JP4994592B2 - Impact device in impact crusher - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a striking device around a horizontal rotating shaft in an impact crusher (impact crusher).

  In a conventional impact crusher, a rotor disk is provided on a horizontal rotating shaft provided in the machine box, and a replaceable striking plate is provided on the outer periphery of the rotor disc in a substantially radial direction at every uniform opening angle (for example, about 90 degrees). The outer end portion of the rotor is exposed to the outside from the rotor disk, and a striking surface that is substantially parallel to the diameter surface is protruded in the rotating direction from the exposed portion (for example, Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3).

  The multiple striking surfaces rotate from the center line of the horizontal axis of rotation on a circular trajectory with a fixed radius. The feed material is struck against the repellent plate at each striking surface, and the impact material is crushed by the impact. did.

JP-A-11-319600 JP 2003-53206 A JP 2003-93904 A

  By the way, as shown in FIG. 5, this type of impact crusher rotates each of the striking surfaces on a unique circumferential trajectory, so that the feedstock is hit only within the sole circumferential trajectory, It was performed only on the only circumferential trajectory, and even if the number of striking plates and the rotation speed were increased, it could not be a factor for dramatically increasing the amount of crushing.

  That is, the higher the rotation speed of the striking disc rotor, the narrower the gaps (sets S, S ′, S ″) between the striking plate and the repulsion plate, and the more power consumption, the better the crushing performance. On the contrary decreases.

  The reason for this is that if the rotational speed of the rotor increases, the kinetic energy at the time of collision with the raw material increases, so that the raw material is easily crushed and the crushability is improved. Since the timing of hitting is advanced, hitting and crushing at the front of the hitting plate is difficult to occur, and hitting at the corners of the raw material, that is, foul tip phenomenon is likely to occur. This causes undesirable raw material powdering.

  In addition, the narrower the set, the more the raw material cannot be passed unless it is finely divided. Depending on the production granularity, the narrower the set, the longer the residence time of the raw material in the crushing chamber. To do. The particle size of the product to be produced is determined by the third set S ″ (for example, 40 mm).

  If the residence time is further increased, a large amount of raw material exists in the crushing chamber, which consumes useless power as energy for rotating the rotor.

  In the present invention, it is possible to suppress the consumption of useless power by installing the striking plate on the rotor in a stepwise manner, and it is possible to dramatically improve the crushing processing amount (production amount) by performing efficient crushing. It aims at obtaining the hitting device in an impact crusher.

The present invention is in the machine box making the first in order to achieve the above object, the outer peripheral rotor disk fitted with several striking plate is provided, the striking a plurality of repulsion plate corresponding to the striking plate in the top cover In an impact crusher comprising a plurality of crushing chambers composed of a plate and the repulsion plate , the plurality of striking plates are mounted on the outer periphery of the rotor disk alternately in steps along the circumferential direction , and the rotation center The minimum distance between the repulsion plate and the striking plate is extended every other striking plate along the circumferential direction, and the stepped striking plate It is comprised by the striking device in the impact crusher whose level | step difference is smaller than or substantially the same as the height of the striking surface of a striking plate .

  Second, the impact surface is constituted by the impact device in the impact crusher according to the first invention, wherein the impact surface is substantially common or parallel to the diameter surface of the rotor disk and projects from the impact plate main body in the rotation direction.

Third, a rotor disk having a plurality of striking plates mounted on the outer periphery is provided in the machine box, a plurality of repulsion plates corresponding to the striking plates are provided in the upper lid, and a plurality of crushing chambers are formed by the striking plates and the repelling plates. In the configured impact crusher, the plurality of striking plates are mounted on the outer periphery of the rotor disk in the circumferential direction so that the striking surfaces are gradually lowered from each other and in a point-symmetrical position with the rotation center as the center. It is configured so that the minimum distance between the repellent plate and the striking plate gradually increases along the circumferential direction with each passing of the striking plate, and the step of the stepped striking plate is formed on the striking surface of the striking plate. It is constituted by a striking device in an impact crusher that is smaller than or substantially identical to the height .

