JP4941601B2 - Seismic isolation device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a seismic isolation device composed of a laminate used to protect a building structure and a civil engineering structure from an earthquake, and has an effective seismic isolation effect for a wide range of earthquakes from small earthquakes to large earthquakes. It relates to seismic isolation devices that can be obtained.

  A laminated rubber in which an elastic layer made of rubber or the like and a rigid layer made of steel plate or the like are alternately laminated, and lead that is a plastic deformation member disposed in a hollow portion defined by the inner peripheral surface of the laminated rubber The lead-containing seismic isolation device is known.

  For such a seismic isolation device, the seismic isolation device that has been designed to assume a large-scale earthquake from the viewpoint of preventing the safety of human life and the collapse of structures has been made. It is effective for large-scale earthquakes.

  Therefore, such a seismic isolation device used for a building structure or a civil engineering structure will exhibit a specified performance in a large-scale earthquake, but it is suitable for a large-scale earthquake in a small-scale earthquake with a high percentage of earthquake occurrence. The set high yield point of lead cannot provide sufficient seismic isolation effect, and the seismic vibration cannot be sufficiently reduced and transmitted to the building structure or civil engineering structure. For small and medium-sized earthquakes, it will be supported in a state where there is not much difference from the state where seismic isolation devices are not installed. In contrast, seismic isolation devices designed for medium and small-scale earthquakes are not safe at the time of large-scale earthquakes. In the past, seismic isolation design assuming a large-scale earthquake has become common sense as unavoidable.

Japanese Patent No. 2883219 JP 2003-21193 A

  As means for solving such a trade-off problem, Patent Documents 1 and 2 propose a technique for changing the cross-sectional area of a plastic deformation member such as lead.

  In Patent Document 1, the diameter of the lead body, which is an energy absorbing part arranged in the load support portion, is changed between the middle portion and the upper and lower end portions in the height direction of the load support portion, and the upper and lower end portions of the lead body are changed. A seismic isolation support device is described in which a viscoelastic body is arranged on the outer periphery to generate a seismic isolation effect in a wide range from small to large-scale earthquakes.

  However, the seismic isolation support device described in Patent Document 1 is time-consuming in terms of production such as assembly for arranging viscoelastic bodies on the outer periphery of the upper and lower ends of the lead body and manufacturing of the lead body with a step. There's a problem.

  Patent Document 2 discloses that a lead core built in a laminated rubber has a central position in the height direction as a minimum area, both upper and lower ends are set as a maximum area, and a middle portion is continuously changed from a small to large-scale earthquake. A seismic isolation device is described that produces seismic isolation effects in a wide range up to a large-scale earthquake.

  However, even in the seismic isolation device described in Patent Document 2, a laminated rubber in which the lead core built-in hole diameter is continuously changed in the height direction is molded, or a lead body whose diameter is continuously changed is manufactured. However, it has a problem that it takes time and effort to increase the cost.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and the object of the present invention is not only for large-scale earthquakes, but also for small and medium-scale earthquakes. In addition to providing effective seismic isolation support, the present invention is to provide a seismic isolation device that can be manufactured easily and inexpensively.

  The seismic isolation device of the present invention includes a laminate in which elastic material layers and rigid material layers are alternately laminated and elastically shearable in a shear direction perpendicular to the laminate direction, and an inner peripheral surface of the laminate. A columnar vibration energy absorber disposed in the prescribed columnar hollow portion and deformable in the shearing direction and absorbing vibration energy in the shearing direction applied by the deformation in the shearing direction, and The vibration energy absorber extends in the stacking direction with the same cross-sectional shape in the stacking direction and has a different yield point in the stacking direction. Further, they are formed with different plastic metal materials in the stacking direction.

