JP4904943B2 - Polyester fiber melt spinning equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a polyester fiber melt spinning apparatus and a spinning method capable of stably and continuously producing a spin-oriented polyester multifilament capable of being drawn or drawn false twisted.

  Conventionally, in a method for producing a multifilament synthetic fiber, a cooling method has been proposed in which the atmosphere near the base is positively heated and a cylinder that controls the flow of airflow is installed to improve the spinnability ( For example, refer to Patent Document 1), and a method of uniformly cooling a multifilament ultrafine synthetic fiber by superimposing an annular chimney that can change the blowing speed of cooling air in the longitudinal direction and cooling in two stages (for example, In addition, a cooling method has been proposed in which the direction of the cooling air is directed downward in order to suppress the temperature drop near the base (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

  However, these methods can spin ultrafine synthetic fibers stably without unevenness in the longitudinal direction, but to achieve the purpose, it is necessary to shorten the cooling start point distance, and the temperature drop near the base In order to suppress this, additional equipment such as a heater that actively heats up is necessary, and there remains a problem of lack of versatility.

Moreover, in the cooling method in the manufacturing method of a multifilament synthetic fiber, although the crossflow cooling device 3-2 as shown in FIG. 2 is known, in order to blow cooling air on the yarn 9 from one direction, the filament When the number increases, the cooling becomes uneven on the yarn on the side opposite to the surface of the cooling air blowing surface and the yarn on the opposite side of the yarn, so that fineness unevenness in the longitudinal direction occurs.
JP-A-6-17304 JP 2003-253522 A JP 2004-300614 A

  The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to produce a polyester fiber by melt spinning using a cooling device that is highly versatile and enables uniform and stable cooling of melt-spun yarn. It is to provide an apparatus and a spinning method.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following configuration. That is,
(1) In the melt spinning apparatus that cools and solidifies and winds the polyester fiber spun from the spinneret, the cooling air blowing portion of the cooling and solidifying apparatus is annular, and the cooling air is uniformly distributed. A pressure equalizing chamber for blowing out is provided below the cooling air blowing portion, and the cooling and solidifying device is inserted into the spin block from the lower side of the spin block, and further from the top of the cooling air blowing portion to the base surface. A polyester fiber melt spinning apparatus characterized in that the vertical distance (a) is shorter than the vertical distance (b) from the lower surface of the spin block to the uppermost part of the cooling air blowing part, and the difference in the distance is 70 mm to 150 mm .

( 2 ) A polyester fiber melt-spinning method, wherein the polyester fiber is melt-spun using the melt-spinning apparatus of (1 ) .

  According to the present invention, it is highly versatile and the melt-spun yarn can be made uniform simply by specifying the installation position of the apparatus that cools and solidifies the polyester multifilament having a pressure equalizing chamber that is annular as described above. In addition, it is possible to perform stable cooling, and it is possible to obtain a polyester multifilament with little fineness unevenness even if the multifilament has a fine single fiber fineness.

  In the melt spinning apparatus for uniformly cooling the polyester fiber of the present invention, the cooling blowing portion is annular, and has a pressure equalizing chamber for blowing the cooling air uniformly below the cooling wind blowing portion. When there is no pressure equalizing chamber, the cooling air is not uniform even if the cooling air blowing portion is annular, and fineness unevenness occurs in the longitudinal direction of the polyester multifilament. Further, when the pressure equalizing chamber is at the same height as the cooling air blowing portion, the outer periphery of the apparatus for cooling and solidifying becomes large, and the space occupation becomes high, so that the productivity is deteriorated. In addition, when the pressure equalizing chamber is at the upper part of the cooling air blowing part, the distance between the cooling air blowing part and the base surface becomes longer, and the polyester multifilament with a large single fiber fineness can be cooled uniformly, but the polyester multifilament with a thin single fiber fineness can be cooled. The filament begins to solidify before cooling, and longitudinal fineness spots occur due to the influence of the accompanying airflow.

