JP4956765B2 - Building structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a building having a plurality of columns arranged at intervals and a plurality of beams arranged at intervals between two columns adjacent to each other and each joined to the columns by PC steel. Concerning structure.

A conventional building has a plurality of columns arranged at intervals and a plurality of beams arranged at intervals between two columns adjacent to each other, and each of the columns and the beams is precast. Some beams are made of concrete and each beam is joined to the column by a PC steel material into which equal tension is introduced (see Patent Document 1).
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-32005

  Since the tension introduced into the PC steel that joins each beam to the column is equal, when the column receives a horizontal force during an earthquake and a gap is generated between one beam and the other column, A gap is similarly generated between the pillars. For this reason, depending on the magnitude of the horizontal force received by the column during an earthquake, a gap may be formed between all the beams and the column. When gaps are generated between all the beams and the columns, the angles formed by all the beams and the columns change, and the joint portions between all the beams and the columns are deformed. For this reason, the building is damaged at all joints, and it takes a lot of time and labor to repair the building after the earthquake.

  An object of the present invention is to prevent the building from being damaged at the joint between all the beams and columns during an earthquake.

  In the present invention, only the angle formed between the beam and the column joined by the PC steel material introduced with a relatively small tension is changed, and the angle formed between the beam and the column joined by the PC steel material introduced with a relatively large tension is not changed. By doing so, only the joint portion between the beam and the column joined by the PC steel material introduced with a relatively small tension is deformed, and the damage of the building is limited to this joint portion. Do not damage the joints.

  The building structure according to the present invention includes a plurality of pillars arranged at intervals and two pillars adjacent to each other and joined to the pillars by a PC steel member introduced with a first tension. One beam, and at least one second beam that is arranged above and below the first beam and joined to the column by a PC steel member introduced with a second tension greater than the first tension, A damper having one end attached to the second beam and the other end attached to the first beam is disposed between the first beam and the second beam below the first beam.

  The first tension introduced into the PC steel that joins the first beam to the column is smaller than the second tension introduced into the PC steel that joins the second beam to the column. Even when a gap is generated between the first beam and the column due to a horizontal force, it is possible to prevent a gap from being generated between the second beam and the column. For this reason, only the angle formed by the first beam and the column can be changed, and the angle formed by the second beam and the column can be prevented from changing. Accordingly, only the joint portion between the first beam and the column can be deformed, and the joint portion between the second beam and the column can be prevented from being deformed, and the building can be prevented from being deformed. It is possible to prevent damage to only the joint between the second beam and the column. Therefore, the building will not be damaged at all joints.

  When the angle formed by the first beam and the column changes, the first beam relatively moves in the horizontal direction with respect to the second beam below the first beam. The damper attenuates the relative motion.

  The distance between the first beam and the second beam below the first beam may be smaller than the distance between the first beam and the second beam above the first beam. A slab may be provided on the second beam below the first beam, and the one end of the damper may be attached to the second beam via the slab.

  A first mounting block is provided on the second beam below the first beam, and a second mounting block is provided below the first beam at a horizontal interval from the first mounting block; The damper may be a cylinder having one end fixed to the first mounting block and the other end fixed to the second mounting block.

  A first mounting member is provided on the second beam below the first beam, and a second mounting member is provided below the first beam at a distance upward from the first mounting member; The damper may be made of a steel plate having a lower end fixed to the first mounting member and an upper end fixed to the second mounting member.

  Another structure of a building according to the present invention is a PC in which a plurality of pillars arranged at intervals and two pillars adjacent to each other are arranged at intervals, each of which is introduced with a first tension. A plurality of first beams joined to the columns by steel materials, and the first beams joined to the columns by PC steel materials arranged above and below each first beam and introduced with a second tension greater than the first tension. And at least one second beam, one end of which is attached to the second beam and the other end is attached to the first beam between the first beam and the second beam below the first beam. A damper is placed.

  According to the present invention, the first tension introduced into the PC steel joining the first beam to the column is smaller than the second tension introduced into the PC steel joining the second beam to the column. Even when the column receives a horizontal force and a gap is generated between the first beam and the column, it is possible to prevent a gap from being generated between the second beam and the column. For this reason, only the angle formed by the first beam and the column can be changed, and the angle formed by the second beam and the column can be prevented from changing. Accordingly, only the joint portion between the first beam and the column can be deformed, and the joint portion between the second beam and the column can be prevented from being deformed, and the building can be prevented from being deformed. It is possible to prevent damage to only the joint between the second beam and the column. Therefore, the building is not damaged at all joints, and the time and labor required for repairing the building after the earthquake can be reduced.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a building 12 is constructed on a foundation 10 provided on the ground. The building 12 includes a plurality of columns 14 spaced on the foundation 10, a plurality of first beams 16 spaced between two adjacent columns 14, and each of the first beams. And at least one second beam 18 disposed above and below. A damper 20 is disposed between the first beam 16 and the second beam 18 below the first beam 16. One end of the damper is attached to the second beam 18 and the other end is attached to the first beam 16. .

