JP5019396B2 - 糖代謝改善剤 - Google Patents
糖代謝改善剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5019396B2 JP5019396B2 JP2008539811A JP2008539811A JP5019396B2 JP 5019396 B2 JP5019396 B2 JP 5019396B2 JP 2008539811 A JP2008539811 A JP 2008539811A JP 2008539811 A JP2008539811 A JP 2008539811A JP 5019396 B2 JP5019396 B2 JP 5019396B2
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- 125000003647 acryloyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010419 agar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005090 alkenylcarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005092 alkenyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004397 aminosulfonyl group Chemical group NS(=O)(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003042 antagnostic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005428 anthryl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 208000011775 arteriosclerosis disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002393 azetidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003785 benzimidazolyl group Chemical group N1=C(NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004603 benzisoxazolyl group Chemical group O1N=C(C2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004618 benzofuryl group Chemical group O1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005874 benzothiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004196 benzothienyl group Chemical group S1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003354 benzotriazolyl group Chemical group N1N=NC2=C1C=CC=C2* 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004579 body weight change Effects 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004369 butenyl group Chemical group C(=CCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004063 butyryl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000001046 cacaotero Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000259 cinnolinyl group Chemical group N1=NC(=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001047 cyclobutenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000582 cycloheptyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000006639 cyclohexyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004956 cyclohexylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006641 cyclooctyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000640 cyclooctyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002433 cyclopentenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000298 cyclopropenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000006255 cyclopropyl carbonyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003493 decenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 208000033679 diabetic kidney disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000004987 