efficiently heated, and therefore, the current value necessary for breaking the oxide film can be reduced, which is advantageous in terms of cost.

  In the present invention, the mold for performing press forming on a metal workpiece and the mold for performing casting may be the same. That is, after the metal mold workpiece is press-formed with the first mold and the second mold, the molten metal may be poured into a cavity formed by the first mold and the second mold. In this case, the time required to obtain the joined body is shortened, and the number of molds to be prepared is reduced. Therefore, the production efficiency of the joined body is improved and the capital investment is reduced.

  In any case, a material having a specific resistance value higher than that of the metal workpiece and the cast molded product and a higher melting point than that of the metal workpiece and the cast molded product should be selected as the electrode material. Is preferred. Thereby, a laminated part can be heated efficiently. In addition, it is possible to suppress alloying from occurring due to solid phase diffusion between the electrode and the metal workpiece or cast product.

Furthermore, the present invention is a joined body manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a joined body of a first member and a second member to be cast.
A housing part for housing the first member, and a molding die comprising a molding part for molding the second member;
A power source electrically connected to the mold;
It is characterized by having.

  In this case, it is preferable to connect the power source so that a current flows through the housing portion and the molding portion, because the first member and the second member can be easily joined.

Furthermore, the present invention is a joined body manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a joined body of a metal workpiece and a cast product,
A first mold and a second mold in which electrodes are disposed on the molding surface;
A power source electrically connected to the first type electrode and the second type electrode;
Have
A passage for pouring molten metal is provided in a cavity formed by the first mold and the second mold.

  That is, in these joined body manufacturing apparatuses, electricity is applied to the molding surface of the mold that performs casting. As a result, energization is performed at the contact portion between the molten metal or cast product and the metal workpiece, and both are joined.

  Thus, according to the present invention, it is possible to energize the metal workpiece and the molten metal or cast product, thereby easily joining the stacked portions.

  As described above, the first mold and the second mold of the joined body manufacturing apparatus can also serve as a press-molding mold. In this case, the metal workpiece may be press-molded by clamping, and the deformed metal workpiece may be energized together with the molten metal or cast product.

  Furthermore, for the reasons described above, the electrode may be made of a material having a specific resistance value higher than that of the metal workpiece and the cast molded product and a melting point higher than the boiling point of the metal workpiece and the cast molded product. preferable.

  In addition, the “cast molded product” in the present invention includes a semi-solidified molten metal.

  According to the present invention, the contact portion between the metal workpiece and the molten metal or cast product is constituted by the cavity, and energization is performed on the contact portion. Therefore, the contact portion is joined. When an oxide film is present on the surface of the metal workpiece, energization is performed through electrodes arranged at positions that cross the oxide film in the depth direction. For this reason, the said oxide film is destroyed and after all, the joined body by which the metal workpiece | work and the cast molded article were joined can be produced easily.

  Further, by performing the press molding process of the metal workpiece and the casting molding in the same mold, the molding time can be remarkably shortened and the number of molding dies can be reduced. Eventually, the production efficiency of the joined body can be improved and the capital investment can be reduced.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the method for manufacturing a joined body according to the present invention will be described in detail in relation to an apparatus for carrying out the method, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  The principal part expanded sectional view of the conjugate | zygote manufacturing apparatus 10 which concerns on this Embodiment is shown in FIG. The joined body manufacturing apparatus 10 includes a first machining center 12 and a second machining center 14 that can be moved toward and away from each other, and a first mold 16 and a second mold 18 installed in each of the first machining center 12 and the second machining center 14. And have. Of course, the first mold 16 and the second mold 18 are provided at positions facing each other, and a cavity 19 is formed when the mold is clamped.

  An electrode 20 a is embedded in the first mold 16 so as to be flush with the molding surface facing the cavity 19. As the material of the electrode 20a, a material having a higher specific resistance value than a metal workpiece MW and a molten metal described later and a higher boiling point than the melting points of the metal workpiece MW and the molten metal is selected. For example, when the material of the metal workpiece MW is aluminum, aluminum alloy, magnesium, magnesium alloy, cast iron, stainless steel, etc., and the molten metal is aluminum, cast iron, etc., tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, or two or more of these Is selected as the material of the electrode 20a.

