JP4895684B2 - Method and material for promoting the growth of beetle larvae - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to materials and methods for promoting the growth of beetle larvae and obtaining large adults.

When raising larvae of beetles, a method using a commercially available breeding mat (a product obtained by ripening sawdust such as cucumber or quercus) as a bait is mainly applied in general households.
However, the breeding mat alone does not supply the nutrients necessary for the growth of larvae of beetles, and in particular, when many larvae are bred in small containers, only small beetles are mass-produced.

  With regard to stag beetles, a method for breeding larvae in a mycelium bottle prepared by culturing fungi such as oyster mushrooms in a medium containing nutrients has been developed, and larvae such as stag beetle and stag beetle are bred. However, unlike the optimum growth environment for stag beetle larvae and the optimum growth environment for beetle larvae, mycelium bottles for breeding stag beetles are not suitable for rearing beetle larvae.

  In the field, it is known that beetle larvae are found in mushrooms where mushrooms are dumped and logs that have finished generating mushrooms are piled up and ripened. For this reason, beetle larvae are thought to prefer eating wood that has been rotted by shiitake fungi or mycelia of shiitake mushrooms, but when they created mycelia bins of shiitake mushrooms and put beetle larvae into them, Immediately died.

  Patent Document 1 is characterized in that it is obtained by inoculating logs such as shiitake mushrooms, walrus mushrooms, etc. on logs such as cucumber, beech, etc., developing mycelia, decomposing cellulose components, and subjecting them to fermentation treatment. Insect breeding material, which is characterized by the fact that a fermented material is first fermented, sterilized, inoculated with Aspergillus oryzae, and the mycelium is developed to decompose the cellulose component. It is disclosed.

According to the insect breeding material of Patent Document 1, by degrading the hard-to-decompose cellulose component in the log by developing the mycelium of Aspergillus, monosaccharides, disaccharides, other polysaccharides, etc. are produced by bacteria (bacteria). Since an easily degradable substrate is fermented, it is possible to provide a breeding environment preferred by insects such as beetles and stag beetles.
JP 2003-219760 A

  However, in order to produce the insect breeding material of Patent Document 1, a fermentation process of 20 to 90 days (preferably 40 days or more) is required. For this reason, there is a problem that it takes a long time to manufacture, the reproducibility is lost, and quality control is difficult. Moreover, among the patent documents 1, about the insect breeding material obtained by fermentation treatment → sterilization → gonococcal culture of crushed pieces such as raw wood, if this is used alone as a breeding material, breeding similar to the above mycelium bottle It is considered that the environment becomes unsuitable for rearing beetle larvae.

  The present invention eliminates such problems, provides a material for promoting growth that is easy to manufacture and is particularly suitable for beetle larvae, and promotes the growth of beetle larvae using this material to increase the size. It is an object to provide a method for obtaining adults.

  The above-described problem is that the beetle larvae are reared in a rearing environment in which a fungus bed block composed mainly of hardwood strips and bonded by the elongation of Aspergillus mycelium is buried in a rearing mat. Solved by the method.

  Rather than digging beetle larvae directly into the mold of Aspergillus oryzae, a fungus block composed mainly of broad-leaved wood strips and bonded by extension of Aspergillus oryzae is used as a breeding mat The beetle larvae grow smoothly without dying when they are buried in a stale product. Moreover, since it grows larger by eating the said fungus bed block, a large adult beetle can be obtained. Furthermore, since moderate moisture is supplied from the fungus bed block to the breeding mat, management of water replenishment becomes easier.

  As the koji mold, shiitake mushroom, oyster mushroom, oyster mushroom, kawaratake mushroom and mannentake mushroom are preferable, and mushroom mushroom is particularly preferable.

  By using the fungus bed block as a square columnar block having a length of 3 to 10 cm on each side, and using a plurality of the blocks buried in a breeding mat with an interval of 0.5 to 3 cm, Since beetle larvae can eat fungal bed blocks from various locations, breeding efficiency increases.

