JP4962033B2 - Axial gap type motor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an axial gap type motor having a plurality of teeth.

  Conventionally, as a motor, there is an axial gap type motor in which opposing surfaces of a rotor and a stator are arranged along a plane orthogonal to a shaft. In such an axial gap type motor, when thin plates (electromagnetic steel plates) orthogonal to the shaft are laminated in the axial direction, the laminating direction and the flow of magnetic flux are parallel, particularly in the teeth and the vicinity thereof. Therefore, there is a problem that a large amount of eddy current is generated.

  As techniques related to the present invention, there are Patent Documents 1 to 3.

  In patent document 1, the stator core which laminated | stacked the H-shaped electromagnetic steel plate on the circumferential direction is used. Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for combining magnetic steel sheets laminated in different directions. Patent Document 3 discloses a technique for combining a dust core and a laminated steel plate in a radial gap type motor.

JP 2000-253635 A JP 2004-56560 A JP 2005-80432 A

  However, in Patent Document 1, since magnetic steel sheets punched into the same shape are stacked, there are many problems in that the shape of the teeth is limited, and there are many punching dies when trying to realize a complicated tooth shape. There is a problem that it becomes necessary.

  In particular, in order to increase the efficiency of the motor, it is necessary to dispose the teeth and the coils at high density, and in particular, by making the gaps between the teeth (so-called slots) equal in the radial direction, the winding occupation It is required to ensure sufficient volume factor and cross-sectional area of teeth. However, in Patent Document 1, there are large restrictions on the tooth shape, and it is difficult to meet such a demand.

  In addition, as in Patent Document 2, simply combining magnetic steel sheets laminated in different directions requires a plurality of punching dies, especially when trying to form the teeth shape into a plurality of preferable shapes. There is a problem that the mold is necessary.

  Patent Document 3 discloses a technique for combining a dust core and a laminated steel plate in a radial gap type motor. However, in an axial gap type motor, the flow of magnetic flux is basically two-dimensional. Since it is different from the radial gap type motor, it cannot be applied to the technology of the axial gap type motor.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present inventor has proposed a motor having a stator core in which a tooth formed by a dust core is coupled to a back yoke formed by a laminated steel plate. This content has not been disclosed. However, as magnetic characteristics of the dust core, hysteresis loss is still large and saturation magnetic flux density is low. For this reason, for example, when generating a large torque using a permanent magnet with a large energy product such as a rare earth magnet, or when high-speed rotation is not particularly required (for example, the drive frequency is lower than 1 kHz to 5 kHz) In the case of (case), the structure using the dust core may not provide sufficient characteristics.

  Accordingly, the first problem of the present invention is that in an axial gap type motor, as many portions as possible are formed of laminated steel sheets, and a portion where the dust core is used is reduced as much as possible, while generating a large torque at a relatively low rotational speed. Even when doing so, it is possible to achieve low iron loss and low copper loss. Further, in addition to the first problem, the second problem is to make it possible to form the laminated steel plate portion with as few punching dies as possible while sufficiently securing the winding space factor and the cross-sectional area of the teeth. It is.

  In order to solve the above problems, this axial gap type motor is an axial gap type motor (10, 310, 410, 510) having a rotating shaft (18a), and a field element (20, 320, 520), Armature core (32), and coils (40, 42, 40C, 42C, 40D, 42D, 640U1, 640V1, 640W1, 640U2, 640V2, 640W2, 640BU1, 640BV1, 640BW1, 740U, attached to the armature core Armature (30, 130, 130B, 230, 330, 430, 430B, 530, 630, 730) facing the field element via a gap, and 740V, 740W, 740BU, 740BV, 740BW) The armature core includes a substantially disc-shaped back yoke (34, 34). , 34C, 34D, 434, 434C, 434D) and a plurality of teeth (36, 36) disposed around the rotating shaft so as to protrude from the surface of the back yoke facing the field element. 38, 36B, 38C, 38D, 36F, 38F, 438C), and the plurality of teeth are a plurality of laminated layers formed of laminated steel plates in which thin plates are laminated in a direction substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis. It includes steel plate teeth (36, 36B, 36F) and a plurality of dust teeth (38, 38C, 38D, 38F, 438C) formed of dust cores.

  In this case, the back yoke (34, 34B, 34C, 34D, 434, 434C, 434D) may be formed of a laminated steel plate in which thin plates that are substantially orthogonal to the rotational axis are laminated in the rotational axis direction. .

  Further, the plurality of teeth includes the same number of each of the powdered teeth (36) and each of the laminated steel sheet teeth (38), and the powdered teeth and the powdered teeth are alternately arranged around the rotation axis. And each laminated steel sheet tooth has a substantially square cross-sectional shape portion in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, and the dusting teeth are adjacent to each other in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis. It has a cross-sectional shape portion surrounded by two sides (38a) substantially parallel to the side of the cross-sectional portion of the laminated steel sheet teeth and a side (38b) connecting the substantially parallel two sides on the outer peripheral side of the back yoke. It may be.

  The plurality of teeth includes n (n is an integer of 2 or more) green compact teeth (36C) and (n × h) (h is an integer of 2 or more) laminated steel sheet teeth (38C). The n powder teeth are arranged around the rotation axis at intervals, and the n laminated steel teeth are h spaced between the n powder teeth. The laminated steel teeth have a substantially square cross-sectional shape portion in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, and the dusting teeth are adjacent to each other in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis. You may have a cross-sectional-shaped part enclosed by two sides substantially parallel to the side of the cross-sectional part of laminated steel sheet teeth, and the side which connects two said substantially parallel sides on the outer peripheral side of the said back yoke.

  In this case, the removal part (34Ca) may be formed in the outer peripheral side part of h laminated steel sheet teeth adjacently provided among the said back yoke (34C).

  The plurality of teeth includes m (m is an integer of 2 or more) laminated steel sheet teeth (36D), and m × i (i is an integer of 2 or more) compacted teeth (38D). The m laminated steel sheet teeth are arranged around the rotation axis with an interval between them, and each of the green dust teeth is spaced i between the m laminated steel sheet teeth. Each laminated steel sheet tooth has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape portion in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, and the dusting teeth are adjacent to each other in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis. It has a cross-sectional shape portion surrounded by two sides that are substantially parallel to the side of the cross-sectional portion of the powdered tooth or the laminated steel tooth, and a side that connects the substantially parallel two sides on the outer peripheral side of the back yoke. May be.

  Further, the back yoke (34, 34B) includes fitting recesses (35a, 35b, 35a, 35b, in which the laminated steel sheet teeth and the dusting teeth are partially or entirely embedded in the thickness direction of the back yoke. 35Ba, 35Bb).

  Moreover, in the plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, the cross-sectional area of the portion corresponding to the winding position of the coil among the laminated steel sheet teeth (36) and the coil of the compacted tooth (38). The cross-sectional area of the part corresponding to the winding position may be substantially the same.

  Moreover, in the plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, the cross-sectional area of the portion of each laminated steel sheet tooth (36) corresponding to the winding position of the coil is the same as that of the coil among the powdered tooth (38). It may be smaller than the cross-sectional area of the part corresponding to the winding position.

  Further, the lamination direction of the laminated steel sheet teeth (36B) may be a direction substantially orthogonal to the radial direction of the back yoke.

  The lamination direction of the laminated steel sheet teeth (36) may be the radial direction of the back yoke.

  Further, the thin plate constituting the laminated steel sheet teeth (36) may be a directional electromagnetic steel sheet in which a direction with good magnetic properties is substantially parallel to the rotation axis direction.

  Further, the cross-sectional area shape of the portion corresponding to the winding position of the coil in the dust teeth (38) may be a rounded corner shape on a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis. Good.

  Moreover, each said laminated steel sheet teeth (36E, 36F) may be formed by laminating | stacking multiple thin plates which made the part which opposes the said field element wide.

  Moreover, the part which opposes the said field element among each said compacting teeth (38F) may be formed wide.

  Further, the armature is attached to the end of the laminated steel sheet teeth on the field element side, and is wider than the first magnetic body part (250, 250B, 450B) than the laminated steel sheet teeth, and the green compacts. A second magnetic part (250, 252B, 452B) that is attached to the end of the teeth on the field element side and is wider than the dust teeth; and each of the first magnetic parts and each of the second magnetic parts. The body portion may include substantially disk-shaped magnetic body plate members (254, 254B, 454B) connected in a magnetically independent state.

  The armature is attached to the end of the laminated steel sheet teeth on the field element side, and is wider than the first magnetic body part (150, 150B) wider than the laminated steel sheet teeth, and each of the dusting teeth. A second magnetic part (152, 152B) attached to the field element side end part and wider than the dust teeth; and each of the first magnetic part and each of the second magnetic parts is Even if it has the recessed part (150a, 152a) or hole (150Ba, 152Ba) by which the said field element side edge part of each said laminated steel sheet tooth and the said field element side edge part of each said compacting tooth are fitted. Good.

  Further, wide magnetic cores are respectively provided at the field element side ends of the laminated steel teeth and the field element side ends of the dust teeth, and slits (254 Bs) between the wide magnetic cores are provided. ) May extend in a direction inclined with respect to the radial direction of the back yoke.

  The armature (330, 330, 530, 530) provided on both sides of the field element (320, 520), each laminated steel sheet teeth (36) of one armature, While facing each said compacting tooth (38) of the other said armature, each said compacting tooth (38) of one said armature is said each said laminated steel sheet tooth (36) of the said other armature. You may face each other.

  The field element (320, 520) may include a permanent magnet (324) that exhibits a magnetic pole with respect to the armatures.

  In addition, each of the coils (640U1, 640V1, 640W1, 640U2, 640V2, 640W2, 640BU1, 640BV1, 640BW1) is distributed over each of the laminated steel teeth and the plurality of teeth (36, 38). It may be a wound three-phase winding.

  In addition, each of the coils (640U1, 640V1, 640W1, 640U2, 640V2, 640W2, 640BU1, 640BV1, 640BW1) may be wound so as to be bent along a corner of each laminated steel sheet tooth (36). Good.

  Further, each of the coils (740U, 740V, 740W, 740BU, 740BV, 740BW) may be a three-phase winding wave-wound over a plurality of each of the laminated steel sheet teeth and each of the powdery teeth.

  Further, the coils (740U, 740V, 740W, 740BU, 740BV, 740BW) are bent along the corners of the laminated steel teeth (36), and at the corners of the compacted teeth (38). It may be bent at an angle of approximately 90 ° or more.

  Further, each of the coils (40, 42) may be a three-phase winding that is concentratedly wound around each of the laminated steel sheet teeth and each of the powdery teeth.

  Further, each coil (40) may be a three-phase winding concentratedly wound only on each laminated steel sheet tooth (36).

  Furthermore, each said compaction tooth (38) is provided in the outer peripheral side rather than each said laminated steel sheet tooth (36), and in the position used as the clearance gap between each coil (40) wound around each said laminated steel sheet tooth. It may be done.

