JP4888953B2 - Compound windmill - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a composite wind turbine, and more particularly to a composite wind turbine configured such that a horizontal main shaft of a horizontal axis wind turbine is connected to a vertical main shaft of a vertical axis wind turbine so that both rotate integrally.

  Conventionally, the wind turbine efficiency of the vertical axis wind turbine is about 35%, and the wind turbine efficiency of the horizontal axis wind turbine is about 45%. The wind turbine efficiency is different from each other, and the configuration and operation are also different.

JP 2005-188468 A

  Among the vertical axis wind turbines, the multistage impeller wind turbine is gradually accelerated when it starts to rotate, and rotates at a high speed. However, when the wind speed is weak, it takes time to start the rotation. An object of the present invention is to provide a compound wind turbine in which the startability of a multistage vertical wind turbine is improved.

  The specific contents of the present invention are as follows.

(1) the horizontal upper and lower shaft support comprising a bearing in the center, inside the support frame body in which the framework on high with a plurality of struts comprises a lift-type blade was inclined portion inclined upper and lower blade tip inwardly one vertical spindle is supported by bearings of that, and is projected to the upper end of the vertical main shaft to above the supporting frame, it is supported by a shaft portion of the support base of the support frame top, pivotally horizontal axis to the shaft portion Attach the front part of the wind turbine housing, and attach the rotor blade with the blade tip of the blade inclined forward to the rear end of the horizontal main shaft that protrudes from the inside of the housing to the rear. A compound wind turbine in which the upper end of the main shaft is connected to be interlocked via transmission means, and the rotor blade is always located leeward of the vertical main shaft by a rudder provided on the outer rear side of the housing.

(2) The support frame forms a blade arrangement section between a pair of upper and lower bearings in the upper and lower shaft supports, and a lift type blade perpendicular to the longitudinal main shaft is arranged for each blade arrangement section. composite wind turbine according to configure the above (1).

(3) The blade support disposed on the vertical main shaft for each blade disposition section supports the annular body at the tip of a plurality of support arms fixed in the radial direction on the shaft fixed to the vertical main shaft. Then, the composite windmill according to (2), wherein the front and rear portions in the chord direction on the inner surface of the vertical lift type blade are fixed to the outer peripheral portions of the upper and lower ring bodies.

(4) The number of the vane arrangement設区has an outer ring rim body and number divided by the chord length of the lift type blades, the upper and lower phases of the lift type blades disposed above and below the blade arrangement設区, The combined wind turbine according to (3), wherein a distance corresponding to a chord length of the lift type blade is shifted in a circumferential direction.

  According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

In the combined wind turbine described in (1) above, the horizontal axis wind turbine is disposed above the support frame of the vertical axis wind turbine, and the upper part of the vertical main axis and the horizontal main axis of the horizontal axis wind turbine are connected to rotate together. Thus, after the horizontal axis windmill whose rotation starts quickly starts to rotate, the vertical main axis of the vertical axis windmill is started using the rotational force.
As a result, the vertical wind turbine that starts rotating rapidly accelerates. Since the rudder is attached to the rear part of the horizontal axis wind turbine, even if the wind direction changes, the rudder reacts instantly and accurately and directs the front part of the case to the windward, so wind is wasted. It can be used without.

In the composite wind turbine described in (2) above, a plurality of blade arrangement sections are arranged in a multi-stage on the support frame of the vertical axis wind turbine, and a lift type blade is arranged in each blade arrangement section on one vertical main shaft. Therefore, when the lift type blade receives wind, the longitudinal main shaft rotates, and a large shaft torque can be obtained by the blades of a plurality of stages. When the horizontal axis wind turbine rotates and leads even at low wind speeds, the vertical axis wind turbine rotates, and is accelerated by the lift force due to the shape of the lift- type blade , thereby obtaining a large shaft torque.

