JP4927996B2 - 一定少量の試料を均一に導入可能な試料導入チャンネルを具備した電気化学的バイオセンサ - Google Patents
一定少量の試料を均一に導入可能な試料導入チャンネルを具備した電気化学的バイオセンサ Download PDFInfo
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- JP4927996B2 JP4927996B2 JP2010531957A JP2010531957A JP4927996B2 JP 4927996 B2 JP4927996 B2 JP 4927996B2 JP 2010531957 A JP2010531957 A JP 2010531957A JP 2010531957 A JP2010531957 A JP 2010531957A JP 4927996 B2 JP4927996 B2 JP 4927996B2
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Description
市販のバイオセンサの多くは、電気化学的技術を用いて血液試料から血糖量を測定している。その原理を下記のスキーム1に示す。
グルコース+GOx−FAD→グルコン酸+GOx−FADH2
GOx−FADH2+Mox→GOx−FAD+Mred
前記スキーム1で、GOxは、グルコースオキシダーゼを示し、GOx−FAD及びGOx−FADH2は、グルコースオキシダーゼの触媒作用に必要な補因子であるグルコースに関連するフラビンアデニンジヌクレオチド(FAD)の酸化状態及び還元状態をそれぞれ示し、Mox及びMredは、それぞれ酸化状態、還元状態の電子移動メディエータを示す。
血中のグルコースは、グルコースオキシダーゼの触媒作用によって、グルコン酸に酸化される。ここで、グルコースオキシダーゼの補因子であるFADが還元されてFADH2になる。還元された補因子であるFADH2は、電子をメディエータに移動させ、FADH2は、その酸化状態、すなわち、FADに酸化され、メディエータは還元される。還元状態の電子移動メディエータは、電極表面まで拡散する。一連の反応サイクルを、作用電極表面に印加されるアノード電位により駆動し、血糖値に比例する酸化還元電流を測定する。電気化学的バイオセンサは、従来の比色法によるバイオセンサとは異なり、酸素による影響を減らすことができ、試料が混濁していても試料の前処理が不要であり、広範囲の試料の使用が可能であるという利点を有する。
図1及び図2は、本発明の一実施形態によるバイオセンサ試料導入チャンネルを示したもので、図1は前記試料導入チャンネルの分解斜視図、図2は図1の分解された基板を結合した試料導入チャンネルの斜視図を示す。
本発明によるバイオセンサの試料導入チャンネル100は、大きく分けて試料導入チャンネル入口101、試料導入通路部102、及び通気部103で構成される。
前記試料捕集バリア501は、試料導入チャンネル入口から試料導入通路部に血液試料が導入される時、有効な測定信号を発生させるのに十分な量の試料を作用電極が位置した試料導入通路部に均一に導入されるように血液試料を集める役割を果たし、図1に示したように下部絶縁体500を用いて形成することができる。このような役割を充分に遂行するために、前記試料捕集バリアは1〜10μmの高さを有することが好ましい。このような試料捕集バリアによって不均一な試料導入によって発生する不正確性を減らすことができ、正確な測定が可能になる。
本明細書で、「交差形成されている」という用語は、試料導入通路部102と通気部103が一直線に配列されているのではなく、一点で交わる構造になっていることを意味する。
前記バイオセンサの中間基板の材質としては、圧着または加熱圧着粘着剤が加えられた高分子材質を用いることができ、ポリエステル、ポリビニルクロライド及びポリカーボネートなどの有機高分子材料を用いることが好ましい。
前記基準電極、作用電極及び補助電極の材料としては、導電性物質であれば特に制限されない。導電性物質の例としては、銀エポキシ、パラジウム、銅、金、白金、イリジウム、銀/塩化銀、炭素及び特定の酸化還元対またはその他添加剤が補強された変形された炭素などを挙げることができる。前記基準、補助及び作用電極は導電性物質を基板上にスクリーンプリント、物理的蒸着またはエッチングによって形成したり、導体テープの付着などによって形成することができる。
図5と同じ形態の作用電極と電気接続部を炭素ペーストでスクリーンプリントした後、140℃で5分間熱処理した。その後、電気接続部の端部に銀ペーストを中間基板電極の厚さになるようにスクリーンプリントして回路接続部を完成する。上部基板電極は、炭素ペーストで基準電極兼補助電極をスクリーンプリントして下部基板電極製作時と同じ条件で熱処理する。基準電極兼補助電極の端部は、銀ペーストで回路接続部を形成して対面型バイオセンサの上部基板電極を製作した。
試料捕集バリアがある絶縁体を蒸着しないことを除き、実施例の方法と同一な方法で対面型バイオセンサを製作した。
試料注入口に試料捕集バリアが具備されたバイオセンサの分析精度についての効果
本発明によるバイオセンサの試料注入口に試料捕集バリアが具備されることによって示される測定時の精度を調べるために次のような実験を行なった。
Claims (8)
- 電子移動メディエータ及び酸化酵素を含む試薬層でコーティングされた作用電極及び基準電極が形成された下部基板と、試料導入チャンネル入口、試料導入通路部及び通気部を含む試料導入チャンネルのプリカットパターンを具備した中間基板と、前記中間基板と下部基板との間の疎水性下部絶縁体と、試料セル構造を形成する上部基板またはカバーとを有する電気化学的バイオセンサにおいて、
前記疎水性下部絶縁体はプリカットパターンを有し、前記試料導入チャンネル入口に前記疎水性下部絶縁体の一部によって形成される一定高さの疎水性試料捕集バリアを備えることを特徴とする電気化学的バイオセンサ。 - 前記試料導入チャンネルは、試料導入通路部と通気部とが交差形成され、試料導入チャンネル入口が試料導入通路部に向かってその幅が狭くなる斜線形態に形成されたプリカットパターンを有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電気化学的バイオセンサ。
- 前記疎水性試料捕集バリアが1〜10μmの高さを有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電気化学的バイオセンサ。
- 前記疎水性下部絶縁体のプリカットパターンは、中間基板内の試料導入通路部の形態と一致する構造を有しながら中間基板内の試料導入通路部の形態と一致するように、前記疎水性下部絶縁体が下部基板上にスクリーンプリントされることによって、試料導入通路部を通じて露出する作用電極の面積を調節するパターンで形成されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電気化学的バイオセンサ。
- 前記疎水性下部絶縁体のプリカットパターンは、中間基板内の試料導入通路部及び通気部の形態と一致する構造を有しながら中間基板内の試料導入通路部及び通気部と一致するように、前記疎水性下部絶縁体が下部基板上にスクリーンプリンティングされる請求項1に記載の電気化学的バイオセンサ。
- 前記試料導入チャンネルの通気部を覆う上部基板と中間基板との間に、疎水性上部絶縁体をさらに含む請求項4に記載の電気化学的バイオセンサ。
- 前記中間基板内の試料導入通路部の所望の位置まで試料を導入させるため、前記所望の位置までの試料導入通路部に一致するように、疎水性下部絶縁体のプリカットパターンを形成することを特徴とする請求項4に記載の電気化学的バイオセンサ。
- 前記絶縁体が、ウレタンまたはポリアクリレートから形成されることを特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項7のいずれか一項に記載の電気化学的バイオセンサ。
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