  In addition, wide magnetic cores (450B and 452B) are respectively provided at the field element side end portions of the laminated steel sheet teeth and the field element side end portions of the dust teeth, and the wide magnetic cores are provided. Are substantially the same radial position as the outermost peripheral side portion of each laminated steel sheet tooth and each compacted tooth or the outer peripheral part on the outer peripheral side thereof, and the innermost circumference of each laminated steel sheet tooth and each compacted tooth. You may have the substantially same radial direction position as a side part, or the outer peripheral part of the inner peripheral side rather than it.

  In addition, a fitting recess (434Da) is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the back yoke (434D) so that the dust teeth (36) can be fitted from the outer peripheral side thereof. It may be fitted to the fitting recess and fixed to the back yoke.

  Further, in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, a portion of the cross-sectional shape of each of the dusting teeth (438C) facing the coil (40) wound around each of the laminated steel sheet teeth is recessed inside. It may be formed in a substantially arc shape.

  Further, the field element is a field element side magnetic body that can be opposed to the entire radial direction of the field element side end face of each laminated steel sheet tooth and the entire radial direction of the field element side end face of the dusting tooth. You may have a member (26).

  According to this axial gap type motor, the plurality of teeth include a plurality of laminated steel sheets formed of laminated steel sheets in which thin plates are laminated in a direction substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, and a plurality of powder magnetic cores. Since the dust teeth are included, the portion of the dust core used can be reduced as much as possible. Moreover, since the hysteresis loss can be reduced and the saturation magnetic flux density can be increased by the laminated steel sheet teeth, even when a relatively low rotational speed and a large torque are generated, low iron loss and low copper loss can be achieved. Thereby, the first problem is realized.

  In addition, when the back yoke is formed of a laminated steel plate in which thin plates that are substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis are laminated in the direction of the rotation axis, the portion of the dust core that is used can be further reduced.

  Further, as a form in the case where there are the same number of laminated steel sheet teeth and compacted tooth, they are alternately arranged around the rotation axis, and each laminated steel sheet tooth is substantially rectangular in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis. And two sides substantially parallel to the side of the cross-sectional portion of the laminated steel sheet adjacent thereto in a plane substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis. By having a cross-sectional shape part surrounded by the side connecting the outer sides of the back yoke to each other, by making the gap between each laminated steel sheet tooth and each dusting tooth equal width, winding space factor and teeth A sufficient cross-sectional area can be secured. In addition, since each of the laminated steel teeth has a substantially square cross-sectional portion in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, such laminated steel teeth can be formed with fewer punching dies. . Thereby, the 2nd subject is realized.

  In addition, when the number of laminated steel sheet teeth is larger than the number of dusting teeth, n dusting teeth are arranged around the rotating shaft and n pieces of each of the dusting teeth. The laminated steel sheet teeth may be arranged at intervals of h. And each said laminated steel sheet teeth have a substantially square-shaped cross-section part in the plane substantially orthogonal to the said rotating shaft, and the said powdered tooth is adjacent to the said laminated steel sheet in the plane substantially orthogonal to the said rotating shaft. Each laminated steel sheet tooth and each green compact has a cross-sectional shape portion surrounded by two sides substantially parallel to the side of the cross-sectional portion of the tooth and a side connecting the two substantially parallel sides on the outer peripheral side of the back yoke. By setting the gaps between the teeth to have the same width, the winding space factor and the cross-sectional area of the teeth can be sufficiently ensured. In addition, since each of the laminated steel teeth has a substantially square cross-sectional portion in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, such laminated steel teeth can be formed with fewer punching dies. . This also realizes the second problem. In addition, it is possible to further increase the number of laminated steel teeth and further reduce the dust core portion.

  Moreover, if the removal part is formed in the outer peripheral side part of h laminated steel sheet teeth adjacently provided among the said back yokes, the improvement of a cooling effect can be aimed at using the said removal part.

  In addition, when the number of powdered teeth is greater than the number of laminated steel sheet teeth, the m laminated steel sheet teeth are arranged at intervals around the rotation axis, and each of the laminated steel sheet teeth is disposed. It is preferable to arrange i pieces of each of the powdered teeth between the m pieces. Each laminated steel sheet tooth has a substantially quadrangular cross-sectional shape portion in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, and the dusting teeth are adjacent to each other in the plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis. A cross-sectional shape portion surrounded by two sides substantially parallel to the side of the cross-sectional portion of the powdery teeth or the laminated steel tooth and a side connecting the two substantially parallel sides on the outer peripheral side of the back yoke is provided. Thus, the space between each laminated steel sheet tooth and each green tooth can be made equal, and the winding space factor and the cross-sectional area of the tooth can be sufficiently secured. In addition, since each of the laminated steel teeth has a substantially square cross-sectional portion in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, such laminated steel teeth can be formed with fewer punching dies. . Thereby, the 2nd subject is realized. In addition, the positions on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of each coil can be relatively aligned.

  Further, the back yoke has a configuration in which each of the laminated steel sheet teeth and each of the dusting teeth has a fitting recess that is partially embedded in the whole or part of the thickness direction of the back yoke. Can be firmly held at a fixed position. Further, the magnetic flux smoothly passes between the back yoke and each tooth.

  Further, in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, a cross-sectional area of a portion corresponding to the winding position of the coil among the laminated steel sheet teeth, and a portion corresponding to the winding position of the coil among the dusting teeth. When the saturation magnetic flux density in each tooth is substantially the same, the magnetic saturation in each tooth is reduced by substantially equalizing the magnetic flux density in each tooth. The winding space can be as large as possible by minimizing the teeth.

  In the plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, the cross-sectional area of the portion corresponding to the winding position of the coil among the laminated steel sheet teeth is the portion corresponding to the winding position of the coil among the powdered teeth. If it is smaller than the cross-sectional area, when the saturation magnetic flux density of the dusting teeth is small, the magnetic resistance of each tooth is made to be the same to alleviate magnetic saturation at each tooth, and the tooth portion is minimized. Thus, it is possible to secure as much winding space as possible.

  Further, the lamination direction of each laminated steel sheet teeth is a direction substantially orthogonal to the radial direction of the back yoke, when the number of teeth is large, that is, when the circumferential length is smaller than the radial length of the teeth, Laminated steel sheet teeth can be easily manufactured by reducing the number of laminations.

  When the lamination direction of the laminated steel sheets is the radial direction of the back yoke, a thin plate can be disposed along the flow of magnetic flux passing through the adjacent teeth via the back yoke. In particular, the magnetic resistance can be reduced in the portion where the laminated steel sheet teeth are embedded in the back yoke.

  Further, when the thin plate constituting the laminated steel sheet is a directional electromagnetic steel sheet having a good magnetic property direction substantially parallel to the rotation axis direction, the permeability of the laminated steel sheet tooth is improved, and the laminated steel sheet tooth is improved. As well as iron loss can be reduced.

  When the cross-sectional area shape of the powdered teeth has a rounded corner shape, the coil can be prevented from being thickened by the teeth, and the winding space factor can be further improved.

  Further, when each of the laminated steel teeth is formed by laminating a plurality of thin plates having a wide portion facing the field element, the wide portion of the laminated portion can constitute a collar. Thereby, the gap permeance between the field element and the armature can be increased, and a large amount of magnetic flux from the field element side can be linked on the armature side. Moreover, a collar can be easily formed simultaneously with formation of laminated steel sheet teeth.

  Moreover, if the part which opposes the said field element among the said powdered teeth is formed wide, the collar can be comprised by the wide part. Thereby, the gap permeance between the field element and the armature can be increased, and a large amount of magnetic flux from the field element side can be linked on the armature side. In addition, the collar can be easily formed simultaneously with the formation of the powdered teeth.

  Further, the armature is attached to the field element side end of each laminated steel sheet tooth, and has a first magnetic body portion wider than the laminated steel sheet tooth, and the field element side end of the dusting tooth. A second magnetic body portion that is wider than the dust teeth, and the first magnetic body portion and the second magnetic body portion are arranged in a magnetically independent state. If so, the gap permeance between the field element and the armature can be increased by the magnetic parts, and a large amount of magnetic flux from the field element side can be linked on the armature side. Moreover, since each said 1st magnetic body part and each said 2nd magnetic body part are made into the substantially disk-shaped magnetic body board member connected in the magnetically independent state, handling is also easy.

  The first magnetic body part and the second magnetic body part are recessed portions into which the field element side end of each laminated steel sheet tooth and the field element side end of each dusting tooth are fitted. Or when it has a hole part, each laminated steel sheet tooth and each compaction tooth, and each magnetic body part can be positioned easily and can be combined strongly. In addition, the gap permeance between the field element and the armature can be increased by the magnetic body portions, and a large amount of magnetic flux from the field element side can be linked on the armature side.

  Wide magnetic cores are provided at the field element side ends of the laminated steel teeth and the field element side ends of the dust teeth, respectively, and slits between the wide magnetic cores When extending in a direction inclined with respect to the radial direction of the yoke, the cogging torque can be reduced by so-called skew.

  Further, each laminated steel sheet tooth of one armature is opposed to each dust tooth of the other armature, and each dust tooth of one armature is the other armature of the other armature. When facing each laminated steel sheet tooth, in each magnetic circuit, the magnetic flux passes through the same number of laminated steel sheet teeth and dusting teeth. For this reason, the amount of magnetic flux between the armature poles can be balanced.

  When the field element has a permanent magnet that exhibits magnetic poles with respect to the two armatures, magnetic flux passes through the permanent magnet of the field element and passes between the armatures in each magnetic circuit. become. For this reason, the amount of magnetic flux between the armature poles can be more balanced.

  When each coil is a three-phase winding distributed over a plurality of each of the laminated steel sheet teeth and each of the dusting teeth, the spatial harmonics of the magnetic flux are reduced, and vibration and noise are reduced. can do.

  Further, when the coils are wound so as to be bent at the corners of the laminated steel sheet teeth, the bending angle of the coils does not become an acute angle but becomes approximately 90 °. Thereby, while being able to prevent winding of a coil, the circumference of a coil can be made small.

  Further, if each coil is a three-phase winding that is wound over a plurality of each of the laminated steel sheet teeth and each of the dusting teeth, the spatial harmonics of the magnetic flux are reduced, and vibration and noise are reduced. can do. In addition, the total number of coils can be reduced while reducing the number of coils.

  Further, when the coils are bent along the corners of the laminated steel teeth, and when the coils are bent at an angle of approximately 90 ° or more at the corners of the powdered teeth, coil winding is prevented. In addition, the circumference of the coil can be reduced.

  In addition, since each coil is a three-phase winding concentratedly wound on each of the laminated steel sheet teeth and each of the dusting teeth, the coils can be disposed without overlapping each other. The overall size can be reduced.