  The first die 16 is provided with a substantially inverted L-shaped insertion hole 22a. A current-carrying columnar body 24a is inserted into the vertical extending portion of the insertion hole 22a, and the horizontal extending portion is provided with the first extending portion 16a. An electrode support 26a in which the electrode 20a is embedded is inserted. In this case, the energizing columnar body 24a and the electrode support 26a are made of copper, and the sides of the energizing columnar body 24a and the bottom of the electrode support 26a are in contact with each other.

  The energizing columnar body 24a and the electrode support 26a are provided up to the vicinity of the electrode 20a so that the refrigerant passage 28a communicates therewith. A supply tube 30a and a discharge tube 32a are connected to the refrigerant passage 28a of the energizing column 24a, and the refrigerant supplied from the supply tube 30a passes through the electrode support 26a from the energizing column 24a again. It returns to the energizing column 24a and is discharged through the discharge tube 32a.

  In the above configuration, the insulator 33a is interposed between the energizing columnar body 24a, the electrode support 26a, and the first mold 16.

  The remaining second mold 18 is configured in substantially the same manner as the first mold 16, and accordingly, the same components are denoted by b instead of the reference symbol a, and detailed description thereof is omitted. The second mold 18 is provided with a passage 34 for pouring molten metal.

  Here, a power source 38 is electrically connected to the conducting columns 24a and 24b through lead wires 36a and 36b. That is, the current supplied from the power source 38 passes through the energizing column 24a, the electrode support 26a, the electrode 20a, the metal workpiece MW, the cast product CM, the electrode 20b, the electrode support 26b, and the energizing column 24b. To flow.

  The joined body manufacturing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment is basically configured as described above. Next, the operation and effect thereof will be described in relation to the joined body manufacturing method.

  First, a mold release material is applied to the molding surfaces of the first mold 16 and the second mold 18 except for portions where the electrodes 20a and 20b are exposed. Then, the metal workpiece MW is brought into contact with the molding surface of the first mold 16. With this contact, the electrode 20a contacts the one end surface of the metal workpiece MW.

  As described above, a material having a lower specific resistance value than the electrodes 20a and 20b and a lower melting point than the boiling points of the electrodes 20a and 20b is selected as the material of the metal workpiece MW. When the electrodes 20a and 20b are made of tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, or an alloy of two or more thereof, suitable examples of the material of the metal workpiece MW include aluminum, aluminum alloy, magnesium, magnesium alloy, cast iron, Examples include stainless steel. An oxide film is spontaneously formed on the metal workpiece MW made of such a material as it comes into contact with oxygen in the atmosphere. In the present embodiment, the metal workpiece MW has a plate shape.

  Next, under the action of the first machining center 12 and the second machining center 14, the first mold 16 and the second mold 18 are brought close to each other to perform mold clamping. Thereby, the cavity 19 is formed. Even after the cavity 19 is formed, a predetermined pressing force is applied to the first mold 16 and the second mold 18.

  With this clamping, the electrodes 20a and 20b are arranged at positions that cross the depth direction of the oxide film.

  Next, molten metal is poured into the cavity 19. That is, molten metal is supplied to the cavity 19 through the passage 34. The molten metal is also a metal having a lower specific resistance value than the electrodes 20a and 20b and a lower melting point than the boiling points of the electrodes 20a and 20b, as in the case of the metal workpiece MW. Aluminum, aluminum alloy, cast iron are mentioned.

A part of the molten metal contacts the metal workpiece MW in the cavity 19. In this state, the molten metal is cooled and solidified, and a cast product CM corresponding to the shape of the cavity 19 is produced. Therefore, the portion which was in contact with the metal workpiece MW as molten metal, laminate portion L which overlap part between the metal workpiece MW and the casting CM are formed.

