JP4938404B2 - Engine control device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an engine control device.

  In recent years, a lean burn engine that burns in a state where the fuel is thinner than the theoretical air-fuel ratio, which is considered to be the most efficient, has been put into practical use. Lean burn engines are widely adopted because they can reduce fuel consumption and NOx emissions. In such a lean burn engine, the lean operation and the stoichiometric operation are switched according to the operation state. Various proposals relating to such switching between lean operation and stoichiometric operation have been made. For example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2. In the engine air intake device disclosed in Patent Document 1, if a misfire occurs when the lean air-fuel ratio control is being performed, a lean burn operation cannot be performed. Therefore, misfire is detected, and the number of misfires detected exceeds a predetermined value. In such a case, the lean air-fuel ratio control is stopped and switched to the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio control. Here, whether or not misfire has occurred is determined by detecting a change in the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas using a lean sensor. In Patent Document 2, a lean air-fuel ratio control for controlling the air-fuel ratio of the internal combustion engine to an air-fuel ratio higher than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio and a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio control for controlling the air-fuel ratio to a substantially stoichiometric air-fuel ratio are switched based on at least the throttle opening. Therefore, when the misfire determination region in the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio control is set, the lean misfire determination region in the lean air-fuel ratio control is set based on the misfire determination region, and the lean air-fuel ratio control is executed, the operation state is lean. A method is disclosed in which the transition to the misfire determination region is detected, and switching to the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio control is performed when the transition is detected. The intake pipe pressure is referred to for the misfire determination.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-103438 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-176565

  However, in the engine intake device described in Patent Document 1, whether or not misfire has occurred is grasped from the change in the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas, and misfire has already occurred. For this reason, the deterioration of dribabil was a problem. Further, in the method described in Patent Document 2, the intake pipe pressure is referred to in the misfire determination, and it is not directly determined whether or not the ignition by the discharge spark has been performed.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an engine control device that can accurately predict the occurrence of misfire and switch between lean operation and stoichiometric operation based on the prediction.

In order to solve such a problem, the engine control device of the present invention includes a discharge time measuring means for measuring a discharge time of a spark plug to which a voltage is applied during the combustion stroke of the engine, and an ignition plug measured by the discharge time measuring means. Operation control means for switching between lean operation and stoichiometric operation of the engine in accordance with the ignition discharge time . During lean operation, the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder is difficult to ignite, so the discharge time is adjusted to be longer. However, there may be a situation in which the discharge time is not ensured due to the influence of the deterioration of the spark plug. Therefore, when the ignition system including the ignition plug is in a situation where the discharge spark suitable for the lean operation cannot be generated and the lean operation is being performed, the ignition system is switched to the stoichiometric operation. As a result, misfire can be avoided and stable dribbling can be ensured.

Here, the discharge time measuring means may be configured to calculate the ignition discharge time based on an ignition current value at the time of discharging the ignition plug . At this time, in order to realize stable control, the operation control means can be configured to count the time when the ignition current value exceeds the current threshold as the ignition discharge time . Further, the operation control means performs lean operation when the ignition discharge time is longer than a time threshold that changes according to the engine speed, and switches to stoichiometric operation when the ignition discharge time is shorter than the time threshold.

Further, in such an engine control device, the operation control means can refer to engine speed information and engine load information when switching between lean operation and stoichiometric operation . The purpose is to refer to conditions other than the ignition system when performing lean operation.

Further, in such an engine control device, the operation control means can perform hunting avoidance control when switching between lean operation and stoichiometric operation in order to realize stable drivability.

  According to the present invention, it is determined whether or not the ignition discharge time by the spark plug is continued for the time required for the lean operation, and when the ignition discharge time has not reached the required discharge time, the operation is immediately switched to the stoichiometric operation. Therefore, the occurrence of misfire can be avoided and stable dribbling can be realized. As a result, it is possible to improve fuel consumption and emissions.

  Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an engine 2 equipped with an engine control device 1 of the present invention. The engine 2 is a lean burn engine that enables combustion under lean conditions. The operating state of the engine 2 is switched between lean operation and stoichiometric operation according to various conditions.

  An intake passage 4 is connected to the cylinder head 3 of the engine 2. An intake port 5 is formed on the downstream side of the intake passage 4 and an intake valve 6 is disposed. A throttle valve 7 is disposed on the upstream side of the intake passage 4. The throttle opening TA of the throttle valve 7 is adjusted by a current controlled by an ECU (Electronic Control Unit) 30 in accordance with the accelerator opening from an accelerator opening sensor 51 that detects the depression amount of the accelerator pedal 50. The throttle opening is detected by a throttle opening sensor 8. The ECU 30 calculates the engine load based on the throttle opening. An injector 9 that injects fuel toward the intake port 5 is mounted downstream of the throttle valve 7. The air sucked through the throttle valve 7 is mixed with the fuel injected from the injector 9 and supplied into the combustion chamber 10 through the intake port 5 when the intake valve 6 is opened.

