JP5027638B2 - Bed leaving alarm device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention sends living body information and operation information such as inpatients on bedding such as futons and beds to a nursing room etc., and uses these information to determine the state of a person, The present invention relates to improvements in the state determination device for people that are intended to enhance nursing and improve safety, and in particular, quickly and accurately discriminate the movement of a hospitalized resident from getting out of bed or preparing for getting out of bed. The present invention relates to an alarm device for getting out of bed.

  Applicants can automatically and accurately determine the normal or abnormal state of a person using an ultrasonic vibration detection sensor first, and notify caregivers and nurses to further enhance care and nursing activities. Has been developed and disclosed as Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-216006.

  FIG. 10 shows an application example of the human state discriminating apparatus according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-216006. The human state discriminating apparatus includes an ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A attached to a bed C and a cable 24. And an ultrasonic transmission / reception control unit D connected to the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A via the.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 11, the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A is composed of a container body 21, a liquid 22, an ultrasonic vibrator 23, etc., and an ultrasonic wave input from the ultrasonic transmission / reception control unit D via a cable 24. When the signal a is input to the ultrasonic transducer 23, an ultrasonic signal c is transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer 23, and the ultrasonic signal c is reflected by the liquid surface 22a, so that the reflected ultrasonic wave d is generated. Received by the ultrasonic transducer 23, the ultrasonic reception signal b is input to the ultrasonic transmission / reception control unit D via the cable 24.

  Further, the ultrasonic transmission / reception control unit D is formed of an ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 26, a signal conversion unit 27, a microcomputer unit 28, and the like, and by transmitting a transmission pulse signal ap from the microcomputer unit 28, An ultrasonic input signal a is transmitted from the ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 26, and an ultrasonic reception signal b is input to the ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 26, whereby a reception signal (detection signal) bp is input to the microcomputer unit 28. The

  The microcomputer unit 28 plots the maximum amplitude value, normalizes the time series data, calculates the standard deviation value, and performs high speed based on the maximum amplitude value of the received signal bp input at every predetermined time interval. Performs predetermined processing such as Fourier transform processing, risk calculation, and determination of a person's condition by comparing the calculated risk and a set value, and abnormal human condition (for example, abnormal heart rate, Report abnormalities) to nurses and caregivers.

  The human state discriminating apparatus according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-216006 can relatively accurately grasp the state of an inpatient in a hospital or a nursing facility from a remote location and can concentrate on a large number of beds. The management system can be constructed at a relatively low cost and has an excellent practical utility.

  By the way, in recent years, in hospitals and nursing homes that house and care for many patients with dementia, wheelchairs, bedridden patients, etc., in addition to so-called medical technical accidents, the fall of hospitalized residents, falling from beds, Accidents other than medical technology such as withdrawal tend to occur frequently. Therefore, from the viewpoint of reducing the burden on caregivers and nurses and ensuring the safety of hospitalized residents, it is an urgent issue to establish measures to effectively prevent accidents such as falls, falls, and withdrawal from facilities. It is said that.

  Thus, in order to prevent accidents such as the fall or fall of the above-mentioned inpatients, leaving from the facility, etc., the behavior of the inpatients before the accident, that is, the step of leaving the bed or the stage before leaving By detecting the rising motion on the bed, which is the motion, at an early stage, reporting to the nurse and the facility staff, and the nurse and staff rushing to the bed for assistance, the hospitalized resident alone can complete the bed Must be prevented as much as possible.

  On the other hand, in the human state discriminating apparatus according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-216006, the human state is determined through detection of vibrations of the bed or the like by the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A. Therefore, a normal turning action on the bed of a so-called in-sleeping resident and a preliminary action for getting out of the bed (that is, raising the upper body or changing the body direction toward the bedside) As a result, it is difficult to accurately detect the bed movement of the inpatient. This is because in both operations, the vibration of the bed is relatively large and the detection signal has a similar vibration state.

(A) of FIG. 12 shows an example of typical vibration detection data by this kind of ultrasonic vibration detection sensor attached to the bed, where the Q portion is a vibration state due to turning over and the S portion is the upper body before leaving the bed. The vibration state at the time of getting up, the U portion indicates a resting state, and the X portion indicates a bed leaving state, respectively.
Similarly, (b) of FIG. 12 shows another example of the vibration detection data, where the Q part indicates the turnover behavior and the S part indicates the position of the preliminary bed leaving action before leaving the bed. .

