JP4927055B2 - FM signal noise canceller circuit - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a noise canceller circuit that reduces noise caused by overmodulation contained in an FM modulated signal.

  Noise may be superimposed on the FM signal generated in the FM modulation circuit. For example, increasing the modulation factor in the FM modulation circuit generally improves the S / N ratio of the signal, so the modulation factor may be set high. However, when modulation is performed exceeding the limit, the high frequency component becomes too large, and the transmission device including the FM modulation circuit cannot cope with generation of the high frequency signal, and the modulation signal is attenuated. As a result, a part of the signal originally indicated by the broken line in FIG. 5 may be lost and modulated as a signal indicated by the solid line in FIG.

  When such a signal loss occurs, there arises a problem that even if the FM signal is demodulated, it cannot be restored to the original signal.

  In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a noise canceller circuit that can reduce noise due to overmodulation contained in an FM signal.

  One aspect of the present invention is based on a detection circuit that detects the loss of the FM signal by comparing the amplitude of the FM signal to be processed before demodulation and a threshold value, and the signal after demodulation of the FM signal. And a threshold value setting circuit for setting the threshold value.

Here, the detection circuit, the amplitude of the demodulated signal before the FM signal starts outputting the detection signal when it becomes lower than the first threshold value, which is one of the threshold, the demodulation of the FM signal It is preferable that the output of the detection signal is stopped when the amplitude of the previous signal becomes equal to or greater than a second threshold which is one of the thresholds larger than the first threshold.

  Further, the threshold setting circuit outputs a high-pass filter that outputs only a signal of a predetermined frequency band or higher in the demodulated signal of the FM signal, and the first threshold or the signal based on the signal output from the high-pass filter It is preferable to include a threshold value setting unit that sets the second threshold value.

For example, the threshold setting unit includes an amplifier that amplifies the signal output from the high-pass filter at a predetermined amplification factor, and the first threshold and the second threshold that are predetermined for the signal output from the amplifier. An adder for adding the minimum value of the signal, a signal output from the adder by comparing the signal output from the adder with the predetermined maximum value of the first threshold and the second threshold When the signal output from the adder is smaller than the maximum value, the signal output from the adder is selected. When the signal output from the adder is equal to or greater than the maximum value, the maximum value is selected, and the first value is selected. It is preferable to output as the threshold value or the second threshold value.

  Further, when the missing FM signal is detected, it is preferable to stop the updating of the threshold by the threshold setting circuit.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to appropriately reduce the noise included in the FM signal.

  As shown in the configuration diagram of FIG. 1, the noise canceller circuit 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes an amplitude decrease detection unit 102, a threshold setting unit 104, and a noise canceller unit 106. The noise canceller circuit 100 has a function of reducing noise due to overmodulation of an FM-modulated input signal.

  The amplitude reduction detection unit 102 includes a low-pass filter 10, a comparator 12, a first output adjustment unit 14, a second output adjustment unit 16, a phase adjustment unit 18, and a selector 20. The amplitude decrease detection unit 102 receives the signal S1 of the amplitude value of the FM signal before demodulation, determines whether or not the FM signal includes a signal loss from the signal S1, and if the loss is included, an amplitude decrease detection signal is determined. Output. The amplitude value signal S1 of the FM signal before demodulation can be, for example, a 16-bit signal obtained by digitizing the amplitude value.

  The threshold setting unit 104 includes a switch 22, a high pass filter 24, an absolute value output unit 26, a low pass filter 28, a first threshold control unit 30, and a second threshold control unit 32. The threshold setting unit 104 receives the demodulated signal S2 of the FM signal, sets and outputs a threshold used by the amplitude reduction detection unit 102 to determine the amplitude reduction of the modulation signal based on the high frequency component of the signal S2. The demodulated signal S2 can be, for example, a 16-bit signal obtained by digitizing the demodulated signal.

  The noise canceller unit 106 includes a first phase adjustment unit 34, a low-pass filter 36, a second phase adjustment unit 38, a hold unit 40, and a selector 42. The noise canceller unit 106 receives the signal S2 after demodulation of the FM signal, and outputs the signal S2 without holding it when the amplitude decrease detection signal from the amplitude decrease detection unit 102 is not input. On the other hand, while the amplitude reduction detection signal from the amplitude reduction detection unit 102 is input, the signal S2 is held and output, thereby replacing the noise of the FM signal with the hold signal.