  Fourthly, the striking device in the impact crusher according to the first or second aspect of the present invention is configured such that the step difference in level is substantially the same as the height of the striking surface of the striking plate.

  Accordingly, when the raw material is introduced from the machine inlet, the raw material flows along the raw material supply inclined plate toward the center of the rotor disk, and the above raw material is supported by the first striking surface supported stepwise from the center of the rotor disk. It is struck and crushed by hitting the repellent plate, and further, it is struck by the second striking surface that rotates next and hits the repellent plate and is crushed by impact. Will be.

According to the striking device of the present invention, the striking plates are arranged on the outer periphery of the rotor disk, thereby realizing efficient crushing and also facilitating the discharge of the raw material in the crushing chamber, thereby consuming unnecessary power. While suppressing, the effect that production volume can be increased significantly is acquired.
In addition, by configuring the striking plate in steps, effective crushing in each crushing chamber R1 to R3 and the transition to the crushing chamber of the next stage can be performed smoothly, and a wasteful stay phenomenon can be suppressed. Thus, a large amount of crushing processing can be performed by efficiently crushing while suppressing unnecessary power.

  The machine box 1 includes a lower casing 8 having an opening 1 'on the bottom surface, an upper casing 8', and a casing upper lid 4, and has an inlet 6 in the upper casing 8 '.

  A bearing provided on both upper walls of the lower casing 8 supports a horizontal rotary shaft 9, which is extended to the outside of the machine, and is provided with a rotation driving V pulley at the extended end.

  The horizontal rotating shaft 9 is provided with the rotor disk 3 and can be rotated in the direction of arrow a by the horizontal rotating shaft 9. In the outer periphery of the rotor disk 3, loading grooves 10 and 10 ′ of the striking plates 2 and 2 ′ are formed in parallel with the diameter surface D passing through the center line of the horizontal rotating shaft 9 and at the same opening angle position.

  If the opening angle of the charging grooves 10 and 10 'is 90 degrees, the number of charging grooves is four, six if the opening angle is 60 degrees, and eight at 45 degrees. The striking plates 2 and 2 ′ are inserted into the respective loading grooves 10 and 10 ′, and the striking surfaces 2 b and 2 b of these striking plates 2 and 2 ′ are exposed to the outside from the outer periphery of the rotor disk 3.

  The upper casing 8 ′ has a casing upper lid 4, and the upper lid 4 is pivotally supported by a horizontal shaft 11 at the base of the lower casing 8 so that the upper and rear surfaces of the upper casing 8 ′ are hydraulic cylinders (not shown). ) Can be opened and closed.

  The first and second swing arms 12 and 12 ′ are moved up and down around the horizontal axis 14 by the first and second adjustment screws 13 and 13 ′ inside the upper lid 4, A repulsion plate 5 is provided, and second and third repulsion plates 5 ′ and 5 ″ are provided on the second swing arm 12 ′.

  A raw material supply inclined plate 7 is formed on the lower edge of the inlet 6 by a casing liner 7 ′, and the upper surface thereof is directed to the horizontal rotating shaft 9 (rotor disk central portion) of the rotor disk 3. (Impact crusher) is formed.

  The insertion grooves 10 and 10 ′ are formed in the same shape by the front and rear groove surfaces 10 a and 10 a ′ parallel to the diameter surface D and the bottom surface 10 ″ orthogonal to the diameter surface D, but the outer peripheral side of the rotor disk 3. In other words, the insertion grooves 10, 10 are provided at a predetermined distance from the center of the rotor disk 3, and the insertion grooves 10 ′, 10 ′ are the respective insertion grooves 10, 10. It is provided at a position closer to the center of the rotor disk 3 (a lower position) than the installation position.

  Since the striking plates 2 and 2 ′ having the same shape are inserted and mounted in the charging grooves 10 and 10 ′, the striking plates 2 and 2 ′ are also alternately mounted in steps. That is, the tip positions (blade edges) of the striking plates 2 and 2 mounted in the charging grooves 10 and 10 are the tip positions of the striking plates 2 ′ and 2 ′ mounted in the charging grooves 10 ′ and 10 ′ (see FIG. The blade tip protrudes in the radial direction.