  This is a phenomenon that often occurs when an in-hospital resident is lying in bed, but the amplitude of the vibration to detect the bed leaving action determined from the conventional data set in the amplitude range continues for a certain period of time. As is apparent from the comparison between the Q portion and the S portion in FIG. 12B, there is a case where the vibration amplitude and the duration are the same at a general threshold value. Therefore, it is extremely difficult to accurately distinguish between turning over and getting up in the upper body before leaving the bed. Furthermore, it is almost impossible to distinguish between “turning over” and “turning over to the bedside to leave the bed”. As a result, as described above, hospitalization during preliminary operation for getting out of bed is possible. The problem remains that the state change of the resident cannot be detected accurately.

JP 2004-216006 A

  The present invention relates to the above-described problem in the state determination apparatus of a conventional person, that is, the detection signal of the turning operation during the sleeping of the inpatient on the bed by the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor, and the preliminary operation of the separation from the bed Because it is not possible to accurately determine the detection signal of the bedside turnover and upper body rising motion as a bedside, this is done at the stage of getting out before the inpatient completely leaves the bed. It is difficult to detect the occurrence of an accident such as a fall, and as a result, it is intended to solve the problem that an ultrasonic vibration detection sensor, a pressure vibration detection sensor, By using this together, we will provide a bed warning device that can quickly and reliably separate the vibration caused by the preliminary movement before leaving the hospital and the vibration caused by normal rollover. Than is.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention of claim 1 of the present application comprises a bed alarm device comprising a container main body, a liquid stored in the container main body, and an ultrasonic vibrator disposed in the container main body. An ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A for detecting vibration caused by human biological activity, two synthetic resin thin plates, and an appropriate length sandwiched and fixed between the two thin plates, and An air pressure detection sensor B comprising an elastic tube having one end closed, and a pressure detector connected to the other end of the elastic tube, and detecting an air pressure generated by laying on a bed or bedding and adding a person's weight; A control device E that receives the detection signal bp from the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A and the detection signal ep from the air pressure detection sensor B, and outputs both the detection signals bp and ep to the data communication circuit H, and the control device From E The detection signals bp and ep are input, the detection signal bp from the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A is set to a predetermined threshold value, and the detection signal ep from the air pressure detection sensor B is set to the threshold value from a value exceeding the predetermined threshold value. It is composed of an arithmetic control device F that issues an alarm informing the in-patient resident's bed leaving operation or preliminary operation for getting out when the value becomes lower.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the maximum amplitude of the detection signal bp from the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A is set to 1000, the predetermined threshold value for the detection signal bp is set to 450, and the air pressure detection sensor The maximum amplitude of the detection signal ep from B is set to 1000, and a predetermined threshold for the detection signal ep is set to 250.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the arithmetic control unit F is capable of determining the state of rest, sleep, abnormality, etc. of an inpatient based on the detection signal bp from the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A. The apparatus F is used.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the elastic tube of the air pressure detection sensor B is a rubber tube having a rubber hardness of 40 to 100, an outer diameter of 5 to 10 mm, and an inner diameter of 3 to 8 mm. It is a thing.

  In the present invention, the vibration of the bed caused by the operation of the inpatient is detected by the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor, and the change in the operation of the inpatient is detected by the air pressure detection sensor. Because it is configured to detect the preliminary movement of the inpatient before leaving the bed, that is, the rising motion of the upper body on the bed or futon, the preparatory movement for leaving the inpatient more reliably (the movement at the stage before leaving the bed) ) Can be detected. As a result, inpatients can be reliably prevented from leaving the bed and the like, and accidents such as falling in the cage, falling from the bed, and leaving the facility can be greatly reduced.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an overall system diagram of a bed warning device according to the present invention, and shows a device that can perform both human state determination and bed warning. That is, the bed leaving alarm device includes an ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A attached to the bed, an air pressure detection sensor B laid on the mat C _{1 of the} bed C, and a control device for the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A and the air pressure detection sensor B. E, an arithmetic and control unit F installed in a central control room such as a nurse room, signal cables K ₁ and K ₂ connecting the detection sensors A and B and the control unit E, and a control unit E provided in each patient room A system that can provide a human state discrimination device and a bed leaving alarm from a data communication circuit H and a LAN circuit L that connect between the CPU and the arithmetic control device F of the central control room, and a PLC (programmable logic controller) P that is provided in the LAN circuit. It is configured. M is a hospitalized resident on the bed C.

