JP4952087B2 - Rolling bearing unit - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a rolling bearing unit, for example, a rolling bearing unit for detecting a load and a rotational speed acting on a wheel in an antilock brake system or a traction control system of an automobile.

  For example, an automobile wheel is rotatably supported by a double row angular rolling bearing unit with respect to a suspension device. Further, in order to ensure the running stability of automobiles, vehicle running stabilizers such as an antilock brake system (ABS), a traction control system (TCS), and a vehicle stability control system (VSC) are used. . In order to control such various vehicle running stabilizers, signals such as the rotational speed of the wheels and the acceleration in each direction applied to the vehicle body are required. In order to perform more advanced control, it is preferable to know the magnitude of a load (at least one of a radial load and an axial load) applied to the rolling bearing unit via the wheels (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3). .

  In the rolling bearing unit 100 with a load measuring device for measuring a radial load described in Patent Document 1, as shown in FIG. 10, a load measuring device 103 is arranged between the double row rolling bearings 101 and 102. The device 103 includes a non-contact type displacement sensor 105 provided on the outer ring 104 and a sensor ring 107 fitted on the hub 106 so as to face the detection surface of the sensor 105 in close proximity. When the outer ring 104 supported by the vehicle suspension device is pushed downward by the weight of the vehicle and the center of the outer ring 104 and the hub 106 supporting and fixing the wheel is displaced, the displacement sensor 105 and the sensor ring 107 are detected. And the distance is shortened. For this reason, the radial load applied to the rolling bearing unit 100 is detected from the detection signal of the displacement sensor 105, and is used for ABS control, notification of the loading status, and the like.

  Further, in the rolling bearing unit 100, the rotational speed of the hub 106 can also be detected. A magnetic encoder 108 for detecting the rotational speed is fitted and fixed to the inner ring 109, and a detection sensor 110 for detecting the rotational speed is covered on the outer ring 104. It is supported by the worn cover 111. For this reason, when the sensing sensor 110 senses the magnetic pulse generated by the magnetic encoder 108, the rotational speed of the wheel is detected and used for controlling ABS and TCS.

  In the rolling bearing unit 200 with a load measuring device for measuring an axial load described in Patent Document 2, as shown in FIG. 11, a knuckle 201 that is a suspension device and a suspension flange portion of an outer ring 202 that supports and fixes the knuckle 201. A plurality of load sensors 205 are attached around the respective bolts 204 to be coupled between both side surfaces of 203. For this reason, when an axial load is applied between the wheel 206 and the knuckle 201, the load sensor 205 detects the load acting from both side surfaces in the axial direction to obtain the axial load between the wheel 206 and the knuckle 201. Yes.

In the rolling bearing unit 300 with a load measuring device described in Patent Document 3, a load measuring device 303 is arranged between the double row rolling bearings 301 and 302 as shown in FIG. This load measuring device 303 is close to the pair of revolution speed detecting encoders 308 and 309 provided in the holders 306 and 307 of the double row rolling bearings 301 and 302 at the tip of the sensor unit 305 attached to the outer ring 304. A pair of opposing revolution speed detection sensors 310 and 311, and a magnetic speed encoder 313 that is externally fixed to the hub 312 and a rotational speed detection sensor 314 that is in close proximity to each other are provided. The radial load of the rolling bearing unit 300 is based on the sum of the revolution speeds of the rolling elements detected by the pair of revolution speed detection sensors 310 and 311 and the rotation speed of the hub 312 detected by the rotation speed detection sensor 314. Measured. The axial load is measured based on the difference between the revolution speeds of the rolling elements detected by the pair of revolution speed detection sensors 310 and 311 and the rotation speed of the hub 312 detected by the rotation speed detection sensor 314, or It is measured based on the ratio of the revolution speeds of the rolling elements detected by the pair of revolution speed detection sensors 310 and 311.
JP 2001-21577 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-209016 JP 2005-164253 A

  By the way, the non-contact type displacement sensor 105 used in Patent Document 1 is required to be highly accurate in order to detect a slight amount of displacement, and the load sensor 205 used in Patent Document 2 is the sensor itself. Is expensive. Therefore, any of the rolling bearing units 100, 200 with a load measuring device has a problem that the cost increases.