  A spark plug 11 is disposed at the top of the cylinder head 3 of the engine 2 so that the tip side faces the combustion chamber 10. The spark plug 11 generates a discharge spark generated in the gap between the center electrode 11a and the ground electrode 11b, and ignites the air-fuel mixture.

  On the other hand, an exhaust passage 12 is connected to the cylinder head 3 of the engine 2. An exhaust port 13 is formed in the exhaust passage 12, and an exhaust valve 14 is further provided. The exhaust gas burned in the combustion chamber 10 is discharged to the exhaust passage 12 side through the exhaust port 13 when the exhaust valve 14 is opened.

  One end of the secondary winding 15 b of the ignition coil 15 is connected to the center electrode of the spark plug 11. One end of the primary winding 15 a of the ignition coil 15 is connected to a 12-volt battery 16. The other end of the primary winding 15 a of the ignition coil 15 is connected to the collector side of the power transistor 17. During operation of the engine 2, the power transistor 17 is turned on / off based on an ignition signal (pulse signal) IGt output from the ECU 30 to the base side of the power transistor 17, so that the primary winding of the ignition coil 15 from the battery 16 is performed. The primary current I1 flowing through the line 15a is turned on and off. When the ignition signal IGt falls, the power transistor 17 is turned off, and the primary current I1 flowing through the primary winding 15a of the ignition coil 15 is cut off, the back electromotive force corresponding to the primary current I1 is primary. Occurs on the side. The secondary current I2 flows to the secondary winding 15b side of the ignition coil 15 by being induced by the counter electromotive force. A high secondary voltage that is a multiple of the turns ratio of the primary winding 15a and the secondary winding 15b of the ignition coil 15 generated by the secondary current I2 is applied to the spark plug 11. Thereby, a discharge spark is generated between the center electrode and the installation electrode.

  Between the spark plug 11 and the ignition coil 15, an ammeter 18 for measuring an ignition current value when the spark plug 11 is discharged is disposed.

  The ECU 30 is a logical operation including a CPU 31, a ROM 32 storing a control program and various maps for control, a RAM 33 storing various data, a B / U (backup) RAM 34, an input / output circuit 35, a bus line 36 connecting them, and the like. It is configured as a circuit. The ECU 30 includes an accelerator opening from the accelerator opening sensor 51, a throttle opening from the throttle opening sensor 8, a crank angle from a crank angle sensor 20 installed on the crankshaft 19 of the engine 2, and a camshaft (not shown). Various sensor signals such as the cam angle from the cam angle sensor 21 installed in the engine and the engine speed from the engine speed sensor 22 are input. Furthermore, a current value at the time of discharging the spark plug 11 is input from the ammeter 18. Further, the ECU 30 includes a timer device corresponding to the discharge time measuring means in the present invention for measuring the ignition discharge time of the spark plug 11. Such an ECU 30 fulfills the function of the operation control means in the present invention.

  Next, the operation of the ignition control device 1 configured as described above will be described based on the flowchart shown in FIG. First, in step S1, the ECU 30 determines whether or not the operating state of the engine 2 is within a lean combustion region in which lean operation is possible. The determination as to whether or not the vehicle is in the lean combustion region is made based on the lean operation determination map shown in FIG. The lean operation determination map is stored in the ROM 32. In the lean operation determination map, a lean combustion region defined by the engine speed and the engine load is set. The ECU 30 determines whether or not the engine operating state is in the lean combustion region from the engine load calculated based on the engine speed and the accelerator opening obtained from the engine speed sensor 22.

  When it is determined No in step S1, that is, when the operation state is not in the lean combustion region and is not suitable for the lean operation, the process proceeds to step S2, and a normal stoichiometric operation is performed.

On the other hand, if Yes is determined in step S1, the process proceeds to step S3. In step S3, the ignition discharge time T _A by the spark plug 11 is longer determines whether than a predefined time threshold. This time threshold is varied in accordance with the engine speed, ECU 30 has an ignition discharge time T _A map as shown in FIG. 4 in the ROM 32. Here, with reference to FIG. 5, the following explains the definition of the ignition discharge time T _A. When the ignition signal IGt falls based on a command from the ECU 30 and the power transistor 17 is turned off, the secondary current I2 flows through the spark plug 11, and a waveform as shown in FIG. 5 is observed. Such timer device in ECU30 to waveform measures time that exceeds the predetermined current threshold as the ignition discharge time T _A. The time threshold is set so that stable ignition and combustion can be realized under lean operation conditions. As shown in FIG. 6, there is a relationship between the ignition discharge time and the stable combustion frequency because, as the ignition discharge time is increased, the ignitability of the air-fuel mixture is improved and stable combustion can be ensured. A time threshold considering the relationship is set. That is, a value that can clear the necessary discharge time shown in FIG. 6 is set as the time threshold.