  By using the block buried under 2 cm or more from the upper surface of the breeding mat, it is possible to more reliably prevent water from evaporating from the block and ensure water supply from the block to the breeding mat.

  Further, the present invention is a material characterized in that it is mainly composed of hardwood strips, and is bound in a block form by mycelium of Aspergillus oryzae selected from the group consisting of shiitake mushroom, oyster mushroom, oyster mushroom, kawaratake and garlic mushroom It is. By rearing beetle larvae using this material, growth of larvae can be promoted to obtain large adults.

  The material is preferably a quadrangular prism having a length of 3 to 25 cm on each side, and a cutting line is drawn on a bag enclosing the material so that the material can be separated into a plurality of small blocks.

  By using the breeding method and the growth promoting material of the present invention, a large-sized beetle can be produced even by using a commercially available insect breeding mat with a low nutrient content. Moreover, it is possible to obtain large adult beetles even if a large number of larvae are reared in a small container. Furthermore, when raising larvae of beetles, it is always necessary to pay attention to the amount of moisture in the mat, but in the present invention, moderate moisture is supplied from the fungus bed block to the breeding mat, so hydration management can be controlled. It will be easy. Moreover, since the growth promoting material of the present invention can be produced without any special effort such as fermentation treatment, it is highly reproducible and easy to produce.

  The growth-promoting material (fungal bed block) of the present invention can be produced by a method similar to the production of mycelium bottles for cultivating moths such as oyster mushrooms or stag beetle larvae. For example, it can be manufactured by adding nutrients (such as wheat bran) to hardwood sawdust, sterilizing, inoculating koji mold, and culturing at about 25 ° C for about one and a half to two months to spread the mycelium. it can. In order to prevent contamination by various bacteria, it is cultured in a narrow-mouthed container such as a mycelium bottle. After that, the sawdust with the spread of mycelia is scraped out, finely crushed, and then refilled into a wide-mouthed container that can be easily removed. It is preferable to produce a fungus bed block by culturing at around 0 ° C. for about 3 days.

  In the present invention, the breeding mat can be used for breeding beetles and means a powdery or granular material. What is generally marketed as an insect breeding mat can be used, such as those obtained by ripening hardwood sawdust such as cucumber and quercus.

The breeding environment according to the method of the present invention is prepared by, for example, installing the fungus bed block of the present invention on the bottom of the breeding case and then filling a commercially available insect breeding mat until the fungus bed block is completely filled. it can. Since beetle larvae grow in the soil, if the beetle larvae are bred only with the fungus bed block, the larvae will also dig into the fungus bed block. However, in this case, it was confirmed that the larvae died.
However, in the method of the present invention, since the larvae can sink into the breeding mat and eat the fungus bed block from the outside, the larvae do not die and can grow large by eating the fungus bed block. The present invention is applicable not only to domestic beetles, but also to breeding many foreign beetles.

  Rather than using one large block, it is preferable that a plurality of small blocks are installed in the breeding mat with an interval that allows larvae to sink. This is because the larva can eat the fungus bed block from various places, and the breeding efficiency is improved. In particular, when a plurality of larvae are bred in one breeding case, this is preferable.

  More specifically, for example, a plurality of rectangular or cubic fungus blocks each having a side of 4 to 7 cm are placed on the bottom of a breeding case with an interval of about 2 cm, and a commercially available insect breeding mat ( The beetle larvae can be reared in this rearing case by filling up the fungus bed block until the fungus bed block is completely filled. Beetle larvae grow dramatically when they crawl into the rearing mat and eat the fungus bed block from above or from the side of the fungus bed block. Since the fungus bed block can be confirmed from the lower part of the breeding container, when it is exhausted, a new fungus bed block can be embedded to promote further growth. Moreover, since moderate water | moisture content is supplied to a breeding mat from a fungus bed block, even if it does not replenish water, a breeding environment can be maintained favorable. In order to prevent moisture evaporation from the fungus bed block, it is preferable to cover the upper surface of the fungus bed block with a breeding mat of 2 cm or more, more preferably about 4 to 6 cm.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples.

