JP5020273B2 - Vacuum circuit breaker Vacuum tester - Google Patents
Vacuum circuit breaker Vacuum tester Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、真空遮断器真空試験器に関し、特に、特別高圧の真空遮断器の真空度試験を行うのに好適な真空遮断器真空試験器に関する。 The present invention relates to a vacuum circuit breaker vacuum tester, and more particularly to a vacuum circuit breaker vacuum tester suitable for performing a vacuum degree test of an extra high pressure vacuum circuit breaker.
従来、真空遮断器の真空インタラプタ（真空バルブ）の真空度を試験する方法としては、真空遮断器を開放状態にしたのちに、主回路接点（開極）間に試験電圧を印加して耐電圧試験を行う方法が主流である。また、一部では、専用の真空センサーを真空遮断器に取り付ける方法も行われている。 Conventionally, as a method of testing the degree of vacuum of a vacuum interrupter (vacuum valve) of a vacuum circuit breaker, withstand voltage by applying a test voltage between main circuit contacts (opening) after opening the vacuum circuit breaker The method of performing the test is mainstream. In some cases, a dedicated vacuum sensor is attached to the vacuum circuit breaker.
なお、下記の特許文献１には、真空度チェック用の停電および高圧電源装置を不要とし、真空度の判定を容易に実施し、メンテナンス作業などのコストを低減するために、真空バルブの開極時に真空バルブ内の接触子間に発生するアーク光のスペクトルを検出して電気信号を出力する検出部と、この電気信号に基づいて、スペクトルが絶縁ガスの輝線スペクトルを示すときに真空度が低下したことを判別して警報信号を出力する信号処理回路部とを設け、信号処理回路部を主回路とは非接触関係で設置した、真空遮断器の真空度監視装置が開示されている。
また、下記の特許文献２には、通常の使用状態で簡易にかつ適確に劣化程度を判断できるようにするために、真空インタラプタの両電極端に検電碍子を配設し、両検電碍子の分圧点間に変圧器の一次巻線を接続して、変圧器の二次電圧をサンプリングするサンプリンクホールド回路、各相の検出電圧を順次選択するマルチプレクサ、検出電圧をＡ／Ｄ変換するＡ／Ｄ変換器、演算・比較判定用のＣＰＵおよびデータ記憶用のメモリなどを設け、運用開始時のデータを基準データとしてメモリに記憶し、その後の遮断器の「入」「切」指令時のデータと比較し、この比較結果に基づいて真空度および接点摩耗度など真空インタラプタの劣化程度を判定する、真空遮断器の劣化診断装置が開示されている。
In Patent Document 1 below, in order to eliminate the power failure and high-voltage power supply for checking the degree of vacuum, to easily perform the determination of the degree of vacuum, and to reduce the cost of maintenance work, the opening of the vacuum valve A detector that detects the spectrum of arc light generated between the contacts in the vacuum valve at times and outputs an electrical signal, and based on this electrical signal, the degree of vacuum decreases when the spectrum shows the emission line spectrum of the insulating gas There is disclosed a vacuum circuit breaker monitoring device for a vacuum circuit breaker, which is provided with a signal processing circuit unit for determining whether or not an alarm signal is output and installing the signal processing circuit unit in a non-contact relationship with the main circuit.
Further, in Patent Document 2 below, in order to be able to easily and accurately determine the degree of deterioration in a normal use state, voltage detectors are arranged at both electrode ends of the vacuum interrupter, Connect the primary winding of the transformer between the voltage dividing points of the insulator, sample the hold voltage circuit to sample the transformer secondary voltage, multiplexer to select the detection voltage of each phase sequentially, A / D conversion of the detection voltage A / D converter, CPU for calculation / comparison / determination, memory for data storage, etc. are stored, and the data at the start of operation is stored in the memory as reference data. A deterioration diagnosis device for a vacuum circuit breaker is disclosed in which the degree of deterioration of a vacuum interrupter, such as the degree of vacuum and the degree of contact wear, is determined based on the comparison results in comparison with time data.
しかしながら、高圧の真空遮断器では、開極間距離が短いので、低電圧の試験電圧を主回路接点間に印加することにより通常の遮断器開放状態で耐電圧試験を行うことができるが、特別高圧の真空遮断器では、開極間距離が長いので、通常の遮断器開放状態で耐電圧試験を行おうとすると高電圧が発生可能な大型の耐圧試験器が必要になる。このため、特別高圧の真空遮断器では、専用の治具を使用して真空遮断器の開極間距離を縮めることにより小型の耐圧試験器で耐電圧試験を行っているので、試験時間が長くなったりコストもかかったりするという問題があった。 However, the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker has a short opening distance, so a withstand voltage test can be performed with the circuit breaker open by applying a low test voltage between the main circuit contacts. Since a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker has a long distance between opening, a large withstand voltage tester capable of generating a high voltage is required to perform a withstand voltage test in a normal circuit breaker open state. For this reason, in the special high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, the withstand voltage test is performed with a small pressure tester by reducing the distance between the opening of the vacuum circuit breaker using a dedicated jig, so the test time is long. There was a problem of becoming costly.
また、従来の主回路接点間に試験電圧を印加する方法では、耐電圧試験に耐えるか否かで判定しているので、真空度の低下度合いを把握することは難しいという問題があった。 Further, in the conventional method of applying a test voltage between main circuit contacts, since it is determined by whether or not it can withstand a withstand voltage test, there is a problem that it is difficult to grasp the degree of decrease in the degree of vacuum.
従来の専用の真空センサーを真空遮断器に取り付ける方法では、既設の真空遮断器に真空センサーを取り付けるには真空遮断器のタンクを加工する必要があるので、新規に設置する真空遮断器に限定されるという問題があった。 In the conventional method of attaching a dedicated vacuum sensor to a vacuum circuit breaker, it is necessary to process the tank of the vacuum circuit breaker in order to attach the vacuum sensor to the existing vacuum circuit breaker, so it is limited to newly installed vacuum circuit breakers. There was a problem that.
本発明の目的は、試験時間の短縮化および真空度の低下度合いの把握が図れるとともに既設の真空遮断器にも適用可能な真空遮断器真空試験器を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum circuit breaker vacuum tester that can shorten the test time and grasp the degree of decrease in the degree of vacuum and can also be applied to an existing vacuum circuit breaker.