  As shown in FIG. 3, each of the striking plates 2 and 2 'is a rectangular alloy plate having a vertically symmetric vertical cross section and long in the horizontal direction. The striking surfaces 2b and 2b are top and bottom and have a triangular cross section in the middle. It has back and front ridges 2a and 2a, and the striking surfaces 2b and 2b project from the striking plates 2 and 2 'in the opposite direction, and can be used upside down.

  When the striking plate 2, 2 ′ formed in this way is inserted into the charging groove 10, 10 ′ and mounted in the groove 10, 10 ′ with the front and rear fixing blocks 15, 15 ′, the striking plate 2, 2 ′ is mounted. Since the height of 2 'is longer than the depth of the loading grooves 10, 10', the striking surfaces 2b, 2b of the striking plates 2, 2 'are exposed to the outside from the outer periphery of the rotor disk 3, and the loading grooves 10, 10' The striking plates 2 and 2 'can be mounted alternately in different levels, and the striking surfaces 2b and 2b are also alternately disposed in different levels.

  Then, the step due to the step is formed to be substantially the same (or small) as the height d (see FIG. 3) of the striking surfaces 2b, 2b, and these striking surfaces 2b, 2b are common to or substantially parallel to the diameter surface D. Arrange on the surface.

  The first repulsion plate 5 has an arc shape opposed to the tangential direction of the trajectory circumference w of the striking surface 2b passing through the lower end of the raw material supply inclined plate 7 from the bottom to the top. For example, coal supplied from the inclined plate 7 The ascending flight of the stone by the first striking surface 2b is impact repelled, and the repelled descending coal stone sequentially impacts the second and third repellent plates 5 ′, 5 ″ by the second striking surface 2b having a low step. The limestone is crushed by the above, and the particle diameter is reduced to a predetermined particle size from the outlet 1 ′.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 4, the minimum gap between the striking plate 2, 2 'tip of the device and the first repelling plate 5 is set to the first set t1, t1' (t1: first repelling plate 5 and striking plate). 2, t 1 ′: minimum distance between the first repellent plate 5 and the striking plate 2 ′, t 1 <t 1 ′), minimum distance between the striking plates 2, 2 ′ and the second repelling plate 5 ′ The second set t2, t2 ′ (t2: the minimum distance between the second repellent plate 5 ′ and the striking plate 2, t2 ′: the minimum distance between the second repellent plate 5 ′ and the striking plate 2 ′, t2 <t2 ′ ), A minimum gap between the tip of the striking plate 2, 2 ′ and the third repelling plate 5 ″ is a third set t3, t3 ′ (t3: a minimum distance between the third repelling plate 5 ″ and the striking plate 2, t3 Assuming that “: the minimum distance between the third repellent plate 5” and the striking plate 2 ′, t3 <t3 ′), the first set t1, t1 ′ in both the striking plate 2 and the striking plate 2 ′. The relationship of the second set t2, t2 ′> the third set t3, t3 ′ is satisfied. For example, the size of the third set t3, t3 ′ is t3 = 40 mm in the case of the striking plate 2, and the striking plate 2 ′. In the case of t3 ′ = 100 mm.

  The first crushing space formed by the first repulsion plate 5 and the striking plates 2 and 2 ′ is the first crushing chamber R1, and the next crushing space formed by the second repulsion plate 5 ′ and the striking plates 2 and 2 ′. The crushing space is called the second crushing chamber R2, and the next crushing space formed by the third repulsion plate 5 ″ and the striking plates 2, 2 ′ is called the third crushing chamber R3.

  The impact crusher configured as described above operates as follows.

  In a state where the rotor disk 3 is rotated at a constant rotational speed (circumferential speed), a raw material (for example, limestone having a particle size of 200 mm or less, 40 mm or more) is charged from the charging port. The charged raw material falls from the inclined plate 7 toward the rotor disk 3, for example, hits the striking surface 2 b of the striking plate 2 that has come first, and is crushed, and the crushed pieces fly toward the first repulsion plate 5. Then, it collides with the repellent plate 5 and is further crushed and falls by its own weight.