  Further, if each coil is a three-phase winding concentratedly wound only on each laminated steel sheet tooth, the coils can be arranged without overlapping each other, so that the overall size of the motor can be reduced. become. Further, the coil can be wound without bending at an acute angle. Further, since the number of coils can be reduced, the size can be reduced also in this respect.

  Moreover, when each said compaction tooth is provided in the outer peripheral side rather than each said laminated steel sheet teeth, and it is provided in the position used as the clearance gap between each coil wound by each said laminated steel sheet teeth, between each coil, The dusting teeth can be provided by effectively using the gap.

  Further, each of the wide magnetic cores is substantially the same radial position as the outermost peripheral side portion of each of the laminated steel teeth and each of the dusting teeth, or an outer peripheral portion on the outer peripheral side thereof, and each of the laminated steel teeth and each of the pressures If it has substantially the same radial position as the innermost peripheral portion of the powder teeth or the outer peripheral portion on the inner peripheral side, the magnetic flux can be passed between each tooth and the field element with little leakage.

  Further, when the respective powdery teeth are fitted in the respective fitting recesses of the back yoke and fixed to the back yoke, the respective powdery teeth can be fixed so as to be easily fitted into the back yoke from the outer peripheral side thereof. .

  Of the cross-sectional shape of each powdered tooth, when the portion facing the coil wound around each laminated steel sheet is formed in a substantially arcuate shape recessed inside, the coiled tooth is wound around In consideration of the coiled and thickened shape of the coil, it is possible to dispose the dust teeth as much as possible between the coils.

  In addition, the field element can be opposed to the entire radial direction of the field element side end face of each laminated steel sheet and the entire radial direction of the field end side face of the dusting tooth. If it has a member, a magnetic flux can be passed between each tooth and a field element with little leakage.

{First embodiment}
Hereinafter, the axial gap type motor according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is a view showing a cross section of a main part of an axial gap type motor, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a main part of the axial gap type motor, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a stator in the axial gap type motor. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a stator and a magnetic plate in the axial gap type motor.

  This axial gap type motor 10 generates a rotational force around a predetermined rotating shaft 18a, and includes a rotor 20 as a field element and a stator 30 as an armature.

  The stator 30 has a substantially disk-like overall shape and is fixed at a fixed position in the casing 12.

  The rotor 20 also has a substantially disk-like overall shape, and is disposed on one surface side (here, the upper surface side) of the stator 30 via a gap. The rotor 20 is connected and fixed to a shaft 18, and the shaft 18 extends outward (downward here) through the stator 30, and is rotatably supported by a bearing (not shown). As a result, the stator 30 is supported so as to be rotatable about the rotating shaft 18 a that is also the central axis of the shaft 18. Then, the rotational force of the rotor 20 is transmitted to the outside through the shaft 18. This motor is an axial gap type motor in which a rotor 20 as a field element and a stator 30 as an armature face each other with a gap in the direction of the rotating shaft 18a.

  The stator 30 includes a stator core 32 as an armature core and a plurality of coils 40 and 42 attached to the stator core 32. The stator 30 faces the rotor 20 with a gap in a posture in which teeth 36 and 38 to be described later face the rotor 20.

  The stator core 32 includes a substantially disc-shaped back yoke 34 and a plurality of teeth 36 and 38.

  The back yoke 34 is formed in a substantially disc shape by a magnetic material. Here, it is formed of a laminated steel plate in which thin plates such as electromagnetic steel plates extending in a direction substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a are laminated in the direction of the rotation shaft 18a. The thin plates to be laminated are, for example, silicon steel plates and other thin plates made of a magnetic material such as amorphous or permalloy. The back yoke 34 is attached and fixed in the casing 12 by press fitting or shrink fitting. Thus, by forming the back yoke 34 with a laminated steel plate, the portion where the dust core is used can be further reduced.

  Note that the inner diameter of the back yoke 34 is formed so as not to contact the shaft 18. A bearing that supports the shaft 18 may be provided at a substantially central portion of the back yoke 34.

  The plurality of teeth 36 and 38 are annularly arranged around the rotation shaft 18a so as to protrude from the surface of the back yoke 34 on the side facing the rotor 20. Each of the teeth 36 and 38 protrudes toward the rotor 20 along the direction of the rotary shaft 18a, and coils 40 and 42 are wound around the protruding portion. That is, it is a concentrated winding form in which the coils 40 and 42 are wound around the teeth 36 and 38, respectively. In such concentrated winding, the winding form of the coils 40 and 42 is simple, and the coils 40 and 42 can be arranged densely without overlapping each other in the direction of the rotating shaft 18a. There is an advantage that the amount of copper used as a winding can be reduced. In addition, an insulator such as an insulating film is actually interposed between the coils 40 and 42 and the teeth 36 and 38, but will be omitted in the following description.

  More specifically, there are a total of 12 teeth 36 and 38, and a total of 12 coils 40 and 42 are concentratedly wound on each. Incidentally, the rotor 20 has eight magnetic poles. For example, the coils 40 and 42 are repeatedly arranged in the order of the U phase, the V phase, and the W phase along the circumferential direction of the stator 30, and the three-phase coils 40 and 42 are star-connected. A current is supplied from the inverter circuit. As a result, the coils 40 and 42 are excited to generate magnetic fluxes in the protruding directions of the teeth 36 and 38 so that the rotor 20 rotates. That is, the axial gap type motor 10 corresponds to a concentrated winding 8-pole 12-slot.

  The plurality of teeth 36, 38 include a plurality of laminated steel sheet teeth 36 and a compacted tooth 38.

  Each of the teeth 36, 38 includes a plurality of laminated steel sheet teeth 36 and a plurality of powdered teeth 38.

  The laminated steel sheet teeth 36 are formed of laminated steel sheets in which thin plates are laminated in a direction substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a. The thin plate to be laminated may be a thin plate formed of a magnetic material such as amorphous or permalloy in addition to a silicon steel plate. These are appropriately selected according to the required characteristics. Moreover, as the laminated thin plate, a directional electrical steel sheet having an easy magnetization axis that substantially coincides with the direction of the rotation axis 18a may be used. This is because the flow of magnetic flux in the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 is substantially along the direction of the rotation axis 18a. For the same reason, when a non-oriented electrical steel sheet is used as a thin plate, the rolling direction is preferably made to coincide with the axial direction.

  Moreover, the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 have a substantially quadrangular cross-sectional shape portion in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a. Here, in this embodiment, the whole laminated steel sheet tooth 36 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. Further, the substantially square cross-sectional portion of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 is long along the radial direction of the back yoke 34 and is short in a direction substantially perpendicular to the radial direction. Note that the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 are portions corresponding to the winding portions of the coils 40 and may be any of the substantially square cross-sectional shapes, for example, portions embedded in the back yoke 34 or portions facing the rotor 20. Etc. may have other cross-sectional shapes. However, the entire laminated steel sheet teeth 36 have a parallelogram cross-sectional shape including a square or a rectangle on a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis 18a, that is, formed by laminating thin plates having substantially the same shape. A configuration is preferred.

  The lamination direction of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 will be described more specifically. FIG. 5 is a view showing the lamination direction of the laminated steel teeth. As shown in the figure, the laminating direction of the thin plates in the laminated steel teeth 36 may be the radial direction r of the back yoke 34. That is, it is considered that the magnetic flux passing through the adjacent teeth 36 and 38 via the back yoke 34 has many directional components along the circumferential direction of the back yoke 34. Therefore, by setting the stacking direction to the radial direction of the back yoke 34 so that the magnetic path of such a magnetic flux component is not obstructed by the gap between the stacks or the insulating layer, a large number of adjacent teeth 36 and 38 are provided. Magnetic flux can be passed.

  FIG. 6 is a view showing another example of the lamination direction of laminated steel sheets. As shown in the drawing, the laminating direction of the thin plates in the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 </ b> B is substantially perpendicular to the radial direction r of the back yoke 34. Except for this lamination direction, the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 </ b> B have the same configuration as the laminated steel sheet teeth 36.

  That is, when the number of teeth 36B and 38 is large, the cross-sectional shape of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36B becomes longer along the radial direction r. Therefore, by setting the lamination direction to be a direction substantially orthogonal to the radial direction r, the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 can be easily manufactured with a reduced number of laminations.

  In any case, the laminated steel sheet teeth 36, 36B are laminated in the direction of any side of the rectangular cross section, that is, in the radial direction r of the back yoke 34 or in the direction perpendicular thereto, so that the thin plate of the same shape The laminated steel sheet teeth 36, 36B can be manufactured by laminating. That is, the laminated steel teeth 36, 36B can be manufactured with fewer types of punching dies.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the thin plate which comprises the said laminated steel sheet teeth 36 and 36B is a directional electrical steel sheet in which the direction with favorable magnetic characteristics is substantially parallel to the direction of the rotating shaft 18a. Thereby, the magnetic permeability of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36, 36B can be improved along the main magnetic flux passing direction, so that the laminated steel sheet teeth 36, 36B can be further miniaturized and the iron loss can be reduced.

  In addition, the coil 40 wound around the laminated steel sheet teeth 36, 36B is wound in a substantially quadrangular ring shape corresponding to the substantially square cross-sectional shape of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36, 36B. The coil 40 may be wound directly on the laminated steel sheet teeth 36, 36B, or may be wound around the laminated steel sheet teeth 36, 36B and wound around the laminated steel sheet teeth 36, 36B. There may be.

  The powder teeth 38 are formed of a powder magnetic core obtained by solidifying magnetic powder, preferably a powder iron core. This compacting tooth 38 has two sides 38a, 38a (see FIG. 4) that are substantially parallel to the side of the cross-sectional portion of the adjacent teeth 36, 38 (see side 36a in FIG. 4) on a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a. ) And a side 38b that connects these substantially parallel sides 38a, 38a on the outer peripheral side of the back yoke 34. Here, the side 38b on the outer peripheral side has an arc shape, and thus the cross-sectional shape of the powdered tooth 38 is a substantially fan-shaped cross-sectional shape with the central angle directed to the rotation shaft 18a. However, the side 38b on the outer peripheral side may be linear, and the cross-sectional shape of the powdered tooth 38 may have a substantially triangular shape. Note that the dust core 38 is a portion corresponding to the winding portion of the coil 40 and may be the substantially fan-shaped or substantially triangular cross-sectional shape portion. For example, the portion embedded in the back yoke 34 or the rotor 20. The other part may have other cross-sectional shapes.

  The coil 42 wound around the powder tooth 38 is wound in a substantially fan-shaped or substantially triangular ring shape corresponding to the substantially fan-shaped cross section or the substantially triangular cross-section of the powder tooth 38. The coil 42 may be wound directly around the powdered tooth 38 or may be wound around the powdered tooth 38 and fitted on the powdered tooth 38.

  By the way, if the coil 42 is to be wound in an angular shape, the coil 42 cannot be wound in close contact with the angular corner portion, and a winding thickening occurs at the corner portion.