本発明の真空遮断器真空試験器は、真空遮断器（１）の真空度試験を行うのに用いられる真空遮断器真空試験器（１０）であって、低圧直流電流を前記真空遮断器の主回路に供給するための直流電流供給手段（２０）と、前記真空遮断器の主回路接点と前記直流電流供給手段との間に接続された高圧リアクトル（３１）を備えた高電圧発生手段（３０）と、前記低圧直流電流を前記真空遮断器の前記主回路に流した状態で該真空遮断器を開放させることにより、前記高圧リアクトルに誘起した高電圧を該真空遮断器の前記主回路接点間に印加して該真空遮断器の真空インタラプタの真空度の良否を判定するための真空度良否判定手段（４１，４２）とを具備することを特徴とする。
ここで、前記真空度良否判定手段が、前記真空遮断器を開放させたのちの該真空遮断器の前記主回路に流れる回路電流（Ｉ）の変化速度に基づいて、該真空遮断器の前記真空インタラプタの真空度の良否を判定してもよい。
前記真空度良否判定手段が、前記真空遮断器を開放させたときの該真空遮断器の開極間電圧（Ｖ）の正常時開極間電圧（Ｖ0）に対する変化量（ΔＶ）に基づいて、該真空遮断器の前記真空インタラプタの真空度の良否を判定してもよい。
前記真空度良否判定手段が、前記真空遮断器を開放させたのちの該真空遮断器の前記主回路に流れる回路電流（Ｉ）の変化速度と、該真空遮断器を開放させたときの該真空遮断器の開極間電圧（Ｖ）の正常時開極間電圧（Ｖ0）に対する変化量（ΔＶ）とに基づいて、該真空遮断器の前記真空インタラプタの真空度の良否を判定してもよい。
前記高電圧発生手段が、前記高圧リアクトルと並列に接続された異常電圧抑制用抵抗（３２）をさらに備えてもよい。
前記直流電流供給手段が、前記低圧直流電流を前記真空遮断器の前記主回路に供給するための低圧直流電流供給部（２１）と、該低圧直流電流供給部のプラス側端子およびマイナス側端子にカソードおよびアノードがそれぞれ接続された保護ダイオード（２２）と、前記低圧直流電流供給部の前記マイナス側端子とアースとの間に接続された低電圧避雷器（２３）とを備えてもよい。
前記低圧直流電流供給部が、前記低圧直流電流の電流値を任意に設定することができるものであってもよい。
A vacuum circuit breaker vacuum tester according to the present invention is a vacuum circuit breaker vacuum tester (10) used for performing a vacuum degree test of a vacuum circuit breaker (1), wherein a low-voltage direct current is supplied to the main body of the vacuum circuit breaker. DC voltage supply means (20) for supplying the circuit, and high voltage generating means (30) comprising a high voltage reactor (31) connected between the main circuit contact of the vacuum circuit breaker and the DC current supply means And a high voltage induced in the high voltage reactor between the main circuit contacts of the vacuum circuit breaker by opening the vacuum circuit breaker in a state where the low voltage direct current is passed through the main circuit of the vacuum circuit breaker. And a vacuum degree pass / fail judgment means (41, 42) for judging whether the vacuum interrupter of the vacuum circuit breaker is good or bad.
Here, the degree of vacuum pass / fail judgment means opens the vacuum circuit breaker based on the change rate of the circuit current (I) flowing in the main circuit of the vacuum circuit breaker after opening the vacuum circuit breaker. You may determine the quality of the vacuum degree of an interrupter.
Based on the amount of change (ΔV) with respect to the normal open-circuit voltage (V 0 ) of the open-circuit voltage (V) of the vacuum circuit breaker when the vacuum circuit quality determination means is opened. The degree of vacuum of the vacuum interrupter of the vacuum circuit breaker may be determined.
The degree of vacuum pass / fail judging means changes the circuit current (I) flowing through the main circuit of the vacuum circuit breaker after opening the vacuum circuit breaker, and the vacuum when the vacuum circuit breaker is opened. Even if the degree of vacuum of the vacuum interrupter of the vacuum circuit breaker is determined based on the change amount (ΔV) of the circuit breaker opening voltage (V) with respect to the normal opening voltage (V 0 ). Good.
The high voltage generation means may further include an abnormal voltage suppression resistor (32) connected in parallel with the high voltage reactor.
The DC current supply means supplies a low voltage DC current supply unit (21) for supplying the low voltage DC current to the main circuit of the vacuum circuit breaker, and a plus side terminal and a minus side terminal of the low voltage DC current supply unit. You may provide the protection diode (22) to which the cathode and the anode were each connected, and the low voltage lightning arrester (23) connected between the said minus side terminal of the said low voltage | pressure direct current supply part, and earth | ground.
The low-voltage DC current supply unit may be capable of arbitrarily setting a current value of the low-voltage DC current.
本発明の真空遮断器真空試験器は、以下に示す効果を奏する。
（１）試験時間の短縮
特別高圧の真空遮断器でも通常状態における遮断器開放動作で真空度試験を行うことができるため、従来のように専用の治具を使用して主回路接点を所定の寸法に設定する必要がないので、試験時間の短縮が図れる。
（２）真空度の低下度合いの確認
従来の真空度試験では、真空インタラプタの所定の開極間距離で耐電圧試験に耐えるか否かで判定していたために「良」か「不良」かの２つの判定しかできず、また、「良」であっても「不良に近い良か否か」の判定や「完全な真空破壊か真空度低下であるか」の判定ができなかったが、本発明による真空遮断器真空試験器では、真空度の低下度合いを判定することができるので、真空インタラプタの状態に応じた手入れ（直ちに真空インタラプタの交換、経過観察など）が可能になる。
（３）適用遮断器の拡大
真空遮断器のタンクを加工する必要がないので、既設の真空遮断器にも適用することができる。
また、真空度試験時に真空遮断器の主回路に供給する低圧直流電流の電流値を任意に設定することができるので、２２ｋＶクラスから１１０ｋＶクラスの真空遮断器まで１つの真空遮断器真空試験器で適用することができる。
さらに、通常のガス機器では高電圧の直流電圧を印加することはできないが、本発明による真空遮断器真空試験器では低圧直流電流を供給するため問題はなく、真空遮断器の開放時の短時間には高電圧が印加されるものの過渡的な電圧であるので、６６ｋＶクラスや１１０ｋＶクラスのガス中に真空インタラプタがある真空遮断器にも適用することができる。
（４）精度の向上
開極間電圧は真空遮断器の開放時に最も高くなるためにアーク放電を起こし易くすることができるので、精度の高い真空度試験を行うことができる。
（５）コストの低減
メーカーが推奨している治具使用時のメーカー技術員による指導が不要になるので、コストの低減が図れる。
The vacuum circuit breaker vacuum tester of the present invention has the following effects.