In the composite wind turbine described in (3) above, the blade support disposed on the vertical main shaft is configured by a shaft portion, a support arm, and a ring edge, and a lift-type blade perpendicular to the upper and lower ring bodies, Since the front and rear of the inner surface of the blade are fixed, the lift-type blade is firmly and safely fixed to the annular body even when the chord length of the lift-type blade is long.

In the composite windmill described in (4) above, the number of blade arrangement sections is the number obtained by dividing the outer periphery of the annular body by the chord length of the lift type blade , and the lift type disposed in the upper and lower blade arrangement sections. Since the upper and lower phases of the blades are varied in the circumferential direction by a distance corresponding to the chord length of the lift type blades , the upper and lower lift type blades always face each other against the airflow from one direction and generate wind force. receive.

It is a principal part vertical front view of Example 1 of the compound windmill which concerns on this invention. It is a top view of the compound windmill shown in FIG. It is an enlarged vertical front view which shows the relationship between the horizontal main axis | shaft and vertical main axis | shaft in FIG. It is a front view of one blade arrangement | positioning area in Example 2 of a composite windmill. It is a top view except the support | pillar in FIG. It is a top view which shows the phase of a lift type | mold blade . It is a top view of one blade arrangement | positioning area in Example 3 of a composite windmill.

  The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  In FIG. 1, the support frame (2) of the combined wind turbine (1) has a plurality of support posts (3) arranged around the vertical main shaft (7) arranged between the upper and lower shaft supports (4). A plurality of the support bodies (4) are stepped and are integrally framed, and a bearing (5) is provided at the center of the plane of each shaft support body (4).

Specifically, the shaft support (4) is integrally formed by an outer frame (4a) assembled in a square shape in plan view and a plurality of middle frames (4b), and the center of the middle frame (4b). A bearing (5) is disposed in the part.
One vertical main shaft (7) penetrating each of the upper and lower bearings (5) is rotatably supported. The lower end of the longitudinal main shaft (7) is connected to the generator (8).

A blade arrangement section (6) is provided between the shaft supports (4) adjacent to each other in the vertical direction , and a vertical shaft rotor (18) is provided for each blade arrangement section (6). That is, the vertical lift type blade (9) is mounted on the vertical main shaft (7) via the upper and lower blade supports (10). The upper and lower ends of the lift type blade (9) are inclined portions (9a) that are inclined in the direction of the longitudinal main shaft (7).

  The upper end of the vertical main shaft (7) protrudes above the support frame (2) and, as shown in FIG. 3, the bearing portion of the support base (11) mounted on the upper surface of the uppermost shaft support (4). Supported by (11b). The support base (11) has a bearing portion (11b) formed on the leg portion (11a), and the longitudinal main shaft (7) passes through the inner cavity of the bearing portion (11b) and protrudes upward. A transmission means (12) composed of a bevel gear is fixed to the upper end of the vertical main shaft (7). In the rotating part between the support base (11) and the casing (13), the bearing is not shown.

A shaft tube (13a) hanging from the front portion of the wind turbine housing (13) is rotatably fitted on the bearing portion (11b) of the support base (11). The windmill housing (13) is long in the front and rear direction, and the horizontal main shaft (14) is rotatably mounted inside.The rear portion of the horizontal main shaft (14) protrudes outward from the rear end of the windmill housing (13). A horizontal shaft rotor (15) having a plurality of vertical rotor blades (16 ) is fixed to the protrusion.
Tips of the rotor blades (16) are inclined portion inclined forwardly and (16 a). Reference numeral ( 17 ) denotes a rudder provided vertically on both rear and outer sides of the wind turbine casing (13).

  A transmission means (12) made of a bevel gear is fixed to the tip of the horizontal main shaft (14) and engaged with the transmission means (12) at the upper end of the vertical main shaft (7). Along with the rotation of the horizontal main shaft (14), the vertical main shaft (7) also rotates together via the transmission means (12) (12).