  In the melt spinning apparatus of the present invention, it is important that the vertical distance (a) from the uppermost portion of the cooling air blowing portion to the base surface is shorter than the vertical distance (b) from the lower surface of the spin block to the uppermost portion of the cooling air blowing portion. is there. When the vertical distance (a) from the uppermost part of the cooling and solidifying device to the base surface is longer than the vertical distance (b) from the lower surface of the spin block to the uppermost part of the cooling air blowing part, the temperature of the base surface and the atmosphere below the base surface decreases. As a result, spinning becomes impossible and additional equipment such as a heater to suppress it is required, which is not versatile. If the difference between the vertical distance (a) from the uppermost part of the cooling air blowing part to the base surface and the vertical distance (b) from the lower surface of the spin block to the uppermost part of the cooling air blowing part is too short, the atmosphere on the base surface and under the base surface The difference between the vertical distance (a) from the uppermost part of the cooling air blowing part to the base surface and the vertical distance (b) from the lower surface of the spin block to the uppermost part of the cooling air blowing part is If the length is too long, the accompanying airflow generated after the polyester fiber yarn spun from the spinneret has cooled and solidified becomes a disturbance, causing the yarn to sway and tend to cause fineness in the longitudinal direction of the polyester fiber. The difference between the vertical distance (a) from the uppermost part of the air blowing part to the base surface and the vertical distance (b) from the lower surface of the spin block to the uppermost part of the cooling air blowing part is 70 mm to 150 mm. Door is preferable.

  The cooling air of the melt spinning apparatus of the present invention is preferably rectified. For example, there is a method of rectifying the cooling air by using a porous member formed by winding a cellulose ribbon in a spiral shape and thermosetting, but there is no particular limitation as long as the cooling air is rectified.

  The wind speed of the cooling air blown from the melt spinning apparatus of the present invention is preferably about 0.1 to 0.3 m / second, and the distance between the spun yarn and the cooling apparatus is about 5 to 20 mm. It is preferable that If the wind speed of the cooling air is less than 0.1 m / second, the cooling of the yarn is insufficient, and the yarn-making property is deteriorated, and if it exceeds 0.3 m / second, the yarn sways and the effect tends to be impaired. . In addition, if the distance between the yarn and the cooling device is less than 5 mm, there is a problem that the cooling device and the yarn come into contact with each other and yarn breakage occurs. If the distance exceeds 20 mm, the cooling of the yarn is insufficient. Is impaired and the yarn-making property tends to deteriorate.

  The vertical distance (a) from the uppermost portion of the cooling air blowing portion of the present invention to the base surface is preferably set to 10 mm to 80 mm. When the vertical distance (a) from the uppermost part of the cooling air blowing part to the base surface is less than 10 mm, the temperature of the base surface may be decreased. When the vertical distance exceeds 80 mm, fineness spots in the longitudinal direction of the polyester fiber may be observed. Although there is a case where the yarn-making property is deteriorated, it may be appropriately selected according to the polyester fiber to be spun, the single fiber fineness, the number of filaments, and the type of polymer.

  The vertical distance (b) from the lower surface of the spin block of the present invention to the uppermost part of the cooling air blowing part is preferably set to 80 mm to 230 mm. If the vertical distance (b) from the lower surface of the spin block to the uppermost part of the cooling air blowing portion is less than 80 mm, the temperature of the die surface may be decreased. If it exceeds 230 mm, the fineness unevenness in the longitudinal direction of the polyester fiber may be observed. In some cases, the spinning performance may be deteriorated, but it may be appropriately selected depending on the polyester fiber to be spun, the single fiber fineness, the number of filaments, and the type of polymer.

  The polyester fiber of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a polyester fiber that can be melt-spun. For example, pigments, dyes, matting agents, antifouling agents, fluorescent whitening agents, flame retardants, stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, lubricants and the like may be included.

  The polyester fiber used in the present invention may be composed of a single component or a plurality of components. In the case of a plurality of components, examples include a core sheath and a side-by-side configuration. Further, the cross-sectional shape of the fiber may be an irregular shape such as a circle, a triangle, a flat shape, or a hollow shape.