  Therefore, here, in the cross section of the powdered tooth 38, three corners are rounded. Since the dust teeth 38 are formed of dust cores, such rounded corners can be easily formed.

  In this way, in the cross section of the powdered tooth 38, the coil 42 can be wound along the rounded corner by rounding the corner, preventing the coil 42 from becoming thick and winding. The line space factor can be further improved.

  The arrangement | positioning form of each said laminated steel sheet teeth 36 and each compacting tooth 38 is demonstrated. In this embodiment, it has the same number (here, six pieces) of each said laminated steel plate teeth 36 and each compaction tooth 38. Each of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 and each of the dusting teeth 38 are alternately and annularly disposed around the rotation shaft 18 a on the surface of the back yoke 34 facing the rotor 20. By adopting such an arrangement form, the teeth 36 and 38 are made substantially equal in width, the cross-sectional area of the teeth 36 and 38 is sufficiently secured, and the coils 40 and 42 are arranged with a high space factor. can do.

  In particular, if the total number of teeth 36, 38 is s, the angle of each compacting tooth 38 on the rotating shaft 18a side is (360 / (s / 2)) °, that is, (720 / s) ° (here 60 °). As a result, the teeth 36 and 38 can be made substantially equal in width to ensure a sufficient cross-sectional area of the teeth 36 and 38 and the coils 40 and 42 can be arranged with a higher space factor. In addition, if the angle by the side of the rotating shaft 18a of each compaction tooth 38 is about 60 degrees, it can wind, without making the coil 42 thick. By the way, when considering the case where all the 12 teeth have a substantially triangular cross-section as a comparison object, the angle on the side of the rotating shaft 18a is 30 °, and the coil winding becomes considerably large.

  Next, the relationship between the cross-sectional areas of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 and the compacted tooth 38 will be described.

  A portion of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 corresponding to the winding position of the coil 40 (a portion where the coil 40 is actually wound in this embodiment, another portion in the following embodiment) on a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a. And a portion corresponding to the winding position of the coil 42 in the powder tooth 38 (in this embodiment, the coil 42 is actually wound). The cross-sectional area of the portion, which may be a corresponding portion of a coil wound around another portion in the following embodiment) may be substantially the same.

  Thereby, when the magnetic flux saturation density in each tooth 36 and 38 is substantially the same, the magnetic flux density in each tooth 36 and 38 can be made substantially uniform. The magnetic saturation in each of the teeth 36 and 38 can be alleviated, and the portions of the teeth 36 and 38 can be designed to have a minimum iron amount so that the winding space of the coils 40 and 42 can be secured to the maximum.

  However, since the dust teeth 38 formed of the dust core are made of hardened fine powder, they tend to have a relatively low saturation magnetic flux density. Therefore, in such a case, the cross-sectional area of the portion corresponding to the winding position of the coil 40 in the laminated steel sheet 36 on the plane substantially orthogonal to the rotating shaft 18 a is set to It is good to make it smaller than the cross-sectional area of the part according to the turning position. In particular, when a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is used for the laminated steel sheet teeth 36, this effect is particularly remarkable, and the cross-sectional area of the portion corresponding to the winding position of the coil 40 in the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 can be considerably reduced. it can.

  Thereby, when the saturation magnetic flux density of the compacting tooth 38 is smaller than the saturation magnetic flux density of the laminated steel sheet tooth 36, the two teeth 36, 38 are brought close to each other so that the magnetic resistance is substantially the same. The magnetic saturation of the coils 40 and 42 can be ensured to the maximum by reducing the magnetic saturation of the teeth 40 and making the portions of the teeth 36 and 38 minimum iron.

  Next, a configuration for fixing the teeth 36 and 38 to the back yoke 34 will be described.

  The back yoke 34 has a plurality of fitting recesses in which the teeth 36 and 38 are partially embedded in all or part of the thickness direction of the back yoke 34 at positions where the teeth 36 and 38 are disposed. 35a and 35b. Here, the fitting recesses 35a and 35b have a hole shape penetrating the back yoke 34 (see FIGS. 1 and 2). The fitting recess 35a is a hole in which the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 are embedded, and is formed in a substantially square hole shape. The fitting recess 35b is a hole in which the powdered tooth 38 is embedded, and is formed in a substantially triangular hole shape. Further, the teeth 36 and 38 are formed to be longer than the protrusions from the rotor 20 because the teeth are embedded in the fitting recesses 35a and 35b. The teeth 36 and 38 are fitted into the fitting recesses 35a and 35b, and are fixedly held by press-fitting or adhesive fixing. In this state, the teeth 36 and 38 are magnetically coupled via the back yoke 34.

  FIG. 7 shows a modification of the fitting recess. In this modification, the bottom yoke 34 </ b> B has recessed recesses 35 </ b> Ba and 35 </ b> Bb that do not penetrate. Then, the teeth 36 and 38 are partially fitted in the fitting recesses 35Ba and 35Bb in a non-penetrating manner and fixed and held in the same manner as described above. These fitting recesses 35Ba and 35Bb have the same configuration as the fitting recesses 35a and 35b except that they have a bottom with a predetermined depth.

  Thus, by partially embedding the teeth 36, 38 in the fitting recesses 35a, 35b, 35Ba, 35Bb, the teeth 36, 38 can be firmly held at a fixed position, and the back yoke 34B and each tooth The magnetic flux is smoothly transferred between 36 and 38.

  However, it is desirable that the depth of the fitting recesses 35a, 35b, 35Ba, and 35Bb of the back yokes 34 and 34B is within a range in which the magnetic flux has an axial component. For example, if the magnetic flux density of the back yokes 34 and 34B is substantially close to the saturation region, the magnetic flux flowing between the teeth 36 and 38 is formed of laminated steel plates where the back yokes 34 and 34B also pass through the opposite rotor 20 side portion. The back yokes 34 and 34B have a large magnetic resistance in the thickness direction. Therefore, the back yoke 34 has fitting recesses 35a and 35b penetrating therethrough so that the magnetic flux can be sufficiently passed between the teeth 36 and 38 and the portions of the back yokes 34 and 34B opposite to the rotor 20 side. Is desirable. Moreover, in this aspect, the shape of the thin plate which comprises the back yoke 34 can be made into one, and the punching metal mold | die for formation can be only one type.

  In other cases, generally, the depth of 35Ba and 35Bb is preferably at least half of the thickness dimension of the back yokes 34 and 34B. As a result, since the magnetic flux can be passed between the back yokes 34 and 34B after the magnetic flux reaches a sufficient depth through the teeth 36 and 38, the magnetic resistance can be lowered and the iron loss can be reduced. Because.

  In FIG. 7, the portion of the stator 30 excluding the protruding portions of the teeth 36 and 38 flows through the embedded portions of the teeth 36 and 38, and passes through the teeth 36 and 38 and the adjacent teeth 36 and 38. There are things that flow to 38. The latter passes through the back yoke 34 itself formed of laminated steel sheets or the like.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the rotor 20 includes an annular rotor-side back yoke 22 attached to the shaft 18 and a plurality of permanent magnets 24 provided on the surface of the rotor-side back yoke 22 on the stator 30 side. Have. A rotor magnetic body 26 is provided on the stator 30 side of the plurality of permanent magnets 24 as a field element side magnetic body member.

  The rotor-side back yoke 22 is formed of a magnetic material such as a laminated steel core or a dust core. The rotor-side back yoke 22 fixes and holds the permanent magnet 24 and reduces the magnetic resistance to improve the operating point magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet 24.

  In addition, eight permanent magnets 24 are provided here. Each permanent magnet 24 is annularly arranged on the surface on the stator 30 side of the rotor-side back yoke 22 with an equal interval around the rotation shaft 18a. The permanent magnets 24 are arranged so as to alternately exhibit different polarities around the rotary shaft 18a, and generate magnetic fluxes along the direction of the rotary shaft 18a.

  The rotor magnetic body 26 is formed in a substantially ring plate shape facing the teeth 36 and 38 (see FIGS. 2 and 4). The inner peripheral portion of the rotor magnetic body 26 is on the inner peripheral side with respect to the inner peripheral portions of all the teeth 36, 38, and the outer peripheral portion of the rotor magnetic body 26 is on the outer peripheral side with respect to the outer peripheral portions of all the teeth 36, 38. It is in. That is, as a whole, the rotor magnetic body 26 has a spread that can be opposed to the entire radial direction of the end surface on the rotor 20 side of each laminated steel sheet 36 and the entire radial direction of the end surface on the rotor 20 side of each dusting tooth 38. is doing.

  The rotor magnetic body 26 is formed with slits 26 s extending in the radial direction corresponding to the spaces between the permanent magnets 24. The rotor magnetic body 26 is magnetically divided into portions corresponding to the permanent magnets by the slits 26s. The inner peripheral portion of each slit 26s is on the inner peripheral side with respect to the inner peripheral portions of all teeth 36, 38, and the outer peripheral portion of each slit 26s is on the outer peripheral side with respect to the outer peripheral portions of all teeth 36, 38. It is preferable that it exists in.

  This rotor magnetic body 26 concentrates the magnetic flux of each permanent magnet on the portion where each tooth 36, 38 exists when the gap facing surface of each tooth 36, 38 is small, and between each tooth 36, 38 and the rotor 20. It has a role to pass more magnetic flux. It also contributes to demagnetization of the permanent magnet and reduction of eddy current loss. However, the rotor magnetic body 26 may be omitted.

  A method for manufacturing the axial gap motor 10 configured as described above will be described.

  First, the coils 40 and 42 are mounted around each laminated steel sheet tooth 36 and each compacted tooth 38. At this time, the winding may be directly wound around each of the teeth 36 and 38, or the coils 40 and 42 wound in advance may be externally fitted. Thereafter, the teeth 36 and 38 are fitted into the back yoke 34. At this time, the air gap accuracy can be improved by fitting them into the back yoke 34 with reference to the gap facing surfaces of the teeth 36 and 38.

  Thereafter, the stator 30 is fixed at a fixed position in the casing 12, and the rotor 20 is rotatably incorporated in the casing 12, whereby the axial gap type motor 10 is manufactured.

  According to the axial gap type motor 10 configured in this way, the plurality of teeth 36, 38 include the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 and the dust teeth 38, so that the portion where the dust core is used can be reduced as much as possible. it can. In addition, since the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 can reduce the hysteresis loss and increase the saturation magnetic flux density, even when a relatively low rotational speed and a large torque are generated, low iron loss and low copper loss can be achieved. Moreover, the freedom degree of a shape, such as making it the said substantially triangular prism shape by using together the compacting teeth 38, can be obtained.

  Below, the structure which concerns on the modification of the said 1st Embodiment is demonstrated. In the following description, the same components as those described in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and differences are mainly described.

  First, the modification which concerns on the arrangement | positioning form of the laminated steel plate teeth 36 and the compacting teeth 38 is demonstrated. In the above embodiment, the case where the number of laminated steel sheet teeth 36 and the number of compacted teeth 38 is the same has been described, but the number is not necessarily required.