  The amplitude drop detection unit 102, the threshold setting unit 104, and the noise canceller unit 106 receive the signal S1 of the amplitude value of the FM signal before demodulation and the signal S2 after demodulation of the FM signal respectively sampled at a predetermined sampling frequency, Each time S1 and S2 are input, the following processing is repeated. The sampling frequencies of the signals S1 and S2 are preferably set higher than the sampling frequency required for the FM demodulated signal.

  First, the threshold setting unit 104 will be described. A signal S2 obtained by demodulating the FM signal is input to the switch 22 of the threshold setting unit 104. The switch 22 is in a connected state while the amplitude reduction detection signal is not output from the amplitude reduction detection unit 102 and inputs the signal S2 to the high-pass filter 24, and is in a cut-off state while the amplitude reduction detection signal is output. Thus, the signal S2 functions so as not to be input to the high-pass filter 24. While the switch 22 is in the cutoff state, the threshold setting unit 104 temporarily stops the processing operation.

  The high pass filter 24 extracts and outputs a signal component having a frequency equal to or higher than a predetermined cutoff frequency for the input signal S2. The high-pass filter 24 can be configured by a digital filter such as a tap filter, for example. If noise is superimposed on the modulation signal due to a weak electric field or the like, the noise is also superimposed on the FM signal after demodulation. At that time, noise called triangular noise is superimposed on the high frequency region of the demodulated FM signal. Therefore, the high-pass filter 24 extracts the high-frequency component of the demodulated signal S2 on which the noise component is superimposed.

  The absolute value output unit 26 outputs the absolute value of the high-frequency component of the signal S2 that has passed through the high-pass filter 24. The output signal of the absolute value output unit 26 is input to the low pass filter 28. The low-pass filter 28 outputs the time average value of the high frequency component of the signal S2. The output signal of the low-pass filter 28 is input to the first threshold control unit 30 and the second threshold control unit 32.

  The basic configurations of the first threshold control unit 30 and the second threshold control unit 32 are the same, and include an amplifier 48, an adder 50, a comparator 44, and a selector 46, as shown in the circuit configuration diagram of FIG. The first threshold value control unit 30 and the second threshold value control unit 32 generate and output a first threshold value and a second threshold value corresponding to the magnitude of the noise of the FM signal obtained from the high frequency component of the demodulated FM signal S2. To do.

  The amplifier 48 amplifies the noise component output from the low pass filter 28 with a predetermined gain and outputs the amplified noise component. The adder 50 adds a preset minimum value to the signal amplified by the amplifier 48. The minimum value is set to the minimum value of the first threshold value and the second threshold value generated by the first threshold value control unit 30 and the second threshold value control unit 32, respectively. The comparator 44 compares the output signal from the adder 50 with a preset maximum value. If the output from the adder 50 is greater than the maximum value, the output is “1”, and if the output is less than the maximum value, the output is output. Set to “0”. The maximum value is set to the maximum value of the first threshold value and the second threshold value generated by the first threshold value control unit 30 and the second threshold value control unit 32, respectively. The selector 46 receives the output signal of the comparator 44, and exclusively selects and outputs either the output from the adder 50 or the maximum value according to the value of the output signal. That is, if the output value of the comparator 44 is “0”, the output from the adder 50 is selected, and if the output value is “1”, the maximum value is selected and output.

  Through the above processing, the first threshold control unit 30 amplifies the noise component of the FM signal by multiplying it by a predetermined gain, and adjusts the value so as to fall between the predetermined minimum value and the maximum value. Output as a threshold. Similarly, the second threshold controller 32 amplifies the noise component of the FM signal by multiplying it by a predetermined gain, and adjusts the value so as to fall between a predetermined minimum value and maximum value as the second threshold value. Output.

  Here, by setting the gain of the amplifier 48 in the first threshold control unit 30 to a value larger than the gain of the amplifier 48 in the second threshold control unit 32, as shown in FIG. 3, the first threshold is higher than the second threshold. Can also be set to be large. Further, the difference between the first threshold value and the second threshold value can be made larger when the high frequency noise of the FM signal is large (FIG. 3A) than when the high frequency noise is small (FIG. 3A). In order to set the first threshold value to be larger than the second threshold value in the entire range, the minimum value added by the adder 50 and the maximum value to be compared by the comparator 44 are also set to the first value. It is preferable to set the value in the first threshold control unit 30 to be larger than the value in the second threshold control unit 32.