  Thereafter, the current supply from the power source 38 is performed in a state where a predetermined pressing force is continuously applied to the first die 16 and the second die 18 and the cast product CM is kept at a high temperature. The current flows to the energizing columnar body 24a, the electrode support 26a, and the electrode 20a through the lead wire 36a.

  Here, an oxide film is present on the surface of the metal workpiece MW. For this reason, an electric current is supplied with the electric current value of the grade which the oxide film of the metal workpiece | work MW which comprises the laminated part L is destroyed.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, a current is supplied in a state where a predetermined pressing force is continuously applied to the first mold 16 and the second mold 18. Accordingly, the electrode 20a is pressed against the metal workpiece MW and the electrode 20b is pressed against the cast molded product CM, so that a current flows relatively easily. Therefore, the current value can be lowered.

  Further, since the cast molded product CM retains high heat, heat is also transmitted to the metal workpiece MW. Thereby, the oxide film of the metal workpiece MW is easily broken even at a low current value.

  In addition, since a material having a high specific resistance is selected as the material of the electrodes 20a and 20b, not only the contact portion between the metal workpiece MW and the cast product CM but also the contact between the electrode 20a and the metal workpiece MW. Heat is also likely to be generated at the contact point and at the contact point between the cast product CM and the electrode 20b. That is, the stacked portion L is efficiently heated. This also facilitates the destruction of the oxide film of the metal workpiece MW.

  Since the metal workpiece MW is efficiently heated as described above, the breakdown current value of the oxide film can be set further lower.

  For example, the current value may be set to approximately 10,000 A. This value is remarkably low, compared to 20000 to 40000 A, which is applied to destroy the oxide film when welding an aluminum alloy.

  That is, according to the present embodiment, the current value for breaking the oxide film can be remarkably reduced as compared with the case where welding is performed. Therefore, it is advantageous in terms of cost.

  When an electric current flows from the metal workpiece MW to the cast product CM, the oxide film present on the surface of the metal workpiece MW is finally destroyed. That is, no oxide film is interposed between the base of the metal workpiece MW and the cast product CM. In other words, with the destruction of the oxide film, the exposed base in the metal workpiece MW comes into contact with the cast molded product CM, so that the metal workpiece MW and the cast molded product CM are robust. To be joined. The electric current further returns to the power source 38 via the lead wire 36b via the electrode 20b, the electrode support 26b, and the energizing columnar body 24b.

  In addition, since the mold release material which is an insulator is apply | coated to each molding surface of the 1st type | mold 16 and the 2nd type | mold 18, an electric current does not disperse | distribute on a molding surface. In addition, since the insulators 33a and 33b are interposed between the current-carrying columnar bodies 24a and 24b and the electrode supports 26a and 26b and the first mold 16 and the second mold 18, the current flows in the first mold 16 or There is no dispersion in the second mold 18.

  Since the electrodes 20a and 20b are made of a material having a higher melting point than the boiling point of the molten metal, the electrode 20a and the metal workpiece MW or the cast product CM and the electrode 20b are energized while being energized. As a result of solid diffusion, alloying is remarkably suppressed.

  With the energization as described above, the laminated portion L of the metal workpiece MW and the cast product CM is joined, and a joined body is obtained. During the energization, cooling water or the like is circulated through the refrigerant passages 28a and 28b, thereby suppressing the temperature of the energizing columnar bodies 24a and 24b and the electrode support bodies 26a and 26b from excessively rising. The

  In FIG. 2, the joining site | part in this conjugate | zygote is shown. In FIG. 2, the shaded portions are portions that are energized through the electrodes 20a and 20b.

  In the laminated portion L sandwiched between the electrodes 20a and 20b, the metal workpiece MW and the cast product CM are integrally joined, and no interface is recognized between the members MW and CM. This means that the oxide film is removed from the metal workpiece MW by energization, and the metal workpiece MW is firmly joined to the cast product CM.

  In the above-described embodiment, the energization is started after the molten metal is solidified and becomes the cast product CM. However, the energization is started before the molten metal is solidified after the pouring is finished. May be.