dibenzofuryl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2OC3=C(C21)C=CC=C3)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000532 dioxanyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007884 disintegrant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004836 hexamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003104 hexanoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 229940125396 insulin Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005561 phenanthryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001484 phenothiazinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2SC3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003356 phenylsulfanyl group Chemical group [*]SC1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
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- XKJCHHZQLQNZHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalimide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1 XKJCHHZQLQNZHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004193 piperazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005936 piperidyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001844 prenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001042 pteridinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=NC=CN=C12)* 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002098 pyridazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001422 pyrrolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002511 suppository base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005886 tetrahydrobenzothienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003718 tetrahydrofuranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001412 tetrahydropyranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004306 triazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-O triethylammonium ion Chemical compound CC[NH+](CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003774 valeryl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001834 xanthenyl group Chemical group C1=CC=CC=2OC3=CC=CC=C3C(C12)* 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/72—Nitrogen atoms
- C07D213/75—Amino or imino radicals, acylated by carboxylic or carbonic acids, or by sulfur or nitrogen analogues thereof, e.g. carbamates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/04—Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D265/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D265/28—1,4-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-oxazines
- C07D265/30—1,4-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-oxazines not condensed with other rings
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Obesity (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Endocrinology (AREA)
- Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Pyridine Compounds (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Nitrogen And Oxygen As The Only Ring Hetero Atoms (AREA)
Description
(式中、R1は低級アルキル、
R2は水素又は低級アルキル、
Zは置換基を有していてもよい低級アルキル、置換基を有していてもよい低級アルケニル、置換基を有していてもよいアミノ、置換基を有していてもよい低級アルコキシ、置換基を有していてもよい炭化水素環式基又は置換基を有していてもよいヘテロ環式基)で示される化合物が、肥満モデルマウスにおいて用量依存的に血糖値を有意に低下させることを見出した。従って、本発明の糖代謝改善剤は、糖尿病の治療剤又は予防剤として非常に有用である。
本発明の糖代謝改善剤は体重の変化と相関することなく糖代謝を改善することができる。そのため、特に、本発明の糖代謝改善剤は、肥満が原因で糖尿病を発症した患者のみならず、非肥満者でも糖尿病を発症した患者に有用である。すなわち本発明の糖代謝改善剤は既存の糖代謝改善剤とは明らかに異なる作用機序であり、既存剤で改善が見られない、あるいは改善効果が弱い糖尿病患者にも有用である。
(1)式I:
(式中、R1は低級アルキル、
R2は水素又は低級アルキル、
Zは置換基を有していてもよい低級アルキル、置換基を有していてもよい低級アルケニル、置換基を有していてもよいアミノ、置換基を有していてもよい低級アルコキシ、置換基を有していてもよい炭化水素環式基又は置換基を有していてもよいヘテロ環式基)で示される化合物、その製薬上許容される塩又はそれらの溶媒和物を有効成分として含有する糖代謝改善剤、
(2)糖尿病治療剤又は予防剤である、(1)記載の糖代謝改善剤、を提供する。
(3)式I:
(式中、R1は低級アルキル、
R2は水素又は低級アルキル、
Zは置換基を有していてもよい低級アルキル、置換基を有していてもよい低級アルケニル、置換基を有していてもよいアミノ、置換基を有していてもよい低級アルコキシ、置換基を有していてもよい炭化水素環式基又は置換基を有していてもよいヘテロ環式基)で示される化合物、その製薬上許容される塩又はそれらの溶媒和物を投与することを特徴とする糖代謝を改善する方法。
(4)糖代謝改善剤を製造するための、式I:
(式中、R1は低級アルキル、
R2は水素又は低級アルキル、
Zは置換基を有していてもよい低級アルキル、置換基を有していてもよい低級アルケニル、置換基を有していてもよいアミノ、置換基を有していてもよい低級アルコキシ、置換基を有していてもよい炭化水素環式基又は置換基を有していてもよいヘテロ環式基)で示される化合物、その製薬上許容される塩又はそれらの溶媒和物の使用。
(5)式I:
(式中、R1は低級アルキル、
R2は水素又は低級アルキル、
Zは置換基を有していてもよい低級アルキル、置換基を有していてもよい低級アルケニル、置換基を有していてもよいアミノ、置換基を有していてもよい低級アルコキシ、置換基を有していてもよい炭化水素環式基又は置換基を有していてもよいヘテロ環式基)で示される化合物、その製薬上許容される塩又はそれらの溶媒和物を投与することを特徴とする、糖尿病の治療又は予防方法。
(6)糖尿病の治療又は予防剤を製造するための、
式I:
(式中、R1は低級アルキル、
R2は水素又は低級アルキル、
Zは置換基を有していてもよい低級アルキル、置換基を有していてもよい低級アルケニル、置換基を有していてもよいアミノ、置換基を有していてもよい低級アルコキシ、置換基を有していてもよい炭化水素環式基又は置換基を有していてもよいヘテロ環式基)で示される化合物、その製薬上許容される塩又はそれらの溶媒和物の使用。
式I:
(式中、R1は低級アルキル、
R2は水素又は低級アルキル、
Zは置換基を有していてもよい低級アルキル、置換基を有していてもよい低級アルケニル、置換基を有していてもよいアミノ、置換基を有していてもよい低級アルコキシ、置換基を有していてもよい炭化水素環式基又は置換基を有していてもよいヘテロ環式基)で示される化合物、その製薬上許容される塩又はそれらの溶媒和物。
Zにおける「置換基を有していてもよい低級アルキル」の置換基としては、例えば、(1)ハロゲン;(2)シアノ;(3)それぞれ下記に定義する置換基群βから選択される1以上の置換可能な基で置換されていてもよい(i)ヒドロキシ、(ii)低級アルコキシ、(iii)メルカプト、(iv)低級アルキルチオ、(v)アシル、(vi)アシルオキシ、(vii)カルボキシ、(viii)低級アルコキシカルボニル、(ix)イミノ、(x)カルバモイル、(xi)チオカルバモイル、(xii)低級アルキルカルバモイル、(xiii)低級アルキルチオカルバモイル、(xiv)アミノ、(xv)低級アルキルアミノもしくは(xvi)ヘテロ環カルボニルで示される基等が挙げられる。
「置換基を有していてもよい低級アルケニル」の置換基としては、ハロゲン、低級アルコキシ、低級アルケニル、アミノ、低級アルキルアミノ、低級アルコキシカルボニルアミノ、低級アルキルチオ、アシル、カルボキシ、低級アルコキシカルボニル、カルバモイル、シアノ、シクロアルキル、フェニル、低級アルキルフェニル、低級アルコキシフェニル、ナフチル及び/又はヘテロ環式基等が挙げられる。
「アシル」とは(1)炭素数1〜10、さらに好ましくは炭素数1〜6、最も好ましくは炭素数1〜4の直鎖もしくは分枝状のアルキルカルボニルもしくはアルケニルカルボニル、(2)炭素数4〜9、好ましくは炭素数4〜7のシクロアルキルカルボニル及び(3)炭素数7〜11のアリールカルボニルを包含する。具体的には、ホルミル、アセチル、プロピオニル、ブチリル、イソブチリル、バレリル、ピバロイル、ヘキサノイル、アクリロイル、プロピオロイル、メタクリロイル、クロトノイル、シクロプロピルカルボニル、シクロヘキシルカルボニル、シクロオクチルカルボニル及びベンゾイル等を包含する。
「アシルオキシ」のアシル部分も上記と同様である。
「保護されていてもよいヒドロキシ」、「保護されていてもよいヒドロキシ低級アルキル」の保護基としては、通常用いられるヒドロキシ保護基すべてを包含する。例えばアシル(アセチル、トリクロロアセチル、ベンゾイル等)、低級アルコキシカルボニル(t−ブトキシカルボニル等)、低級アルキルスルホニル(メタンスルホニル等)、低級アルコキシ低級アルキル(メトキシメチル等)、トリアルキルシリル(t−ブチルジメチルシリル等)等が挙げられる。
