JP5013232B1 - Aggregate using Shinmoedake eruption ash, its manufacturing method and building material using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To solve the problem of waste disposal of volcanic ash fall, and to use a fired product having different red and black color pigment functions by firing in different furnace atmospheres, and thus a rich brick A fired product using Shinmoedake eruption ash from which building materials such as roof tiles and tiles can be obtained, and a method for producing the fired product.
SOLUTION: Shinmoedake eruption ash is fired in different kiln furnace atmospheres to develop red and black colors to obtain architectural aggregates. In addition, Shinmoedake eruption ash is a coloring pigment that also serves as an aggregate, mixed with Yamanoguchi clay, and the composition of the volcanic ash is a firing atmosphere. Get tiles, blocks and tiles.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to brick and tile aggregates made from volcanic ash, and more particularly to a technique for reusing erupted ash from Mt. Shinmoedake, which is a volcanic volcano in the South Kyushu region.

  Volcanic ash generated in large quantities due to volcanic eruptions is difficult to use as resources or dispose of as industrial waste. The ash fall from Mt. Shinmoedake, which has continued to erupt on a large scale since January 2011, has no effective use at present. The present invention has been proposed in order to cope with such a worrisome situation, and a main object thereof is to reuse the Shinmoedake ash deposited on the road surface as a construction / civil engineering material. The volcanic ash deposited on the road surface hinders traffic, and the volcanic ash deposited in the fields causes great damage to alley crops and the like, and also has an adverse effect on the human body, causing environmental destruction and is becoming a major social problem. Under such circumstances, the allowable amount of waste disposal sites owned by local governments and the construction of new final disposal sites have problems with local security and cannot be dealt with promptly.

  Conventionally, as a technique for reusing volcanic ash for building materials, etc., a block formed by mixing Usu volcanic ash with slag, gravel and cement (see Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2). A method of manufacturing ceramic products such as lightweight aggregates, tiles, blocks, bricks, etc. using volcanic ash collected from Chitose and Tomakomai, clay, and shale rocks as raw materials (see Patent Document 3). A fired body using volcanic ash as a raw material component (see Patent Document 4). Ibushi tile using volcanic ash as a raw material component (see Patent Document 5). Tiles made by burning volcanic gravel and volcanic ash with ceramic materials (see Patent Document 6). Artificial chestnut stone and artificial blocks using active volcanic ash deposited indefinitely in the volcanic zone in Japan (see Patent Document 7). Artificial building materials (see Patent Document 8) obtained by firing high-temperature volcanic ash from Unzen Fugendake have been proposed.

In addition, for example, a crystallized glassy artificial building material that is fired at a high temperature using an artificial glass material mainly composed of SiO ₂ , Al ₂ O ₃ , CaO, or the like is commercially available. Unlike natural marble, this artificial building material has good acid resistance (acid rain resistance) and can be used outdoors. Like granite, which is stable in acid resistance, it is widely used as an internal and external paint material. A feature of this artificial building material is that a desired color can be obtained by selecting a pigment. In particular, it is highly adaptable to light shades. However, in order to increase the color tone, it is necessary to increase the ratio of the pigment added. For example, if it is desired to obtain a granite tone, the cost increases. As a reference to such a color after firing, as shown in Patent Document 9, a method for producing a black ceramic product by reducing and firing clay containing a metal compound such as iron, chromium, cobalt, nickel, etc. Has been proposed.

JP 2002-201055 A JP 2002-242107 A Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 3-4619 Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 2-1792 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-130514 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 61-59646 JP-A-7-149551 JP-A-6-183818 Japanese Patent No. 3554693

  However, the above prior art documents are limited to the reuse of volcanic ash as a building material, as an aggregate in the state as it is, and a method of using it as a coloring material derived from the physical properties of volcanic ash itself, manufactured using it. No mention is made of the waterproofness and strength of the blocks and roof tiles. In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention not only solves the problem of waste disposal of volcanic ash, but also develops different colors in two colors of red and black by firing in different furnace atmospheres. An aggregate using Shinmoedake eruption ash, which can be used to obtain a fired product having a pigment function, and can be used to obtain building materials such as bricks, tiles, blocks, and tiles that are rich in color. The purpose is to provide.

The aggregate according to the present invention has a first feature of producing a red or black color by firing volcanic ash, which is an ejecta from Shinmoedake, in a different kiln furnace atmosphere. . Also, building materials according to the present invention, the aggregate having a color of the resulting reddish or blackish by the manufacturing method, and Yamanokuchi clay or cement or alumina cement, that solidified molded by mixing water The second feature. Furthermore, the building material according to the present invention is made by kneading a material having a blending ratio of 5-50% by weight of volcanic ash, which is an ejecta from Shinmoedake, and a blending ratio of Yamanoguchi clay or cement or alumina cement of 5-50% by weight. A third feature is that after molding , firing is performed in a different furnace atmosphere to develop a red or black color .