  In the illustrated example, a plurality of second beams 18 are arranged above and below each first beam 16 at intervals. A slab 22 is provided on each first beam 16 and each second beam 18, and one end portion of the damper 20 is attached to the second beam 18 via the slab 22. Instead of the illustrated example in which the slab 22 is provided on the second beam 18 and one end of the damper 20 is attached to the second beam 18 via the slab 22, the slab 22 is provided on the second beam 18. Alternatively, one end of the damper 20 may be attached to the second beam 18 without the slab 22 interposed therebetween.

Each column 14 is composed of a plurality of column members 14a made of precast concrete and arranged adjacent to each other in the vertical direction. As is known from Patent Document 2, the two adjacent column members 14a are joined to each other by a PC steel material (not shown) into which tension is introduced.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-252884

  The distance 24 between the first beam 16 and the second beam 18 below the first beam 16 is the distance 26 between the first beam 16 and the second beam 18 above the first beam 16 and the second beam 18 above and below the second beam 18. The distance between the beam 18 is smaller than 26 '. Each of the first beam 16 and the second beam 18 is made of precast concrete.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a plurality of PC steel materials 30 extending in the axial direction of the first beam 16 are arranged at intervals on the end portion of the first beam 16 and the column 14. As known from Document 1, it is joined to the column 14 by a PC steel material 30. Each PC steel material 30 is made of, for example, a PC steel stranded wire, covered with a sheath 28, and a first tension is introduced by a post tension method. The first beam 16 has a pair of opposing side surfaces, and a recess 32 is formed on each side surface. One end of the PC steel material 30 is fixed to the inner surface of the recess 32, and the other end is fixed to the side surface of the column 14.

  As in the case of the first beam 16, a plurality of PC steel materials 30 extending in the axial direction of the second beam 18 are arranged at intervals on the end portion and the column 14 of the second beam 18, and the second beam 18 is connected to the PC. The steel material 30 is joined to the pillar 14. Each PC steel material 30 is made of, for example, a PC steel stranded wire and is covered with a sheath 28, and a second tension is introduced by a post tension method. The second tension is greater than the first tension.

  The number of PC steel materials 30 that join the second beams 18 to the columns 14 is equal to the number of PC steel materials 30 that join the first beams 16 to the columns 14. For this reason, the total of the second tension introduced into the PC steel 30 that joins the second beam 18 to the column 14 is equal to the first tension introduced into the PC steel 30 that joins the first beam 16 to the column 14. Greater than total. The number of PC steel members 30 that join the second beams 18 to the columns 14 is equal to the number of PC steel members 30 that join the first beams 16 to the columns 14, and the first beams 16 are joined to the columns 14. The number of PC steel materials 30 may be different. However, also in this case, the total of the second tension introduced into the PC steel material 30 that joins the second beam 18 to the column 14 is the sum of the second tension introduced into the PC steel material 30 that joins the first beam 16 to the column 14. It shall be larger than the sum of the first tensions. In the above example, the grout is filled in the sheath 28 that covers the PC steel material 30, but instead of this, the grout may not be filled in the sheath 28.

  By the way, in a building in which a beam is joined to a column by a PC steel material, when a horizontal force larger than a predetermined horizontal force is applied to the column, a gap is generated between the beam and the column. The magnitude of the horizontal force that creates a gap between the beam and the column depends on the magnitude of the tension introduced into the PC steel. For this reason, the smaller the magnitude of the tension introduced into the PC steel material, the easier it is to create a gap between the beam and the column. The first tension introduced into the PC steel material 30 joining the first beam 16 to the column 14 is smaller than the second tension introduced into the PC steel material 30 joining the second beam 18 to the column 14. Even when the column 14 receives a horizontal force and a gap is generated between the first beam 16 and the column 14, the gap can be prevented from being generated between the second beam 18 and the column 14. For this reason, it is possible to change only the angle formed by the first beam 16 and the column 14 and not to change the angle formed by the second beam 18 and the column 14.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a first mounting block 34 is provided on the second beam 18 below the first beam 16, and is spaced below the first beam 16 in a horizontal direction from the first mounting block. A second mounting block 36 is provided. The first mounting block 34 is formed on the slab 22 provided on the second beam 18, and the second mounting block 36 is formed on the first beam 16. Instead of the illustrated example in which the slab 22 is provided on the second beam 18 and the first attachment block 34 is formed on the slab, the slab 22 is not provided on the second beam 18 and the first attachment is performed. The block 34 may be formed on the second beam 18. The damper 20 includes a cylinder 42 having one end 38 fixed to the first mounting block 34 and the other end 40 fixed to the second mounting block 36. The cylinder 42 is a hydraulic cylinder in the illustrated example, but may be a pneumatic cylinder instead.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the building 12 vibrates when an earthquake occurs. At this time, the first tension introduced into the PC steel 30 that joins the first beam 16 to the column 14 is smaller than the second tension introduced into the PC steel 30 that joins the second beam 18 to the column 14. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the column 14 receives a horizontal force due to the earthquake, and a gap is generated between the first beam 16 and the column 14, and the angle formed by the first beam 16 and the column 14 changes. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, the first beam 16 moves relative to the second beam 18 below in the horizontal direction. At this time, the hydraulic cylinder 42 attenuates the relative motion by the resistance of oil in the hydraulic cylinder, and reduces the vibration of the building 12.