  Further, in this embodiment, the cast molded product CM is joined to the plate-shaped metal workpiece MW without performing any plastic deformation processing. However, the metal workpiece MW is subjected to press molding processing to be plastic. The deformed metal workpiece MW and the cast product CM may be joined with the mold used at this time. This case will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic overall perspective view of a joined body manufacturing apparatus 50 according to another embodiment. The joined body manufacturing apparatus 50 includes a pedestal mold 52 provided with a passage 51, a first mold 54 and a second mold 56 that can approach and separate from each other under the action of a machining center (not shown), and the first mold 54 and the second mold 56. The second die 56 has a rear die 58 located in the rear in FIG. 3 and a front die (not shown) located in front of the first die 54 and the second die 56. That is, the first mold 54 and the second mold 56 are sandwiched between the rear mold 58 and the front mold, thereby forming the cavity 60.

  In addition, electrodes 62 a and 62 b are provided on the molding surfaces of the first mold 54 and the second mold 56, respectively. Preferable examples of the material of the electrodes 62a and 62b include tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, or two or more kinds of alloys thereof, like the electrodes 20a and 20b. These electrodes 62a and 62b are electrically connected to a power source 66 through lead wires 64a and 64b.

  An insulator (not shown) is interposed between the electrodes 62a and 62b and the first mold 54 and the second mold 56, so that current flows from the electrodes 62a and 62b to the first mold 54 and the second mold 56. Flow is prevented.

  In this joined body manufacturing apparatus 50, for example, a plate-shaped metal workpiece MW made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy is supported by a first die 54, and a first die 54, a second die 56, and a rear die under the action of the machining center. 58 and the front mold come close to each other and are clamped. Along with this, press forming is applied to the plate-shaped metal workpiece MW, and the metal workpiece MW is deformed into a bent body having two bent portions.

  Next, molten metal such as aluminum or aluminum alloy is poured into the cavity 60 from the passage 51. In this case, the molten metal is poured to a position where one end of the molten metal contacts one end of the deformed metal workpiece MW.

  Thereafter, the molten metal is cooled and solidified, whereby a cast product CM having a shape corresponding to the cavity 60 is obtained. Further, a laminated portion L of the cast molded product CM and the metal workpiece MW is formed at a portion where the molten metal and the metal workpiece MW are in contact with each other.

  Thereafter, if energization is performed in accordance with the above-described embodiment, the laminated portion L is joined through a similar process such that the oxide film of the metal workpiece MW is destroyed by the current, and the joining as shown in FIG. A part and by extension, a joined body will be obtained. Of course, even in this case, the current value may be about 10,000 amperes. Further, it is possible to suppress the alloying from proceeding between the electrodes 62a and 62b and the stacked portion L.

  According to this embodiment, it is possible to use both a mold for press molding and a mold for casting. Accordingly, since the number of molds to be prepared is reduced, the capital investment is significantly reduced. And since the time until obtaining a joined body is shortened, the production efficiency of a joined body improves.

  In this embodiment, as in the above embodiment, the electrodes 62a and 62b are embedded in the first mold 54 and the second mold 56, and the power source 66 is connected via a conductor and lead wires 64a and 64b (not shown). You may make it electrically connect to. Even in this case, an insulator may be interposed between the electrodes 62 a and 62 b and the conductor and the first mold 54 and the second mold 56.

  Also in this embodiment, it goes without saying that energization may be started before the molten metal solidifies.

  Furthermore, the present invention can be employed not only when joining metal workpieces MW having an oxide film, but also when joining metal workpieces of various materials.

  Then, without embedding the electrodes 20a, 20b, 62a, 62b in the first molds 16, 54 and the second molds 18, 56, the first molds 16, 54, the second molds 18, 56 and the external power supply are electrically connected. The first molds 16 and 54 and the second molds 18 and 56 may be energized from the external power source at the time of bonding.