(1) Shortening of test time Since a vacuum test can be performed with a circuit breaker opening operation in a normal state even with a special high-pressure vacuum circuit breaker, the main circuit contact can be set to a predetermined position using a dedicated jig as in the past. Since it is not necessary to set the dimensions, the test time can be shortened.
(2) Confirmation of the degree of vacuum reduction In the conventional vacuum degree test, it was determined whether or not the withstand voltage test can be endured at a predetermined distance between the opening of the vacuum interrupter. Only two judgments were possible, and even if “good”, it was not possible to judge “whether it was good near failure” or “whether it was a complete vacuum break or reduced vacuum”. The vacuum circuit breaker vacuum tester according to the present invention can determine the degree of decrease in the degree of vacuum, so that it is possible to perform care (immediate replacement of the vacuum interrupter, follow-up observation, etc.) according to the state of the vacuum interrupter.
(3) Expansion of applicable circuit breakers Since it is not necessary to process the tank of the vacuum circuit breaker, it can also be applied to existing vacuum circuit breakers.
In addition, since the current value of the low-voltage direct current supplied to the main circuit of the vacuum circuit breaker during the vacuum test can be set arbitrarily, a single vacuum circuit breaker vacuum tester from 22 kV class to 110 kV class vacuum circuit breaker can be used. Can be applied.
Furthermore, although a high-voltage DC voltage cannot be applied to ordinary gas equipment, there is no problem in the vacuum circuit breaker vacuum tester according to the present invention because a low-voltage DC current is supplied, and the vacuum circuit breaker is opened for a short time. Is a transient voltage although a high voltage is applied thereto, it can be applied to a vacuum circuit breaker having a vacuum interrupter in a gas of 66 kV class or 110 kV class.
(4) Improvement of accuracy Since the voltage between the contacts becomes the highest when the vacuum circuit breaker is opened, it is possible to easily cause arc discharge, so that a highly accurate vacuum degree test can be performed.
(5) Reduction of costs Guidance recommended by the manufacturer when using the jig recommended by the manufacturer is no longer necessary, so the cost can be reduced.
上記の目的を、低圧直流電流を直流電流供給手段から真空遮断器の主回路に流した状態で真空遮断器を開放させることにより、真空遮断器の主回路接点と直流電流供給手段との間に接続された高圧リアクトルに誘起した高電圧を真空遮断器の主回路接点間に印加して真空遮断器の真空インタラプタの真空度の良否を判定することにより実現した。 The above object is achieved by opening the vacuum circuit breaker with low-voltage direct current flowing from the direct current supply means to the main circuit of the vacuum circuit breaker, so that the main circuit contact of the vacuum circuit breaker and the direct current supply means are connected. This was realized by applying a high voltage induced in the connected high-voltage reactor between the main circuit contacts of the vacuum circuit breaker to determine the degree of vacuum of the vacuum interrupter of the vacuum circuit breaker.
以下、本発明の真空遮断器真空試験器の実施例について図面を参照して説明する。
本発明の真空遮断器真空試験器は、真空遮断器の主回路接点と高圧リアクトルとを直列に接続するとともに低圧直流電流を真空遮断器の主回路に流した状態で真空遮断器を開放させることにより、高圧リアクトルに誘起した高電圧を真空遮断器の主回路接点間（開極間）に印加して、真空遮断器の主回路に流れる回路電流Ｉの低下具合（回路電流Ｉの変化速度）に基づいて真空インタラプタの真空度の良否判定を行うことを特徴とする。
Embodiments of a vacuum circuit breaker vacuum tester according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
The vacuum circuit breaker vacuum tester of the present invention connects the main circuit contact of the vacuum circuit breaker and the high voltage reactor in series and opens the vacuum circuit breaker in a state where a low voltage direct current flows through the main circuit of the vacuum circuit breaker. By applying the high voltage induced in the high voltage reactor between the main circuit contacts of the vacuum circuit breaker (between opening), the degree of decrease in the circuit current I flowing through the main circuit of the vacuum circuit breaker (rate of change of the circuit current I) On the basis of the above, the quality of the vacuum degree of the vacuum interrupter is determined.
なお、真空遮断器に印加させる高電圧（開極間電圧Ｖ）の電圧値は、Ｖ＝Ｌ×ΔＩ／Δｔ（Ｌは高圧リアクトルのリアクトル値）で設定できるので、回路電流Ｉの電流値によって制御が可能になる。
したがって、開極間電圧Ｖは回路電流Ｉが大きいほど大きくなるので、回路電流Ｉの電流値を試験対象の真空遮断器に対応した値とすることにより、幅広い範囲の真空遮断器について真空度試験が可能になる。
The voltage value of the high voltage (open-circuit voltage V) applied to the vacuum circuit breaker can be set by V = L × ΔI / Δt (L is the reactor value of the high voltage reactor). Control becomes possible.
Therefore, the open circuit voltage V increases as the circuit current I increases. Therefore, by setting the current value of the circuit current I to a value corresponding to the vacuum circuit breaker to be tested, a vacuum test is performed on a wide range of vacuum circuit breakers. Is possible.
真空インタラプタの真空度の良否については、以下に説明するように、回路電流Ｉの低下具合に基づいて判定することができる。 The degree of vacuum of the vacuum interrupter can be determined based on how the circuit current I decreases as described below.