  As described above, the noise canceller circuit 100 according to the present embodiment sets the first threshold value and the second threshold value based on the magnitude of noise included in the high-frequency component of the demodulated FM signal S2.

  The amplitude decrease detection unit 102 receives the first threshold value and the second threshold value from the threshold value setting unit 104, compares the amplitude of the signal S1 of the amplitude value of the FM signal before demodulation with the first threshold value and the second threshold value FM. A process for detecting the attenuation portion of the signal S1 is performed.

  The low-pass filter 10 receives the signal S1 having the amplitude value of the FM signal before demodulation, and transmits and transmits only a component having a predetermined frequency or less. By using the low-pass filter 10, the amplitude reduction detection unit 102 removes the signal of the high frequency component, and extracts and outputs the amplitude of the low frequency component of the signal S1.

  The comparator 12 compares the output signal S1 from the low-pass filter 10 with the threshold selected by the selector 20, and outputs “1” when the signal S1 becomes lower than the threshold output from the selector 20, and the signal S1 Is equal to or greater than the threshold output from the selector 20, "0" is output.

  The output signal of the comparator 12 is input to the first output adjustment unit 14. The first output adjustment unit 14 has a function as a low-pass filter. For example, the first output adjustment unit 14 accumulates the output of the comparator 12 over a plurality of sampling numbers, and outputs the output value of the comparator 12 when the output of the comparator 12 is constant for a predetermined number or more. .

  As a more specific example, the first output adjustment unit 14 accumulates 8 samples of the output value of the comparator 12 and outputs “1” when the output value of the comparator 12 becomes “1” continuously for 8 samples. When the output value of the comparator 12 becomes “0” for 8 consecutive samples, the output is set to “0”. That is, once the output of the first output adjustment unit 14 becomes “1”, the output of the first output adjustment unit 14 becomes “1” until the output value of the comparator 12 becomes “0” continuously eight times. To maintain. Similarly, once the output of the first output adjustment unit 14 becomes “0”, the output of the first output adjustment unit 14 becomes “0” until the output value of the comparator 12 becomes “1” for eight consecutive times. ”Is maintained.

  The selector 20 selects and outputs the first threshold value from the first threshold value control unit 30 of the threshold value setting unit 104 if the output value of the first output adjustment unit 14 is “1”. If the output value is “0”, the second threshold value from the second threshold value control unit 32 of the threshold value setting unit 104 is selected and output.

  Since the output of the first output adjustment unit 14 is “0” in the initial state, the selector 20 selects the second threshold value and outputs it as the threshold value. At this time, when the amplitude of the signal S1 becomes smaller than the second threshold value in the comparator 12, the output of the comparator 12 is changed from “0” to “1”. When this state continues, the output of the first output adjustment unit 14 also becomes “1”, and accordingly, the selector 20 selects the first threshold value and outputs it as the threshold value. Since the first threshold value is set to be larger than the second threshold value, the output of the comparator 12 is maintained at “1” until the signal S1 becomes equal to or higher than the first threshold value next time. When the signal S1 exceeds the first threshold, the output of the comparator 12 is changed from “1” to “0”. When this state continues continuously, the output of the first output adjustment unit 14 also becomes “0”. Accordingly, the selector 20 selects the second threshold value again and outputs it as the threshold value.

  That is, when the state in which the signal S1 becomes smaller than the second threshold value from the selector 20 continues, the output of the first output adjustment unit 14 becomes “1”, indicating that the signal S1 has decreased due to overmodulation. When the state in which the signal S1 is equal to or higher than the first threshold value from the selector 20 continues, the output of the first output adjustment unit 14 becomes “0”, and the decrease in the amplitude of the signal S1 due to overmodulation is eliminated. It has been shown.