  Since the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A has the same structure as the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor shown in FIG. 10, the description of the structure is omitted here.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the air pressure detection sensor B has a hardness of 7 mm outer diameter × 5 mm inner diameter between two flexible plastic (polypropylene) sheets 1 (150 mm × 200 mm, thickness 0.75 mm). A tube 2 having a circular cross section made of 40 to 100 rubber is disposed, and the tube 2 is sandwiched and bonded between both sheets 1 and 1.

  Moreover, the said tube 2 is arrange | positioned horizontally over four steps like FIG. 2, and the space | interval of each tube 2 is selected as 40 mm.

Further, a so-called pressure detector B ₁ is fixed to one end opening of the tube 2, and the other end of the tube 2 is sealed with a stopper (not shown).
The outer peripheral edges of both plastic sheets 1 and 1 are fixed by adhesion. In addition, the outer dimensions of the sheets 1 and 1 can be arbitrarily selected. However, in the case where the rising of the upper body of the inpatient is detected as in the present invention, the size is about 200 to 300 mm × 300 to 500 mm. Is enough.

  In this embodiment, the rubber tube 2 having a hardness of 40 to 100 is used, but any material may be used as long as it has elasticity. The outer and inner diameters of the tube 2 and the length of the tube 2 are the same. Even a thin pipe with an outer diameter of 3.5 mm and an inner diameter of 2 mm can be used, and the length of the pipe can be appropriately selected between about 800 to 2000 mm. It is. Also, the arrangement form of the pipes 2 can be freely selected between 2 to 10 stages, and the arrangement direction of the pipes may be the vertical arrangement.

The pressure detector B ₁ detects a change in pressure applied to the tube 2 (that is, a change in internal pressure due to elastic strain of the tube 2), and outputs this as an electrical output ep, and uses a piezoelectric ceramic. Although it may have a configuration or a configuration using a condenser microphone, a pressure resolution of 5 kPa or more is desirable.

As shown in FIG. 4, the control device E provided for each bed C in each hospital room includes a mechanism of the transmission / reception unit 26 and signal conversion unit 27 of the conventional ultrasonic transmission / reception control device D, and a pressure detector of the air pressure detection sensor B. The filter device 29 for the electric signal eb ′ from B ₁ and the signal converter (A / D) 30 are integrally assembled, and the arithmetic control device from the control device E through the data communication circuit H and the LAN circuit. An output bp of the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A and an output ep of the air pressure detection sensor B are transmitted to F, and an ultrasonic transmission pulse signal ap is input from the arithmetic control device F to the control device E.

In the present embodiment, the FKS-111 type supersensitive air pressure sensor manufactured by Fuji Ceramics Co., Ltd. is used as the pressure detector B ₁ of the air pressure detection sensor B, and the Japanese medical equipment is used as the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A. ANC-01 type sensors manufactured by Co., Ltd. are used.
In the present invention, as will be described later, a person's heart rate, breathing, turning over, getting out of bed, etc. (operating state) is discriminated using a detection signal from the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A. However, it is needless to say that each operation state may be determined using the detection signal ep from the air pressure detection sensor B.

Next, the operation of the bed leaving alarm device according to the present invention will be described.
Referring to FIG. 1, the ultrasonic reception signal b from the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A attached to the bed C is converted into a digital signal by the control device E, and is transmitted through the data communication line H to the arithmetic control device F. Input to the arithmetic control unit Fa, where the data processing as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-216006 is performed, thereby determining normality or abnormality of human sleep, turning over, getting out of bed, heartbeat, pulse, etc. Is done. In addition, data of each hospitalized resident M and the like are displayed on the display unit Fb as appropriate and printed out. Furthermore, necessary information is transferred to the nurse call unit via the PLC.
In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the number of monitoring target beds C is two, but it is needless to say that about 1 to 36 places may be sequentially switched.

The output signal ep from the pressure detector B ₁ of the air pressure detection sensor B is the same, and is input from the control device E to the arithmetic control device F through the data communication circuit H.