  On the other hand, the load measuring device 303 described in Patent Document 3 can measure the load acting on the wheels by the relatively inexpensive sensors 310, 311, 314, but the pair of cages 306, 307 and the hub 312 are magnetically coupled. It is necessary to arrange the encoders 308, 309, and 313, and the magnetic encoders 308, 309, and 313 for detecting the rotational speed are desired to be cheaper and have a good assembly property.

  In addition, an application in which the magnetic encoder of the load measuring device is used in combination with a sealing device is also desired. In this case, stable sealing performance and durability are required.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its object is to use a combination of the magnetic encoder and the sealing device, comprising a stable sealing property and durability, a low cost, the assembling property have good It is to provide a rolling bearing unit.

The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following constitution.
(1) An outer ring, an inner ring that rotates relative to the outer ring, and a rolling element that is interposed between the outer ring and the inner ring, and a bearing space between the outer ring and the inner ring in which the rolling element is disposed has an axial direction A rolling bearing unit sealed with sealing members on both sides thereof, a slinger fixed to the inner ring, a multi-pole magnetized magnetic encoder adhered to the slinger, and a shaft on the outer ring side facing the magnetic encoder. Two sensing sensors fixedly displaced in a direction, and the slinger includes a first cylindrical portion fixed to the inner ring, a flange portion extending in a radial direction from the first cylindrical portion, and a flange portion A folded portion that is folded back from the tip in the radial direction, and a second cylindrical portion that extends from the radially inner end of the folded portion to the opposite side of the first cylindrical portion, and the flange portion is the inner end of the folded portion It is formed into a stepped shape on the inner side in the radial direction, and the flange A seal lip of the seal member is slidably contacted with the part, and a magnetic encoder containing magnetic powder and at least one of thermoplastic resin and rubber is bonded to the outer peripheral surface of the second cylindrical part. A pattern in which N poles and S poles are alternately arranged at equal intervals in the direction, and when this pattern is displaced in the axial direction, the pattern at a position facing one sensor and the other sensor The magnetic encoder is magnetized in a pattern in which a phase difference occurs between the position pattern and the magnetic encoder. The magnetic encoder is bonded and fixed to the slinger by insert molding using a ring gate having a slinger provided with an adhesive as a core. Rolling bearing unit .

According to the rolling bearing unit of the present invention , since the magnetic encoder is fixed and integrated with the slinger by bonding, the structure is inexpensive and has good assemblability. In addition, the flange part of the slinger is formed in a stepped shape, and the stepped shape of the flange part can be reliably pressed by the upper and lower molds during molding, and the flatness of the sliding surface on which the seal lip slides Is improved, a stable sealing property can be secured, and durability is improved.

Further , when used as a load measuring device for measuring a load acting on a wheel, a load measuring device having good detection accuracy can be provided at a relatively low cost.

  Hereinafter, a sealing device with a magnetic encoder and a rolling bearing unit according to each embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  First, with reference to FIGS. 1-4, the rolling bearing unit which is 1st Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. As shown in FIG. 1, the rolling bearing unit 10 of the first embodiment is a hub unit for driving wheels, and a hub (rotating member) that supports a wheel (not shown) spline-coupled to the constant velocity joint 1. 11 is rotatably supported by the outer ring | wheel 12 fixed to the suspension apparatus via the balls 13 and 13 which are rolling elements.