  The target polyester fiber, single fiber fineness, and number of filaments in the present invention are appropriately selected according to the purpose.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the melt spinning apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic process diagram showing one embodiment of the polyester fiber melt spinning method of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the melt spinning apparatus includes a spinning pack 1, a cooling device 3-1, an oil supply guide 10 , take-up rollers 12 and 13, and a winding device 14 . The spin pack 1 is heated and kept warm by the spin block 4, and the spin pack 1 has a spinneret 2. The yarn 9 spun from the discharge hole of the spinneret 2 is blown out from the annular cooling device 3-1. After being cooled by the cooling air to be applied and applied with the oil agent by the oil supply guide 10, the interlace nozzle 11 is applied with the interlace. Thereafter, the paper is taken up by the take-up rollers 12 and 13 and taken up by the take-up device 14. In the above-described device, the annular cooling device 3-1 in the present invention has the cooling air blowing section 6, and adjusts the cooling air supplied from a temperature controller (not shown) to an arbitrary air volume by the cooling air adjusting device 7. The pressure is equalized in the pressure equalizing chamber 5 having the punching plate 8 at the upper portion, and is rectified by the cooling air blowing portion 6 and sprayed onto the yarn 9.

  The pressure equalizing chamber 5 has a cylindrical shape and has a donut-shaped punching plate 8 for the purpose of equalizing the cooling air in the upper part and is partitioned from the cooling air blowing portion.

  Here, the holes of the punching plate 8 to be used are preferably uniformly formed from the surface of pressure equalization, and the hole area ratio is preferably 30 to 60%.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to polyester multifilaments as examples. Each characteristic value used in the examples was determined by the following measurement method.
[Worcester spots (fineness spots) (U%)]
Using a ZELLWEGER USTER USTER TESTER UT-4, measured at a yarn speed of 100 m / min, a feed tension of 1/30 g / dtex, an S twist, a twister speed of 8000 rpm for 5 minutes, evaluated by HInert, and U% (H) “Less than 0.5” was evaluated as ◯, “0.5 or more and less than 1.0” as ◯, “1.0 or more and less than 1.5” as Δ, and “1.5 or more” as ×.
[Yarn making and productivity]
The number of packs is 20 and spinning is performed for 24 hours, and the number of times of yarn breakage is evaluated during this period. “Less than 1” is XX, “Less than 1 or less than 2” is ◯, “2 or more and less than 3 times” ”Was evaluated as Δ, and“ 3 times or more ”was evaluated as ×.
[productivity]
When spinning for 24 hours under the same spinning conditions and the same site area, and comparing the production volume, when comparing the production volume with 20 packs, the "same production volume" “Low production” was evaluated as x.
[Auxiliary equipment]
The case where no equipment modification other than the cooling and solidifying device and the spinneret was required was evaluated as “◯”, and when necessary, it was evaluated as “X”.

Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5
Polyethylene terephthalate with a melting temperature (Tm) of 255 ° C. is melt-spun, pressure equalizing chamber and pressure equalizing chamber position, vertical distance (a) from the top of the cooling air blowing portion to the base surface, and cooling air blowing from the lower surface of the spin block The vertical distance (b) to the top of the surface is made different. Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 use the cooling device of FIG. 1, and Example 5 uses the cooling customer device of FIG. After taking up at a speed of 2700 m / min, it was drawn at a draw ratio of 1.62. The obtained drawn yarn characteristics are shown in Table 1.

  In the first to third embodiments, the cooling device suitable for the present invention, the pressure equalizing chamber and the pressure equalizing chamber position, and the vertical distance (a) from the top of the cooling air blowing portion to the base surface are as follows. Since it was shorter than the vertical distance (b) to the top, it was very excellent in both U% and yarn-making property, and high versatility requiring no incidental facilities.

  Comparative Example 1 is a cooling device suitable for the present invention. The vertical distance (a) from the top of the cooling air blowing part to the base surface is shorter than the vertical distance (b) from the bottom surface of the spin block to the top of the cooling air blowing part. However, since the pressure equalizing chamber is at the upper part of the cooling air blowing portion, U% and the yarn forming property were inferior.