  At this time, the threshold value for comparison is set as the second threshold value when determining the transition from the state where the signal S1 is not lowered due to overmodulation to the state where the signal S1 is lowered, and the signal S1 is changed from the state where the signal S1 is lowered. When determining the transition to a state where there is no decrease, the first threshold value is used to provide a hysteresis characteristic for detection of the amplitude decrease, and the signal S1 vibrates in the vicinity of the threshold value due to the influence of noise or the like. Even so, it is possible to prevent the output from the comparator 12 from oscillating finely between “0” and “1”. Thereby, it is possible to stably detect the decrease in the signal S1 due to overmodulation.

  Further, as described above, the first threshold value and the second threshold value are changed based on the noise level of the signal S2 after demodulating the FM signal. When the noise value of the signal S2 is large, both the first threshold value and the second threshold value are increased, and erroneous detection of the decrease in the signal S1 due to noise can be avoided. When the noise value of the signal S2 is small, the first threshold value and the second threshold value are both small, and the decrease in the signal S1 can be detected with high accuracy.

  The second output adjustment unit 16 has a function as a filter. The second output adjustment unit 16 receives the output signal from the first output adjustment unit 14, accumulates the output of the first output adjustment unit 14 over a plurality of sampling numbers, and performs a logical sum of the values corresponding to the number of samplings. Is output. That is, over the sampling number, when the output of the first output adjustment unit 14 is “1” at least once, the second output adjustment unit 16 outputs “1”, and the first output adjustment unit 14 When all the outputs are “0”, the second output adjustment unit 16 outputs “0”. The output signal of the second output adjustment unit 16 is input to the switch 22 of the phase adjustment unit 18 and the threshold setting unit 104 as an amplitude decrease detection signal.

  As a more specific example, the second output adjustment unit 16 accumulates 8 samples of the output value of the first output adjustment unit 14, and the output value of the first output adjustment unit 14 is at least once within 8 samples. The output is set to “1” when it becomes “1”, and the output is set to “0” when the output value of the first output adjustment unit 14 becomes “0” for 8 consecutive samples.

  The phase adjustment unit 18 adjusts the phase by delaying the amplitude decrease detection signal from the second output adjustment unit 16. The phase adjustment unit 18 can be configured to include a shift register that accumulates a predetermined number of amplitude decrease detection signals from the second output adjustment unit 16, and selects any one of the signals accumulated in the shift register. Output. The phase of the amplitude decrease detection signal output from the second output adjustment unit 16 can be adjusted depending on which of the accumulated signals is selected.

  Note that, as described above, the switch 22 of the threshold setting unit 104 is controlled by the output signal of the second output adjustment unit 16, so that the connection state is maintained while the amplitude decrease detection signal is not output from the amplitude decrease detection unit 102. Thus, the FM signal S2 is input to the high-pass filter 24, and the cutoff state is maintained while the amplitude reduction detection signal is output. Thus, the update of the first threshold value and the second threshold value in the threshold setting unit 104 is stopped while the amplitude decrease of the signal S1 is detected, and during this period, the first threshold value and the second threshold value before the amplitude decrease detection of the signal S1 is stopped. Is maintained. That is, the first threshold value and the second threshold value are not set based on the signal S2 affected by the amplitude reduction of the signal S1, and noise superimposed on the signal S2 due to the signal S1 reduction to the signal S1 reduction detection is prevented. Adverse effects can be avoided.

  Next, the noise canceller unit 106 will be described. The noise canceller unit 106 receives the signal S2 after the demodulation of the FM signal and the amplitude reduction detection signal from the amplitude reduction detection unit 102, and performs a process of adjusting a signal to be output according to the amplitude reduction detection signal.

  The first phase adjuster 34 adjusts the phase by delaying the signal S2. The first phase adjustment unit 34 can be configured to include a FIFO shift register that accumulates the signal S2 by a predetermined number of samplings and outputs the signal S2 in the order of accumulation. The first phase adjusting unit 34 adjusts the phase of the signal S2.

  The low-pass filter 36 is a filter that transmits only components having a frequency equal to or lower than a predetermined frequency of the output signal from the first phase adjustment unit 34. For example, the low-pass filter 36 may include a tap filter having a linear phase characteristic.

  The second phase adjustment unit 38 adjusts the phase of the output signal of the first phase adjustment unit 34. The second phase adjustment unit 38 is provided to match the phase of the signal that passes through the low-pass filter 36 and is input to the selector 42 and the signal that does not pass through the low-pass filter 36 and is input to the selector 42. The input signal is delayed by the delay time generated at 36. The second phase adjustment unit 38 can be configured to include, for example, a shift register.