The present invention has the following excellent effects.
(1) Shinmoedake eruption ash with a high content of SiO ₂ and Al ₂ O ₃ becomes an aggregate that increases the strength of the material, and the fastness is increased by high-temperature firing at 1000 ° C. or higher.
(2) From the composition of the volcanic ash, abundant variations of fired products with a wide color range can be obtained depending on the furnace atmosphere (oxidizing flame, neutral flame, reducing flame).
(3) Since it can be effectively used as secondary products such as bricks, tiles, blocks, etc., new market development is possible and the effect of economic levitation is great.
(4) Volcanic ash as waste can be used effectively and can contribute to resource recycling.

It is a graph which shows the X-ray diffraction data of Yamanoguchi clay. Shinmoe is a graph showing changes in SiO ₂ of whole rock composition of ejecta. Shinmoe is a graph showing changes in SiO ₂ stone group glass ejecta.

  Hereinafter, the brick using the Shinmoedake volcanic ash and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention will be described based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.

The bricks and tiles produced according to the present invention are mainly composed of clay (hereinafter referred to as Yamanoguchi Clay) produced from the area around Yamanoguchi Town, Miyakonojo City, Miyazaki Prefecture, and are mixed with about 45% by weight of Shinmoedake eruption ash. The composition of volcanic ash is mainly composed of SiO ₂ and Al ₂ O ₃ , and among them, a large amount of Al ₂ O ₃ is contained. Therefore, when it is baked at a high temperature of 1000 ° C. or higher, a robust tile or brick can be obtained. Furthermore, metal oxides such as FeO and MgO having a high content develop in various colors according to the atmosphere in the furnace. The tile manufactured in this way (hereinafter referred to as Miyazaki tile) is well baked and has excellent waterproofness and strength. In the JIS standard, “water absorption” and “bending strength” are defined as measures of waterproofness and strength of roof tiles, respectively. The water absorption and bending strength of Miyazaki roof tiles are shown in Table 3 and Table 4 below. As shown, the JIS standard is cleared, and damage to the roof tile due to freezing of water is suppressed, and an effect excellent in cold resistance is produced. Table 1 shows the chemical composition of Yamanoguchi clay.

Here, Shinmoedake volcanic ash (hereinafter simply referred to as volcanic ash) used in the present invention will be described. From the chemical analysis of the volcanic ash and the X-ray diffraction results shown in the graph of FIG. 1, it was found that the volcanic ash had properties similar to clay. However, the particle size was found to be coarse compared to clay. As a reference, the chemical analysis results are shown in Table 2. Since volcanic ash has a high SiO ₂ content, is acidic, and has low strength, it can be made into a material having high strength by mixing with cement having a high basicity (CaO wt% / SiO ₂ wt%).

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below. However, the raw material used in this example is a volcanic ash of Shinmoedake as shown in Table 2 below, and a powdery raw material having a particle size of 0.5 mm or less. This raw material was fired by the following method. That is, volcanic ash is refired to vitrify. In re-firing, a slurry in which water and a hardener made of Yamanoguchi clay, cement, or alumina cement are mixed with incinerated volcanic ash, or a mixture of volcanic volume with this, solidified into a flat plate shape, for example. The molded product is fired at a temperature of about 1000 ° C., preferably 1000 ° C. or higher.

  Ferrous oxide in volcanic ash is oxidized to ferric oxide and turns red when it comes into contact with oxygen in the air at high temperatures. Further, when an antioxidant is injected into the furnace and cooled to a temperature range in which the oxidation reaction due to oxygen in the furnace atmosphere does not occur, the ferrous oxide becomes black without being oxidized.

[Petrological examination of the magmatic material of the Shinmoedake eruption]
The magmatic material (pumice) erupted from the eruption of Mt. White pumice is rich in SiO ₂ compared to brown and gray pumice in both the whole rock composition and the stone base composition. This compositional diversity comes from the mixing of at least two magmas at different temperatures, presumably just before the eruption, and the white pumice is likely to be the cold magma itself. Identification of the storage depth of these end-component magmas is required for the interpretation of geophysically observed pressure sources. As shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the whole rock composition of the ejecta of the January 26 eruption is in the composition range formed by past Shinmoedake eruptions, and those with poor SiO ₂ (brown / gray pumice) It has a composition similar to the eruption of Kyoho (1716-1717).

