JP4882357B2 - Semiconductor device drive circuit - Google Patents

Semiconductor device drive circuit Download PDF

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JP4882357B2
JP4882357B2 JP2005349332A JP2005349332A JP4882357B2 JP 4882357 B2 JP4882357 B2 JP 4882357B2 JP 2005349332 A JP2005349332 A JP 2005349332A JP 2005349332 A JP2005349332 A JP 2005349332A JP 4882357 B2 JP4882357 B2 JP 4882357B2
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semiconductor element
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栄喜 土橋
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Fuji Electric Co Ltd
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この発明は、自己消弧形半導体素子それぞれをブリッジ接続し、これらの半導体素子それぞれの駆動回路により直流電圧を所望の交流電圧に変換する電力変換装置における前記駆動回路に関する。   The present invention relates to the drive circuit in the power conversion device in which each of the self-extinguishing semiconductor elements is bridge-connected, and a DC voltage is converted into a desired AC voltage by a drive circuit of each of the semiconductor elements.

図４はこの種の電力変換装置の代表的な従来例を示し、インバータ装置の主要部分の回路構成図である。この図において、１，２は自己消弧形半導体素子としてのＩＧＢＴ、３，４はＩＧＢＴ１，２それぞれに逆並列接続されるダイオード、５は図示のように＋，−の極性で示される整流電源などからの直流電圧を平滑する直流コンデンサ、１０はＩＧＢＴ１のゲート駆動回路、２０はＩＧＢＴ２のゲート駆動回路、３０は図示のようにブリッジ接続したＩＧＢＴ１，２からの交流出力より所望の交流電圧を得るために、ゲート駆動回路１０，２０にオン・オフ信号を送出するインバータ制御回路である。なお、ゲート駆動回路１０，２０とインバータ制御回路３０は周知の技術により形成されている。
特開２００４−１２９３７８号公報 FIG. 4 shows a typical conventional example of this type of power conversion device, and is a circuit configuration diagram of the main part of the inverter device. In this figure, 1 and 2 are IGBTs as self-extinguishing semiconductor elements, 3 and 4 are diodes connected in reverse parallel to the IGBTs 1 and 2, respectively, and 5 is a rectified power source indicated by + and-polarities as shown in the figure. DC capacitor for smoothing DC voltage from, etc., 10 is a gate drive circuit of IGBT1, 20 is a gate drive circuit of IGBT2, 30 is a desired AC voltage from AC output from IGBTs 1 and 2 bridge-connected as shown in the figure Therefore, the inverter control circuit sends an on / off signal to the gate drive circuits 10 and 20. The gate drive circuits 10 and 20 and the inverter control circuit 30 are formed by a known technique.
JP 2004-129378 A

図４に示した従来の電力変換装置において、ゲート駆動回路１０，２０に、例えば上記特許文献１に記載されているような保護機能を付加することが行われているが、このときには、一般的で入手が容易な通常の自己消弧形半導体素子に代えて、電流センス端子付きの自己消弧形半導体素子を用いるなどの難点があった。   In the conventional power converter shown in FIG. 4, for example, a protection function as described in Patent Document 1 is added to the gate drive circuits 10 and 20, but in this case, However, it is difficult to use a self-extinguishing semiconductor element with a current sense terminal instead of a normal self-extinguishing semiconductor element that is easily available.

また、この電力変換装置に何らかの原因で不具合が発生し、その原因を究明するのにＩＧＢＴなどの構成部品を該装置から取り外すときには、感電事故などを防止するために、測定器を用いて回路に電圧が充電されていないことを確認する作業が必要であった。   In addition, when a problem occurs in this power conversion device for some reason, and when removing a component such as an IGBT from the device to investigate the cause, in order to prevent an electric shock accident, etc. It was necessary to confirm that the voltage was not charged.

この発明の目的は、上記問題点を解決した電力変換装置における半導体素子の駆動回路を提供することにある。   An object of the present invention is to provide a drive circuit for a semiconductor element in a power conversion device that solves the above-described problems.