In the composite wind turbine (1) configured as described above, when wind blows, the wind rudder (16) receives wind, and the wind turbine casing (13) faces the windward side, so that the rotor blade (16) The rotor blade (16) is rotated with the head facing leeward.

Along with this, the horizontal main shaft (14) rotates, and the rotational force is transmitted to the vertical main shaft (7) via the transmission means (12) and (12) to co-rotate. With the rotation of the longitudinal main shaft (7), the lift-type blade (9) rotates, and the rotational speed of the rotor (15 ) is gradually accelerated by the lift of the shape of the lift-type blade (9).

That is, the horizontal axis rotor blade (16 ) has higher wind turbine efficiency and starts to rotate faster. The vertical axis wind turbine lift type blade (9) has a slow start of rotation and the wind turbine efficiency is lower than that of the rotor blade (16 ). Therefore, when the gear ratio of the transmission means (12) is changed and synchronized, the horizontal main shaft (14) and the vertical main shaft (7) are synchronized.

The wind speed is higher at a higher position from the ground. This means that the rotor blade (16) rotates faster and leads to the rotation of the lift-type blade (9) that starts slowly.
When the rotation starts, the vertical axis wind turbine is accelerated and rotated at high speed by the lift force inevitably generated from the airfoil shape of the lift type blade (9).
According to the wind tunnel experiment, it has been confirmed that the lift type blade (9) having the inclined portion (9a) at the upper and lower portions has a 40% increase in wind turbine efficiency as compared with the vertical blade of the straight blade.

The chord length of the lift type blade (9) is set long. Accordingly, the rotation start is slow, but when the rotation starts, the wind receiving area is large, so that the rotation is performed at a high speed and the shaft torque is also increased. In particular, the inclined portion (9a) of the lift-type blade (9) has a wind collecting action, and is combined with the length of the chord length to affect the rotational speed.

FIG. 4 is a front view of one blade arrangement section (6) in Embodiment 2 of the vertical axis wind turbine, and FIG. 5 is a plan view thereof. The same parts as those in the previous example are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
In Example 2, the blade support (10) includes a shaft portion (10a) fixed to the longitudinal main shaft (7), a plurality of support arms (10b) projecting radially from the shaft portion (10a), It is comprised from the annular body (10c) supported by the outer end of the support arm (10b).

The front and rear portions of the inner peripheral surface of the lift-type blade (9) are fixed to the outer periphery of the annular body (10c) by fixed bodies (9b) and (9b). That is, since the chord length of the lift-type blade (9) is a wide range of 50% or more of the radius of rotation, in order to improve stability and rigidity, two places in the front and rear parts in the chord length direction are fixed (9b ) (9b).

In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of upper and lower blade supports (10) are provided for each blade arrangement section (6), and a plurality of upper and lower blade supports (10) are provided. The lift type blade (9) is fixed. The front and rear fixed bodies (9b) arranged in the chord length direction are arranged on the inner surface of the lift type blade (9) facing the main shaft (7). It is fixed to 10c).

In this way, the lift-type blade (9) is fixed to the annular body (10c) of the upper and lower blade supports (10) with the fixed body (9b) at the upper and lower portions, so that the stability is high. , Excellent in rigidity. If necessary, the blade support (10) can have three stages, and the fixed body (9b) can also have three stages.
The fixed body (9b) may be one long in the front-rear direction or three in the front-rear direction, depending on the string length of the lift-type blade (9).

Note in the upper and lower blade arrangement設区(6), the planar phase of the lift type blade is disposed in each of (9), by a distance of chord length equivalent lift type blade (9), so as to違差Arrange. In FIG. 6, the plane phases of the lift type blades (9) are different by about 45 degrees between the upper and lower ones.

Thus, the two blades are respectively disposed in the four-stage blade arrangement section (6). If the blade arrangement section (6) has five stages, it is made to differ by 36 degrees. In that case, the chord length of the lift type blade (9) can be made small so that the upper and lower lift type blades (9) do not overlap in plan view. As a result, even in the airflow from one direction, any one of the upper and lower lift type blades (9) faces the airflow, and the wind force can be used effectively.