（１）真空インタラプタの真空度が高い場合
真空インタラプタの真空度が高い場合には、図２（ａ）に示すように、遮断器開放時刻ｔ0で真空遮断器が開放されると開極間電圧Ｖは高電圧になるが、回路電流Ｉは直ちに遮断されて“０”になる。
したがって、回路電流Ｉが真空遮断器の開放後瞬時に“０”になる場合には、「真空インタラプタの真空度は正常である（高く保たれている）」と判定することができる。
なお、同図に示す遮断器開放完了時刻ｔ1における開極間電圧Ｖの電圧値は、後述する異常電圧抑制用抵抗３２の抵抗値によって異なる。
(1) when there is a high degree of vacuum in the vacuum interrupter when the vacuum degree of the vacuum interrupter is high, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), when the vacuum circuit breaker is opened by the circuit breaker opening time t 0 between opening The voltage V becomes a high voltage, but the circuit current I is immediately cut off and becomes “0”.
Therefore, when the circuit current I instantaneously becomes “0” after the vacuum circuit breaker is opened, it can be determined that “the vacuum degree of the vacuum interrupter is normal (maintained high)”.
In addition, the voltage value of the opening voltage V at the circuit breaker opening completion time t 1 shown in the figure differs depending on the resistance value of an abnormal voltage suppression resistor 32 described later.
（２）真空インタラプタの真空度が低下している場合
真空インタラプタの真空度が低下している場合には、真空遮断器が開放されても主回路接点間（開極間）でアーク抵抗をもって放電するために真空遮断器の開放と同時に絶縁が回復しないので、図２（ｂ）に示すように、開極間電圧Ｖが低下していき、開極間距離が長くなって絶縁がある程度回復した遮断器絶縁回復時刻ｔ2で回路電流Ｉが遮断されて“０”になる。
ここで、遮断器絶縁回復時刻ｔ2は、真空インタラプタの真空度が低下しているほど遅くなる。
したがって、回路電流Ｉが瞬時に“０”にならずかつ遮断器開放完了時刻ｔ1よりもある程度前に“０”になる場合には、「真空インタラプタの真空度が低下している」と判定することができる。また、遮断器絶縁回復時刻ｔ2を計測することにより、真空インタラプタの真空度の低下度合いを把握することができる。
なお、遮断器絶縁回復時刻ｔ2において回路電流Ｉが“０”になると、開極間電圧Ｖは一旦大きくなったのちに低下していく。
(2) When the vacuum level of the vacuum interrupter is low When the vacuum level of the vacuum interrupter is low, discharge with arc resistance between the main circuit contacts (between opening) even if the vacuum circuit breaker is opened Therefore, the insulation does not recover simultaneously with the opening of the vacuum circuit breaker. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2B, the voltage V between the opening decreases, the distance between the opening increases, and the insulation recovers to some extent. At the circuit breaker insulation recovery time t 2 , the circuit current I is interrupted and becomes “0”.
Here, the circuit breaker insulated recovery time t 2 becomes slower degree of vacuum in the vacuum interrupter is reduced.
Therefore, when the circuit current I does not instantaneously become “0” and becomes “0” some time before the circuit breaker opening completion time t 1, it is determined that “the vacuum degree of the vacuum interrupter has decreased”. can do. Also, by measuring the breaker insulation recovery time t 2, the can grasp the degree of decrease of the degree of vacuum in the vacuum interrupter.
When the circuit current I becomes “0” at the circuit breaker insulation recovery time t 2 , the open-circuit voltage V once increases and then decreases.
（３）真空インタラプタの真空度が破壊されている場合
真空インタラプタの真空度が破壊されている場合には、真空遮断器の主回路接点間（開極間）でアーク抵抗を持って放電が開始されるので、図２（ｃ）に示すように、遮断器開放時刻ｔ0における開極間電圧Ｖの電圧値は真空インタラプタの真空度が高い場合に比べて小さくなり、回路電流Ｉもアーク抵抗を持って放電が起こったのちに開極間距離が開くに従ってまた開極間電圧Ｖが低下するに従って電流値が低下していき、遮断器絶縁回復時刻ｔ3において主回路接点間（開極間）の絶縁が回復すると回路電流Ｉの電流値が“０”になる。
ここで、遮断器絶縁回復時刻ｔ3を真空遮断器の開放完了時刻ｔ1の直後としているが、真空遮断器の条件（ガス中のインタラプタや気中の場合の湿度など）により異なる。
したがって、回路電流Ｉが遮断器開放完了時刻ｔ1の前後において“０”になる場合には、「真空インタラプタの真空度が破壊されている」と判定することができる。
なお、遮断器絶縁回復時刻ｔ3において回路電流Ｉが“０”になると、開極間電圧Ｖは一旦大きくなったのちに低下していく。
(3) When the vacuum level of the vacuum interrupter is broken When the vacuum level of the vacuum interrupter is broken, discharge starts with arc resistance between the main circuit contacts (between opening) of the vacuum circuit breaker Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2C, the voltage value of the open-circuit voltage V at the circuit breaker opening time t 0 is smaller than that in the case where the degree of vacuum of the vacuum interrupter is high, and the circuit current I is also arc resistance. After the discharge occurs, the current value decreases as the opening distance increases and the opening voltage V decreases. At the circuit breaker insulation recovery time t 3 , the main circuit contacts (between opening positions) ) Is recovered, the current value of the circuit current I becomes “0”.
Here, the circuit breaker insulated recovery time t 3 is set to immediately after the release completion time t 1 of a vacuum circuit breaker varies with the vacuum circuit breaker conditions (such as humidity in the case in interrupter or air in the gas).
Therefore, when the circuit current I becomes “0” before and after the circuit breaker opening completion time t 1 , it can be determined that “the vacuum degree of the vacuum interrupter is broken”.
When the circuit current I becomes “0” at the circuit breaker insulation recovery time t 3 , the open-circuit voltage V once increases and then decreases.