  The hub 11 has a wheel flange portion 14 for fixing the wheel on the outer peripheral side on the outboard side (in the assembled state to the vehicle, in the width direction), and the male spline of the constant velocity joint 1 on the inner peripheral surface. A hollow hub wheel 16 having a female spline 15 to which the shaft 2 is fitted, and an inner ring 17 that is externally fitted to an end portion of the hub wheel 16 on the inboard side (the center side in the width direction when assembled to the vehicle) . The inner ring 17 is configured such that the nut 4 is fastened to the threaded portion 3 provided at the tip of the male spline shaft 2 and the hub wheel 16 and the constant velocity joint 1 are coupled to each other so that the outer member 5 of the constant velocity joint 1 is axially moved. It abuts against the end face and is fixed to the hub wheel 16.

  The outer ring 12 has a suspension flange portion 18 for fixing the knuckle 6 on the outer peripheral side on the outboard side, and double-row outer ring raceways 19 and 20 are formed on the inner peripheral surface thereof. Accordingly, the balls 13 and 13 as rolling elements are held by the cage 23 between the outer ring raceways 19 and 20 and the inner ring raceways 21 and 22 formed on the hub ring 16 and the inner ring 17 respectively. Several are arranged.

  A pair of sealing devices 24 and 25 for sealing the bearing space are disposed on both sides in the axial direction of the bearing space in which the double-row balls 13 and 13 are disposed. The sealing device 25 constitutes a sealing device with a magnetic encoder in which the magnetic encoder 26 is integrated.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the sealing device 25 with a magnetic encoder is fitted into the slinger 27 fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the inboard side end portion of the inner ring 17 and the inner peripheral surface of the inboard side end portion of the outer ring 12. And a magnetic encoder 26 that is fixed to the slinger 27 and generates a magnetic pulse.

  The slinger 27 is a first cylindrical portion 29 that can be fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the end portion on the inboard side of the inner ring 17, a flange portion 30 that extends from the first cylindrical portion 29 in the radial direction, and a flange portion 30 that is folded back in the radial direction. After that, it has a second cylindrical portion 31 that extends outward in the axial direction, is provided on the opposite side of the flange portion 30 from the first cylindrical portion 29, and to which the magnetic encoder 26 is fixed by adhesion.

  Further, the seal member 28 includes a cored bar 32 fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the end portion on the inboard side of the outer ring 12 and an elastic member 36 having a plurality of seal lip portions 33, 34, 35, and the seal lip portion 33. , 34 are in sliding contact with the first cylindrical portion 29 of the slinger 27, and the seal lip portion 35 is in sliding contact with the flange portion 30 of the slinger 27.

  The magnetic encoder 26 is formed by alternately and continuously magnetizing N and S poles in the circumferential direction, and magnetic pulses generated from the magnetic encoder 26 are generated at the inboard side end of the outer ring 12. Sensing is performed by a sensing sensor 37 fixed to the inner peripheral surface. Thereby, the rotational speed of the wheel is detected based on the sensing signal of the sensing sensor 37.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the flange portion 30 of the slinger 27 is formed in a stepped shape so as to be surely pressed by the upper and lower molds at the time of press molding, and the sliding surface on which the seal lip portion 35 comes into sliding contact. The flatness of 30a is good.

  As the magnet material of the magnet encoder 26, an anisotropic magnet compound containing 60 to 80% by volume of anisotropic magnetic powder and using a thermoplastic resin or rubber as a binder can be suitably used. As magnetic powder, ferrite such as strontium ferrite and barium ferrite, rare earth magnetic powder such as neodymium-iron-boron, samarium-cobalt, samarium-iron can be used, and lanthanum etc. to further improve the magnetic properties of ferrite The rare earth element may be mixed.

  When the content of the magnetic powder is less than 60% by volume, the magnetic properties are inferior, and it becomes difficult to perform multipolar magnetization in the circumferential direction at a fine pitch, which is not preferable. On the other hand, when the content of the magnetic powder exceeds 80% by volume, the resin hinder amount becomes too small, the strength of the entire magnet is lowered, and at the same time, molding becomes difficult and practicality is lowered.