  According to such a seismic isolation device of the present invention, the vibration energy absorber is formed of different plastic metal materials in the stacking direction so that the yield point is different in the stacking direction. Vibration energy can be absorbed by shear deformation of the vibration energy absorber at a low part of the vibration, while in a large-scale earthquake, the shear of the vibration energy absorber at a part with a high yield point in addition to a part with a low yield point As a result of being able to absorb vibration energy by deformation, it is possible to effectively support a building structure or civil engineering structure not only for large-scale earthquakes but also for small and medium-sized earthquakes. In addition, the vibration energy absorber extends in the laminating direction with the same cross-sectional shape in the laminating direction in the laminating direction, and is disposed in a columnar hollow defined by the inner peripheral surface of the laminated body. Because the laminate is of course the vibrational energy absorbing body can be easily performed that the mounting of the vibration energy absorbing material into the hollow portion of the laminate together can be easily manufactured result, easy, inexpensive to manufacture.

  The vibration energy absorber of the present invention may be formed with a different plastic metal material in the stacking direction so that the yield point changes continuously or discontinuously in the stacking direction, and further, the yield point in the stacking direction. May be formed with different plastic metal materials in the stacking direction so as to be symmetric with respect to the center in the stacking direction, i.e., about a half height of the stack.

  The vibration energy absorber is preferably made of a plastic metal material containing lead, tin, or an alloy thereof, but may be made of other plastic metal materials. Lead, which is a plastic metal material, usually has a lower yield point than tin, which is also a plastic metal material, and an alloy of lead and tin, which is a plastic metal material, has a yield point corresponding to its component ratio. It is preferable to use such a plastic metal material for a vibration energy absorber as a different plastic metal material mainly with respect to the yield point.

  When forming a vibration energy absorber with different plastic metal materials in the stacking direction so as to discontinuously change the yield point in the stacking direction, the joint surfaces of different plastic metal materials may be pressure-bonded, pressure-bonded or bonded, Moreover, it may replace with these or with these, and uneven | corrugated fitting may be sufficient, and also a joining surface may be alloyed.

  In the present invention, a plastic metal material having a high yield point is disposed at the center in the stacking direction, and a plastic metal material having a low yield point is disposed at both ends of the center in the stacking direction across the center in the stacking direction. It may be a vibration energy absorber formed or vice versa, and may have a high yield point from the center in the stacking direction to one end in the stacking direction. Alternatively, it may be a vibration energy absorber formed by disposing a low plastic metal material with a low or high yield point from the center in the stacking direction to the other end in the stacking direction. The yield point is continuous and monotonically changing from one end of the stack to the other end, or the yield point is continuous and monotonically increasing or decreasing from one end to the center in the stacking direction. Other from the center of direction Until such yield point is monotonously lower or higher be continuous may be a vibration energy absorber each component ratio is formed by plastic metal material made of an alloy that has changed correspondingly.

  In the case of a small-scale earthquake, the present invention is constructed by plastic deformation of a vibration energy absorber in a portion formed with a plastic metal material having a low yield point except for a portion formed with a plastic metal material having a high yield point. Prevents transmission of medium- and small-scale earthquakes to structures or civil engineering structures and absorbs vibration energy of small and medium-scale earthquakes to obtain seismic isolation effects according to small and medium-scale earthquakes. In addition to plastic deformation at a site formed with a plastic metal material with a low yield point, a building structure or civil engineering structure with plastic deformation of a vibration energy absorber at a site formed with a plastic metal material with a high yield point The transmission of large-scale earthquakes is prevented, and the vibration energy of large-scale earthquakes is absorbed to obtain a seismic isolation effect corresponding to large-scale earthquakes.

  According to the present invention, a building structure or a civil engineering structure can be effectively isolated and supported not only for a large-scale earthquake but also for a small-scale earthquake, and can be manufactured easily and inexpensively. Seismic isolation devices can be provided.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an operation explanatory diagram of the example shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory diagram of the example shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of another example of the joining surface of the example shown in FIG.

  Next, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited to these Examples.