  Comparative Example 2 is a cooling device suitable for the present invention, and the vertical distance (a) from the uppermost part of the cooling air blowing part to the base surface is shorter than the vertical distance (b) from the lower surface of the spin block to the uppermost part of the cooling air blowing part. However, since there was no pressure equalization chamber, U% and the yarn forming property were poor.

  Comparative Example 3 is a cooling device, a pressure equalizing chamber, and a pressure equalizing chamber position suitable for the present invention, but the productivity was inferior because the pressure equalizing chamber was at the same height as the cooling blowing portion.

  Comparative Example 4 is a cooling device, a pressure equalizing chamber, and a pressure equalizing chamber position suitable for the present invention, but the vertical distance (a) from the top of the cooling air blowing portion to the base surface is from the lower surface of the spin block to the cooling air blowing portion. Since this is the same as the vertical distance (b) to the top of the base, the temperature of the base surface and the atmosphere under the base was lowered, and the U% and the yarn forming property were inferior.

  In Comparative Example 5, since the cooling device was a cross flow, U% was inferior.

Examples 4-6
Polyethylene terephthalate having a melting temperature (Tm) of 256 ° C. is melt-spun by the annular cooling device shown in FIG. 1, and the pressure equalizing chamber and the pressure equalizing chamber position, the vertical distance from the top of the cooling air blowing portion to the base surface (a), Drawing was performed at a spinning speed of 2900 m / min so as to vary the vertical distance (b) from the lower surface of the spin block to the uppermost part of the cooling air blowing surface, followed by stretching at a stretching speed of 1.65. The obtained drawn yarn characteristics are shown in Table 2.

  In Example 4, the cooling device suitable for the present invention, the pressure equalizing chamber and the pressure equalizing chamber position, and the vertical distance (a) from the uppermost part of the cooling air blowing part to the base surface is the uppermost part of the cooling air blowing part from the lower surface of the spin block. Since it is shorter than the vertical distance (b), U%, excellent yarn-making property, and equipment remodeling costs could be greatly reduced.

  In Example 5, the cooling device suitable for the present invention, the pressure equalizing chamber and the position of the pressure equalizing chamber, and the vertical distance (a) from the uppermost part of the cooling air blowing part to the base surface are as follows. Since the difference in the vertical distance (b) was slightly short, the spinning performance was slightly inferior.

  In Example 6, the cooling device suitable for the present invention, the pressure equalizing chamber and the position of the pressure equalizing chamber, and the vertical distance (a) from the uppermost part of the cooling air blowing part to the base surface are as follows. The difference in the vertical distance (b) until is slightly longer, so the yarn-making property was slightly inferior.

It is a schematic process drawing which shows one embodiment of the polyester fiber melt spinning method of the present invention. It is a schematic process drawing which shows one embodiment of the conventional polyester fiber melt spinning method.

Explanation of symbols

1: Spin pack 2: Spinneret 3-1: Annular cooling device 3-2: Cross flow cooling device
4: Spin block 5: Pressure equalizing chamber 6: Cooling air blowing unit 7: Cooling air adjusting device 8: Punching plate 9: Yarn 10: Lubrication guide 11: Interlace nozzle 12, 13: Take-up roller 14: Winding device

Claims (2)

In the melt spinning apparatus for cooling and solidifying and winding the polyester fiber spun from the spinneret, the cooling air blowing portion of the cooling and solidifying apparatus is annular, and the cooling air is blown out uniformly. A pressure equalizing chamber is provided below the cooling air blowing portion, and the cooling and solidifying device is inserted into the spin block from the lower side of the spin block, and the vertical distance from the top of the cooling air blowing portion to the base surface ( A melt spinning apparatus for polyester fiber, wherein a) is shorter than a vertical distance (b) from the lower surface of the spin block to the uppermost part of the cooling air blowing portion, and the difference in the distance is 70 mm to 150 mm . A melt spinning method for polyester fibers, wherein the polyester fibers are melt spun using the melt spinning apparatus according to claim 1 .

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