  The second tension introduced into the PC steel material 30 that joins the second beam 18 to the column 14 is larger than the first tension introduced into the PC steel material 30 that joins the first beam 16 to the column 14. Even when a gap is generated between the beam 16 and the column 14, no gap is generated between the second beam 18 and the column 14. For this reason, the angle which the 2nd beam 18 and the pillar 14 make does not change (FIG. 5).

  As the angle formed by the first beam 16 and the pillar 14 changes, the joint portion of the building 12 in the first beam 16 and the pillar 14 is deformed, and the joint portion is damaged. On the other hand, since the angle formed by the second beam 18 and the pillar 14 does not change, the joint portion between the second beam 18 and the pillar 14 in the building 12 is not deformed, and the joint portion is not damaged. As described above, since the damage of the building 12 is limited to the joint portion between the first beam 16 and the column 14, the damage of the building 12 does not reach all the joint portions. For this reason, the time and labor required for the restoration of the building after the earthquake can be reduced.

  By the way, the conventional building which does not have a vibration damping structure has the tension introduced into the PC steel 30 that joins the first beam 16 to the column 14 and the tension introduced into the PC steel 30 that joins the second beam 18 to the column 14. And the damper 20 is not disposed between the first beam 16 and the second beam 18 below the first beam 16. In a building that does not have a vibration damping structure, the tension introduced into the PC steel 30 that joins the first beam 16 to the column 14 is smaller than the tension introduced into the PC steel 30 that joins the second beam 18 to the column 14. By arranging the damper 20 between the first beam 16 and the second beam 18 below the first beam 16, it can be changed to the building 12 having the vibration damping structure.

  A space 44 between the first beam 16 and the second beam 18 above the first beam 16 and a space 44 ′ between the second beam 18 and the second beam 18 above or below the second beam 18 are, for example, a residence, an office, or the like. use. The space 46 between the first beam 16 and the second beam 18 below the first beam 16 is used as, for example, a warehouse, an installation location of electrical equipment, or the like.

  In the example shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of first beams 16 are arranged between two columns 14 adjacent to each other, and at least one second beam 18 is arranged above and below each first beam 16. However, instead of this, one first beam 16 is arranged between two columns 14 adjacent to each other, and at least one second beam 18 is arranged above and below the first beam 16, respectively. Also good. In the example shown in FIG. 1, two first beams 16 are arranged between two adjacent pillars 14, but the number of first beams 16 may be three or more.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the damper 20 is made of a steel plate 48 instead of the example shown in FIG. A first mounting member 50 is provided on the second beam 18 below the first beam 16, and a second mounting member 52 is provided below the first beam 16 at an interval upward from the first mounting member. It has been. The first attachment member 50 is attached to the slab 22 provided on the second beam 18, and the second attachment member 52 is attached to the first beam 16. Instead of the illustrated example in which the slab 22 is provided on the second beam 18 and the first attachment member 50 is attached to the slab, the slab 22 is not provided on the second beam 18 and the first attachment is performed. The working member 50 may be attached to the second beam 18. The steel plate 48 has a lower end 54 fixed to the first mounting member 50 and an upper end 56 fixed to the second mounting member 52.

  The first mounting member 50 has a main body portion 50a fixed to the slab 22 on the second beam 18, and a plate-like portion 50b extending upward from the main body portion. The lower end portion 54 of the steel plate 48 is disposed adjacent to the plate-like portion 50b of the first attachment member 50. The steel plate 48 and the first attachment member 50 are the lower end portion 54 of the steel plate 48 and the first attachment member 50. Are joined to each other by a bolt 58 passing through the plate-like portion 50b and a nut 60 screwed to the bolt. The second mounting member 52 has a main body portion 52a fixed to the first beam 16, and a plate-like portion 52b extending downward from the main body portion. The upper end portion 56 of the steel plate 48 is disposed adjacent to the plate-like portion 52b of the second mounting member 52. The steel plate 48 and the second mounting member 52 include the upper end portion 56 of the steel plate 48 and the second mounting member 52. Are joined to each other by a bolt 62 penetrating the plate-like portion 52b and a nut 64 screwed to the bolt.