[sample]
Pumice blocks of several centimeters in size are used for whole rock chemical composition analysis, and pumice particles in volcanic ash are used for rapid preparation of polished pieces mounted with many particles for analysis of stone-based glass and phenocryst mineral composition. did. The sampler was Junichi Hirabayashi, Professor Emeritus of Tokyo Institute of Technology for both Samples 1 and 2.
(Sample 1: Pumice block)
Collection date and time: Thursday, January 27, 2011 Collection location: Miyagi Castle Miike Elementary School Sample selection: Four samples were selected from the collected dozen pumice stones to cover the variety of colors.
(Sample 2: Volcanic ash)
Collection date and time: Thursday, January 27, 2011 Collection location: A point 3km from Miyakonojo Interchange on National Highway 10 toward Miyazaki.
Volcanic ash treatment and sample selection: The maximum diameter of volcanic ash constituent particles is 5 mm.
This volcanic ash is ultrasonically washed with pure water, and then the supernatant is poured, and the remaining particles are sieved to select fresh pumice (magma material) from a portion of 1 mm or more. Pumice stones have a variety of white, brown, and gray colors, and striped pumice with a mixture of white, brown, and gray is also recognized.

[Results of whole rock composition analysis]
Table 2 shows the values recalculated so that the total content of the main elements is 100% by weight, and the total analysis value before the recalculation (bottom row). The SiO ₂ content of white pumice is about 3% by weight higher than the remaining pumice.

[Stone-based glass composition]
In order to investigate whether the difference in the whole rock composition was due to the difference in the melt composition of the magma, an attempt was made to analyze the stone base corresponding to the melt part. In the white part of pumice, regardless of whether the color is uniform with single particles (striped pumice), the stone base consists of glass only. On the other hand, in the gray / brown part, fine crystals (microlite) are also present on the stone base. This indicates that the melt crystallized by the amount of microlite. As shown in the graph of FIG. 3, despite the crystallization, the gray / brown part melt is more undifferentiated than the white part, and is poor in SiO ₂ and rich in MgO.

Bending strength test:; Bending strength (JIS A 5371 recommended specification B-3) interlocking blocks in is a piecewise 3 3.0 N / mm ² or more was in Category 5 5.0 N / mm ² or more . Therefore, the Shinmoedake volcanic ash-containing bricks of this example sufficiently satisfied the category 5. The results are shown in Table 3.

Compressive Strength Test: compressive strength of bricks as defined in (JIS R 1250), the two in 15.0 N / mm ² or more, 3 kinds at 20.0N / mm ² or more, 30.0 N / mm ² at four That's it. Therefore, it can be said that the bricks containing Mt. Shinmoedake volcanic ash tested this time sufficiently satisfy the four types of quality. The results are shown in Table 4.

The graph of FIG. 3 is a Si ₂ O ₈ variation diagram groundmass glass, the average single plot 1 pumice particles. For each particle, analyze 10 points in the white part and 5 points in the gray / brown part. The brown part has slightly more Fe and Ti than the base part, and conversely the white part has slightly less Fe and Ti.

Shinmoedake eruption ash with a high content of SiO ₂ and Al ₂ O ₃ serves as an aggregate that increases the strength of the fired product, and the fastness increases at high temperatures of 1000 ° C. or higher. This was sufficiently proved from test results such as the bending strength test recommended by JISA5371. From the composition of the color characteristics, a wide variety of variations can be baked depending on the kiln atmosphere (oxidation flame, neutral flame, reduction flame). In other words, the feature of the volcanic ash that is the aggregate is that strength and abundant colors are obtained.

  In addition, if the temperature range during the reduction firing is too high, the reduction reaction of ferric oxide or the like proceeds excessively, and the reduced ferrous oxide is further reduced and is not darkened black. If the temperature is too low, the reduction reaction does not proceed and does not change to black, so control must be performed to maintain a temperature range suitable for reducing ferric oxide to ferrous oxide.

  In addition, since the firing conditions of bricks in the kiln vary greatly depending on the kiln operation method, size, firing time, type of fuel used, weight of the object to be fired, and other conditions, when applying the present invention Considering the conditions of the kiln to be used and the object to be fired, the oxidation firing temperature, the reduction time, the amount of hydrocarbon gas, the amount of air, and the amount of nitrogen gas are adjusted according to the desired product color.

Claims (3)

A method for producing an aggregate, characterized in that red or black color is developed by firing volcanic ash, which is an ejecta from Shinmoedake, in different kiln atmospheres. The claims 1 aggregate obtained by the production method described in the Yamanokuchi clay or cement or alumina cement, building materials, characterized in that the solidifying and molding a mixture of water. After kneading and molding a material containing 5-50% by weight of volcanic ash, which is ejected from Mt. Shinmoedake, and 5-50% by weight of Yamanoguchi clay or cement or alumina cement , firing in a different furnace atmosphere Then , a building material characterized by developing a red or black color .

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