  Thus, in the present invention, the pressure detection signal ep from the air pressure detection sensor B input to the arithmetic control device F is used to detect the preliminary movement (ie, the standing action of the upper body) of the inpatient before leaving the bed. Specifically, the detection signal (reception signal) bp from the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A and the detection signal ep from the pressure sensor are compared, and the sum of the fluctuation ranges of both amplitude values is the maximum. A warning or other necessary signal is transmitted when the hospitalized resident M wakes up and enters preparations for getting out of bed.

FIG. 5 shows a detection signal bp of the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A in the embodiment of FIG. 1 when the hospitalized resident M enters a preparation operation for getting out of bed (that is, when he / she hangs up). An example of the detection signal ep of the air pressure detection sensor B is shown. The detection signal bp of the vibration detection sensor A is because the vibration of the bed C increases when the hospitalized resident M raises the upper body on the bed C. The amplitude value increases.
On the other hand, the detection signal ep of the air pressure detection sensor B causes the internal pressure in the elastic tube 2 of the air pressure detection sensor B to decrease as the hospitalized resident M raises the upper body. As a result, the output of the pressure detection signal ep The amplitude value decreases.
As a result, the detection signal bp greatly fluctuates on the + side and the detection signal ep fluctuates on the − side, and the sum of the fluctuation widths of both becomes the maximum value. In the present invention, when the maximum value is reached, a bed leaving alarm is transmitted.

  6 (a) and 6 (b) show the output bp of the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A and the air pressure detection sensor between 20:00 and 6:00 when the hospitalized resident M is sleeping on the bed C. It is a diagram showing an example of the detection output ep of B. In (a) and (b) of FIG. 6, □ indicates the time position when the in-hospital resident's getting-off action was confirmed visually, and ○ indicates an alarm is generated Each time position is shown.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6A, false alarms are issued at 23:30 and 4:30, respectively, and alarm leakage occurs at about 5:10.
In order to reduce false alarms and alarm leakage and optimally output a bed warning, it is necessary to accurately set thresholds for the outputs bp and ap of the sensors A and B. Therefore, in the case where a bed vibration is obtained during bedtime of a hospitalized resident at a certain hospital, the vibration generated when leaving the bed is confirmed, and a bed warning is issued between the air pressure detection sensor B and the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A. The threshold was examined.

FIG. 6B shows an example in the case where false alarms and alarm omissions are eliminated by adjusting the threshold setting. In FIG. 6A, □ is an alarm position where it is visually determined that the inpatient has prepared for getting out of bed, and ◯ is 500 for the air pressure detection sensor B and 500 for the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A. This is the alarm generation position when the threshold value is. As apparent from FIG. 6B, by setting the threshold value of the air pressure detection sensor B to 250 and the threshold value of the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A to 450, the generation of false alarms and leak alarms is eliminated.

FIG. 7 shows the number of alarm leaks for the alarm transmission threshold of the air pressure detection sensor B when the alarm oscillation threshold of the vibration detection sensor A is 400, 450, 500, and FIG. 8 shows the number of false alarms. It is. Such an examination is performed based on data obtained from several hospitals. From the results, in this embodiment, a specific threshold value for issuing an alarm as described above is set to 250 for the air pressure detection sensor B. The ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A is set to 450, and when the threshold value 250 and the threshold value 450 are under the conditions as shown in FIGS. An alarm is given that the previous preliminary action has been entered.
In FIG. 7 and the like, if there is no alarm at the visual judgment alarm position when the threshold values of the air pressure detection sensor B and the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A are changed, the alarm is leaked. When there was an alarm, each threshold was examined as a false alarm. Here, as the threshold value, the maximum vibration amplitude of the detection outputs bp and ep of both sensors A and B is set to 1000, and each threshold value is determined based on this.

  That is, as shown in FIGS. 9 (a) and 9 (b), the detection output ep of the air detection sensor B is that the value in the previous step of sending an alarm exceeds the threshold value. When the alarm is issued for the preliminary operation before leaving or leaving the floor, the detection output bp of the vibration detection sensor A exceeds the threshold value, and the detection output ep of the air pressure detection sensor crosses from above to below. An alarm will be sent.