Production of growth promoting material (bacteria bed block) The fungus bed block used in Examples 2 and 3 was produced by the following method.
Wheat bran was added as a nutrient to hardwood sawdust such as Kunugi, Quercus, Beech, etc., autoclaved at 121 ° C for 1 hour, inoculated with Shiitake fungus, and cultured at 25 ° C for about 50 days to prepare a mycelium bottle.
From this mycelium bottle, scrape the sawdust with the spread of mycelia, crush it finely through a 1 cm mesh sieve, fill it into a plastic deep bat, and shape it so that the top is flattened by applying pressure from above The bacterial bed block was produced by culturing at 25 ° C. for about 3 days.

Examination of growth promotion effect
The test started in early September. A plastic case with an inner size of 185 × 130 × 60 (mm) was filled with two cultivated mycelium bottles (1000 ml) and cultured at 25 ° C. for 3 days to prepare a microbial bed block. This is divided into 6 blocks with a size of about 45 x 65 x 60 (mm), and installed on the bottom of the breeding case (W300 x D195 x H205 (mm)) so that the distance between each is about 2 cm. Then, 10 L of an insect breeding mat containing about 50% of water was filled. Five 5th instar larvae of beetles that grew to about 10 g were put here and raised at room temperature. As a control, a test plot without a fungus bed block was provided, and five larvae of beetles that similarly grew to about 10 g were reared in an insect breeding mat 10L.

  In May of the following year, all larvae were weighed and the average value was obtained. The result was 14.8 g for the control group and 20.1 g for the fungus bed block application area, and it was clear that application of the fungus bed block significantly promoted growth. It became. It hatched in late May and emerged in mid-June. The adult body length and body weight were measured.The average body length was 39.6 mm for the control group, 46.6 mm for the fungus block application group, the average body weight was 4.98 g for the control group, and 8.07 g for the fungus bed block application. It was shown that application of the block had a significant effect on the production of large adults.

Examination of application start time and number of application of growth promotion material (bacteria bed block)
The test started in early August. The preparation and breeding method of the fungus bed block was carried out according to Example 2. Five second-instar larvae of beetles that grew to about 3 g were placed in a control group and a fungus bed block-treated group, respectively, and raised at room temperature. A new fungus bed block was given each time the fungus bed block was consumed, and the weight of the larvae was measured each time. In the beginning of September, one month later, the control group was 10.2 g and the fungus bed block application group was 21.3 g. Thus, one month after the breeding, the average weight (20.1 g) after 9 months of the larvae of Example 2 which started breeding from the third instar larvae was obtained. Thereafter, 13.7 g of the control group in the beginning of October, 25.3 g of the application area for the fungus bed block, 13.7 g of the control area in the beginning of February, 30.0 g of the application area for the fungus bed block, 14.1 g of the control area in the beginning of May, The application area was 32.1 g, and in the fungus bed application area, the largest growth reached 36.0 g.
From the above results, it has been clarified that application of the fungus bed block brings about significant growth promotion in the early stage of growth, and that repeated application is effective in promoting growth.

  From the results of the Examples, it was found that a larger beetle can be produced by giving a fungus bed block from the initial stage of growth and appropriately giving a new fungus bed block.

It is a figure which shows one Example of the breeding environment concerning the method of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1. 1. Bacteria bed block 2. Rearing mat Rearing case

Claims (4)

A fungus bed block composed mainly of hardwood strips and bonded by extension of Neisseria gonorrhoeae is buried in a breeding mat , and
2 cm or more from the upper surface of the breeding mat
A method for raising beetle larvae, characterized by being used by being buried underneath .   The breeding method according to claim 1, wherein the gonococcus is selected from the group consisting of shiitake mushroom, oyster mushroom, oyster mushroom, kawaratake, and garlic mushroom.   The breeding method according to claim 2, wherein the koji mold is a shiitake fungus.   The fungus bed block is a square columnar block having a length of 3 to 10 cm on each side, and a plurality of the blocks are buried in a breeding mat with an interval of 0.5 to 3 cm. The breeding method according to any one of Items 1 to 3.

Images