It is a principal part expanded sectional view of the conjugate | zygote manufacturing apparatus which concerns on this Embodiment. It is a principal part enlarged view of the junction part of the obtained joined body. It is a general | schematic whole perspective view of the conjugate | zygote manufacturing apparatus which concerns on another embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10, 50 ... Assembly manufacturing apparatus 12, 14 ... Machining center 16, 18, 54, 56 ... Type | mold 19,60 ... Cavity 20a, 20b, 62a, 62b ... Electrode 28a, 28b ... Refrigerant channel | path 33a, 33b ... Insulator 34, 51 ... Passage 38, 66 ... Power supply CM ... Cast molding L ... Laminate part MW ... Metal workpiece

Claims (12)

A manufacturing method of a joined body for producing a joined body in which a first member and a second member are joined,
Accommodating the first member in a cavity provided in a mold;
Pouring molten metal into the cavity and forming the second member;
Joining the contact parts by energizing each contact part of the first member and the second member;
A method for producing a joined body, comprising:   The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the energization is performed in the mold. A manufacturing method of a joined body for producing a joined body in which a metal workpiece and a cast molded product are joined,
Forming a cavity with the first mold and the second mold in which electrodes are arranged on the molding surface and accommodating a metal workpiece in the cavity;
Pouring molten metal into the cavity;
A laminated portion of the molten metal and the metal workpiece interposed between the first type electrode and the second type electrode, or a laminated portion of the cast product and the metal workpiece solidified by the molten metal. A step of providing a joined body by joining the laminated parts by energizing the electrodes so that a current flows through any of
A method for producing a joined body, comprising:   The manufacturing method according to claim 3, wherein the molten metal is poured after the metal workpiece is press-formed with the first mold and the second mold.   5. The manufacturing method according to claim 3, wherein the material of the electrode has a higher specific resistance value than the metal workpiece and the cast product, and a melting point of the metal workpiece and the cast product. A method for producing a joined body, characterized by using a substance that is higher than the above.   6. The manufacturing method according to claim 3, wherein the metal workpiece has an oxide film on a surface thereof.   The manufacturing method according to claim 6, wherein energization is performed between the electrodes so that a current flows across the thickness direction of the oxide film. A joined body manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a joined body of a first member and a second member to be molded,
A molding die having a shape that forms a laminated portion of the first member and the second member, and a housing portion that houses the first member and a molding portion that molds the second member ,
A power source electrically connected to the electrodes provided in the mold;
Have
It said electrodes, high resistivity compared to the first member and the second member, and the melting point is composed of a material high in comparison with the boiling point of the first member and the second member together,
The electrode includes the first member accommodated in the accommodating portion and the molten metal for obtaining the second member accommodated in the forming portion, or the second member in which the molten metal is solidified. An apparatus for manufacturing a joined body , wherein the laminated part is provided at a position sandwiched from the lamination direction so that a current flows through the laminated part . A joined body manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a joined body of a metal workpiece and a cast molded product,
A first mold in which an electrode is disposed on the molding surface and the metal workpiece is accommodated ;
A second mold in which an electrode is disposed on the molding surface and a molten metal for pouring the cast molded product is poured ;
A power source electrically connected to the first type electrode and the second type electrode;
Have
A passage for pouring molten metal into the cavity formed by the first mold and the second mold is provided;
The electrode is made of a material having a specific resistance value higher than that of the metal workpiece and the cast molded product and a melting point higher than the boiling point of the metal workpiece and the cast molded product ,
The electrode, the metal workpiece previously accommodated in the first mold, the molten metal for obtaining the cast molded article accommodated in the second mold, or the cast molded article in which the molten metal is solidified; An apparatus for manufacturing a joined body , wherein the laminated part is provided at a position sandwiched from the lamination direction so that a current flows through the laminated part where the two layers are laminated . The apparatus according to claim 9 , wherein the first mold and the second mold also serve as a press-molding mold. The apparatus according to claim 9 or 10 , wherein the metal workpiece has an oxide film on a surface thereof. The apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 11 , wherein the electrode is disposed at a position where an electric current flows across the thickness direction of the oxide film.

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