JP4919205B2 - Grinder - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a grinding machine for grinding a cylindrical inner surface and a conical inner surface of a workpiece.

  A grinding machine that grinds the inner peripheral surface of a workpiece is required to have a function of relatively moving the grindstone in the z-axis direction approaching and separating from the workpiece and relatively moving the grindstone in the x-axis direction intersecting the z-axis direction. The An example of such a grinding machine is the grinding machine disclosed in Patent Document 1.

JP 2000-218527 A

The grinding machine shown in Patent Document 1 is provided with a moving mechanism in the z-axis direction and a moving mechanism in the x-axis on a grindstone-side table that holds a grindstone. Accordingly, since the z-axis moving mechanism is stacked above the x-axis moving mechanism, the height dimension from the base to the grindstone shaft is increased, and the rigidity is lowered, so that the machining accuracy is lowered.
Further, when grinding not only the cylindrical inner surface of the workpiece as in Patent Document 1, but also the conical inner surface of the workpiece, a configuration in which the x-axis is rotated with respect to the z-axis to intersect obliquely is preferable. . If the x axis is crossed obliquely with respect to the grinding machine of Patent Document 1, the grindstone side table may further increase in size.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a grinding machine for grinding a cylindrical inner surface and a conical inner surface of a workpiece, which can be configured in a small size and can be processed with high accuracy.

In order to solve the above problems, the grinding machine of the present invention employs the following means.
That is, the grinding machine according to the present invention is a grinding machine for grinding a cylindrical inner surface and a conical inner surface of a workpiece, and has a grindstone shaft that holds a grindstone at the tip, and advances and retreats in the z-axis direction approaching and separating from the workpiece. a grindstone side table, comprising a main shaft for holding the workpiece on the tip, the workpiece-side table for forward and backward in the x-axis direction crossing obliquely with respect to the z-axis, wherein said workpiece-side table, below the base An x-axis table provided with an x-axis direction moving mechanism that rotates with respect to the x-axis direction, and is installed on the x-axis table and rotates with respect to the x-axis table and includes the main shaft. and a spindle table, together with the center of rotation of the x-axis table rotation center and the main shaft table matches, to characterized in that a straight line passing through these rotational center passes through the workpiece .

Since the movement in the z-axis direction is performed on the grindstone-side table and the movement in the x-axis direction is performed on the workpiece-side table, a mechanism for moving in the z-axis direction and a mechanism for moving in the x-axis direction are respectively used. It can be sorted into the side table and the work side table. As a result, the height of the grindstone side table can be kept lower than when two movement mechanisms of the z axis and the x axis are provided on the grindstone side table. Since the height can be made relatively low, the grindstone side table can be made highly rigid, and processing can be performed with high accuracy.
In addition, since the workpiece side table is moved in the x-axis direction instead of the grindstone side table, there is no need to increase the size of the grindstone side table even when the x axis is obliquely intersected with the z axis. .
Further, since the workpiece side table is moved in the x-axis direction separately from the grindstone side table moving in the z-axis direction, the stroke in the x-axis direction can be increased.

  Furthermore, in the grinding machine of the present invention, the work side table is provided with a dressing device for dressing the grindstone at the dressing position moved in the x-axis direction.

  As described above, since the work side table can be moved greatly in the x-axis direction, a dressing device is provided on the work side table. Thereby, since the grindstone is dressed only by moving the workpiece side table in the x-axis direction, the dressing operation can be performed easily and quickly.

By rotating the x-axis table, the angle of the conical inner surface of the workpiece with respect to the grindstone of the grindstone side table is determined. Further, fine adjustment is performed by rotating the spindle table.
Since the rotation center of the x-axis table and the rotation center of the spindle table coincide with each other and the straight line passing through these rotation centers passes through the workpiece, the spindle table is moved after the x-axis table is rotated. Even in the case of fine adjustment by turning, the angle can be easily adjusted because the work is turned around the center and the center position is not shifted.