  As the binder, an injection-moldable thermoplastic resin or rubber is suitable, and specific thermoplastic resins include polyamide 6, polyamide 12, polyamide 612, polyamide 11, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), and polyamide 12 A modified polyamide 12 or the like, which is a block copolymer having a segment and a soft segment composed of one of a polyester component and a polyether component, is suitable.

  In addition, since calcium chloride used as a snow melting agent in the encoder may be applied together with water, polyamide 12, polyamide 612, polyamide 11, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), and modified polyamide 12 having a low water absorption are used as a resin binder. It is more preferable to do this.

  Further, as a binder for preventing cracking due to a sudden temperature change (thermal shock) assumed in the use environment of the encoder, the modified polyamide 12 which can be bent and improved in resistance to cracking when added, or the polyamide and the polyamide 12 and a mixture are most suitable.

  On the other hand, the rubber material is preferably NBR (acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber), but is not limited thereto.

  The magnetic properties of the magnet material are close to the state of magnetic domain orientation (axial anisotropy) in the radial direction of the ring-shaped magnet, and the maximum energy product (BHmax) is 1.3 to 15 MGoe, more preferably 1.8. A range of ˜12 MGOe is achieved.

  When the maximum energy product is less than 1.3 MGOe, the magnetic properties are too low, so that it is necessary to dispose the sensor sensor 37 close to the sensor sensor 37 in order to detect the rotational speed. There is no big difference and performance improvement cannot be expected. On the other hand, hot water with a maximum energy product exceeding 15 MGOe has excessive magnetic properties and is not achievable with a relatively inexpensive ferrite-centered composition. A large amount of rare earth magnetic powder such as neodymium-iron-boron is required. Therefore, it is very expensive and has poor moldability.

  In addition, when rare earth is used as the magnetic powder, the oxidation resistance is lower than that of the ferrite, so that a surface treatment layer is further provided on the magnet surface in order to maintain stable magnetic properties over a long period of time. It may be provided. As the surface treatment layer, an electric or electroless nickel plating, an epoxy resin coating film, a silicon resin coating film, a fluororesin coating film, or the like can be specifically used.

  As the material of the slinger 27, ferritic stainless steel (SUS430, etc.), martensitic stainless steel (SUS410, etc.), etc., which does not deteriorate the magnetic properties of the magnet material and has a certain level or more of corrosion resistance depending on the usage environment. The magnetic material is most preferable. The surface of the stainless steel slinger is more preferably subjected to a roughening treatment (shot blasting or the like) in order to improve the bondability with the magnet material.

  The magnetic encoder 26 is injection-molded by pouring the molten binder contained in the magnetic powder into a mold and quenching and solidifying in the mold, but only the magnetic encoder 26 is ring-formed by injection molding. After being molded into a shape, it may be fixed to the slinger 27 by adhesion, or may be fixed (adhered) by insert molding with the slinger 27 as a core during injection molding.

  The adhesive for fixing the magnet encoder 26 to the slinger 27 after injection molding may be appropriately selected in consideration of heat resistance, chemical resistance, and handling properties. On the other hand, when the magnet encoder 26 is formed by insert molding using the slinger 27 as a core, the adhesive layer provided on the slinger 27 is detached from the surface of the slinger 27 by a high-pressure resin or rubber magnet material melted at the time of insert molding. It is preferable to use an adhesive that is in a semi-cured state to such an extent that it does not flow out and is completely cured by heat from the molten magnet material or secondary heating after molding.

  Usable adhesives can be diluted with solvents, and phenol resin adhesives, epoxy resin adhesives, etc., which progress in a nearly two-step curing reaction, have excellent heat resistance, chemical resistance, and handling properties. preferable. Further, depending on the use environment, the adhesive layer may be two layers.