  In FIG. 1, a seismic isolation device 1 configured to support a load B in the stacking direction A, which is the vertical direction, is a rigid material made of an elastic material layer 2 made of natural rubber or a highly damped rubber having damping characteristics, and a steel plate. Cylindrical or quadrangular columnar laminates 4 in which the layers 3 are alternately laminated and elastically shearable in a shearing direction C that is a horizontal direction orthogonal to the lamination direction A, and an inner peripheral surface 5 of the laminate 4 A cylindrical vibration energy absorber 7 that is arranged in the cylindrical hollow portion 6 defined in the above and is deformable in the shear direction C and absorbs vibration energy in the shear direction C applied by deformation in the shear direction C. The upper mounting plate 10 and the lower mounting plate 11 fixed to the upper surface 8 and the lower surface 9 which are one end surface and the other end surface of the stacked body 4 with a bolt or the like, and the uppermost portion of the rigid material layer 3. Circular concave of thick steel plate 12 13 and the disc-shaped shear key 15 fitted in the circular recess 14 of the upper mounting plate 10, and the circular recess 17 and lower of the bottom thick steel plate 16 of the rigid material layer 3. And a disk-shaped shear key 19 fitted in a circular recess 18 of the mounting plate 11.

  In addition to the thick steel plates 12 and 16, the rigid material layer 3 is arranged between the thick steel plates 12 and 16 and has a plurality of thin steel plates that are thinner than the thick steel plates 12 and 16. 31, and the elastic material layer 2 is disposed between the thick steel plates 12 and 16 and is vulcanized to each of the thick steel plates 12 and 16 and the thin steel plate 31 of the rigid material layer 3. A plurality of bonded rubber plates 32 are provided.

  In addition to the elastic material layer 2 and the rigid material layer 3, the laminate 4 is vulcanized and bonded to the outer peripheral surface of the rigid material layer 3 and has a cylindrical or square cylindrical covering integrated with the elastic material layer 2. A layer 35 is further included.

  The vibration energy absorber 7 includes a cylindrical central portion 41 made of tin, a cylindrical upper portion 42 and a lower portion 43 made of lead, with the central portion 41 sandwiched in the stacking direction A. In the stacking direction A, the cross-sectional shape is the same in the shear direction C, and in this example, the cross-sectional circle shape has the same diameter r in the stacking direction A and extends straight in the stacking direction A. In the cylindrical central portion 41 made of tin, the yield point in the shearing direction C is larger than the cylindrical upper portion 42 and lower portion 43 made of lead, and conversely, the cylindrical upper portion 42 and lower portion 43 made of lead. In each of the above, the yield point in the shear direction C is smaller than the cylindrical central portion 41 made of tin, and thus the vibration energy absorber 7 has a center in which the yield point in the shear direction C is a part in the stacking direction A. It is made of different plastic metal materials with respect to the yield point, i.e. tin and lead, so as to vary discontinuously in the part 41 and in the upper part 42 and the lower part 43, and in the laminating direction, it yields in its shear direction C It is made of tin and lead which are different plastic metal materials with respect to the yield point so that the point is symmetric with respect to the center in the stacking direction A.

  The seismic isolation device 1 is fixed to a structure 51 such as a building structure or a civil engineering structure on the upper mounting plate 10 so as to support the load B in the stacking direction A from the structure 51, while being mounted on the lower side. The plate 11 is fixed to the foundation 52 and installed between the structure 51 and the foundation 52.

  When a relatively small vibration in the shearing direction C, which is the horizontal direction, is applied to such a seismic isolation device 1 by a small-scale earthquake, the upper portion 42 made of lead and the yielding point in the shearing direction C of the lower portion 43 are the central portion 41 made of tin. 2 is lower than the yield point in the shear direction C of the laminate 4, in addition to the elastic shear deformation of the laminate 4 in the shear direction C, lead due to the elastic shear deformation of the laminate 4 as shown in FIG. The upper part 42 and the lower part 43 are shear-deformed in the shearing direction C, and energy is absorbed by the lead in the upper part 42 and the lower part 43. The transmission to the structure 51 is blocked, and the vibration in the shear direction C of the structure 51 is effectively damped to provide a seismic isolation effect.

