JP5020797B2 - Stair support - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a stair support used when attaching a step board of a stair.

  Most buildings have a hierarchical structure in order to make effective use of limited sites, and in addition to two-story buildings in general houses, three-story buildings are beginning to spread mainly in urban areas. As described above, a building composed of a plurality of hierarchies requires steps for smoothly moving between upper and lower floors, and a wooden structure having a structure as shown in FIG. 8 is widely used. In this staircase, two side girders are arranged between the upper and lower floors, and treads are installed so as to connect the left and right side girders. Such a structure is a simple form in which a flat plate is cut into a predetermined shape and combined, and it is easy to manufacture and install, can control costs, and there is no problem in strength if an appropriate plate thickness is secured. . In addition, since safety | security falls when the space | interval between an upper and lower tread is open | released, the board which closes this is often attached.

The staircase shown in FIG. 8 has a very high degree of freedom, and the mounting angle of the side girders is flexible. For example, by increasing the inclination of the side girders, the safety of the staircase is reduced, but the occupied area is minimized. It can be used effectively and can be used effectively, and it is still widely used today. Technical development related to stairs is being promoted at various locations, and the following patent documents are listed as examples. Patent Document 1 aims to securely fix the side girders, and the side girders are fixed to the wall via fixed hardware. In addition, Patent Document 2 uses a mounting bracket made up of a triangular vertical piece that goes into the recess of the girder and a horizontal piece that supports the treadle, making it easy to install and secure strength, and is compatible with various designs. It is characterized by being able to do it.
JP 7-279342 A JP 2006-322304 A

  Since houses are used every decades, they will deteriorate over time and the living environment of residents may change significantly. Renovations will be made as necessary. In this case, there are various types, from small ones that are limited to the outer wall and water, to large ones that completely change the floor plan of the room. However, since the staircase shown in FIG. 8 supports the load acting on the tread board and the like with two rows of side girders, it is difficult to install the staircase unless there are members such as beams for fixing the side girders in the vicinity. When relocating stairs, it is necessary to make the work time as short as possible during construction because it will cause inconvenience to residents.

  In addition, the building does not have to simply function as a place of life or work, it tends to reflect the interests and preferences of the construction owner, and there is a demand for something unique that impresses visitors Persistent. For this reason, there is a demand for staircases that are not only functional and safe, but also have excellent aesthetics, and the stairs installed in the atrium structure are particularly prominent, so it is necessary to pay sufficient attention to aesthetics. Become.

  The present invention has been developed on the basis of such circumstances, and aims to provide a stair supporter that can be installed at any location, can reduce the working time during construction, and is also aesthetically pleasing.

  Invention of Claim 1 for solving the said subject is a staircase support tool for attaching a tread board to a vertical surface, and presses a tread board to the above-mentioned mounting tool which supports the one end part of a tread board, and a tread board A pressing plate, a fastening bolt screwed into a female screw formed on the vertical surface, and a fixing bolt for attaching the pressing plate to the mounting tool, wherein the mounting tool is in contact with the vertical surface and The vertical plate inserted into the recess formed on the end surface of the tread plate, the horizontal plate that protrudes horizontally from the vicinity of the center of the vertical plate to support the lower surface of the tread plate, and the side surface of the vertical plate and the lower surface of the horizontal plate are inclined A horizontal hole for inserting a fastening bolt is formed on the contact surface of the vertical plate that contacts the inner surface of the recess, and a fixing bolt is formed on the upper surface of the vertical plate. Screw holes are formed, and the pressing plate is placed on the upper surface of the vertical plate. And for pressing the footplate, than the vertical plates are pushed out to the outside, a stepped support, characterized in that it is formed locking holes for further inserting the fixing bolts.