  The hold unit 40 receives the amplitude reduction detection signal output from the phase adjustment unit 18 and holds the output signal from the low-pass filter 36 at a timing when the amplitude reduction detection signal is changed from “0” to “1”. Output. That is, the hold unit 40 latches the demodulated signal S2 that has passed through the low-pass filter 36 at a timing when the period in which the signal S1 is decreasing starts in the amplitude decrease detection unit 102, and the decrease in the signal S1 is eliminated. Hold that value and continue to output. The hold unit 40 can be configured to include, for example, a flip-flop circuit.

  The selector 42 receives the output signal from the hold unit 40 and the output signal from the second phase adjustment unit 38, and if the amplitude decrease detection signal output from the phase adjustment unit 18 is “1”, the selector 42 receives the output signal from the hold unit 40. The output signal is selected and output. If the amplitude decrease detection signal output from the phase adjustment unit 18 is “0”, the output signal from the second phase adjustment unit 38 is selected and output.

  As described above, the noise canceller unit 106 outputs only the phase adjustment of the demodulated FM signal when the signal S1 is not detected to be lowered and the amplitude reduction detection signal is not output, and the amplitude of the FM signal is reduced. Is detected and the amplitude decrease detection signal is output, the demodulated FM signal at the start of the amplitude decrease period is held, and the signal is continuously output during the amplitude decrease period. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, during the amplitude reduction period, the output from the noise canceller unit 106 is maintained at the value held in the hold unit 40, and an output compensated for noise in the signal can be obtained.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the noise canceller circuit in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the 1st threshold value control part and 2nd threshold value control part in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of a setting of the 1st threshold value and 2nd threshold value in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of the noise compensation process with respect to FM signal in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of the noise superimposed on FM signal.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Low pass filter, 12 Comparator, 14 1st output adjustment part, 16 2nd output adjustment part, 18 Phase adjustment part, 20 Selector, 22 Switch, 24 High pass filter, 26 Absolute value output part, 28 Low pass filter, 30 1st threshold value Control unit, 32 second threshold control unit, 34 first phase adjustment unit, 36 low-pass filter, 38 second phase adjustment unit, 40 hold unit (hold circuit), 42 selector (selector circuit), 50 adder, 44 comparator , 46 selector, 48 amplifier, 100 noise canceller circuit, 102 amplitude drop detection unit, 104 threshold setting unit, 106 noise canceller unit.

Claims (5)

A detection circuit that detects the loss of the FM signal by comparing the amplitude of the signal before demodulation of the FM signal to be processed with a threshold value;
A threshold setting circuit for setting the threshold based on the demodulated signal of the FM signal;
An FM signal noise detection circuit comprising: The noise detection circuit according to claim 1,
The detection circuit includes:
The amplitude of the demodulated signal before the FM signal starts outputting the detection signal when it becomes lower than the first threshold value, which is one of the threshold,
Noise that stops the output of the detection signal when the amplitude of the signal before demodulation of the FM signal becomes equal to or greater than a second threshold that is one of the thresholds larger than the first threshold. Detection circuit. The noise detection circuit according to claim 2,
The threshold setting circuit includes:
A high-pass filter that outputs only signals of a predetermined frequency band or higher in the demodulated signal of the FM signal;
A threshold setting unit that sets the first threshold or the second threshold based on a signal output from the high-pass filter;
A noise detection circuit comprising: The noise detection circuit according to claim 3,
The threshold setting unit includes:
An amplifier that amplifies the signal output from the high-pass filter at a predetermined amplification rate;
An adder for adding a predetermined minimum value of the first threshold value and the second threshold value to a signal output from the amplifier;
The signal output from the adder is compared with predetermined maximum values of the first threshold value and the second threshold value, and when the signal output from the adder is smaller than the maximum value, The signal output from the adder is selected, and if the signal output from the adder is equal to or greater than the maximum value, the maximum value is selected and output as the first threshold value or the second threshold value. A noise detection circuit characterized by that. The noise detection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A noise detection circuit, wherein when the missing FM signal is detected, the threshold value setting circuit stops updating the threshold value.

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