次に、本発明の一実施例による真空遮断器真空試験器１０について、図１を参照して説明する。
本実施例による真空遮断器真空試験器１０は、図１に示すように、直流電流供給装置２０と、リアクトル式の高電圧発生装置３０と、制御装置４０と、直流変流器５０と、２つの保安用接地取付端子６０とを具備する。
Next, a vacuum circuit breaker vacuum tester 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, the vacuum circuit breaker vacuum tester 10 according to this embodiment includes a direct current supply device 20, a reactor type high voltage generator 30, a control device 40, a direct current transformer 50, 2 And two safety ground mounting terminals 60.
ここで、直流電流供給装置２０は、低圧直流電流供給部２１と、保護ダイオード２２と、低電圧避雷器２３とを備える。
低圧直流電流供給部２１は、真空遮断器１の真空度試験に必要な低圧直流電流を真空遮断器１の主回路に供給するためのものであり、低圧直流電流の電流値を任意に設定することができるものである。
保護ダイオード２２は、真空遮断器１が開放された際に後述の高圧リアクトル３１から供給される電流を真空遮断器１に流すとともに、真空度試験中に低圧直流電流供給部２１が故障（回路開放や電流断）した際に発生する異常電圧（高電圧）を抑制するためのものである。なお、保護ダイオード２２のカソードは低圧直流電流供給部２１のプラス側端子に接続されており、保護ダイオード２２のアノードは低圧直流電流供給部２１のマイナス側端子に接続されている。
低電圧避雷器２３は、低圧直流電流供給部２１のマイナス側端子とアースとの間に接続されており、保護ダイオード２２の故障時のバックアップ用のもの（すなわち、保護ダイオード２２が故障（回路開放）した際に上記の異常電圧を抑制するためのもの）である。
Here, the direct current supply device 20 includes a low voltage direct current supply unit 21, a protection diode 22, and a low voltage lightning arrester 23.
The low-voltage DC current supply unit 21 is for supplying a low-voltage DC current necessary for the vacuum degree test of the vacuum circuit breaker 1 to the main circuit of the vacuum circuit breaker 1, and arbitrarily sets the current value of the low-voltage DC current. It is something that can be done.
The protective diode 22 causes a current supplied from a high voltage reactor 31 (described later) to flow to the vacuum circuit breaker 1 when the vacuum circuit breaker 1 is opened, and the low voltage DC current supply unit 21 breaks down during the vacuum test (circuit open). Or an abnormal voltage (high voltage) generated when the current is interrupted. The cathode of the protection diode 22 is connected to the plus side terminal of the low voltage DC current supply unit 21, and the anode of the protection diode 22 is connected to the minus side terminal of the low voltage DC current supply unit 21.
The low-voltage lightning arrester 23 is connected between the negative terminal of the low-voltage DC current supply unit 21 and the ground, and is used for backup when the protection diode 22 fails (that is, the protection diode 22 fails (circuit open)). In order to suppress the abnormal voltage).
高電圧発生装置３０は、高圧リアクトル３１と、異常電圧抑制用抵抗３２とを備える。
高圧リアクトル３１は、真空遮断器１の主回路接点と低圧直流電流供給部２１のマイナス側端子との間に接続されており、低圧直流電流を低圧直流電流供給部２１から真空遮断器１の主回路に供給したのちに真空遮断器１を開放することにより高電圧を発生させるためのものである。
異常電圧抑制用抵抗３２は、高圧リアクトル３１と並列に接続されており、高圧リアクトル３１によって発生する異常電圧を抑制するとともに放電抵抗の機能を兼ね備えたものである。
The high voltage generator 30 includes a high voltage reactor 31 and an abnormal voltage suppression resistor 32.
The high voltage reactor 31 is connected between the main circuit contact of the vacuum circuit breaker 1 and the negative terminal of the low voltage DC current supply unit 21, and the low voltage DC current is supplied from the low voltage DC current supply unit 21 to the main circuit of the vacuum circuit breaker 1. This is for generating a high voltage by opening the vacuum circuit breaker 1 after being supplied to the circuit.
The abnormal voltage suppression resistor 32 is connected in parallel with the high-voltage reactor 31 and suppresses an abnormal voltage generated by the high-voltage reactor 31 and also has a function of a discharge resistance.
制御装置４０は、電流波形計測部４１と、制御部（ＭＰＵ）４２とを備える。
電流波形計測部４１は、直流変流器５０から入力される回路電流Ｉの波形を計測するためのものであり、計測した回路電流Ｉの波形を示す電流波形計測信号を制御部４２に出力する。
制御部４２は、真空度試験時に真空遮断器１を開放させるための遮断器操作指令信号Ｓａを遮断器（含む遮断器制御装置）（不図示）に出力し、真空度試験開始時に回路電流Ｉの電流波形を計測するように指示する制御信号を電流波形計測部４１に出力し、低圧直流電流の電流値を設定したり真空度試験開始時に低圧直流電流を真空遮断器１に供給するように指示したりする制御信号を低圧直流電流供給部２１に出力するとともに、電流波形計測部４１から入力される電流波形計測信号に基づいて真空遮断器１の真空インタラプタの真空度の良否を判定するためのものである。また、制御部４２は、「真空度が低下している」と判定するか「真空度が破壊されている」と判定した場合は、警報出力信号Ｓｂを外部に出力する。
The control device 40 includes a current waveform measurement unit 41 and a control unit (MPU) 42.
The current waveform measurement unit 41 is for measuring the waveform of the circuit current I input from the DC current transformer 50, and outputs a current waveform measurement signal indicating the measured circuit current I waveform to the control unit 42. .
The control unit 42 outputs a circuit breaker operation command signal Sa for opening the vacuum circuit breaker 1 to the circuit breaker (including circuit breaker control device) (not shown) during the vacuum level test, and circuit current I at the start of the vacuum level test. A control signal instructing to measure the current waveform is output to the current waveform measuring unit 41 so as to set the current value of the low-voltage DC current or supply the low-voltage DC current to the vacuum circuit breaker 1 at the start of the vacuum degree test. In order to output a control signal to be instructed to the low-voltage DC current supply unit 21 and to determine whether the degree of vacuum of the vacuum interrupter of the vacuum circuit breaker 1 is good or not based on the current waveform measurement signal input from the current waveform measurement unit 41. belongs to. Further, when it is determined that “the degree of vacuum is reduced” or “the degree of vacuum is broken”, the control unit 42 outputs an alarm output signal Sb to the outside.