  The present invention is for mounting the treads constituting the stairs in a cantilever manner on a vertical surface such as a wall, and is not a structure in which a plurality of treads are supported by left and right side girders, but individual treads one by one on a vertical surface. It is a structure to attach. The present invention is roughly divided into four points: a mounting tool, a pressing plate, a fastening bolt, and a fixing bolt, and the mounting tool has a function of supporting the tread. Specifically, it is composed of a vertical plate that extends in the vertical direction and contacts a vertical surface such as a wall, a horizontal plate that extends in the horizontal direction and supports the footboard, and a reinforcing material that prevents these deformations. However, the vertical plate and the horizontal plate are not integrated in an L shape, but the horizontal plate protrudes from the center of the vertical plate when viewed from the side, and the T-shape is laid sideways. Integrated in shape. In addition, about a foot board, it is necessary to form the recessed part which notched a part of end surface by the side of the side supported. Further, the material of the footboard is not limited to wood including laminated material, and glass, metal, hard resin, and the like can be freely selected as long as a concave portion can be formed.

  The vertical plate, which is a component of the mounting tool, is used by being inserted into a recess processed on one end surface of the tread plate. Therefore, the width of the vertical plate is shorter than the depth of the foot plate, and the back surface parallel to the end surface of the foot plate in the recess is in contact with the side surface of the vertical plate, but the two surfaces orthogonal to the end surface of the foot plate are not necessarily vertical. There is no need to contact the board. In addition, about the vertical board, the location which contacts the inner surface of a recessed part is prescribed | regulated as a contact surface, and in order to insert a fastening bolt, the horizontal hole which penetrates a vertical board in the horizontal direction is formed in this surface. For fastening bolts, it is preferable to use a plurality of mounting tools for securing the strength, and in order to prevent interference between the fastening bolt head and the tread board, either on the contact surface or the tread board, Measures such as providing counterbore holes are required. The female screw with which the fastening bolt is screwed is formed by a method such as embedding a nut at a predetermined position on the vertical surface.

  The horizontal plate plays the role of receiving the load of passersby by placing the lower surface of the tread plate, but its length (corresponding to the width direction of the stairs) does not need to cover the entire tread plate, only around one end of the tread plate Can be supported, and it may be about 20 to 50% of the tread. Further, the width of the horizontal plate (in the depth direction of the tread plate) is the same as that of the vertical plate inserted into the recess, and inevitably becomes smaller than the tread plate. Since a large vertical load acts on this horizontal plate, it is necessary to provide a reinforcing part that connects the vertical plate and the horizontal plate in the oblique direction to prevent excessive deformation, but the specific shape is free. Although it may be formed in the entire depth direction of the horizontal plate, a thin plate may be arranged at regular intervals.

  The pressing plate is for pressing and fixing the tread plate from above, and is attached to the upper surface of the vertical plate via a fixing bolt. The pressing plate protrudes from the vertical plate and comes into contact with the tread plate to prevent the tread plate from being lifted. However, the pressing plate is miniaturized as much as possible without causing a problem in terms of strength so as not to interfere with the passerby. However, the boundary between the recess of the tread plate and the vertical plate of the mounting tool must be completely covered from the viewpoint of aesthetics, and the entire surface excluding the vertical surface side protrudes outside the upper surface of the vertical plate of the vertical plate. Yes. Note that the upper surface of the vertical plate needs to be the same height as the upper surface of the tread plate or slightly lower than the upper surface of the tread plate so that the pressing plate can reliably contact the tread plate.

  With this configuration, individual footboards can be installed on a vertical surface such as a wall in a cantilevered manner, so there is no need to place left and right side girders as in the past, even when there are no strong beams in the vicinity. , Stairs can be installed. Moreover, after the parts are individually transported to the site, the installation is completed by simple operations such as tightening fastening bolts and fixing bolts.

  The invention described in claim 2 limits the shape of the pressing plate, and the pressing plate has a length capable of connecting a plurality of mounting tools arranged in the horizontal direction. There is no problem with using only a single footboard on a single footboard. However, when the depth of the footboard is exceptionally large, such as at a landing, the multiple footholds are lined up to support the footboard. There is a case. At this time, the pressing plate may be individually disposed for each mounting tool, but may be disposed so as to straddle adjacent mounting tools by using a long pressing plate as in the present invention. . By comprising in this way, even when the recessed part processed into the end surface of a footboard becomes long so that a some mounting tool can be inserted, the whole recessed part is block | closed with a press plate.