According to the present invention, since the z-axis moving mechanism and the x-axis moving mechanism are respectively distributed to the grindstone side table and the workpiece side table, it is possible to configure a grinding machine in a small size and increase rigidity. As a result, high-precision grinding can be performed.
Further, according to the present invention, the dressing operation can be performed easily and quickly because the work side table provided with the dressing device is moved in the x-axis direction.
In addition, according to the present invention, the rotation center of the x-axis table and the rotation center of the spindle table coincide with each other, and a straight line passing through these rotation centers passes through the workpiece. Even when the spindle table is rotated and finely adjusted after moving, the center position does not shift and high-precision grinding can be realized.

Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a side sectional view of a grinding machine 1 according to the present embodiment.
The grinding machine 1 is provided on a base 3, and a z-axis table (grinding wheel side table) 10 that holds the grindstone 4, and an x-axis table (workpiece side table) that is disposed facing the grindstone 4 side of the z-axis table 10. 11 and a spindle table (work-side table) 12 that is provided on the x-axis table 11 and holds the workpiece 5.

  Note that, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the x-axis according to the present embodiment is disposed so as to cross obliquely with respect to the z-axis. However, in FIG. 1, the x-axis extends in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface and is shown to be orthogonal to the z-axis. This is for ease of understanding, and it should be noted that the x-axis of the present embodiment crosses obliquely with respect to the z-axis.

As shown in FIG. 1, the z-axis table 10 includes a z-axis guide base 14 fixed on the base 3, a z-axis movement table 16 provided on the z-axis guide base 14 and moving in the z-axis direction, A grinding wheel spindle motor 18 fixed on the z-axis moving table 16 is provided.
The z-axis moving table 16 is moved in the z-axis direction with respect to the z-axis guide base 14 by a feed screw (not shown) driven by the z-axis drive motor 20. Lubricating oil is supplied between the opposing surfaces (not shown) of the z-axis guide base 14 and the z-axis moving table 16, and the clearance between the opposing surfaces is secured by the static pressure of the lubricating oil. By doing so, it can move smoothly (by so-called static pressure guide).

  The grindstone 4 is attached to the tip of the grindstone shaft 19 of the grindstone spindle motor 18, and the grindstone 4 is rotated by the rotation of the grindstone spindle motor 18. As shown in FIG. 4, the grindstone 4 has a cylindrical portion 4 a that grinds the cylindrical inner surface of the workpiece 5 and a conical portion 4 b that grinds the conical inner surface of the workpiece 5. As the grindstone 4, one according to the shape of the work 5 is used. For example, a grindstone having a conical portion 4 b according to the taper angle of the conical inner surface of the work 5 is used.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the x-axis table 11 includes an x-axis guide base 22 installed on the base 3 and an x-axis direction that is provided on the x-axis guide base 22 and obliquely intersects the z-axis. And an x-axis moving table 24 that moves to the right.

  The x-axis moving table 24 is moved in the x-axis direction with respect to the x-axis guide base 22 by a feed screw (not shown) driven by an x-axis drive motor 26. Lubricating oil is supplied between the opposing surfaces (not shown) of the x-axis guide base 22 and the x-axis moving table 24, and the clearance between the opposing surfaces is secured by the static pressure of the lubricating oil. By doing so, it can move smoothly (by so-called static pressure guide).

  The x-axis guide base 22 is rotatable around the first rotation pin 28 with respect to the base 3. The first rotation pin 28 is located on the z-axis table 10 side, and the workpiece 5 is located on the upper extension line L1 of the axis. The x-axis table 11 is rotated around the first rotation pin 28 by an adjusting screw 30 (see FIG. 2) together with the spindle table 12 installed above.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the adjustment screw 30 has a hexagon head between the base side bracket 30 a fixed to the base 3 and the x axis table side bracket 30 b fixed to the x axis guide base 22. The bolt 30c is passed. The bolt 30c is rotatably supported with one end having a hexagonal head constrained from moving in the axial direction with respect to the base side bracket 30a. A tiltable nut 30d is accommodated in the x-axis table side bracket 30b, and the other end side which is a shaft portion of the bolt 30c is screwed to the nut 30d. By rotating the bolt 30c, the distance between the base side bracket 30a and the x-axis table side bracket 30b is changed, and the x-axis table 11 and the spindle table 12 are rotated around the first rotation pin 28.