「ハロゲン」とは、フッ素、塩素、臭素及びヨウ素を包含する。特にフッ素及び塩素が好ましい。
「ハロゲノフェニル」、「ハロゲノ低級アルキル」のハロゲン部分は上記「ハロゲン」と同様である。
「低級アルキレン」とは、メチレンが1〜6個、好ましくは2個〜6個、さらに好ましくは3〜6個連続した2価の基を包含し、具体的にはメチレン、エチレン、トリメチレン、テトラメチレン、ペンタメチレン及びヘキサメチレン等が挙げられる。特に好ましくはテトラメチレンである。
「アルキレンジオキシ」の低級アルキレン部分は上記「低級アルキレン」と同様であり、好ましくはメチレンジオキシ又はエチレンジオキシである。
「シクロアルキル」とは、炭素数3〜8、好ましくは5又は6の環状のアルキルを包含する。具体的には、シクロプロピル、シクロブチル、シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシル、シクロへプチル及びシクロオクチル等が挙げられる。
「シクロアルケニル」とは、上記シクロアルキルの環中の任意の位置に1以上の二重結合を有しているものを包含し、具体的にはシクロプロペニル、シクロブテニル、シクロペンテニル、シクロヘキセニル及びシクロヘキサジエニル等が挙げられる。
「ビシクロアルキル」とは、2つの環が2個又はそれ以上の原子を共有している炭素数5〜8の脂肪族環から水素を1つ除いてできる基を包含する。具体的にはビシクロ[2.1.0]ペンチル、ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプチル、ビシクロ[2.2.2]オクチル及びビシクロ[3.2.1]オクチル等が挙げられる。
「アリール」とは、単環又は多環の芳香族炭素環式基であり、フェニル、ナフチル、アントリル及びフェナントリル等を包含する。また、他の非芳香族炭化水素環式基と縮合しているアリールも包含し、具体的にはインダニル、インデニル、ビフェニリル、アセナフチル、テトラヒドロナフチル及びフルオレニル等が挙げられる。特にフェニルが好ましい。
「置換基を有していてもよい炭化水素環式基」の置換基としては、上記置換基群αやβから選択される1以上の基等が挙げられ、任意の位置が置換されていてもよい。
「アリールスルホニル」のアリール部分は上記「アリール」と同様である。
ヘテロ環以外の環と縮合している縮合ヘテロ環式基(例えばベンゾチアゾリル等)は、いずれの環に結合手を有していてもよい。
Zにおけるヘテロ環式基としてはイミダゾリル、ベンゾチアゾリル、イソチアゾリル、ベンゾピラニル、モルホリノ、ピリジル、キノリル及びピリミジル等が好ましい。
「置換基を有していてもよいヘテロ環式基」の置換基は上記「炭化水素環式基」が置換されている場合の置換基と同様のものが例示される。
「ヘテロ環オキシ」、「ヘテロ環チオ」、「ヘテロ環カルボニル」、「ヘテロ環スルホニル」のヘテロ環部分は上記「ヘテロ環式基」と同様である。
(式中、Halはハロゲン、Xはシクロヘキシレンであり、その他の記号は前記と同義である)
工程A
化合物(IV)を、適当な溶媒中、必要であれば塩基存在下で目的化合物に対応する置換基R1を有する化合物(V)と反応させて化合物(II)を得る。
溶媒としてはテトラヒドロフラン、ジメチルホルムアミド、ジエチルエーテル、ジクロロメタン、トルエン、ベンゼン、キシレン、シクロヘキサン、へキサン、クロロホルム、酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル、ペンタン、ヘプタン、ジオキサン、アセトン、アセトニトリル、水及びそれらの混合溶媒等が挙げられる。好ましくはジオキサン、ジクロロメタン等である。
塩基としては水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化リチウム等が挙げられる。
反応温度は約0℃〜50℃、好ましくは約20〜30℃である。
反応時間は約5分〜30時間、好ましくは約5〜20時間である。
化合物(IV)及び(V)は公知化合物を用いてもよく、公知の化合物から常法により合成されるものを用いてもよい。
化合物(II)と目的化合物に対応する置換基Z及びR2を有する化合物(III)を適当な溶媒中、反応させる。
溶媒としてはテトラヒドロフラン、ジメチルホルムアミド、ジエチルエーテル、ジクロロメタン、トルエン、ベンゼン、キシレン、シクロヘキサン、へキサン、クロロホルム、酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル、ペンタン、ヘプタン、ジオキサン、アセトン、アセトニトリル、水及びそれらの混合溶媒等が挙げられる。好ましくはジメチルホルムアミド、テトラヒドロフラン、酢酸エチル等である。
必要であれば1,3−ジシクロヘキシルカルボジイミド、1−エチル−3−(3−ジメチルアミノ)カ−ボジイミド(WSCD;水溶性カルボジイミド)等の縮合剤、1−ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール、3,4−ジヒドロ−3−ヒドロキシ−4−オキソ−1,2,3−ベンゾトリアジン等の酸性の添加剤の存在下で反応させればよい。
反応温度は約0℃〜50℃、好ましくは約20〜30℃である。
反応時間は約5分〜30時間、好ましくは約5〜20時間である。
保護した後、上記各工程の反応に付し、適当な段階で適当な溶媒中、酸又は塩基で処理して脱保護すればよい。溶媒としては、テトラヒドロフラン、ジメチルホルムアミド、ジエチルエーテル、ジクロロメタン、トルエン、ベンゼン、キシレン、シクロヘキサン、へキサン、クロロホルム、酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル、ペンタン、ヘプタン、ジオキサン、アセトン、アセトニトリル及びそれらの混合溶媒等が使用可能であり、塩基としてはヒドラジン、ピリジン、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム等が、酸としては塩酸、トリフルオロ酢酸、フッ化水素酸等が挙げられる。
また、この間体重変化に統計学的に有意な差は見られなかった(図2)。
Claims (6)
- 糖尿病治療剤又は予防剤である、請求項1記載の糖代謝改善剤。
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