  As in the first aspect of the present invention, by supporting the tread plate in a cantilever manner using a mounting tool or the like, the conventional side girders become unnecessary, and the wall surface of the concrete can be used even in places where no members such as beams are present in the vicinity. If there is a vertical surface with a predetermined strength, such as a steel frame or a steel frame, staircases can be installed in various places, and large-scale remodeling can be easily realized. In addition, there is no need for long members such as side girders, and there is no need for troublesome transportation to the site. In addition, there are mainly simple tasks such as assembling treads and fastening bolts. Work time can be shortened, the impact on residents can be kept to a minimum, and construction costs can be reduced. Furthermore, the present invention is a structure in which individual footboards are cantilevered with a mounting tool having a unique shape, and since it has a unique aesthetic that is not conventional, there is no problem even if it is installed in an atrium structure or the like. Without attracting the attention of many people, it can meet the demands of the construction owners.

  Since the tread board can be firmly fixed even when a plurality of mounting tools are used side by side by using a long pressing plate as in the invention described in claim 2, the tread board caused by the load of the passerby Can be suppressed. Moreover, even if the concave portion is long enough to insert a plurality of mounting tools in a lump, the pressing plate according to the present invention covers the entire surface and the aesthetics are not deteriorated.

  FIG. 1 shows a configuration example of a stair support 11 according to the present invention. The staircase according to the present invention is the same as in the prior art in that a plurality of treads 41 are arranged at equal intervals, but in this figure, only one tread 41 is extracted and drawn. In this drawing, the entire staircase is supported by a single climbing beam 44 arranged in an oblique direction, and a side on which the staircase is attached is defined as a vertical surface 43 among both side surfaces of the climbing beam 44. A lag screw 45 for attaching the mounting tool 12 is embedded in a predetermined position on the vertical surface 43, and only the female screw 46 formed on the end surface is exposed to the outside. Since the side peripheral surface of the lag screw 45 has a screw shape, it is firmly integrated with the climbing beam 44, can withstand a pulling load, and does not loosen over time, and is suitable for use in the present invention.

  The mounting tool 12 is produced by extruding a soft metal, and has substantially the same cross-sectional shape. The vertical plate 13 that contacts the vertical surface 43, the horizontal plate 14 that protrudes horizontally from the vertical plate 13, It is comprised by the reinforcement part 15 which connects between the vertical board 13 and the horizontal board 14 in the diagonal direction. One side surface of the vertical plate 13 has a function of transmitting the load by making full contact with the vertical surface 43, the horizontal plate 14 has a function of supporting the tread plate 41, and the reinforcing portion 15 bends the horizontal plate 14. There is a function to suppress. When the mounting tool 12 is viewed from the side, the horizontal plate 14 does not protrude from the central portion of the vertical plate 13 but protrudes slightly above the central portion, and the vertical plate extends from the upper surface of the horizontal plate 14. The height up to the upper surface of 13 is equal to the thickness of the tread plate 41. The surface positioned above the horizontal plate 14 is in contact with the side surface of the tread plate 41, and thus is defined as the contact surface 21. A rib 31 is attached between the contact surface 21 and the horizontal plate 14 to ensure strength. In the present invention, the rib 31 is not an indispensable element, and is used only when there is a concern about strength. In order to prevent interference with the rib 31, illustration is omitted, but the back surface of the tread plate 41 is partially covered. Notched in. In addition, since it is desirable to increase the vertical stroke as much as possible in order to enhance the effect of the reinforcing portion 15, the vertical plate 13 is also elongated downward. In addition, in the area | region enclosed by the vertical board 13, the horizontal board 14, and the reinforcement part 15, the hollow part 25 is provided and the weight reduction is implement | achieved.