  FIG. 8 shows an arrangement in the case where the number of laminated steel sheet teeth is larger than the number of powdered teeth.

  The example shown in FIG. 8 includes n (n is an integer of 2 or more) compacted tooth 38C and (n × h) (h is an integer of 2 or more) laminated steel sheet teeth 36C. Here, n = 4 and h = 2, that is, four compacted teeth 38C and twice as many as eight laminated steel sheet teeth 36C are included. The dust teeth 38C have the same configuration as the dust teeth 38 except for the angle on the rotating shaft 18a side, and the laminated steel sheet teeth 36C have the same configuration as the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 except for the dimensions of each side.

  The n (= 4) compacting teeth 38C are arranged on the surface of the back yoke 34C on the rotor 20 side at intervals (here, approximately equal intervals) around the rotation shaft 18a. The angle of the dust teeth 38C on the rotating shaft 18a side is (360 / n) °, that is, (360/4) ° = 90 °.

  Further, between each of n (= 4) pieces of each compacting tooth 38C, each of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36C is arranged at an interval (here, approximately equal intervals) by h (= 2) pieces. In addition, the length of each side of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 </ b> C is appropriately set to a size that can be disposed between the respective powdered tooth teeth 38 </ b> C.

  The coils 40C and 42C having the same configuration as the coils 40 and 42 are disposed on the laminated steel sheet teeth 36C and the powder dust teeth 38C, respectively.

  Thereby, the compacting teeth 38C and the laminated steel sheet teeth 36C can be arranged in a rotationally symmetric shape.

  In the back yoke 34C, a cut portion 34Ca as a removal portion is formed on the outer peripheral side portion of the h (= 2) laminated steel sheet teeth 36 provided adjacently. Here, a cut portion 34Ca is formed in such a shape that a substantially disk-shaped outer peripheral portion is cut out in a straight line at a position avoiding the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 and the coil 40C wound thereon. The other configuration of the back yoke 34C is substantially the same as that of the back yoke 34.

  The arrangement shown in FIG. 8 can achieve the same effects as the above embodiment. In addition, the powder magnetic core portion can be further reduced by increasing the ratio of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36C. Further, since the gap between the powdery teeth 38C and the laminated steel sheet teeth 36C is more inclined with respect to the radial direction of the back yoke 34C, in particular, the rotor magnetic body 26 is interposed between the rotor 20 and the stator 30. When there is no such a wide magnetic core, there is a merit that cogging can be reduced.

  Further, since the cut portion 34Ca is formed in the back yoke 34C, the removal effect can be used as a refrigerant passage or a wind passage to improve the cooling effect.

  Note that the laminated steel sheet teeth 36C may have a substantially parallelogram shape on a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a. Even in this case, laminated steel sheet teeth 36C can be manufactured by laminating thin plates having the same shape.

  Of course, the outer peripheral portion of the powdered tooth 38C may be substantially arcuate or substantially linear.

  FIG. 9 shows an arrangement in the case where the number of powdered teeth is larger than the number of laminated steel sheet teeth.

  In the example shown in FIG. 9, m (m is an integer of 2 or more) laminated steel sheet teeth 36D and m × i (i is an integer of 2 or more) dusting teeth 38D are included. Here, m = 4 and i = 2, that is, it includes four laminated steel teeth 36D and twice as many as eight powder teeth 38D. The dust teeth 38D have the same configuration as the dust teeth 38 except for the angle on the rotating shaft 18a side, and the laminated steel sheet teeth 36D have the same configuration as the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 except for the dimensions of each side.

  The m (= 4) laminated steel sheet teeth 36D are disposed on the surface of the back yoke 34D on the rotor 20 side with an interval (here, approximately equal intervals) around the rotation shaft 18a. In addition, the length of each side of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 </ b> D is appropriately set to a size that can be disposed between the respective powdered teeth 38 </ b> D.

  Further, between each of the m (= 4) pieces of each laminated steel sheet tooth 36D, each of the dusting teeth 38D is arranged with an interval (here, approximately equal intervals) of i (= 2) pieces. The angle of the powder tooth 38D on the rotating shaft 18a side is (360 / (m × i)) °, that is, (360/8) ° = 45 °.

  The coils 40D and 42D having the same configuration as the coils 40 and 42 are respectively disposed on the laminated steel sheet teeth 36D and the powder dust teeth 38D.

  Thereby, the compacting teeth 38D and the laminated steel sheet teeth 36D can be arranged in a rotationally symmetrical shape.

  The arrangement shown in FIG. 9 can achieve the same effects as the above embodiment. In addition, the positions of the outer peripheral side portion and the inner peripheral side portion of each of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36D and each of the coils 40D and 42D wound around each of the dusting teeth 38D are along the circumferential direction of the circle centering on the rotating shaft 18a. Can be relatively aligned. In addition, the gap between the compacting teeth 38D and the laminated steel sheet teeth 36D is more inclined with respect to the radial direction of the back yoke 34D, so that the rotor magnetic body 26 is particularly located between the rotor 20 and the stator 30. When there is no such a wide magnetic core, there is a merit that cogging can be reduced.

  Of course, the outer peripheral portion of the powdered tooth 38D may be substantially arcuate or substantially linear.

  FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a modified example in which a flange is provided on the laminated steel sheet teeth.

  In this laminated steel sheet tooth 36E, a plurality of thin plates each having a wide portion facing the rotor 20 as a field element are laminated in a direction substantially perpendicular to the radial direction r of the back yoke 34 (normal direction to the rotation direction). It is formed by that. Thereby, a flange portion 36Ea extending in the radial direction is formed. The other configuration of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36E is the same as that of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36B shown in FIG.

  The collar portion 36Ea has a role of increasing gap permeance between the rotor 20 and the stator 30 so that a large amount of magnetic flux from the rotor 20 is linked on the stator 30 side. Also, it has a role of preventing the coil 40 from coming off. The flange portion 36Ea extending in such a direction can be easily formed simultaneously with the formation of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36E.

  FIG. 11 is a view showing a modification in which collars are provided on both the laminated steel sheet teeth and the compacted tooth.

  This laminated steel sheet tooth 36F is formed by laminating a plurality of thin plates in the radial direction r of the back yoke 34, in which a portion facing the rotor 20 that is a field element is formed wide. As a result, a flange portion 36Fa extending in a direction substantially orthogonal to the radial direction is formed. The other configuration of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36F is the same as that of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 shown in FIG. The flange portion 36Fa extending in such a direction can be easily formed simultaneously with the formation of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36F.

  Moreover, the part which opposes the rotor 20 which is a field element among the compacting teeth 38F is formed wide across the circumference | surroundings, and the collar part 38Fa is formed. Since the dust teeth 38 are formed with a mold or the like, it is easy to provide the collar portion 38Fa extending over the entire periphery as described above.

  The collar portions 36Fa and 38Fa have a role of increasing gap permeance between the rotor 20 and the stator 30 so that a large amount of magnetic flux from the rotor 20 is linked on the stator 30 side. Also, it has a role of preventing the coil 40 from coming off. Further, since the slit between the flange portions 36Fa and 38Fa is inclined with respect to the radial direction of the stator 30, it has a so-called skew effect and can reduce the cogging torque.

{Second Embodiment}
The stator of the axial gap type motor according to the second embodiment will be described. FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing the stator, and FIG. 13 is an exploded perspective view showing the stator.

  The stator 130 of the axial gap type motor according to this embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that stator collar portions 150 and 152 are provided. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.

  The stator collar portions 150 and 152 are a first stator collar portion 150 as a first magnetic body portion attached to an end surface on the rotor 20 (see FIG. 1) side of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36, and an end surface on the rotor 20 side of the dust teeth 38. And a second stator collar 152 as a second magnetic part attached to the.

  Each of the stator collar portions 150 and 152 is formed wider than the end face shapes of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 and the compacted tooth 38, and here, is formed wider in the entire circumferential direction. Here, each of the stator collar portions 150 and 152 has a plate shape in which a band having a predetermined width is formed in an arc shape.

  In addition, with each stator collar 150, 152 attached to each tooth 36, 38, a gap of a predetermined width is formed between each stator collar 150, 152, and each stator collar 150, 152 is magnetic. Are arranged in an independent state.

  Further, a substantially rectangular concave portion 150 a corresponding to the end surface shape of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 is formed on one surface of the first stator collar portion 150. Further, a substantially fan-shaped (or substantially triangular) concave portion 152 a corresponding to the end face shape of the powdered tooth 38 is formed on one surface of the second stator collar portion 152. The stator collars 150 and 152 are fixed to the tips of the teeth 36 and 38 so that the tips of the teeth 36 and 38 are fitted into the recesses 150a and 152a of the stator collars 150 and 152, respectively.

  FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a stator according to a modification, and FIG. 15 is an exploded perspective view showing the stator. The stator 130B according to this modification is different from the second embodiment in that holes 150Ba and 152Ba penetrating the first stator collar portions 150B and 152B are formed. The stator collars 150B, 152B are fixed to the tips of the teeth 36, 38 so that the tips of the teeth 36, 38 are fitted into the holes 150Ba, 152Ba of the stator collars 150B, 152B in a penetrating manner. The

  In the second embodiment, the gaps between the rotor 20 and the stator 130 are increased by the respective stator collar portions 150, 152 or 150B, 152B, and a large amount of magnetic flux from the rotor 20 is linked on the stator 130 side. Can do.

  Moreover, each stator collar part 150,152 or 150B, 152B can be easily positioned and fixed to the front-end | tip part of each teeth 36,38 in the surface direction by recessed part 150a, 152a or hole part 150Ba, 152Ba, and can be firmly fixed.

  In particular, in the example shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, since the inner peripheral surfaces of the stator collar portions 150B and 152B are in contact with the side surfaces of the tips of the teeth 36 and 38, the stator collar portions 150B and 152B are connected to the rotary shaft 18a. Even as a laminated steel sheet laminated in the direction, an increase in iron loss can be prevented. On the other hand, in the example shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, since the stator collar portions 150 and 152 are in contact with the tip surfaces of the teeth 36 and 38, the stator collar portions 150 and 152 have a magnetic resistance in the thickness direction. It is preferable to form with a low dust core.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the stator collar portions 150 and 152 are fixed in contact with the tip surfaces of the teeth 36 and 38, so that the positional accuracy, particularly the gap accuracy can be improved. There is a merit that you can.

{Third embodiment}
A stator of an axial gap motor according to the third embodiment will be described. FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing the stator.

  The stator 230 of the axial gap type motor according to the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that an annular stator collar portion 254 as a magnetic plate member is provided. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.

  The annular stator collar portion 254 includes a first stator collar portion 250 as a first magnetic body portion attached to the rotor 20 side end surface of the laminated steel sheet 36 and a second stator surface attached to the rotor 20 side end surface of the powdered tooth 38. It has a second stator collar portion 252 as a magnetic body portion.