  When a larger horizontal vibration is applied to the seismic isolation device 1 due to a large-scale earthquake, in addition to the elastic shear deformation of the laminate 4 in the shear direction C, the elastic shear deformation of the laminate 4 3, in addition to the shear deformation in the shearing direction C of the upper part 42 and the lower part 43 made of lead, the central part 41 made of tin is sheared in the shearing direction C, and is caused by the lead in the upper part 42 and the lower part 43. Energy absorption and energy absorption by tin in the central portion 41 are performed. Thus, the seismic isolation device 1 prevents transmission of the vibration to the structure 51 even in a large-scale earthquake and shears the structure 51. The vibration in the direction C is effectively attenuated to provide a seismic isolation effect.

  According to the seismic isolation device 1, the vibration energy absorber 7 has an upper portion 42 and a lower portion 43 in the stacking direction A so that the yield points in the shear direction C are different between the upper portion 42 and the lower portion 43 in the stacking direction A and the central portion 41. And the central portion 41 are formed of lead and tin, which are different plastic metal materials with respect to the yield point, so that the vibration energy absorber 7 can be used for the upper and lower portions 42 and 43 having a lower yield point in a small-scale earthquake. On the other hand, in the case of a large-scale earthquake, in addition to the upper 42 and lower 43 parts having a low yield point, the central part 41 having a high yield point can be sheared and deformed. The structure 51 can be effectively isolated and supported not only for earthquakes but also for small and medium-sized earthquakes. Moreover, the vibration energy absorber 7 has the same diameter r in the stacking direction A. The laminated body 4 naturally absorbs vibration energy because it has a circular cross section and extends straight in the laminating direction A and is disposed in the cylindrical hollow portion 6 defined by the inner peripheral surface 5 of the laminated body 4. The body 7 can be easily manufactured, and the vibration energy absorber 7 can be easily attached to the hollow portion 6 of the laminated body 4. As a result, the body 7 can be manufactured easily and inexpensively.

  In the seismic isolation device 1, the joining surface 55 between the upper part 42 and the lower part 43 and the central part 41 may be any one of crimping, pressure welding, and adhesion. In addition, as shown in FIG. Further, when the upper part 42, the lower part 43 and the central part 41 are made of a plastic metal material as in this example, the joining surface 55 may be alloyed.

  In the above, the central portion 41 is made of a plastic metal material made of tin, and the upper portion 42 and the lower portion 43 are made of a plastic metal material made of lead. Instead, the central portion 41 is made of a plastic metal material made of lead, The upper part 42 and the lower part 43 may be formed of a plastic metal material made of tin, respectively, and the yield point of the vibration energy absorber 7 is instead of being divided into three in the stacking direction A like the central part 41, the upper part 42 and the lower part 43. The vibration energy absorber 7 may be formed to be discontinuously different in the stacking direction A with respect to the yield point in the shearing direction C as described above. You may form with a different plastic metal material regarding a yield point so that the yield point in the shear direction C may change continuously in the lamination direction A. FIG.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Seismic isolation device 2 Elastic material layer 3 Rigid material layer 4 Laminated body 5 Inner peripheral surface 6 Hollow part 7 Vibration energy absorber

Claims (3)

An elastic material layer and a rigid material layer are alternately laminated and elastically shear-deformable in a shearing direction orthogonal to the laminating direction, and a columnar hollow portion defined by the inner peripheral surface of the laminated body the vibration energy of the shear direction applied to a deformable shear direction together are arranged and provided with a columnar vibration energy absorbing body that absorbs the deformation of the shear direction, the vibration energy absorbing material is plastic metal A cylindrical central portion made of material, and a cylindrical shape made of lead as a plastic metal material that has a yield point different from the yield point of the plastic metal material in the central portion, with the central portion sandwiched in the stacking direction of which the upper and comprising a lower, extend in the laminating direction with the same shear direction cross section in the stacking direction, s respectively between the central portion and the upper and lower, unevenness mating or coupling Reduction has been being bonded, vibration isolating apparatus which is adapted to support the load of the stacking direction. 2. The seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration energy absorber is formed of different plastic metal materials in the stacking direction so that the yield point is symmetrical with respect to the center of the stacking direction in the stacking direction. 3. The seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein a cylindrical central portion of the vibration energy absorber is made of a plastic metal material containing tin or an alloy thereof.

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