直流変流器５０は、低圧直流電流供給部２１のプラス側端子と真空遮断器１との間の試験回路に設けられており、この試験回路に流れる回路電流Ｉを検出するためのものである。 The DC current transformer 50 is provided in a test circuit between the plus-side terminal of the low-voltage DC current supply unit 21 and the vacuum circuit breaker 1, and is for detecting a circuit current I flowing through the test circuit. .
２つの保安用接地取付端子６０は、高電圧発生装置３０と真空遮断器１との間の試験回路および直流変流器５０と真空遮断器１との間の試験回路にそれぞれ設けられており、保安用接地器具を取り付けるためのものである。 The two safety ground mounting terminals 60 are provided in a test circuit between the high voltage generator 30 and the vacuum circuit breaker 1 and a test circuit between the DC current transformer 50 and the vacuum circuit breaker 1, respectively. For attaching a safety grounding device.
次に、制御装置４０の制御部４２における真空遮断器１の真空インタラプタの真空度の良否判定方法について、図３を参照して説明する。 Next, the quality determination method of the vacuum degree of the vacuum interrupter of the vacuum circuit breaker 1 in the control unit 42 of the control device 40 will be described with reference to FIG.
制御部４２は、真空度試験を開始する際には、低圧直流電流を真空遮断器１に供給するように指示する制御信号を低圧直流電流供給部２１に出力する。これにより、低圧直流電流が低圧直流電流供給部２１から真空遮断器１の主回路に供給される。
また、制御部４２は、直流変流器５０から入力される回路電流Ｉの波形を計測するように指示する制御信号を電流波形計測部４１に出力する。これにより、電流波形計測部４１は、回路電流Ｉの波形計測を開始し、電流波形計測信号を制御部４２に出力する。
When starting the vacuum test, the control unit 42 outputs a control signal to the low voltage DC current supply unit 21 to instruct to supply the low voltage DC current to the vacuum circuit breaker 1. As a result, the low-voltage DC current is supplied from the low-voltage DC current supply unit 21 to the main circuit of the vacuum circuit breaker 1.
Further, the control unit 42 outputs a control signal instructing to measure the waveform of the circuit current I input from the DC current transformer 50 to the current waveform measuring unit 41. As a result, the current waveform measurement unit 41 starts measuring the waveform of the circuit current I and outputs a current waveform measurement signal to the control unit 42.
その後、制御部４２は、真空遮断器１を開放するように指示する遮断器操作指令信号Ｓａを遮断器（含む遮断器制御装置）に出力する。これにより、図３（ａ）〜（ｃ）に示す遮断器開放時刻ｔ0において真空遮断器１が開放される。 Thereafter, the control unit 42 outputs a circuit breaker operation command signal Sa instructing to open the vacuum circuit breaker 1 to the circuit breaker (including the circuit breaker control device). As a result, the vacuum circuit breaker 1 is opened at the circuit breaker opening time t 0 shown in FIGS.
制御部４２は、以下のようにして、真空遮断器１を開放させたのちの回路電流Ｉの変化速度に基づいて、真空遮断器１の真空インタラプタの真空度の良否を判定する。
制御部４２は、電流波形計測部４１から入力される電流波形計測信号に基づいて、遮断器開放時刻ｔ0後に回路電流Ｉの電流値が“０”になる遮断器絶縁回復時刻ｔ2，ｔ3を検出し、検出した遮断器絶縁回復時刻ｔ2，ｔ3から遮断器開放時刻ｔ0を引くことにより遮断器絶縁回復時間Ｔ（＝ｔ2−ｔ0，ｔ3−ｔ0）を計測し、計測した遮断器絶縁回復時間Ｔが第１の判定基準値Ａ1未満であるか第１の判定基準値Ａ1以上第２の判定基準値Ａ2未満であるか第２の判定基準値Ａ2以上であるかを調べる。
ここで、第１の判定基準値Ａ1は、たとえば遮断器開放時刻ｔ0から遮断器開放完了時刻ｔ1までの時間（＝ｔ1−ｔ0）の１％の値（すなわち、Ａ1＝（ｔ1−ｔ0）／１００）に設定され、また、第２の判定基準値Ａ2は、たとえば遮断器開放時刻ｔ0から遮断器開放完了時刻ｔ1までの時間（＝ｔ1−ｔ0）の９０％の値（すなわち、Ａ2＝９０（ｔ1−ｔ0）／１００）に設定される。
The controller 42 determines whether the degree of vacuum of the vacuum interrupter of the vacuum circuit breaker 1 is good or not based on the change rate of the circuit current I after the vacuum circuit breaker 1 is opened as follows.
Based on the current waveform measurement signal input from the current waveform measurement unit 41, the control unit 42 determines the circuit breaker insulation recovery time t 2 , t when the current value of the circuit current I becomes “0” after the circuit breaker release time t 0. 3 is detected and the circuit breaker insulation recovery time T (= t 2 -t 0 , t 3 -t 0 ) is measured by subtracting the circuit breaker opening time t 0 from the detected circuit breaker insulation recovery times t 2 and t 3 and, the measured breaker insulation recovery time T the first criterion value a 1 below a is either the first criterion value a 1 or more second or less than the determination reference value a 2 second criterion value examine whether it is a 2 or more.
Here, the first determination reference value A 1 is, for example, a value of 1% of the time (= t 1 −t 0 ) from the circuit breaker opening time t 0 to the circuit breaker opening completion time t 1 (ie, A 1 = (T 1 −t 0 ) / 100), and the second determination reference value A 2 is, for example, a time from the circuit breaker opening time t 0 to the circuit breaker opening completion time t 1 (= t 1 −t 0 ) is set to a value of 90% (that is, A 2 = 90 (t 1 −t 0 ) / 100).