この第１の発明は、自己消弧形半導体素子それぞれをブリッジ接続し、これらの半導体素子それぞれの駆動回路により直流電圧を所望の交流電圧に変換する電力変換装置において、前記駆動回路それぞれに、対応する前記半導体素子の主端子間電圧の分圧電圧と該半導体素子へのオン・オフ信号とに基づいて前記電力変換装置の動作が正常か否かを判定する論理回路と、前記分圧電圧の有無を目視できる目視回路とを備えたことを特徴とする。   The first aspect of the present invention is a power converter that bridges each self-extinguishing semiconductor element and converts a DC voltage into a desired AC voltage by a drive circuit of each of these semiconductor elements. A logic circuit for determining whether or not the operation of the power converter is normal based on a divided voltage of a voltage between main terminals of the semiconductor element and an on / off signal to the semiconductor element; And a visual circuit capable of visually confirming the presence or absence.

第２の発明は前記第１の発明において、前記論理回路は、前記半導体素子へオン信号が与えられているときに前記分圧電圧が有りならば異常で無しならば正常と判定する構成であることを特徴とする。   According to a second invention, in the first invention, the logic circuit is determined to be normal if the divided voltage is present and abnormal if the divided voltage is present when an ON signal is applied to the semiconductor element. It is characterized by that.

第３の発明は前記第１又は第２の発明において、前記分圧電圧は、前記半導体素子のコレクタまたはドレイン端子に第１抵抗と第２抵抗との直列回路の一端を接続し、この直列回路の他端を該半導体素子のエミッタまたはソース端子に接続したときの第２抵抗の両端電圧としたことを特徴とする。   According to a third invention, in the first or second invention, the divided voltage is obtained by connecting one end of a series circuit of a first resistor and a second resistor to a collector or drain terminal of the semiconductor element. The other end of the second resistor is the voltage across the second resistor when connected to the emitter or source terminal of the semiconductor element.

第４の発明は前記第３の発明において、前記第２抵抗と前記目視回路としての発光ダイオードとの直列回路を新たな第２抵抗としたことを特徴とする。   A fourth invention is characterized in that, in the third invention, a series circuit of the second resistor and the light emitting diode as the visual circuit is a new second resistor.

第５の発明は前記第３の発明において、前記第２抵抗の両端に前記目視回路としての第３抵抗と発光ダイオードの直列回路を並列接続し、この並列回路を新たな第２抵抗としたことを特徴とする。   According to a fifth invention, in the third invention, a series circuit of a third resistor and a light emitting diode as the visual circuit is connected in parallel to both ends of the second resistor, and the parallel circuit is used as a new second resistor. It is characterized by.

この発明によれば、前記電力変換装置における従来の半導体素子の駆動回路に簡単な回路構成を付加することで、この電力変換装置の動作が正常か否かを判定できると共に、該装置に電圧が充電されているか否かも目視することができる。   According to the present invention, by adding a simple circuit configuration to the conventional semiconductor element driving circuit in the power converter, it is possible to determine whether or not the operation of the power converter is normal, and the voltage is applied to the device. Whether the battery is charged can also be visually checked.

図１はこの発明の実施の形態を示す電力変換装置としてのインバータ装置の主要部分の回路構成図であり、この図において、図４に示した従来例構成と同一機能を有するものには同一符号を付している。   FIG. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram of a main part of an inverter device as a power conversion device showing an embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, components having the same functions as those in the conventional configuration shown in FIG. Is attached.

すなわち、図１において、５１，７１又は５２，７２はＩＧＢＴ１，２それぞれに対するこの発明の駆動回路を示し、また、４１，６１は第１抵抗としての抵抗である。   That is, in FIG. 1, 51, 71 or 52, 72 indicate drive circuits of the present invention for the IGBTs 1, 2, respectively, and 41, 61 are resistors as first resistors.