  Then, the striking surface 2b of the next striking plate 2 'having the striking surface 2b hits the lower position with respect to the debris that has fallen due to its own weight, and the debris further collides with the repulsion plate 5 and is crushed. The hitting surface 2b of the striking plate 2 having the striking surface 2b at a position higher than the striking plate 2 'hits the falling pieces, and the fragments are further crushed.

  At this time, the striking plate 2 at the high position arrives after the striking plate 2 'at the low position has passed, so that the depth of the raw material entering the front surface of the striking surface 2b of the striking plate 2 is the conventional type (same height). As a result, the striking surface 2b of the striking plate 2 (high position) can easily hit the raw material (debris). That is, the striking surface 2b of the striking plate 2 positioned higher than the debris that has fallen due to its own weight cleanly hits and is reliably crushed.

  Further, fragments larger than the first set t1 or t1 ′ cannot pass through this gap (first set t1 or t1 ′) and remain in the first crushing chamber R1, but the first set t1 In order to expand to t1 ′ when the next striking plate 2 ′ passes (t1 <t1 ′), debris that can pass through the expanded gap t1 ′ can be transferred to the second crushing chamber R2 at this point. Thereby, the smooth transition to 2nd crushing chamber R2 is promoted, and the residence of the fragment for a long time in 1st crushing chamber R1 can be prevented.

  The raw material finer than the first set t1 moves to the next second crushing chamber R2, and the crushing efficiently proceeds in the second crushing chamber R2 on the same principle as in the first crushing chamber R1. And the raw material which can pass 2nd set t2 transfers to 3rd crushing chamber R3. At this time, the second set is also expanded from the gap t2 when the striking plate 2 passes through to the gap t2 ′ when the next striking plate 2 ′ passes (t2 <t2 ′). The transition to R3 is promoted, and the stagnation phenomenon of the raw material is prevented.

  The raw material finer than the second set t2 moves to the next third crushing chamber R3, and the crushing progresses efficiently in the third crushing chamber R3 by the same principle as in the first crushing chamber R1. To do. As a result, in the third crushing chamber R3, the raw material is crushed to a target particle size (for example, 40 mm) or less and passes through the gaps of the third set t3, t3 ′ (for example, t3 = 40 mm, t3 ′ = 100 mm). It falls from the discharge port 1 ′ and is transported by a transport conveyor (not shown) or the like. Also at this time, since the third set is alternately expanded from t3 to t3 ', the discharge from the discharge port 1' is smoothly performed, and the retention of the raw material in the third crushing chamber R3 is suppressed.

  In this way, by constructing the striking plates 2 and 2 ′ in steps, it is possible to smoothly perform effective crushing in each crushing chamber R1 to R3 and transfer to the crushing chamber in the next stage, and a wasteful stay phenomenon. Thus, a large amount of crushing treatment can be performed by efficiently crushing while suppressing wasteful power.

Since the impact crusher of the present invention operates in this way, the following effects are obtained.
(1) Compared to the same position arrangement (FIG. 5) of the conventional striking plate 2 in which all the distances between the third repellent plate 5 ″ and the striking plate 2 are the same (for example, 40 mm) (FIG. 5), the above staggered striking plate 2 according to the present invention. , 2 ′, the first set to the third set are changed from 40 mm to 100 mm (this is an example of the third set) and the set (gap) is changed (enlarged every other), so that the volume on the discharge side is increased. Since this is substantially more than twice, the processing amount (discharge amount) can be greatly increased.

(2) In each of the first to third crushing chambers, the raw material that has passed through the wider set (low striking plate 2 ') is the next narrower set (40mm in the third set) (high position). The hitting plate 2 may be hit and crushed, and the next wider set (100 mm in the third set) (lower position) may be hit and crushed. Among these, in the crushing by the next narrower set (high position) striking plate 2 from the passage of the wider set (low position) striking plate 2 ′, the raw material dropped by its own weight is placed at a higher position. Since the striking surface 2b of a certain striking plate 2 is positioned, the depth of the raw material entering the front surface of the striking surface 2b becomes deep, which makes it easier for the striking plate 2 to make a clean hit on the raw material and improve the crushability of the raw material. .