  Each stator collar portion 250, 252 is formed wider than the end face shape of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 and the compacted tooth 38, and here, is formed wider in the entire circumferential direction. Here, each of the stator collar portions 250 and 252 is formed in the same shape in a plate shape in which a band having a predetermined width is formed in an arc shape.

  And these stator collar parts 250 and 252 are connected in a substantially annular state in a magnetically independent state, thereby forming an annular stator collar part 254. Here, the stator collar portions 250 and 252 are connected to each other at the outer peripheral portion and the inner peripheral portion via a connecting portion 254a. The connecting portion 254a has a sufficiently small cross-sectional area between the stator collar portions 250 and 252 defined by the width and thickness thereof, and is easily magnetically saturated. Therefore, each stator collar portion 250 and 252 Magnetically independent.

  Such an annular stator collar portion 254 can be attached to each of the teeth 36 and 38 by handling the stator collar portions 250 and 252 as one body, so that it can be easily handled and the gap accuracy can be improved. .

  In addition, of course, the gap permeance between the rotor 20 and the stator 230 can be increased by the annular stator collar portion 254, and a large amount of magnetic flux from the rotor 20 (see FIG. 1) side can be linked with the stator 230.

  The material of the annular stator collar 254 is not particularly limited, but is preferably a dust core. Further, when each of the teeth 36 and 38 passes through the annular stator collar portion 254, electromagnetic steel plates laminated along the direction of the rotation shaft 18a may be used as in the second embodiment.

  FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing a stator according to a modification of the present embodiment. In this modification, the slits 254Bs between the first stator collar portions 250B and the second stator collar portions 252B of the annular stator collar portion 254B are inclined with respect to the radial direction of the back yoke 34. Here, the slit 254Bs is formed so as to extend along the extending direction of the gap between the teeth 36 and 38.

  This slit 254Bs is a so-called skew and can reduce cogging torque.

{Fourth embodiment}
An axial gap type motor according to the fourth embodiment will be described. FIG. 18 is an exploded perspective view showing the axial gap type motor according to the present embodiment.

  The axial gap type motor 310 according to the present embodiment is different from the axial gap type motor 10 according to the first embodiment mainly in that the rotor 320 exhibits magnetic poles on both sides and on both sides of the rotor 320. The difference is that a stator 330 is provided.

  The rotor 320 has a plurality (eight in this case) of permanent magnets 324. Each permanent magnet 324 is fixed and held by a holder 328 made of resin or the like in a state where the permanent magnets 324 are annularly arranged around the rotation shaft 18a at regular intervals. Each permanent magnet 324 is exposed at both end faces of the rotor 320, and alternately exhibits different polarities around the rotation shaft 18 a on both faces of the rotor 320. That is, each permanent magnet 324 also functions as a field magnet for both stators 330.

  Moreover, each structure of both the stators 330 is the same structure as the stator 30 in 1st Embodiment. The teeth 36 and 38 are fixedly installed on both sides of the rotor 320 with a gap in a posture facing the rotor 320. In addition, each laminated steel sheet tooth 36 of one stator 330 faces each dust tooth 38 of the other stator 330, and each dust tooth 38 of one stator 330 corresponds to each laminated steel sheet tooth 36 of the other stator 330. Both rotors 320 are fixed in an opposing positional relationship.

  In both stators 330, the U, V, W phases of both teeth 36, 38 are the same, and when viewed from the rotor 320 side, each of the teeth 36, 38 has an opposite magnetic pole. A current is passed through the coils 40 and 42.

  In the axial gap type motor 310 according to the present embodiment, the thrust acting on the shaft is canceled by canceling the magnetic attraction acting on the rotor 320 by the magnetic attraction by the one stator 330 and the magnetic attraction by the other stator 330. There is an advantage that it is possible to reduce the force, thereby suppressing an increase in bearing loss and extending the bearing life.

  In addition, since each laminated steel sheet tooth 36 and each compacted tooth 38 are in a positional relationship facing each other between the stators 330, in the magnetic circuit constituted by both the teeth 36, 38, magnetic flux is applied to the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 and the pressure. Since the same number and the same number of powder teeth 38 are passed through and the magnetic resistance is substantially uniform, a well-balanced design can be achieved along the rotation direction. Also, cogging can be reduced.

  Further, since each permanent magnet 324 exhibits a magnetic pole with respect to both stators 330, magnetic flux passes through both stators 330 through the permanent magnets 324 in each magnetic circuit. For this reason, the amount of magnetic flux and the like can be more balanced between both starters 330.

{Fifth embodiment}
An axial gap type motor according to the fifth embodiment will be described. FIG. 19 is an exploded perspective view showing an axial gap type motor according to this embodiment, and FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing a rotor in the axial gap type motor.

  The axial gap type motor 410 according to the present embodiment is different from the axial gap type motor 10 according to the first embodiment in that the coil 40 is provided only on the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 and the arrangement position of the powdery teeth 38. Is different. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.

  That is, the stator 430 includes a coil 40 as a three-phase winding concentratedly wound only on each laminated steel sheet 36. Each coil 40 is repeatedly arranged in the order of the U phase, the V phase, and the W phase. And the compacting tooth 38 between the coils of two phases among U phase, V phase, and W phase shows another one phase. For example, when a U-phase coil 40 and a W-phase coil 40 are applied to two predetermined substantially square teeth 36, Iu + Iv + Iw = 0 in the star connection (Ix indicates a current value flowing in the x-phase). The three apex teeth 38 between them have Iv = −Iu−Iw, indicating the V phase.

  Thus, by winding the coil 40 only on each laminated steel sheet 36, the coils 40 can be disposed without overlapping each other, and the overall size of the motor 410 can be reduced. Further, all the coils 40 can be bent and wound at a substantially right angle without being bent at an acute angle, effectively preventing thickening of the winding and the like, and miniaturization is possible in this respect. Further, since the number of the coils 40 can be reduced, the size can be reduced also from this point.

  Moreover, in this stator 430, the fixing position of each compacting tooth 38 by the back yoke 434 is different from that in the first embodiment, and is fixed on the outer peripheral side of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36. That is, each of the inner peripheral portion and the outer peripheral portion of the powdered tooth 38 is on the outer peripheral side with respect to the inner peripheral portion and the outer peripheral portion of the laminated steel sheet tooth 36. The reason for this arrangement is as follows. When the coil 40 is wound around the laminated steel sheet teeth 36, the gap is reduced on the inner peripheral side, and the gap is increased on the outer peripheral side. On the other hand, the powder tooth 38 itself needs to secure a minimum cross-sectional area for allowing the magnetic flux to pass therethrough. Therefore, the dusting teeth 38 are provided between the coils 40 by providing the dusting teeth 38 on the outer peripheral side of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 at a position that becomes a gap between the coils 40 wound around the laminated steel sheet teeth 36. The gaps can be disposed between the coils 40 while ensuring a sufficient cross-sectional area by effectively using the gaps.

  Further, when the dust teeth 38 are provided on the outer peripheral side in this way, the position of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 and the position of the dust teeth 38 are shifted along the radial direction. Therefore, it is preferable that the rotor magnetic body 426 as a field element side magnetic body member provided on the rotor 20 side is shaped in consideration of each position. That is, the inner peripheral portion of the rotor magnetic body 426 corresponding to the rotor magnetic body 26 of the first embodiment is disposed on the inner peripheral side with respect to the inner peripheral portion of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 (see FIG. 22), and the rotor magnetic body. The outer peripheral portion of 426 is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the outer peripheral portion of the dusting teeth 38 (see FIG. 21), and the entire radial direction of the end surface on the rotor 20 side of the laminated steel teeth 36 and the end surface on the rotor 20 side of the dusting teeth 38. It is preferable that the entire radial direction can be opposed to the rotor magnetic body 426. As a result, the magnetic flux can be passed between the teeth 36, 38 and the rotor 20 with little leakage.

  FIG. 23 is a view showing a modification of the stator according to the present embodiment. The stator 430B according to this modification has an annular stator collar portion 454B. As with the annular stator collar portion 254 according to the third embodiment, the annular stator collar portion 454B is formed by connecting the stator collar portions 450B and 452B, which are wide magnetic cores, in a substantially annular manner with a coupling portion 454Ba in a magnetically independent state. It is configured. The stator collar portions 450B and 452B are substantially the same radial position as the outermost peripheral portion of the teeth 36 and 38, or the outer peripheral portion on the outer peripheral side, and the innermost peripheral portion of the teeth 36 and 38. It has substantially the same radial position or an outer peripheral portion on the inner peripheral side thereof. That is, the annular stator collar portion 254 covers the entire end surface on the rotor 20 side of each of the teeth 36 and 38.

  This annular stator collar 454B allows magnetic flux to pass between the teeth 36, 38 and the rotor 20 with little leakage.

  FIG. 24 is a perspective view showing a modification of the powdered tooth according to the present embodiment. In this modification, in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a, a portion of the cross-sectional shape of each compacting tooth 438C that faces the coil 40 wound around each laminated steel sheet tooth 36 is substantially recessed recessed inside. It is formed in an arc shape. Note that the back yoke 434C supports the dust teeth 438C at positions on the outer peripheral side of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36, as described above.

  By adopting such a substantially arc-shaped shape, a portion where the outer surface of the coil 40 wound around the laminated steel sheet 36 is curved so as to bulge outward due to the thickening of the coil is formed into a substantially arc-shaped shape of the powdered tooth 38. It can be accommodated in a recessed part. Thereby, while ensuring the storage space of the coil 40, the cross-sectional area of the compacting teeth 438C can be increased as much as possible to ensure a sufficient size.

  FIG. 25 is a perspective view showing a modified example of the back yoke according to the present embodiment. In this modification, a fitting recess 434Da that can fit each of the dusting teeth 38 from the outer peripheral side of the back yoke 434D, in this case, a substantially triangular concave shape in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotating shaft 18a. A fitting recess 434Da is formed. Each powdery tooth 38 is fitted into the fitting recess 434Da from the outer peripheral side of the back yoke 434D and fixed to the back yoke 434D.

  In this modification, each powdery tooth 38 can be fixed so as to be easily fitted to the back yoke 434D from the outer peripheral side thereof. Further, in this fixing structure, a recess or protrusion is formed in the fitting portion of the fitting recess 434Da and the compacting tooth 38 along the direction substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a, and both are fitted. Can be fixed together. Thereby, it is possible to effectively prevent the dust teeth 38 from being pulled out of the back yoke 434D by the thrust force.

{Sixth embodiment}
An axial gap type motor according to the sixth embodiment will be described. FIG. 26 is an exploded perspective view showing an axial gap type motor according to the present embodiment.