  The tread board 41 is obtained by processing a laminated material into a rectangular shape, and only the vicinity of one end thereof is illustrated in the drawing. The footboard 41 is supported only in the vicinity of the upper right end portion, and the lower left side is not restrained at all. In addition, when passing the stairs, the side surface of the tread board 41 can be easily visually recognized. However, if metal parts are frequently used at this location, the natural atmosphere may be impaired and a cold impression may be given. It is necessary to reduce the exposure of 12 as much as possible. Therefore, the recess 42 is processed into the end surface of the tread plate 41, and the vertical plate 13 is inserted therein to suppress the exposure of the mounting tool 12, so that the tread plate 41 is integrated with the vertical surface 43. Become. Further, in order to prevent the horizontal movement of the tread plate 41, a ridge 26 is formed on the upper surface of the horizontal plate 14, and a groove 47 is processed on the lower surface of the tread plate 41.

  The fastening bolt 16 is used to fix the mounting tool 12 to the vertical surface 43, but has a structure in which it cannot be visually recognized in order to improve aesthetics. Specifically, a horizontal hole 22 for inserting the fastening bolt 16 is formed horizontally on the contact surface 21 of the vertical plate 13, and a counterbore hole 23 is also formed to accommodate the head of the fastening bolt 16. Has been. Therefore, when the tread plate 41 is attached, the fastening bolt 16 cannot be visually recognized at all, and it is difficult to grasp the support principle of the mounting tool 12. In order to stably fix the mounting tool 12 to the vertical surface 43, a plurality of fastening bolts 16 should be used. In this figure, two sets of horizontal holes 22 and counterbore holes 23 are formed.

  The pressing plate 17 is for constraining the end portion of the tread plate 41 from above to bring the tread plate 41 into close contact with the horizontal plate 14, and is attached to the upper surface of the vertical plate 13 via the fixing bolt 18. Since the pressing plate 17 covers the entire boundary portion between the concave portion 42 and the vertical plate 13, the entire area except for the vertical surface 43 protrudes from the upper surface of the vertical plate 13. Therefore, when passing the stairs, the mounting tool 12 cannot be visually recognized from above. Furthermore, in order to insert the fixing bolt 18, a locking hole 27 penetrating the upper and lower sides of the pressing plate 17 and a counterbore hole 28 for accommodating the head of the fixing bolt 18 are formed, and when passing through the stairs, A foot or the like does not hit the fixing bolt 18. In addition, a slope 29 is formed on the pressing plate 17 in order to improve safety and aesthetics. In this figure, since the pressing plate 17 is attached using three fixing bolts 18, a total of three sets of locking holes 27 and counterbore holes 28 are formed, and screw holes 24 to be screwed into the fixing bolts 18. Also, a total of three are formed on the upper surface of the vertical plate 13.

  In this figure, only a single footboard 41 is depicted, but actually the climbing beam 44 further extends vertically, and a plurality of lag screws 45 are continuously embedded in the vertical surface 43, The mounting tool 12 is continuously attached using these, and the stairs are completed when the tread plate 41 is placed on each mounting tool 12. In this figure, the climbing beam 44 is arranged, and the mounting tool 12 is attached to the climbing beam 44. However, in the case of a strong wall or the like, the mounting tool 12 is directly attached by embedding the female screw 46 on the surface. The climbing beam is indicated by a two-dot chain line.

  FIG. 2 shows a process of attaching the tread board 41 to the stair supporter according to FIG. 1, wherein FIG. 2 (A) is an initial stage and FIG. 2 (B) is a final stage. In FIG. 2A, after the mounting tool 12 is brought into contact with a predetermined position of the vertical surface 43, the fastening bolt 16 is inserted from the counterbore hole 23 of the contact surface 21 of the vertical plate 13. Is screwed into a female screw 46 (not shown) embedded therein. Therefore, the mounting tool 12 is integrated with the vertical surface 43, and the tread plate 41 is then placed on the horizontal plate 14. However, simply placing the tread plate 41 does not function as a staircase, so the pressing plate 17 is placed on the upper surface of the vertical plate 13 of the mounting tool 12 and the both are integrated by the fixing bolt 18. As a result, the tread plate 41 is fixed in a stationary state as shown in FIG. 2B, and even when the load acting on the tread plate 41 is biased to the left side of the figure, it can be prevented from being lifted by the pressing plate 17 and functions as a safe staircase. To do.