(3) Since the peripheral speed is constant, the friability is not reduced.

(4) Since the probability of a clean hit increases with respect to the raw material due to the principle of (2) above, so-called foul chips are reduced in which the striking surface 2b hits only the corner of the raw material and crushes only the corner of the raw material. To do. For this reason, useless powdering does not occur.

(5) Since the raw material is discharged smoothly, it is not necessary to consume unnecessary power for stirring. That is, in the conventional type, since each set is constant, the residence time of the raw material becomes long, and there is a case where a so-called potato washing state is obtained. In this state, the rotor has to be rotated in a state where a large amount of raw material is present in the crushing chamber, and thus a large amount of power is required. In the present invention, as described above, each crushing chamber R1 to R3 is required. Since the set inside is expanded alternately, the transfer or discharge of the raw material is carried out smoothly, so that the residence time of the raw material can be shortened. It can be realized.

(6) As described above, according to the striking device according to the present invention, the rotation trajectory width of the striking surface that forms the step of the stepped striking plate is increased, so that the input raw material can be increased and the impact crushing amount is dramatically increased. It can be made to.

  FIG. 2 shows another embodiment, which has the same configuration as that of FIG. 1. However, there are six striking plates 2, 2 ′, 2 ″, and each striking plate 2, 2 ′, The mounting position of the 2 ″ rotor disk is gradually lowered in the order of the striking plate 2, the striking plate 2 ′, and the striking plate 2 ″. As a result of such a configuration, the third repellent plate 5 ″ The distance between the striking plate 2 ″ and the repellent plate 5 ″ is t, the distance between the striking plate 2 ′ and the repellent plate 5 ″ is t ′, and the distance between the striking plate 2 ″ and the repellent plate 5 ″ is t. Then, t <t ′ <t ”. In this case, for example, in the third set, t = 40 mm (striking plate 2), t ′ = 70 mm (striking plate 2 ′), and t ″ = 100 mm (striking plate 2 ″).

  With this configuration, the same effects as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 can be obtained. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, since the passage width of the crushed limestone gradually increases to 2 <2 ′ <2 ”, the crushed limestone is transferred by one rotation of the rotor disk 3 together with an efficient crushing operation. Can be promoted, and the discharge amount (production amount) can be increased.

  A performance comparison was made between the conventional impact crusher and the impact crusher according to the present invention. In Table 1, a conventional impact crusher is expressed as “striking plate same position arrangement”.

Further, in this embodiment, the “normal type” is a normal type with a production amount of 80 t / h, and the “mass processing type” is that the volume of the crushing chamber is increased from the “normal type” so that a large amount of raw material can be swallowed. What you did.

  As the impact crusher in this embodiment, the “normal type” impact crusher having only the striking plate arrangement as shown in FIG. 1 is used. That is, four striking plates 2 and 2 'are provided, and the step between adjacent striking plates 2 and 2' is substantially the same as or slightly smaller than the height d of the striking surface 2b. Therefore, the rotor disk diameter and the rotor disk width of the “conventional type” and the impact crusher according to the present invention are the same. Limestone having a raw material particle size of 200 mm or less and 40 mm or more was used.

  The peripheral speed and the first to third sets were the same as the “conventional type” (as a result, the distance from the center of the rotor disk 3 to the striking surface 2b of the striking plates 2 and 2 ′ is different, so that they are alternately adjacent. The interval (set) differs depending on the striking plates 2 and 2 ').

  The distance from the center of the rotor disk 3 to the striking surface 2b varies depending on the striking plates 2 and 2 'having different steps. In the present embodiment, the interval t3 of the narrowest set (third set) is 40 mm, and the interval t3 of the third set at the next striking plate 2 'is 80 to 120 mm. Specifically, t3 ′ = 100 mm. This value can be arbitrarily changed according to the conditions of the target raw material (friability, abrasion, etc.). Therefore, in the case of this example, four rows (four pieces) of the striking plates 2 and 2 ′ are alternately arranged, and the distance between the third repulsion plates 5 ″ is t3 = 40 mm and t3 ′ = 100 mm.