  The axial gap type motor 510 according to the present embodiment is different from the axial gap type motor 410 according to the fifth embodiment in that a stator 530 is mainly provided on both surfaces of the rotor 520. The rotor 520 exhibits magnetic poles on both sides, like the rotor 320 according to the fourth embodiment. The stator 530 has the same configuration as the stator 430 according to the fifth embodiment. Other configurations are the same as those in the fifth embodiment, and thus the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.

  This embodiment also has the advantage that the thrust force can be reduced as in the fourth embodiment.

  Further, the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 of one stator 530 are opposed to the compacted tooth 38 of the other stator 530, and the compacted tooth 38 of one stator 530 is opposed to the laminated steel sheet tooth 36 of the other stator 530. is doing.

  Thereby, in the magnetic circuit constituted by both teeth 36, 38, the magnetic flux passes through the same number and in the same manner of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 and the compacted tooth 38, and the magnetic resistance becomes substantially uniform. And a well-balanced design.

  Moreover, since the laminated steel sheet tooth 36 around which the coil 40 is wound is opposed to the green tooth 38 around which the coil is not wound, the dust tooth 38 can also function as a clear magnetic pole. . In addition, when the predetermined coil 40 wound around the laminated steel sheet 36 is a predetermined one of the three phases, the coil 40 of the laminated steel sheet 36 adjacent to the powdered tooth 38 facing the other coil 40 is another There are two phases. For example, if the predetermined coil 40 wound around the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 is the U phase, the coils 40 of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 adjacent to the dusting teeth 38 facing it are the V phase and the W phase.

  It is to be noted that a current flows through each coil 40 so that opposing teeth 36 and 38 of the same phase show opposite magnetic poles when viewed from the rotor 520 side.

{Seventh embodiment}
A stator of an axial gap type motor according to the seventh embodiment will be described. FIG. 27 is a perspective view showing a stator according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 28 is an exploded perspective view showing the stator.

  The stator 630 according to the present embodiment differs from the stator 30 according to the first embodiment in the winding method of the coils 640U1, 640V1, 640W1, 640U2, 640V2, and 640W2. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.

  That is, the coils 640 U 1, 640 V 1, 640 W 1, 640 U 2, 640 V 2, and 640 W 2 are distributed over a plurality of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36 and the compressed powder teeth 38. More specifically, the upper layer coils 640U1, 640V1, and 640W1 and the lower layer coils 640U2, 640V2, and 640W2 have a two-layer structure. The lower coils 640U2, 640V2, and 640W2 are wound around two laminated steel sheet teeth 36 adjacent to each other with one compacted tooth 38 interposed therebetween. That is, each coil 640U2, 640V2, 640W2 is wound so as to be bent along a substantially right-angled corner of each laminated steel sheet tooth 36. In the lower layer, the coils 640U2, 640V2, and 640W2 are arranged so as not to overlap each other. Similarly, the upper coils 640U1, 640V1, and 640W1 are wound around two laminated steel sheet teeth 36 adjacent to each other with one dusting tooth 38 interposed therebetween. That is, the coils 640U1, 640V1, and 640W1 are also wound so as to be bent along the substantially right-angled corners of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36. In the upper layer, the coils 640U1, 640V1, and 640W1 are arranged so as not to overlap each other. The upper coil coils 640U1, 640V1, and 640W1 and the lower coil coils 640U2, 640V2, and 640W2 overlap each other in the circumferential direction of the back yoke 34, here, around each laminated steel sheet tooth 36. It is arranged like this.

  The coils 640U1, 640V1, 640W1, 640U2, 640V2, and 640W2 are each excited by passing an AC current rectified in three phases, and generate magnetic fluxes along the direction of the rotary shaft 18a in the teeth 36 and 38, respectively. A quadrupole rotating magnetic field is generated.

  According to the present embodiment, since the coils 640U1, 640V1, 640W1, 640U2, 640V2, and 640W2 are three-phase windings distributed over the plurality of teeth 36 and 38, the spatial harmonics of the magnetic flux are reduced. Vibration and noise can be reduced.

  Further, since the coils 640U1, 640V1, 640W1, 640U2, 640V2, and 640W2 are wound so as to be bent at the corners of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36, the bending angles thereof are not acute angles but are substantially perpendicular. Thereby, the coil 640U1, 640V1, 640W1, 640U2, 640V2, and 640W2 can be prevented from being thickened and the circumference thereof can be shortened.

  As shown in FIG. 29, each upper coil 640BU1, 640BV1, 640BW1 is bent downward at both ends in the circumferential direction, and the inner peripheral portion and the outer peripheral portion are bent upward. It may be. The lower coils 640U2, 640V2, and 640W2 and the end portions of the upper coils 640BU1, 640BV1, and 640BW1 may be arranged in a single layer between the teeth 36 and 38. Further, the lower coils 640U2, 640V2, and 640W2 may be bent in the opposite direction.

{Eighth embodiment}
A stator of an axial gap type motor according to the eighth embodiment will be described. 30 is a perspective view showing a stator according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 31 is an exploded perspective view showing the stator.

  The stator 730 according to the present embodiment differs from the stator 30 according to the first embodiment in the winding method of the coils 740U, 740V, and 740W. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.

  That is, the coils 740U, 740V, and 740W are three-phase windings that are wound around a plurality of the teeth 36 and 38.

  More specifically, the coils 740U, 740V, and 740W are wound so as to sew the outer peripheral portion and the outer peripheral portion of each of the teeth 36 and 38. The coils 740U, 740V, and 740W are wound around the first layer, the second layer, and the third layer in this order from the bottom to the top. The first layer coil 740U is adjacent to two laminated steel sheet teeth 36 that are adjacent to each other with one dusting tooth 38 interposed therebetween, and one dusting tooth 38 that is opposed to the rotating steel shaft 18a. It is wound around two laminated steel teeth 36. The coil 740U is bent along the outer corner of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36, and is bent at an angle of approximately 90 ° or more at the inner corner of the adjacent compaction tooth 38. The portion between the bent portions at the inner corners of the powdered teeth 38 is curved in an arc shape so as to pass the outer peripheral side of the shaft 18 (see FIG. 1).

  The other coils 740V and 740W are wound around the teeth 36 and 38 in the same manner. These three coils 740U, 740V, and 740W are wound around the rotating shaft 18a in a posture shifted by (360/3) ° = 120 °. Each of the coils 740U, 740V, and 740W partially overlaps in the circumferential direction. Here, the coils 740U, 740V, and 740W overlap vertically in the winding portion of the laminated steel sheet teeth 36. That is, in the coil 740U, 740V, 740W, when viewed in partial units wound around two laminated steel sheet teeth 36 adjacent to each other with one compacted tooth 38 interposed therebetween, the arrangement relationship is the same as the distributed winding described above. .

  Then, each coil 740U, 740V, 740W is excited by passing an alternating current rectified in three phases, and a magnetic flux is generated in each of the teeth 36, 38 along the direction of the rotating shaft 18a. Is supposed to occur.

  Since this embodiment is a three-phase winding in which the coils 740U, 740V, and 740W are wound, the spatial harmonics of the magnetic flux can be reduced, and vibration and noise can be reduced. Moreover, the total number of coils 740U, 740V, and 740W can be reduced by reducing the number of coils. Furthermore, there is an advantage that the connection can be reduced even when the number of poles is large.

  In addition, the coils 740U, 740V, and 740W are bent along the outer corners of the laminated steel teeth 36, and are bent at an angle of approximately 90 ° or more at the inner corners of the powdered tooth 38 adjacent thereto. Therefore, the coil 740U, 740V, and 740W can be prevented from being thickened and the circumference of the coil can be reduced.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 31, the part arrange | positioned between each teeth 36 and 38 among the coils 740BU, 740BV, and 740BW is bent below, and the part arrange | positioned between each teeth 36 and 38 is about. In addition to a single layer, the outer peripheral side portion and the inner peripheral side portion may be appropriately folded upward or downward to overlap.

{Modifications}
In the present embodiment, the field element is a rotor and the armature is a stator. However, the field element may be a stator and the armature may be a rotor.

  Moreover, the structure which concerns on said each embodiment and each modification can be suitably combined mutually, unless it opposes mutually.

It is a figure which shows the principal part cross section of the axial gap type motor which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a principal part disassembled perspective view of an axial gap type motor same as the above. It is a perspective view which shows the stator in an axial gap type motor same as the above. It is a top view which shows the stator and magnetic body board in an axial gap type motor same as the above. It is a figure which shows the lamination direction of laminated steel sheet teeth. It is a figure which shows the other example of the lamination direction of laminated steel sheet teeth. It is a principal part schematic sectional drawing which shows the modification of a fitting recessed part. It is a figure which shows the arrangement | positioning form in case there are many numbers of laminated steel sheet teeth. It is a figure which shows the arrangement | positioning form in case there are many numbers of powdered teeth. It is a perspective view which shows the modification which provided the collar to the laminated steel sheet teeth. It is a figure which shows the modification which provided the collar to the laminated steel sheet teeth and the compacting tooth. It is a perspective view which shows the stator of the axial gap type motor which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows a stator same as the above. It is a perspective view which shows the stator which concerns on the modification of 2nd Embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows a stator same as the above. It is a perspective view which shows the stator of the axial gap type motor which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the stator which concerns on the modification of 3rd Embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the axial gap type motor which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the axial gap type motor which concerns on 5th Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the rotor in an axial gap type motor same as the above. It is sectional drawing which shows the positional relationship of a rotor magnetic body and powdered teeth. It is sectional drawing which shows the positional relationship of a rotor magnetic body and laminated steel plate teeth. It is a figure which shows the modification of a stator. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of a powdered tooth. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of a back yoke. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the axial gap type motor which concerns on 6th Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the stator of the axial gap type motor which concerns on 7th Embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows a stator same as the above. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the modification of a coil. It is a perspective view which shows the stator of the axial gap type motor which concerns on 8th Embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows a stator same as the above. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the modification of a coil.