図２はこの発明の第１の実施例を示し、図１に示した駆動回路５１の詳細回路構成図であり、この図において、１０ａは従来のゲート駆動回路１０に後述の動作をする回路を付加したゲート駆動回路、４２は第２抵抗としての抵抗、５３は発光ダイオード、５４は論理回路である。   FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, and is a detailed circuit diagram of the drive circuit 51 shown in FIG. 1. In this figure, reference numeral 10a denotes a circuit for performing the operation described later on the conventional gate drive circuit 10. An added gate drive circuit, 42 is a resistor as a second resistor, 53 is a light emitting diode, and 54 is a logic circuit.

この論理回路５４では、図１に示したインバータ装置が動作中で、インバータ制御回路３０からオン信号が与えられているときに抵抗４２と発光ダイオード５３の直列回路の両端電圧、すなわち、ＩＧＢＴ１のコレクタ−エミッタ端子間電圧が有りならば該インバータ装置を形成するＩＧＢＴ１などが異常で、無しならば正常と判定し、この判定結果をゲート駆動回路１０ａに伝達し、ゲート駆動回路１０ａでは異常と判定されたときにはＩＧＢＴ１への駆動信号の出力を停止し、異常による損傷の拡大を阻止するようにしている。なお、図１に示した駆動回路７１は、図２に示した駆動回路５１と同様の回路構成である。   In this logic circuit 54, when the inverter device shown in FIG. 1 is in operation and the ON signal is given from the inverter control circuit 30, the voltage across the resistor 42 and the light emitting diode 53, that is, the collector of the IGBT 1 -If the voltage between the emitter terminals is present, the IGBT 1 forming the inverter device is abnormal, and if it is absent, it is determined to be normal, and the determination result is transmitted to the gate drive circuit 10a, and the gate drive circuit 10a is determined to be abnormal. In such a case, the output of the drive signal to the IGBT 1 is stopped to prevent the expansion of damage due to the abnormality. Note that the drive circuit 71 shown in FIG. 1 has the same circuit configuration as the drive circuit 51 shown in FIG.

この駆動回路５１を用いることで上述の異常などにより、ＩＧＢＴ１などを前記インバータ装置から取り外すときには、直流コンデンサ５の電荷の放電も含めて該装置に電圧が充電されていないことを発光ダイオード５３の消灯により容易に目視することができる。   When the IGBT 1 or the like is removed from the inverter device due to the above-described abnormality or the like by using the drive circuit 51, the light-emitting diode 53 is turned off when the voltage is not charged in the device including the discharge of the charge of the DC capacitor 5. Can be easily observed.

図３はこの発明の第２の実施例を示し、図１に示した駆動回路５２の詳細回路構成図であり、この図において、図２に示した駆動回路５１の回路構成と同一機能を有するものには同一符号を付している。   FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, and is a detailed circuit configuration diagram of the drive circuit 52 shown in FIG. 1, which has the same function as the circuit configuration of the drive circuit 51 shown in FIG. The same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the thing.

すなわち、この駆動回路５２では第２抵抗としての抵抗４３の両端に第３抵抗としての抵抗５５と、発光ダイオード５６との直列回路が並列接続されている。従って、論理回路５４は抵抗４３の両端電圧に基づいて先述の判定動作を行うようにしている。なお、図１に示した駆動回路７２は、図３に示した駆動回路５２と同様の回路構成である。   That is, in this drive circuit 52, a series circuit of a resistor 55 as a third resistor and a light emitting diode 56 is connected in parallel to both ends of a resistor 43 as a second resistor. Therefore, the logic circuit 54 performs the above-described determination operation based on the voltage across the resistor 43. The drive circuit 72 shown in FIG. 1 has a circuit configuration similar to that of the drive circuit 52 shown in FIG.

この駆動回路５２を用いることで、ＩＧＢＴ１などを前記インバータ装置から取り外すときには、直流コンデンサ５の電荷の放電も含めて該装置に電圧が充電されていないことを発光ダイオード５６の消灯により容易に目視することができる。   By using this drive circuit 52, when the IGBT 1 or the like is removed from the inverter device, it is easily visually confirmed by turning off the light emitting diode 56 that the device is not charged, including the discharge of the charge of the DC capacitor 5. be able to.