  3 shows a state after the tread plate 41 is attached by the stair supporter according to FIG. 1, FIG. 3 (A) is a plan view, and FIG. 3 (B) is a side view. Note that FIG. 3A is drawn such that the climbing beam 44 is at the top of the figure and the tread board 41 extends downward from here. As shown in FIG. 3A, the pressing plate 17 that presses the upper surface of the tread plate 41 is located at the end of the tread plate 41, and thus does not hinder a passerby. Moreover, since the recessed part 42 is formed in the end surface of the tread board 41 in order to insert the vertical board 13, since the pressing plate 17 exists on it, the mounting tool 12 and the recessed part 42 cannot be visually recognized from upper direction at all, and it is aesthetically pleasing. Are better. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3B, one side surface of the vertical plate 13 of the mounting tool 12 is in full contact with the vertical surface 43 of the climbing beam 44, so that the load acting on the tread plate 41 is dispersed over a wide range. And transmitted to the climbing beam 44.

  FIG. 4 shows the process of attaching the tread plate 41 to the stair supporter according to FIG. 1 in a longitudinal section. FIG. 4 (A) is the initial stage and FIG. 4 (B) is the final stage. A lag screw 45 is embedded in the climbing beam 44, and one end surface thereof coincides with the vertical surface 43. Since the side peripheral surface of the lag screw 45 is screw-shaped, it is firmly integrated with the climbing beam 44 and is not easily affected by aging deformation. Further, one side surface of the vertical plate 13 of the mounting tool 12 is in contact with the vertical surface 43 in its entirety, and the fastening bolt 16 is inserted into the upper portion thereof. Since the fastening bolt 16 is screwed with a female screw 46 formed on one end surface of the lag screw 45, the mounting tool 12 is fixed to the vertical surface 43, and the vertical load acting on the tread plate 41 is fastened. It is received by the shear strength of the bolt 16 and the friction between the vertical surface 43 and the vertical plate 13. Note that the fixing bolt 18 and the fastening bolt 16 are attached at different positions in order to prevent mutual interference.

  FIG. 5 is a structural example of a staircase using the stair supporter according to the present invention, FIG. 5 (A) is viewed from the side, and FIG. 5 (B) is viewed from the front. The mounting tool 12 is continuously attached to the climbing beam 44 arranged so as to connect the upper and lower floors, and the step board 41 is placed thereon, and is fixed by the pressing plate 17. Therefore, although the tread board 41 is supported in a cantilever manner, no problem arises in terms of strength and deformation by considering the shape of the mounting tool 12 and the thickness of the tread board 41. A handrail 48 may be provided as shown in the figure as needed, but there is no restriction on the attachment of such incidental equipment.

  FIG. 6 shows a stair supporter corresponding to the case where the depth of the footboard 41 is long. When a landing is provided in the middle of a staircase, a material having a depth significantly longer than that of a normal footboard 41 is used. In the case of such a footboard 41, it is difficult to attach with only one mounting tool 12 as shown in FIG. 1, and it is preferable to use a plurality of mounting tools 12. Therefore, as shown in this figure, the placing tool 12 having a narrow width is horizontally arranged with a predetermined distance, and the recess 42 formed in the tread plate 41 has a length that can accommodate the two placing tools 12 in a lump. In addition, the concave portion 42 is completely closed using the long pressing plate 17 that connects the mounting tools 12 on both sides.

  FIG. 7 shows a form example of the mounting tool 12 different from FIG. 1, FIG. 7 (A) shows the mounting tool 12 viewed from above, and FIG. 7 (B) viewed from below. Is. The reinforcing portion 15 provided below the horizontal plate 14 does not necessarily have to be formed over the entire area as shown in FIG. 1, and if there is no problem in strength, a single plate-like reinforcing portion 15 as shown in FIG. Multiple sheets can be provided. Further, as a measure for preventing the horizontal movement of the tread plate 41, in FIG. 1, the ridges 26 of the horizontal plate 14 and the grooves 47 of the tread plate 41 are engaged with each other. . In this figure, a total of three pilot holes 30 are formed near the tip of the horizontal plate 14 so that the screw nails 50 can be inserted.