  The performance comparison results in this example are shown in Table 1. As shown in the table, the production volume was more than 3 times (a little less than 4 times) compared to the conventional type, and the production volume was dramatically improved. Since the yield is maintaining the conventional type, for example, the production amount of 40 mm or less is more than 3 times (a little less than 4 times) that of the conventional type.

  Further, as described above, the retention of the raw material in the rotor can be suppressed, so that the power unit (power consumption per unit time [kWh / t]) can be reduced from the conventional mass processing type, which is useless. It was found that an efficient crushing process can be realized without consuming power.

It was also found that the same effects as the effects (1) to (5) can be obtained by this example. That is,
(1) As described above, the alternate steps of the present embodiment are different from the same position arrangement of the conventional hitting plates 2 in four rows in which the distance t3 between the third repelling plate 5 ″ and the hitting plate 2 in the third set is 40 mm. Since the gaps t3 and t3 ′ are alternately changed from 40 mm to 100 mm in the striking plates 2 and 2 ′, the volume on the discharge side is substantially more than doubled, which greatly increases the processing amount (discharge amount). Could be increased.

(2) When the raw material that has passed through the wider set 5 ″ (100 mm in the third set) is crushed by the hitting plate 2 at the next interval t (40 mm in the third set), Since the penetration depth of the raw material was deeper than that of the conventional type, the striking plate 2 was cleanly set to the raw material, and the crushability could be improved.

(3) Since the peripheral speed (rotational speed of the rotor) is the same as that of the “conventional type”, the crushing performance does not drop compared to the “conventional type”.

(4) Since foul chips (crushing only the corners of the raw material) are reduced, wasteful pulverization does not occur. As a result, it was possible to improve the product yield in coarse aggregate production, for example, 20 mm to 5 mm products, compared to the conventional mass processing type.

(5) It was found that since the raw material is discharged smoothly, unnecessary power for stirring is not consumed.

It is a side view which shows the striking device in the impact crusher of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the space | interval of the 3rd repulsion board in the state which provided the striking board in three steps, and a striking board. It is a partial perspective view of a striking board. It is explanatory drawing which shows the space | interval of each repulsion board of the state which has arrange | positioned the striking board in steps, and a striking board. It is a side view of the conventional hitting device.

Explanation of symbols

1 Machine box 2, 2 'striking plate 2 "striking plate 2b striking surface 3 rotor disk 4 upper lid 5, 5', 5" repulsion plate 6 slot d striking surface height D diameter surface

Claims (4)

A rotor disk with a plurality of striking plates mounted on the outer periphery is provided in the machine box, a plurality of repulsion plates corresponding to the striking plates are provided in the upper lid, and a plurality of crushing chambers are constituted by the striking plates and the repelling plates. In the impact crusher
The plurality of striking plates are mounted on the outer periphery of the rotor disk alternately with different heights along the circumferential direction, and mounted at a point-symmetric position with the rotation center as the center,
The minimum distance between the repulsion plate and the striking plate is configured to be expanded every other striking plate along the circumferential direction,
A striking device in an impact crusher in which the step of the stepped striking plate is smaller or substantially the same as the height of the striking surface of the striking plate.   2. A striking device in an impact crusher according to claim 1, wherein the striking surface is substantially common or parallel to the diameter surface of the rotor disk and projects from the striking plate main body in the rotation direction. A rotor disk with a plurality of striking plates mounted on the outer periphery is provided in the machine box, a plurality of repulsion plates corresponding to the striking plates are provided in the upper lid, and a plurality of crushing chambers are constituted by the striking plates and the repelling plates. In the impact crusher
A plurality of striking plates are mounted on the outer periphery of the rotor disk in the circumferential direction, so that each striking surface is gradually lowered from each other, and mounted at a point-symmetrical position around the rotation center,
The minimum distance between the repulsion plate and the striking plate is configured to gradually expand each time the striking plate passes along the circumferential direction,
A striking device in an impact crusher in which the step of the stepped striking plate is smaller or substantially the same as the height of the striking surface of the striking plate.   The striking device for an impact crusher according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step difference in level is substantially the same as the height of the striking surface of the striking plate.

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