The gate at the time of molding of the magnetic encoder 26 is not particularly limited, the mold has a simple structure when the re Ngugeto, since the amount of the material is also less preferred. The molten resin magnet material flows into the mold at a high pressure and is rapidly cooled and solidified in the mold. In the case of a rubber magnet material, the molten rubber magnet material flows into the mold and solidifies by a chemical reaction in the high temperature mold. In this case, the magnetic encoder 26 has a high orientation by performing the magnetic field molding described later, and is very close to the radial anisotropy oriented in the radial direction, and the magnetic characteristics are improved by multipolar magnetization. .

  Further, when magnetic field shaping is performed, the orientation of the magnetic powder becomes higher and it becomes very close to the radial anisotropy oriented in the radial direction. Magnetic field molding is a process of magnetizing with a magnetic field in one direction (with the same polarity) generated by applying a coil current to the coils at both ends of the mold in accordance with the injection of the molten material, and at the time of cooling in the mold Starting with a high initial coil current relative to the coil current during magnetization, the polarity is reversed alternately, and multiple pulse currents with gradually decreasing amplitudes are applied to the coils at both ends of the mold for demagnetization. And a magnetic process.

  As described above, according to the sealing device 25 with a magnetic encoder of the present embodiment, the magnetic encoder 26 is fixed and integrated with the slinger 27 by bonding, so that the structure is inexpensive and has good assemblability. The flange portion 30 is formed in a stepped shape, and the stepped shape of the flange portion 30 can be reliably pressed by the upper and lower molds at the time of molding, and the sliding surface 30a with which the seal lip 35 is slidably contacted is formed. The flatness becomes good, a stable sealing property can be secured, and the durability is improved.

  In addition, the magnetic encoder 26 of the present embodiment is a magnet having higher magnetic powder orientation and superior magnetic properties by performing magnetic field molding, and has been provided with anisotropy by mechanical orientation that has been used conventionally. Compared with a rubber magnet containing, the magnetic characteristics are excellent, and a highly accurate rotation speed can be detected. Further, the magnetic encoder 26 is highly oriented by the above-described magnetic field injection molding and becomes very close to the radial anisotropy oriented in the radial direction, and the magnetic characteristics are improved by multipolar magnetization.

  Next, a sealing device with a magnetic encoder and a rolling bearing unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Note that portions that overlap or correspond to those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted or simplified.

  In the sealing device 25 with a magnetic encoder according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the magnetic encoder 26 is continuously magnetized with N poles and S poles alternately arranged in an inverted V shape in the circumferential direction. 37 has two detectors 37A and 37B juxtaposed in the axial direction.

As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5C, when there is no displacement due to a load, there is no phase difference between the two pulses detected by the detectors 37A and 37B. On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 5B and 5D, when a displacement occurs due to a load, a phase difference occurs between the two pulses detected by the detectors 37A and 37B.
The pattern of the magnetic encoder 26 may be a shape that can detect the phase difference of the pulse when a displacement occurs, and may be an eight-letter shape or the like.

  Therefore, the sealing device 25 with the magnetic encoder configured as described above can measure the load (axial displacement) acting on the wheel as well as the rotational speed of the wheel, and can provide good detection accuracy (expansion of detection range and response). Can be provided at a relatively low cost.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, In the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention, it can change suitably.

  In the above embodiment, the magnetic encoder 26 is fixed over the entire circumference of the intermediate portion in the width direction of the second cylindrical portion 31 of the slinger 27. However, as in the modification shown in FIG. The fixing strength of the magnetic encoder 26 may be improved by bonding and fixing over the axial end surface of the flange portion 30 and the folded surface 30b of the flange portion 30. Further, the magnetized part may be only a part (width) that is minimum required for detection or the entire surface of the magnetic encoder.