After the rotational position is determined by the adjusting screw 30, the x-axis guide base 22 is fixed by screwing the fixing bolt 22 a into the female screw hole 3 a formed in the base 3. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a plurality of female screw holes 3 a formed in the base 3 are formed for each desired rotation position.
As can be seen by comparing FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, FIG. 2 shows a case where the x-axis is tilted by about 60 ° clockwise with respect to the z-axis, and FIG. 3 shows that the x-axis is rotated clockwise with respect to the z-axis. In this case, the angle is about 45 °.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the spindle table 12 includes a swivel table 32, a spindle drive motor 34, a spindle body 36 that holds the workpiece 5, and a dressing device 37.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the swivel table 32 is installed on the x-axis movement table 24, and rotates around the second rotation pin 38 with respect to the x-axis movement table 24. Similar to the first rotation pin 28, the second rotation pin 38 is positioned on the z-axis table 10 side, and the workpiece 5 is positioned on the upper extension line L1 of the axis. As described above, the axes of the first rotation pin 28 and the second rotation pin 38 coincide with each other, and the workpiece 5 is positioned on an extension line of the axis. In other words, the rotation center of the x-axis table 11 and the rotation center of the spindle table 12 coincide with each other, and a straight line L1 passing through these rotation centers passes through the workpiece 5. Preferably, the straight line L1 passing through the rotation center is set so as to pass through the center of the work 5 (more specifically, the center when the work 5 is viewed in plan).

  As shown in FIG. 2, the spindle drive motor 34 is fixed on the swivel table 32 and applies a driving force to the spindle body 36. For example, an electric motor is used. The driving force of the spindle drive motor 34 is transmitted to the spindle body 36 via the pulley 34a on the spindle drive motor 34 side, the belt 35, and the pulley 36a on the spindle body 36 side.

  The main shaft main body 36 is fixed on the swivel table 32 and includes a rotating shaft (main shaft) 7 that is rotated by a driving force transmitted from the pulley 36a. The rotation shaft 7 rotates around the main shaft rotation axis M. As shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 5, the workpiece 5 can be attached to the tip of the rotating shaft 7 via the chuck 40. As shown in FIG. 5, the workpiece 5 has a cylindrical inner surface 5a and a tapered conical inner surface 5b.

  The dressing device 37 is fixed on the swivel table 32 and is arranged at one end of the swivel table 32 on the z-axis table 10 side, that is, on the grindstone 4 side. That is, by moving the x-axis moving table 24 in the lower left direction in FIG. 2, the dressing device 37 is arranged at a position where the dressing device 37 can approach the grindstone 4 and perform a dressing operation.

Next, operation | movement of the grinding machine 1 of the said structure is demonstrated.
First, the grindstone 4 corresponding to the taper angle of the conical inner surface 5b of the workpiece 5 to be ground is attached to the grindstone shaft 19 of the z-axis table. Further, the adjustment screw 30 is operated to move the x-axis table 11 and the spindle table 12 around the first rotation pin 28 so as to set the inclination of the x-axis with respect to the z-axis according to the taper angle of the conical inner surface 5b of the work 5. Turn to. After rotating in this manner, the x-axis table 11 is fixed to the base 3 by screwing the fixing bolt 22 a into the female screw hole 3 a of the base 3.
Thereafter, the x-axis movement table 24 of the x-axis table 11 is moved so that the rotation axis of the grindstone 4 and the rotation axis of the work 5 are substantially matched. At this time, the axis of the first rotation pin 28 and the axis of the second rotation pin 38 coincide with each other, and the common axis L1 passes through the center of the workpiece 5. Then, the swivel table 32 is rotated around the second pin so as to finely adjust the angle between the z-axis and the rotation shaft 7 as the main shaft.