  In addition, as a measure for preventing interference between the tread plate 41 and the fastening bolt 16, the counterbore hole 23 is formed in FIG. 1, but in this drawing, a relief groove 32 that divides the contact surface 21 vertically is formed. A horizontal hole 22 is provided in the back. In order to form the escape groove 32, the vertical plate 13 has a thickness different between a portion above and below the horizontal plate 14. The escape groove 32 is visible from both side surfaces of the vertical plate 13, but does not affect aesthetics because it is hidden by the tread plate 41 during use. In FIG. 1, the mounting tool 12 is attached to the climbing beam 44, but in this figure, an anchor 49 having an internal thread 46 is driven into a concrete wall surface (vertical surface 43), and the mounting tool is placed on the anchor 49. 12 is attached.

It is a perspective view which shows the structural example of the staircase support tool by this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the process of attaching a step board to the stair supporter by FIG. 1, (A) is an initial stage, (B) is a final stage. The state after attaching a tread board with the stair supporter by FIG. 1 is shown, (A) is a top view, (B) is a side view. The process of attaching a tread board to the stair supporter according to FIG. 1 is shown in a longitudinal section, wherein (A) is the initial stage and (B) is the final stage. It is a structural example of the stairs using the stairs support tool by this invention, (A) is a side view, (B) is a front view. It is a perspective view which shows the staircase support tool corresponding to the case where the depth of a tread board is long. It is a perspective view which shows the form example of the mounting tool different from FIG. 1, (A) has looked at the mounting tool from upper direction, (B) has been viewed from the lower side. It is a perspective view which shows the structural example of the common staircase currently used in the house etc.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Stair support tool 12 Mounting tool 13 Vertical plate 14 Horizontal plate 15 Reinforcement part 16 Fastening bolt 17 Pressing plate 18 Fixing bolt 21 Contact surface 22 Horizontal hole 23 Counterbore hole 24 Screw hole 25 Hollow part 26 Projection line 27 Locking hole 28 Counterbore hole 29 Slope 30 Pilot hole 31 Rib 32 Escape groove 41 Tread plate 42 Recess 43 Vertical surface 44 Climbing beam 45 Lag screw 46 Female thread 47 Groove 48 Handrail 49 Anchor 50 Screw nail

Claims (2)

A stair support for attaching the tread board (41) to the vertical surface (43),
A mounting tool (12) that supports one end of the tread board (41), a pressing plate (17) that presses the tread board (41) against the mounting tool (12), and a female formed on the vertical surface (43) A fastening bolt (16) screwed into the screw (46), and a fixing bolt (18) for attaching the pressing plate (17) to the mounting tool (12),
The placing device (12) described above includes a vertical plate (13) that contacts a vertical surface (43) and is inserted into a recess (42) formed on an end surface of the footboard (41), and a center of the vertical plate (13). A horizontal plate (14) that protrudes in the horizontal direction from the vicinity and supports the lower surface of the tread plate (41); and a reinforcing portion (15) that connects the side surface of the vertical plate (13) and the lower surface of the horizontal plate (14) in an oblique direction. A horizontal hole (22) for inserting a fastening bolt (16) is formed in the contact surface (21) of the vertical plate (13) that contacts the inner surface of the recess (42). And the screw hole (24) for screwing a fixing bolt (18) is formed in the upper surface of a vertical board (13),
The pressing plate (17) is placed on the upper surface of the vertical plate (13) and presses the tread plate (41), so that it protrudes outward from the vertical plate (13), and the fixing bolt (18) is further inserted. A stair support, wherein a locking hole (27) is formed. The stair supporter according to claim 1, wherein the pressing plate (17) has a length capable of connecting a plurality of mounting tools (12) arranged in the horizontal direction.

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