  Further, the stepped shape formed in the flange portion 30 may be such that the sliding contact surface 30a is positioned axially inward (inboard side) from the remaining surface of the flange portion 30 as in the above embodiment, Alternatively, as in the modification shown in FIG. 7, the slidable contact surface 30a may be positioned axially outward (outboard side) from the remaining surface. That is, by forming the flange portion 30 into a stepped shape when the flange portion 30 is press-molded, the upper and lower dies can be reliably pressed and the flatness of the sliding contact surface 30a can be improved.

  The slinger has a first cylindrical portion that can be fixed to the rotating member, a flange portion that extends in a radial direction from the first cylindrical portion, and a flange portion that is provided on the opposite side of the first cylindrical portion. The encoder is not limited to the shape of the present embodiment as long as it has a second cylindrical portion fixed by adhesion.

  Here, the load detection range and the responsiveness were compared between the conventional rolling bearing unit with a load measuring device described in Patent Document 3 and the rolling bearing unit with a load measuring device of the present invention.

  As a result, as shown in FIG. 8, when the load detection range of the conventional example is 1, the load detection range of the present invention is 1.5 times or more. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, when the response delay of the conventional example is 1, the response delay of the present invention is 1/2 or less (that is, a response speed of 2 times or more). Therefore, it can be seen that the bearing unit of the present invention is improved in load detection accuracy.

It is sectional drawing for demonstrating the rolling bearing unit which is 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is principal part sectional drawing for demonstrating the sealing device with a magnetic encoder shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating the shape of a slinger. It is principal part sectional drawing for demonstrating the sealing device with a magnetic encoder which is 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the method in which the sensor of FIG. 4 detects the presence or absence of a load. It is principal part sectional drawing for demonstrating the sealing device with a magnetic encoder of the modification of this invention. It is principal part sectional drawing for demonstrating the sealing device with a magnetic encoder of the other modification of this invention. It is the graph which compared the load detection range of this invention and a prior art example. It is the graph which compared the response delay of this invention and a prior art example. It is sectional drawing which shows the conventional rolling bearing unit with a load measuring apparatus. It is sectional drawing which shows the other conventional rolling bearing unit with a load measuring device. It is sectional drawing which shows the rolling bearing unit with another load apparatus of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

10 Rolling bearing unit 11 Hub (rotating member)
12 outer ring 13 ball (rolling element)
14 Wheel flange portion 16 Hub wheel 17 Inner ring 25 Sealing device with magnetic encoder 26 Magnetic encoder 27 Slinger 29 First cylindrical portion 30 Flange portion 31 Second cylindrical portion

Claims (1)

An outer ring, an inner ring that rotates relative to the outer ring, and a rolling element that is interposed between the outer ring and the inner ring, and a bearing space between the outer ring and the inner ring in which the rolling element is disposed has a shaft A rolling bearing unit sealed with sealing members on both sides in the direction,
A slinger fixed to the inner ring;
A multi-pole magnetized magnetic encoder bonded to the slinger;
Two sensing sensors fixed to the outer ring side facing the magnetic encoder and shifted in the axial direction;
Have
The slinger includes a first cylindrical part fixed to the inner ring, a flange part extending in a radial direction from the first cylindrical part, a folded part folded in a radial direction from a tip of the flange part, and the folded part A second cylindrical portion extending from the radially inner end of the portion to the opposite side of the first cylindrical portion;
With
The flange portion is formed in a stepped shape radially inward from the inner end of the folded portion , and a seal lip of the seal member is slidably contacted with the flange portion,
The magnetic encoder containing magnetic powder and at least one of thermoplastic resin and rubber is bonded to the outer peripheral surface of the second cylindrical portion,
The magnetic encoder is a pattern in which N poles and S poles are alternately arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and a pattern at a position facing one of the sensing sensors when the pattern is displaced in the axial direction. Is magnetized in a pattern in which a phase difference occurs between the pattern and a pattern at a position facing the other sensing sensor ,
The rolling bearing unit , wherein the magnetic encoder is bonded and fixed to the slinger by insert molding using a ring gate having the slinger provided with an adhesive as a core .

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