この発明の実施の形態を示す電力変換装置の回路構成図The circuit block diagram of the power converter device which shows embodiment of this invention この発明の第１の実施例を示す半導体素子の駆動回路の構成図1 is a block diagram of a semiconductor element drive circuit showing a first embodiment of the present invention. この発明の第２の実施例を示す半導体素子の駆動回路の構成図Configuration diagram of a drive circuit of a semiconductor device showing a second embodiment of the present invention 従来の電力変換装置の回路構成図Circuit diagram of conventional power converter

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１，２…ＩＧＢＴ、３，４…ダイオード、５…直流コンデンサ、１０，１０ａ，２０…ゲート駆動回路、３０…インバータ制御回路、４１…抵抗、４２，４３…抵抗、５１，５２…駆動回路、５３，５６…発光ダイオード、５４…論理回路、５５…抵抗、６１…抵抗、７１，７２…駆動回路。

1, 2 ... IGBT, 3, 4 ... diode, 5 ... DC capacitor, 10, 10a, 20 ... gate drive circuit, 30 ... inverter control circuit, 41 ... resistor, 42, 43 ... resistor, 51, 52 ... drive circuit, 53, 56... Light emitting diode, 54... Logic circuit, 55... Resistor, 61.

Claims (5)

自己消弧形半導体素子それぞれをブリッジ接続し、これらの半導体素子それぞれの駆動回路により直流電圧を所望の交流電圧に変換する電力変換装置において、
前記駆動回路それぞれに、対応する前記半導体素子の主端子間電圧の分圧電圧と該半導体素子へのオン・オフ信号とに基づいて前記電力変換装置の動作が正常か否かを判定する論理回路と、前記分圧電圧の有無を目視できる目視回路とを備えたことを特徴とする半導体素子の駆動回路。 In the power conversion device that bridge-connects each self-extinguishing semiconductor element and converts a DC voltage into a desired AC voltage by a drive circuit of each of these semiconductor elements,
A logic circuit that determines whether or not the operation of the power converter is normal based on the divided voltage of the voltage between the main terminals of the corresponding semiconductor element and the on / off signal to the semiconductor element for each of the drive circuits And a visual circuit capable of visually confirming the presence or absence of the divided voltage. 前記論理回路は、前記半導体素子へオン信号が与えられているときに前記分圧電圧が有りならば異常で無しならば正常と判定する構成であることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の半導体素子の駆動回路。   2. The semiconductor according to claim 1, wherein the logic circuit is configured to determine that if the divided voltage is present and abnormal if the divided voltage is present when the ON signal is applied to the semiconductor element, the normal is determined. Element drive circuit. 前記分圧電圧は、前記半導体素子のコレクタまたはドレイン端子に第１抵抗と第２抵抗との直列回路の一端を接続し、この直列回路の他端を該半導体素子のエミッタまたはソース端子に接続したときの第２抵抗の両端電圧としたことを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２に記載の半導体素子の駆動回路。   The divided voltage has one end of a series circuit of a first resistor and a second resistor connected to the collector or drain terminal of the semiconductor element, and the other end of the series circuit connected to the emitter or source terminal of the semiconductor element. 3. The semiconductor element driving circuit according to claim 1, wherein a voltage across the second resistor is used. 前記第２抵抗と前記目視回路としての発光ダイオードとの直列回路を新たな第２抵抗としたことを特徴とする請求項３に記載の半導体素子の駆動回路。   4. The semiconductor element driving circuit according to claim 3, wherein a series circuit of the second resistor and the light emitting diode as the visual circuit is a new second resistor. 前記第２抵抗の両端に、前記目視回路としての第３抵抗と発光ダイオードの直列回路を並列接続し、この並列回路を新たな第２抵抗としたことを特徴とする請求項３に記載の半導体素子の駆動回路。

4. The semiconductor according to claim 3, wherein a series circuit of a third resistor as a visual circuit and a light emitting diode is connected in parallel to both ends of the second resistor, and the parallel circuit is used as a new second resistor. Element drive circuit.

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