  In the present invention, in addition to the above, as shown in (c) of FIG. 9, alarm standby by holding time t is added as one of the alarm transmission conditions, and the detection output bp has a threshold value. If it exceeds, the holding time t is set to 1 point, and an alarm is also generated when the detection output ep falls below the threshold during that period.

  The present invention can be applied not only to nursing care facilities and hospitals for hospitalized residents and the like, but also to general hospitals and the like for children and adults.

It is a whole system diagram which shows the use condition of the bed leaving alarm apparatus of this invention. 3 is a plan view of an air pressure detection sensor B. FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 is a configuration system diagram of a control device E. FIG. The change state when the hospitalized resident of the detection signal bp of the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A and the detection signal ap of the air pressure detection sensor B wakes up is shown. (A), (b) shows an example of each output vibration of the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A and the air pressure detection sensor B between 20:00 and 6:00 while the hospitalized resident M is sleeping on the bed C It is. It is a diagram which shows the relationship between the alarm transmission threshold value of the air pressure detection sensor B, and an alarm leak when the alarm transmission threshold value of the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A is 400, 450, 500. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the alarm transmission threshold value of the air pressure detection sensor B and the number of false alarms under the same conditions as in FIG. 7, where (a) shows a case where a false alarm has occurred, and (b) shows a case where no false alarm has occurred. Respectively. (A), (b) shows an example in the case of making an alarm determination from the threshold value of each detection output bp · ep, and (c) adds an alarm standby by holding time to the condition for alarm transmission. An example of alarm determination in the case is shown. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a human state determination device according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-216006. It is structure explanatory drawing of the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor which concerns on Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2004-216006. The relationship between the motion of a typical inpatient on a bed by the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A and vibration data is shown.

Explanation of symbols

a Ultrasonic input signal b Ultrasonic reception signal c Ultrasonic signal d Reflected ultrasonic wave ap Transmission pulse signal bp Received signal from ultrasonic vibration detection sensor (detection signal)
ep Pressure detection signal from air pressure detection sensor A Ultrasonic vibration detection sensor B Air pressure detection sensor B ₁ Pressure detector C Head C ₁ mat mat E Controller F Arithmetic controller Fa Calculation controller Fb Display Fc Memory K ₁ K ₂ cable M hospitalized resident H data communication circuit L LAN circuit P PLC
T bed leaving alarm point 1 plastic thin plate 2 elastic tube 26 ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 27 signal conversion unit 29 filter device 30 signal converter

Claims (4)

An ultrasonic vibration detection sensor comprising a container main body, a liquid stored in the container main body, and an ultrasonic vibrator disposed in the container main body, and is fixed to a bed or a bedding and detects vibration caused by human biological activity. A, two synthetic resin thin plates, an elastic tube having an appropriate length sandwiched and fixed between the two thin plates and having one end closed, and a pressure detector connected to the other end of the elastic tube, And a detection signal bp from the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A and a detection signal from the air pressure detection sensor B. The air pressure detection sensor B detects the air pressure generated by adding the weight of a person laid on a bed or bedding. ep is input, the control device E that outputs both the detection signals bp and ep to the data communication circuit H, and the detection signals bp and ep from the control device E are input and from the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A Detection When the signal bp exceeds a predetermined threshold value and the detection signal ep from the air pressure detection sensor B becomes a value lower than the threshold value from a value exceeding the predetermined threshold value , ambulation alarm device, wherein the arithmetic control unit F for issuing an alarm indicating the preliminary operation, that was formed from. The maximum amplitude of the detection signal bp from the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A is set to 1000, the predetermined threshold for the detection signal bp is set to 450, and the maximum amplitude of the detection signal ep from the air pressure detection sensor B is set to 1000. The bed leaving alarm device according to claim 1, wherein a predetermined threshold value for the detection signal ep is set to 250 . The bed leaving alarm device according to claim 1, wherein the arithmetic control device F is an arithmetic control device F capable of determining a state of rest, sleep, abnormality, etc. of an inpatient based on a detection signal bp from the ultrasonic vibration detection sensor A. The bed leaving alarm device according to claim 1 , wherein the elastic tube of the air pressure detection sensor B is a rubber tube having a rubber hardness of 40 to 100, an outer diameter of 5 to 10 mm, and an inner diameter of 3 to 8 mm.

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