FIG. 7 shows an embodiment in which the lift type blade (9) of the vertical axis wind turbine has one blade for each blade arrangement section (6).
At the same level, one lift-type blade (9) can be rotated at a high speed by about 20% more than one. In one blade arrangement section (6) with respect to the longitudinal main shaft (7), the blade support (10) is a two-forked support arm (10b) protruding radially from the shaft (10a). These are arranged in a plurality of stages.

If the chord length of the lift-type blade (9) is 30% of the rotation diameter, for example, the chord length is long, so the front and rear parts of the chord length are perpendicular to the tip of the upper and lower bifurcated support arms (10b). Can be fixed to.
In the upper and lower blade arrangement sections (6), the lift type blade (9) has a phase difference in plan view for each distance corresponding to the chord length.

In this embodiment, a plurality of support arms (10b) can be used, the ring body (10c) can be fixed to the tip of the support arm (10c) as in the previous example, and the lift-type blade (9) can be fixed to the ring body (10c). Is natural. That is, by using the annular body (10c), the rotational balance of the longitudinal main shaft (7) can be stabilized even if there is one lift type blade (9).

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said Example, A design change can be suitably performed according to the objective. For example, a centrifugal clutch, a clutch controlled by a controller, or the like can be interposed in the transmission means (12).

  Since rotation startability is excellent and a large shaft torque can be obtained, it can be used as a wind power generator that can be installed without any particular location.

(1) Combined windmill
(2) Support frame
(3) Prop
(4) Shaft support
(4a) Outer frame
(4b) Middle pier
(5) Bearing
(6) Feather arrangement zone
(7) Vertical spindle
(8) Generator
(9) Lift type blade
(9a) Inclined part
(9b) Fixed body
(10) Blade support
(10a) Shaft
(10b) Support arm
(10c) Ring body
(11) Stand
(11a) Leg
(11b) Bearing
(12) Transmission means
(13) Windmill housing
(13a) Shaft tube
(14) Horizontal spindle
(15) Horizontal axis rotor
(16) Rotor blade
(16a) Inclined part
(17) Rudder (18) Vertical axis rotor

Claims (4)

The horizontal upper and lower shaft support comprising a bearing in the center, inside the support frame body in which the framework on high with a plurality of struts, one with a lift type blade was inclined portion inclined upper and lower blade tip inwardly The vertical main shaft is supported by a bearing, and the upper end of the vertical main shaft protrudes upward from the support frame , and is supported by the shaft portion of the support base at the top of the support frame. A front blade is mounted, and a rotor blade having an inclined portion in which the blade tip of the blade is inclined forward is mounted on the rear end of the horizontal main shaft that protrudes rearward from the inside of the housing. The front end of the horizontal main shaft and the upper end of the vertical main shaft The rotor blades are always connected to the leeward side of the longitudinal main shaft by a rudder provided on the rear side of the outer surface of the casing so that the rotor blades can be interlocked with each other through transmission means. In the support frame, a blade arrangement section is formed between a pair of upper and lower bearings in the upper and lower shaft supports, and a lift type blade perpendicular to the longitudinal main shaft is arranged for each blade arrangement section. The composite windmill according to claim 1, wherein: The blade support disposed on the vertical main shaft for each blade arrangement section supports the ring body at the tip of a plurality of support arms fixed in the radial direction on the shaft fixed to the vertical main shaft. The composite windmill according to claim 2, wherein the front and rear portions in the chord direction on the inner surface of the vertical lift-type blade are fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the ring body. The number of the blade arrangement sections is the number obtained by dividing the outer periphery of the annular body by the chord length of the lift type blade, and the upper and lower phases of the lift type blades disposed in the upper and lower blade arrangement sections are defined as the lift type blades. 4. The composite wind turbine according to claim 3, wherein a distance corresponding to the chord length of each is different in the circumferential direction.

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