  When the first beam 16 moves relative to the second beam 18 in the horizontal direction during the earthquake, the second mounting member 52 moves relative to the first mounting member 50 in the horizontal direction. At this time, the steel plate 48 is shear-deformed to attenuate the relative motion and absorb the vibration energy of the building 12. At this time, the steel plate 48 is first elastically deformed and then plastically deformed. That is, it functions as an elastic-plastic damper.

  The steel plate 48 has a plurality of parallel slits 66 extending between the upper end 56 and the lower end 54 in the thickness direction and extending in the vertical direction (FIG. 7). Since the steel plate 48 having the plurality of slits 66 is easily deformed, it effectively absorbs the vibration energy of the building 12. The steel plate 48 may be one having no slit 66 instead of the example shown in FIG. The steel plate 48 may be made of ordinary steel or may be made of low yield point steel.

  In the example shown in FIG. 7, the distance 24 between the first beam 16 and the second beam 18 below the first beam 16 is equal to the distance 26 between the first beam 16 and the second beam 18 above it and the second beam 18. And the distance 26 ′ between the upper and lower second beams 18.

The damper 20 may be made of a viscoelastic damper (not shown) instead of the example shown in FIGS. In this case, for example, as known in Patent Document 3, the damper 20 is provided between two opposing first steel plates, a second steel plate between the first steel plates, and between each first steel plate and the second steel plate. And a viscoelastic body bonded to the first steel plate and the second steel. The viscoelastic body is made of rubber, for example. The lower end portion of the second steel plate is attached to the second beam 18 below the first beam 16, and the upper end portion of each first steel plate is attached to the first beam 16. When the first beam 16 moves relative to the second beam 18 in the horizontal direction during the earthquake, each first steel plate moves relative to the second steel plate in the horizontal direction. At this time, the viscoelastic body is shear-deformed to attenuate the relative motion and absorb the vibration energy of the building 12.
JP 2002-194917 A

The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the building which concerns on this invention. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a column and a first beam in line 2 of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a plan view of a column and a first beam on line 3 in FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a damper along line 4 in FIG. 1. The longitudinal cross-sectional view at the time of the earthquake of the building which concerns on this invention. FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a column and a first beam on line 6 in FIG. 5. The enlarged view of the damper concerning other examples of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the damper taken along line 8 in FIG. 7.

Explanation of symbols

10 foundation 12 building 14 pillar 16 first beam 18 second beam 20 damper 22 slab 24, 26 spacing 30 PC steel 34 first mounting block 36 second mounting block 38 one end 40 other end 42 cylinder 48 steel plate 50 first 1 mounting member 52 second mounting member 54 lower end 56 upper end

Claims (6)

  A plurality of columns arranged at intervals, a first beam disposed between two columns adjacent to each other and joined to the column by PC steel introduced with a first tension, and above the first beam And at least one second beam disposed on each of the lower sides and joined to the column by a PC steel member introduced with a second tension greater than the first tension, the first beam and the second beam below the first beam. A structure of a building in which a damper having one end attached to the second beam and the other end attached to the first beam is disposed between the beams.   A plurality of columns arranged at intervals, and a plurality of first columns arranged at intervals between two columns adjacent to each other, each of which is joined to the columns by a PC steel material introduced with a first tension. A beam and at least one second beam disposed above and below each first beam and joined to the column by PC steel introduced with a second tension greater than the first tension, A structure of a building in which a damper having one end attached to the second beam and the other end attached to the first beam is disposed between the first beam and the second beam below the first beam.   The structure of a building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a distance between the first beam and a second beam below the first beam is smaller than a distance between the first beam and a second beam above the first beam.   3. The building according to claim 1, wherein a slab is provided on a second beam below the first beam, and the one end of the damper is attached to the second beam via the slab. Construction.   A first mounting block is provided on the second beam below the first beam, and a second mounting block is provided below the first beam at a horizontal interval from the first mounting block; 3. The building structure according to claim 1, wherein the damper includes a cylinder having one end fixed to the first mounting block and the other end fixed to the second mounting block.   A first mounting member is provided on the second beam below the first beam, and a second mounting member is provided below the first beam at a distance upward from the first mounting member; The building structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the damper is made of a steel plate having a lower end portion fixed to the first mounting member and an upper end portion fixed to the second mounting member.

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