その結果、遮断器絶縁回復時間Ｔが図３（ａ）に示すように第１の判定基準値Ａ1未満である（Ｔ＜Ａ1）場合には、制御部４２は、「真空度は正常である」と判定する。
また、遮断器絶縁回復時間Ｔが同図（ｂ）に示すように第１の判定基準値Ａ1以上第２の判定基準値Ａ2未満である（Ａ1≦Ｔ＜Ａ2）場合には、制御部４２は、「真空度が低下している」と判定して、その旨を示す警報出力信号Ｓｂを外部に出力する。
さらに、遮断器絶縁回復時間Ｔが同図（ｃ）に示すように第２の判定基準値Ａ2以上である（Ａ2≦Ｔ）場合には、制御部４２は、「真空度が破壊されている」と判定して、その旨を示す警報出力信号Ｓｂを外部に出力する。なお、「真空度が破壊されている」と判定する真空度については、パッシェンカーブの最低値に至る前の一定値とする。
As a result, when the circuit breaker insulation recovery time T is less than the first determination reference value A 1 (T <A 1 ) as shown in FIG. Is determined.
When the circuit breaker insulation recovery time T is not less than the first determination reference value A 1 and less than the second determination reference value A 2 (A 1 ≦ T <A 2 ) as shown in FIG. The control unit 42 determines that “the degree of vacuum has decreased” and outputs an alarm output signal Sb indicating that to the outside.
Furthermore, when the circuit breaker insulation recovery time T is equal to or greater than the second determination reference value A 2 (A 2 ≦ T) as shown in FIG. And output an alarm output signal Sb indicating that to the outside. Note that the degree of vacuum for determining that “the degree of vacuum is broken” is a constant value before reaching the lowest value of the Paschen curve.
なお、制御部４２は、検出した遮断器絶縁回復時間Ｔに応じて真空遮断器１の真空インタラプタの真空度の低下度合いを求め、求めた真空度の低下度合いを示す警報出力信号Ｓｂを外部に出力してもよい。 The control unit 42 obtains the degree of vacuum reduction of the vacuum interrupter of the vacuum circuit breaker 1 according to the detected circuit breaker insulation recovery time T, and outputs an alarm output signal Sb indicating the degree of vacuum degree obtained to the outside. It may be output.
以上の説明では、制御部４２は、電流波形計測部４１から入力される電流波形計測信号に基づいて真空遮断器１の真空インタラプタの真空度の良否を判定したが、図２（ａ）〜（ｃ）に示したように、遮断器開放時刻ｔ0における開極間電圧Ｖは、真空遮断器１の真空インタラプタの真空度が低下していくほど正常時開極間電圧Ｖ0（真空度が正常である場合の遮断器開放時刻ｔ0における開極間電圧Ｖ）よりも小さくなっていくことに着目して、図４（ａ）〜（ｃ）に示すように開極間電圧変化量に基づいて真空遮断器１の真空インタラプタの真空度の良否を判定してもよい。
この場合には、制御部４２は、真空遮断器１内に設けられた電圧計（不図示）から入力される真空遮断器開放時の開極間電圧Ｖの電圧値の正常時開極間電圧Ｖ0に対する変化量ΔＶ（＝Ｖ−Ｖ0）を求め、求めた変化量ΔＶが図４（ａ）に示すように第１の電圧判定基準値Ｂ1（たとえば、正常時開極間電圧Ｖ0の１０％の電圧値（＝０．１×Ｖ0）に設定される。）未満である場合には、「真空度は正常である」と判定し、求めた変化量ΔＶが同図（ｂ）に示すように第１の電圧判定基準値Ｂ1以上で第２の電圧判定基準値Ｂ2（たとえば、正常時開極間電圧Ｖ0の３０％の電圧値（＝０．３×Ｖ0）に設定される。）未満である場合には、「真空度が低下している」と判定し、求めた変化量ΔＶが同図（ｃ）に示すように第２の電圧判定基準値Ｂ2以上である場合には、「真空度が破壊されている」と判定する。
なお、制御部４２は、求めた変化量ΔＶに応じて真空遮断器１の真空インタラプタの真空度の低下度合いを求めてもよい。
In the above description, the control unit 42 determines the quality of the vacuum interrupter vacuum degree of the vacuum circuit breaker 1 based on the current waveform measurement signal input from the current waveform measurement unit 41. FIG. As shown in c), the opening voltage V at the circuit breaker opening time t 0 is the normal opening voltage V 0 (the degree of vacuum is reduced as the vacuum degree of the vacuum interrupter of the vacuum circuit breaker 1 decreases). Focusing on the fact that the voltage becomes smaller than the opening voltage V) at the circuit breaker opening time t 0 in the normal case, the change in the opening voltage is shown in FIGS. 4 (a) to 4 (c). Based on this, the quality of the vacuum degree of the vacuum interrupter of the vacuum circuit breaker 1 may be determined.
In this case, the control unit 42 is a normal-time open-circuit voltage that is a voltage value of the open-circuit voltage V when the vacuum circuit breaker is opened, which is input from a voltmeter (not shown) provided in the vacuum circuit breaker 1. determine the amount of change ΔV (= V-V 0) with respect to V 0, the first voltage determination reference value as shown on the obtained amount of change [Delta] V in FIG. 4 (a) B 1 (e.g., between normal during opening voltage V 10% of the voltage value of 0 if (= 0.1 × V 0) is.) below is to be set to a judgment of "vacuum degree is normal", calculated amount of change ΔV is drawing ( As shown in b), the second voltage determination reference value B 2 is equal to or higher than the first voltage determination reference value B 1 (for example, a voltage value of 30% of the normal opening voltage V 0 (= 0.3 × V is set to 0).) If it is less than a judgment of "vacuum is reduced", as determined amount of change ΔV is shown in FIG. 2 (c) second voltage determination reference value If it is 2 or more, it is determined that "vacuum is destroyed."
The control unit 42 may obtain the degree of decrease in the degree of vacuum of the vacuum interrupter of the vacuum circuit breaker 1 according to the obtained change amount ΔV.
また、制御部４２は、図３を参照して説明した回路電流変化速度による良否判定方法と図４を参照して説明した開極間電圧変化量による良否判定方法とを組み合わせて、真空遮断器１の真空インタラプタの真空度の良否を判定してもよい。 Further, the control unit 42 combines the pass / fail determination method based on the circuit current change speed described with reference to FIG. 3 and the pass / fail determination method based on the voltage change between the open contacts described with reference to FIG. The degree of vacuum of one vacuum interrupter may be determined.