The time threshold value calculated based on the above policy is drawn as a boundary line N1 on the ignition discharge time map shown in FIG. In step S3, ECU 30, the ignition discharge time T _A measured is determines whether or not the region above the boundary line N1. However, the ignition discharge time T _A to be compared with the boundary line N1 uses an average value of 1000 times of ignition discharge. This is performed as hunting avoidance control. That is, it is judged whether the ignition discharge time T _A exceeds the boundaries N1 for every ignition discharge, and if you try to control based on this, since there is a possibility that hunting occurs, to avoid this This is to secure a stable dribbling.

Thus when the ignition discharge time T _A of the average value is in the region above the boundary line N1 can secure the ignition discharge time which can be ignited air-fuel mixture stably even under lean conditions Therefore, the ECU 30 determines Yes in step S3 and proceeds to step S4. In step S4, the ECU 30 performs various controls for causing the engine 2 to perform a lean operation. On the other hand, when it is determined No in step S3, the process proceeds to step S2, and the stoichiometric operation is performed.

  The control described above is repeatedly performed while the engine 2 is started. According to the engine control apparatus 1 of the present invention, when the ignition discharge time due to the spark plug 11 cannot maintain the ignition discharge time required for lean operation due to deterioration over time, that is, misfire is predicted. When it is necessary to switch to stoichiometric operation, the occurrence of misfire can be avoided and stable drivability can be realized.

The above-described embodiments are merely examples for carrying out the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Various modifications of these embodiments are within the scope of the present invention. It is apparent from the above description that various other embodiments are possible within the scope. For example, as Hanchigu avoidance control, wherein in the spark discharge time T _A Example, an average value of 1000 times of ignition discharge, which, although as compared with the boundary line N1 indicating the time threshold, in FIG. 7 it is also possible to control using the ignition discharge time T _a map shown. Ignition discharge time T _A map shown in Figure 7, the boundary line N2 indicating the time threshold used when switching from stoichiometric operation to the lean operation, a border N3 indicating the time threshold used when switching from lean operation to the stoichiometric operation Is set. By setting the hysteresis in this way, hunting can be avoided. In this case, the discharge per ignition discharge time T _A and the boundary line N2 or boundary line N1 are compared. Furthermore, the ignition discharge time T _A is measured the frequency below a time threshold as the other hunting controlled by the control based on this frequency may be a Hanchigu avoided.

It is a schematic block diagram of the engine by which an ignition control apparatus is mounted. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the control of a present Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of a lean driving | operation determination map. It is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an ignition discharge time T _A map. It is an explanatory view of an ignition discharge time T _A. It is a figure which shows the relationship between ignition discharge time and stable combustion frequency. It is an explanatory view showing another ignition discharge time T _A map.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Engine control apparatus 2 Engine 3 Cylinder head 4 Intake passage 5 Intake port 6 Intake valve 7 Throttle valve 8 Accelerator opening sensor 9 Injector 10 Combustion chamber 11 Spark plug 12 Exhaust passage 13 Exhaust port 14 Exhaust valve 15 Ignition coil 15a Primary winding Wire 15b Secondary winding 16 Battery 17 Power transistor 18 Ammeter 19 Crankshaft 20 Crank angle sensor 21 Cam angle sensor 22 Engine speed sensor 30 ECU
51 Accelerator position sensor

Claims (4)

A discharge time measuring means for measuring a discharge time of a spark plug to which a voltage is applied during an engine combustion stroke;
Operation control means for switching between lean operation and stoichiometric operation of the engine according to the ignition discharge time of the spark plug measured by the discharge time measuring means;
With
The discharge time measuring means counts the time when the ignition current value at the time of discharging the spark plug exceeds a current threshold as the ignition discharge time,
The operation control means performs lean operation when the ignition discharge time is longer than a time threshold that changes according to the engine speed, and switches to stoichiometric operation when the ignition discharge time is shorter than the time threshold. Engine control device. The engine control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the time threshold value decreases as the engine speed increases. The engine control device according to claim 1 or 2,
The engine control device, wherein the operation control means refers to engine speed information and engine load information when switching between lean operation and stoichiometric operation. The engine control device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The engine control apparatus, wherein the operation control means performs hunting avoidance control when switching between lean operation and stoichiometric operation.

Images