When grinding, first, the workpiece 5 is fixed to the tip of the rotary shaft 7 of the main spindle body 36 via the chuck 40.
Then, the grindstone 4 is rotated at about 150,000 rpm by rotating the grindstone spindle motor 18. On the other hand, the workpiece 5 is rotated at about 6000 rpm by rotating the spindle drive motor 34. Whether the rotation direction of the grindstone 4 and the workpiece 5 is the same direction or the reverse direction is appropriately selected according to the usage pattern.
When grinding the cylindrical inner surface of the work 5, the x-axis table 11 is cut and processed by moving it to the grindstone 4 side.
When grinding the conical inner surface of the workpiece 5, the z-axis table 10 is cut and processed by moving it to the workpiece 5 side.
After the grinding process is completed, the rotation drive of the workpiece 5 and the grindstone 4 is stopped, the workpiece 5 is detached from the rotating shaft 7 of the main spindle body 36, the next workpiece 5 is attached to the rotating shaft 7, and the grinding process is similarly performed again. I do.

  When a plurality of workpieces 5 are processed, the processing surface of the grindstone 5 becomes rough, and a dressing operation is performed by the dressing device 37 in order to adjust the processing surface. When performing the dressing operation, the x-axis table 11 is moved to bring the dressing device 37 close to the grindstone 4 to a position where the dressing operation is possible. After the dressing operation is completed, the x-axis table 11 is moved again to a position where the workpiece 5 can be ground.

As described above, according to the grinding machine according to the present embodiment, the following operational effects can be obtained.
Since the movement in the z-axis direction is performed by the z-axis table 10 and the movement in the x-axis direction is performed by the x-axis table 11 provided on the main spindle table 12 side opposed to the z-axis table 10, the z-axis direction It is possible to sort out the mechanism for moving in the x-axis direction and the mechanism for moving in the x-axis direction. Thereby, compared with the case where the x-axis table is provided on the z-axis table, the height of the table on the grindstone side can be kept low. Thus, since it can be made comparatively low height, the z-axis table 10 which rotationally drives the grindstone 4 can be made highly rigid, and it can process with high precision.
Further, since the spindle table 12 is moved in the x-axis direction by the x-axis table 11, the z-axis table 10 is provided by providing the z-axis table 11 with the x-axis table 11 obliquely intersecting the z-axis. There is no need to increase the size.
Further, since the x-axis table 11 is provided independently of the z-axis table 10, the stroke in the x-axis direction can be increased. Thus, since the spindle table 12 can be moved greatly in the x-axis direction, the dressing device 37 is provided on the swivel table 32 of the spindle table 12. As a result, the grindstone 4 is dressed only by moving the spindle table 12 in the x-axis direction by the x-axis table 11, so that the dressing operation can be performed easily and quickly.

  The rotation center of the x-axis table 11 and the rotation center of the spindle table 12 are made to coincide with each other, and the straight line L1 passing through these rotation centers passes through the workpiece 5, so the x-axis table 11 is rotated. Even when the main spindle table 12 is rotated and finely adjusted later, the main table 12 is rotated around the work 5 and the center position does not shift, so that the angle can be easily adjusted.

It is the sectional side view which showed the grinding machine concerning one Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the grinding machine of FIG. It is the side view which showed the grinding machine of FIG. 1, and showed the state which rotated the spindle table. It is the expanded side view which showed the grindstone circumference. It is the enlarged side view showing the circumference of a work.

Explanation of symbols

1 Grinding machine 3 Base 4 Grinding wheel 5 Work piece 10 Z-axis table (grinding wheel side table)
11 x-axis table (work side table)
12 Spindle table (work side table)
28 First Rotating Pin 36 Main Spindle Body 37 Dressing Device 38 Second Rotating Pin

Claims (2)

A grinding machine for grinding a cylindrical inner surface and a conical inner surface of a workpiece,
A grindstone shaft that holds a grindstone at the tip, and a grindstone side table that advances and retreats in the z-axis direction approaching and separating from the workpiece;
A workpiece-side table that includes a spindle that holds the workpiece at the tip, and advances and retreats in the x-axis direction obliquely intersecting the z-axis
Equipped with a,
The work table is rotated with respect to a lower base and moved in the x-axis direction. The work-side table has an x-axis direction moving mechanism, and is installed on the x-axis table. And a spindle table provided with the spindle,
A grinding machine characterized in that the rotation center of the x-axis table coincides with the rotation center of the spindle table, and a straight line passing through the rotation center passes through the workpiece .   2. The grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein the workpiece side table is provided with a dressing device for dressing the grindstone at the dress position moved in the x-axis direction.

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