Explanation of symbols

10, 310, 410, 510 Axial gap type motor 18a Rotating shaft 20, 320, 520 Rotor 24, 324 Permanent magnet 26, 426 Rotor magnetic body 26s Slit 30, 130, 130B, 230, 330, 430, 430B, 530, 630 , 730 Stator 32 Stator core 34, 34B, 34C, 34D, 434, 434C, 434D Back yoke 34Ca Cut part 35a, 35b, 35Ba, 35Bb Fitting recess 36, 36B, 36F Laminated steel sheet teeth 36Ea, 36Fa collar part 38Fa collar part 38 , 38C, 38D, 38F, 438C Compacted teeth 40, 40C, 40D Coil 42, 42C, 42D Coil 150, 150B, 250, 250B, 450B First stator collar 152, 152B, 250 252B, 452B Second stator collar 150a, 152a Recess 150Ba, 152Ba Hole 254, 254B, 454B Annular stator collar 254a, 454Ba Connecting part 254Bs Slit 434Da Fitting recess 640U1, 640V1, 640W2, 640U2, 640U2, 640U1, 640U , 640BV1, 640BW1 Coil 740U, 740V, 740W Coil 740BU, 740BV, 740BW Coil

Claims (31)

An axial gap type motor (10, 310, 410, 510) having a rotating shaft (18a),
Field elements (20, 320, 520);
Armature core (32), and coils (40, 42, 40C, 42C, 40D, 42D, 640U1, 640V1, 640W1, 640U2, 640V2, 640W2, 640BU1, 640BV1, 640BW1, 740U, attached to the armature core Armature (30, 130, 130B, 230, 330, 430, 430B, 530, 630, 730) facing the field element via a gap, and 740V, 740W, 740BU, 740BV, 740BW) ,
With
The armature core is
A substantially disc-shaped back yoke (34, 34B, 34C, 34D, 434, 434C, 434D);
A plurality of teeth (36, 38, 36B, 38C, 38D, 36F, 38F, 438C) arranged around the rotating shaft so as to protrude from the surface of the back yoke facing the field element. ) And
The plurality of teeth is
A plurality of laminated steel sheets teeth (36, 36B, 36F) formed of laminated steel sheets laminated in a direction substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis and a plurality of dust teeth (38, 38C, 38D, 38F, 438C). The axial gap type motor according to claim 1,
The back yoke (34, 34B, 34C, 34D, 434, 434C, 434D) is an axial gap type motor formed of a laminated steel plate in which thin plates that are substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis are laminated in the rotation axis direction. An axial gap motor according to claim 1 or 2,
The plurality of teeth includes the same number of the powdered teeth (36) and the laminated steel sheet teeth (38),
The powdered teeth and the powdered teeth are alternately arranged around the rotation axis,
Each of the laminated steel teeth has a substantially square cross-sectional portion in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis,
Two sides (38a) that are substantially parallel to the side of the cross-sectional portion of the laminated steel sheet tooth adjacent to each other and the two sides that are substantially parallel to the back yoke are arranged on a plane substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis. An axial gap type motor having a cross-sectional shape portion surrounded by a side (38b) connected on the outer peripheral side of the motor. An axial gap motor according to claim 1 or 2,
The plurality of teeth includes n (n is an integer of 2 or more) compacted teeth (36C) and (n × h) (h is an integer of 2 or more) laminated steel sheet teeth (38C).
The n powdered teeth are arranged around the rotation axis at intervals, and the laminated steel sheet teeth are arranged at intervals of n between the n powdered teeth. Established,
Each of the laminated steel teeth has a substantially square cross-sectional portion in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis,
In the plane where the dusting teeth are substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, two sides substantially parallel to the side of the cross-sectional portion of the laminated steel sheet tooth adjacent to each other, and the two sides substantially parallel to each other are arranged on the outer peripheral side of the back yoke. An axial gap type motor having a cross-sectional shape portion surrounded by sides connected by. The axial gap type motor according to claim 4,
An axial gap type motor in which a removal portion (34Ca) is formed on an outer peripheral side portion of h laminated steel sheet teeth provided adjacently in the back yoke (34C). An axial gap motor according to claim 1 or 2,
The plurality of teeth includes m (m is an integer of 2 or more) laminated steel sheet teeth (36D), and m × i (i is an integer of 2 or more) compacted teeth (38D),
The m laminated steel sheet teeth are arranged at intervals around the rotation axis, and each of the green compact teeth is arranged at an interval of m pieces of the laminated steel sheet teeth. Established,
Each of the laminated steel teeth has a substantially square cross-sectional portion in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis,
In the plane where the powder teeth are substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, two sides that are substantially parallel to the side of the cross-sectional portion of the powdered tooth or the laminated steel sheet tooth adjacent to each other, and the two sides that are substantially parallel to each other. An axial gap type motor having a cross-sectional shape portion surrounded by a side connected on an outer peripheral side of the back yoke. An axial gap type motor according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The back yoke (34, 34B) includes a fitting recess (35a, 35b, 35Ba, in which each of the laminated steel teeth and each of the dusting teeth are partially embedded in all or part of the thickness direction of the back yoke. 35Bb), an axial gap type motor. It is an axial gap type motor in any one of Claims 1-7,
In a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, a cross-sectional area of a portion of each laminated steel sheet tooth (36) corresponding to a winding position of the coil, and a winding of the coil among the dusting teeth (38). An axial gap type motor in which the cross-sectional area of the part corresponding to the position is substantially the same. It is an axial gap type motor in any one of Claims 1-7,
In a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, the cross-sectional area of the portion of each laminated steel sheet tooth (36) corresponding to the winding position of the coil is the winding of the coil of each of the dusting teeth (38). An axial gap type motor that is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the part according to the position. It is an axial gap type motor in any one of Claims 1-9,
An axial gap type motor in which the lamination direction of each of the laminated steel teeth (36B) is a direction substantially orthogonal to the radial direction of the back yoke. It is an axial gap type motor in any one of Claims 1-9,
An axial gap type motor in which the lamination direction of each laminated steel sheet tooth (36) is the radial direction of the back yoke. An axial gap type motor according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
The thin plate constituting the laminated steel sheet teeth (36) is an axial gap type motor in which a direction with good magnetic properties is a directional electromagnetic steel sheet substantially parallel to the rotation axis direction. An axial gap type motor according to any one of claims 1 to 12,
An axial gap type motor in which a cross-sectional area shape of a portion corresponding to a winding position of the coil of the dust teeth (38) has a rounded corner shape shape on a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis. An axial gap type motor according to any one of claims 1 to 13,
Each of the laminated steel teeth (36E, 36F) is an axial gap type motor formed by laminating a plurality of thin plates having a wide portion facing the field element. The axial gap type motor according to any one of claims 1 to 14,
An axial gap type motor in which a portion of each of the dust teeth (38F) facing the field element is formed wide. An axial gap type motor according to any one of claims 1 to 13,
The armature is
A first magnetic body portion (250, 250B, 450B) that is attached to the end of the laminated steel sheet teeth on the field element side and is wider than the laminated steel sheet teeth;
A second magnetic portion (250, 252B, 452B) that is attached to the end of the dust teeth and is wider than the dust teeth;
An axial gap type comprising substantially disk-shaped magnetic plate members (254, 254B, 454B) in which the first magnetic body portions and the second magnetic body portions are coupled in a magnetically independent state. motor. An axial gap type motor according to any one of claims 1 to 13,
The armature is
A first magnetic body portion (150, 150B) that is attached to the field element side end of each laminated steel sheet tooth and wider than the laminated steel sheet tooth;
A second magnetic part (152, 152B) that is attached to the field element side end of each powdered tooth and wider than the powdered tooth;
Each said 1st magnetic body part and each said 2nd magnetic body part are the recessed parts (150a) by which the said field element side edge part of each said laminated steel sheet tooth and said field element side edge part of each said compaction tooth are engage | inserted. , 152a) or an axial gap type motor having holes (150Ba, 152Ba). An axial gap type motor according to any one of claims 1 to 17,
Wide magnetic cores are provided at the field element side ends of the laminated steel teeth and the field element side ends of the dust teeth, respectively, and slits (254Bs) between the wide magnetic cores are provided. An axial gap type motor extending in a direction inclined with respect to the radial direction of the back yoke. An axial gap type motor according to any one of claims 1 to 18,
Two armatures (330, 330, 530, 530) provided on both sides of the field element (320, 520),
Each of the laminated steel sheet teeth (36) of one armature is opposed to each of the dusting teeth (38) of the other armature,
An axial gap type motor in which each powder tooth (38) of one armature is opposed to each laminated steel sheet tooth (36) of the other armature. The axial gap type motor according to claim 19,
The field gap element (320, 520) is an axial gap type motor having a permanent magnet (324) presenting a magnetic pole with respect to both armatures. An axial gap type motor according to any one of claims 1 to 20,
Each of the coils (640U1, 640V1, 640W1, 640U2, 640V2, 640W2, 640BU1, 640BV1, 640BW1) is distributed over a plurality of teeth (36, 38) of each of the laminated steel teeth and each of the powdered teeth. An axial gap type motor with three-phase winding. The axial gap type motor according to claim 21,
Each coil (640U1, 640V1, 640W1, 640U2, 640V2, 640W2, 640BU1, 640BV1, 640BW1) is an axial gap type wound so as to be bent along a corner of each laminated steel sheet tooth (36). motor. An axial gap type motor according to any one of claims 1 to 20,
Each of the coils (740U, 740V, 740W, 740BU, 740BV, 740BW) is an axial gap type motor that is a three-phase winding that is wave-wound over a plurality of the laminated steel sheet teeth and the compacted tooth. An axial gap type motor according to claim 23,
The coils (740U, 740V, 740W, 740BU, 740BV, 740BW) are bent along the corners of the laminated steel sheet teeth (36), and are approximately 90 at the corners of the green powder teeth (38). An axial gap type motor bent at an angle of more than ゜. An axial gap type motor according to any one of claims 1 to 20,
Each said coil (40, 42) is an axial gap type motor which is a three-phase coil | winding concentrated on each of each said laminated steel sheet tooth and each said powdered tooth. An axial gap type motor according to any one of claims 1 to 20,
Each said coil (40) is an axial gap type motor which is a three-phase winding concentratedly wound only on each said laminated steel plate tooth (36). The axial gap type motor according to claim 26,
Each said compacting tooth (38) was provided in the outer peripheral side rather than each said laminated steel sheet tooth (36), and the position used as the clearance gap between each coil (40) wound by each said laminated steel sheet tooth. Axial gap type motor. An axial gap motor according to claim 27,
Wide magnetic cores (450B, 452B) are respectively provided at the field element side end portions of the laminated steel teeth and the field element side end portions of the dust teeth.
Each of the wide magnetic cores is substantially the same radial position as the outermost peripheral portion of each of the laminated steel teeth and each of the dusting teeth, or an outer peripheral portion on the outer peripheral side thereof, and each of the laminated steel teeth and each of the dusting teeth. An axial gap type motor having substantially the same radial position as that of the innermost peripheral portion or an outer peripheral portion on the inner peripheral side thereof. An axial gap motor according to claim 27 or claim 28,
A fitting recess (434Da) is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the back yoke (434D) to allow the dust teeth (36) to be fitted from the outer peripheral side.
An axial gap type motor in which each powdery tooth is fitted in each fitting recess of the back yoke and fixed to the back yoke. An axial gap type motor according to any one of claims 26 to 29, wherein:
In a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, a portion of the cross-sectional shape of each of the dusting teeth (438C) that faces the coil (40) wound around each of the laminated steel teeth is substantially recessed inward. An axial gap type motor formed in an arc shape. It is an axial gap type motor in any one of Claims 1-30,
The field element is a field element-side magnetic member that can oppose the entire radial direction of the field element side end face of each laminated steel sheet tooth and the entire radial direction of the field element side end face of the dust teeth. 26) an axial gap type motor.

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