１ 真空遮断器
１０ 真空遮断器真空試験器
２０ 直流電流供給装置
２１ 低圧直流電流供給部
２２ 保護ダイオード
２３ 低電圧避雷器
３０ 高電圧発生装置
３１ 高圧リアクトル
３２ 異常電圧抑制用抵抗
４０ 制御装置
４１ 電流波形計測部
４２ 制御部
５０ 直流変流器
６０ 保安用接地取付端子
Ｖ 開極間電圧
Ｖ0 正常時開極間電圧
ΔＶ 変化量
Ｉ 回路電流
Ｓａ 遮断器操作指令信号
Ｓｂ 警報出力信号
ｔ0 遮断器開放時刻
ｔ1 遮断器開放完了時刻
ｔ2，ｔ3 遮断器絶縁回復時刻
Ｔ 遮断器絶縁回復時間
Ａ1，Ａ2 第１および第２の判定基準値
Ｂ1，Ｂ2 第１および第２の電圧判定基準値
Ｌ リアクトル値
1 Vacuum Circuit Breaker 10 Vacuum Circuit Breaker Vacuum Tester 20 DC Current Supply Device 21 Low Voltage DC Current Supply Unit 22 Protection Diode 23 Low Voltage Lightning Arrester 30 High Voltage Generator 31 High Voltage Reactor 32 Abnormal Voltage Suppressing Resistance 40 Control Device 41 Current Waveform Measurement Unit 42 Control unit 50 DC current transformer 60 Safety ground mounting terminal V Open-circuit voltage V 0 Normal-open-circuit voltage ΔV Change I Circuit current Sa Breaker operation command signal Sb Alarm output signal t 0 Breaker open time t 1 breaker opening completion time t 2 , t 3 breaker insulation recovery time T breaker insulation recovery time A 1 , A 2 first and second judgment reference values B 1 , B 2 first and second voltage judgment Reference value L Reactor value
Claims (7)
低圧直流電流を前記真空遮断器の主回路に供給するための直流電流供給手段（２０）と、
前記真空遮断器の主回路接点と前記直流電流供給手段との間に接続された高圧リアクトル（３１）を備えた高電圧発生手段（３０）と、
前記低圧直流電流を前記真空遮断器の前記主回路に流した状態で該真空遮断器を開放させることにより、前記高圧リアクトルに誘起した高電圧を該真空遮断器の前記主回路接点間に印加して該真空遮断器の真空インタラプタの真空度の良否を判定するための真空度良否判定手段（４１，４２）と、
を具備することを特徴とする、真空遮断器真空試験器。 A vacuum circuit breaker vacuum tester (10) used to perform a vacuum test of a vacuum circuit breaker (1),
DC current supply means (20) for supplying a low-voltage DC current to the main circuit of the vacuum circuit breaker;
High voltage generating means (30) comprising a high voltage reactor (31) connected between the main circuit contact of the vacuum circuit breaker and the direct current supply means;
The high voltage induced in the high voltage reactor is applied between the main circuit contacts of the vacuum circuit breaker by opening the vacuum circuit breaker in a state where the low-voltage direct current flows through the main circuit of the vacuum circuit breaker. Vacuum degree pass / fail judgment means (41, 42) for judging the pass / fail of the vacuum interrupter of the vacuum circuit breaker,
A vacuum circuit breaker vacuum tester.
前記低圧直流電流を前記真空遮断器の前記主回路に供給するための低圧直流電流供給部（２１）と、
該低圧直流電流供給部のプラス側端子およびマイナス側端子にカソードおよびアノードがそれぞれ接続された保護ダイオード（２２）と、
前記低圧直流電流供給部の前記マイナス側端子とアースとの間に接続された低電圧避雷器（２３）と、
を備えることを特徴とする、請求項１乃至５いずれかに記載の真空遮断器真空試験器。 The direct current supply means is
A low-voltage DC current supply unit (21) for supplying the low-voltage DC current to the main circuit of the vacuum circuit breaker;
A protective diode (22) having a cathode and an anode connected to the positive side terminal and the negative side terminal of the low-voltage direct current supply unit;
A low-voltage lightning arrester (23) connected between the negative terminal of the low-voltage direct current supply unit and the ground;
The vacuum circuit breaker vacuum tester according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising:
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| JP5340324B2 (en) * | 2011-02-01 | 2013-11-13 | 中国電力株式会社 | Vacuum circuit breaker testing apparatus and method |
| JP2014142996A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2014-08-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Vacuum deterioration detector of enclosed switchgear |
| US9759773B2 (en) | 2011-12-13 | 2017-09-12 | Finley Lee Ledbetter | System and method to predict a usable life of a vacuum interrupter in the field |
| US9026375B1 (en) | 2011-12-13 | 2015-05-05 | Finley Lee Ledbetter | Method to predict a usable life of a vacuum interrupter in the field |
| GB2556520B (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2021-10-13 | Vacuum Interrupters Inc | System and method to predict a useable life of a vacuum interrupter in the field |
| CN105241643B (en) * | 2015-09-19 | 2017-08-08 | 东北电力大学 | Mechanical state of high-voltage circuit breaker monitoring method with one-class support vector machines is converted using HS |
| CN108444660B (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2020-01-07 | 国家电网公司 | Nitrogen leakage fault diagnosis method, device and system |
| KR102419985B1 (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2022-07-14 | 한국전력공사 | Apparatus, system and method for measuring vacuum level of vacuum interrupter |
| JP7443181B2 (en) | 2020-07-21 | 2024-03-05 | 株式会社東芝 | Withstanding voltage test equipment |
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| JPS5267769A (en) * | 1975-12-03 | 1977-06-04 | Hitachi Ltd | Vacuum breaker deteriorated vacuum alarm |
| JPS61294725A (en) * | 1985-06-24 | 1986-12-25 | 株式会社明電舎 | Vacuum drop detector for vacuum interruptor |
| JPH08306279A (en) * | 1995-05-08 | 1996-11-22 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Vacuum degree monitoring device for vacuum circuit-breaker |
| JPH10255609A (en) * | 1997-03-07 | 1998-09-25 | Meidensha Corp | Deterioration diagnostic apparatus for vacuum circuit-breaker |
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