JP4879205B2 - Railcar panel and railcar frame, side structure, wife structure, roof structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a railcar panel and a railcar frame, a side structure, a wife structure, and a roof structure.

  Conventionally, aluminum alloy commuter rail vehicles are known, and the floor structure of such vehicles is generally composed of floorboards, floor coverings and floor coverings. The floor board is constituted by arranging a plate material (for example, an extruded profile having a double skin structure) along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body and welding the plate materials. The undercoat material for the floor covering is configured by applying urethane resin. The floor covering is made of a sheet material such as vinyl chloride resin, rubber, or polyolefin.

  In such a floor structure, even if the primer is applied on the floor plate, the swell of the welded portion (weld bead) may push up the primer and the floor covering, and may float on the surface of the floor covering. In order to avoid such bulging, it is necessary to cut and remove the bulge of the welded part by grinder finishing or machining which requires labor.

  Therefore, in order to omit such a bulging cutting operation of the welded portion, the welded portion of the plate material constituting the floor plate is provided in a recess recessed one step lower than the surface of the plate material, and the top of the welded portion is the floor plate surface. It has been proposed not to protrude above (the surface of the plate material) (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, the floor plate 101, the undercoat layer 102 of the floor covering layer, and the floor covering layer 103 are configured. Floor board 101, a plurality of plate members 101A, 101A and along a longitudinal direction of the car body disposed, they plate 101A, concave S recessed than the general surface 101Aa of the plate 101A in the abutting portion of the 101A 'and provided, the recess S' By providing the welded portions B ′ of the plate materials 101A and 101A inside, the surface of the welded portion B ′ is positioned inward of the general surface 101Aa of the plate material 101A. Here, the recess S ′ has a shape having an inner surface 101Ab extending in parallel with the general surface 101Aa, and ensures a large cross-sectional area of the space forming the recess S ′ . Here, the widths W11 and W12 of the concave portion S ′ and the welded portion B ′ are 20 mm and 12 mm, respectively, and the surplus H13 = 1.5 mm. The joint plate thickness H11 = 3 mm and the recess depth H12 = 2 mm. The thickness T11 of the undercoat layer 102 is 2 mm, and the thickness T12 of the floor covering 103 is 3 mm.

  However, in the structures described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 and the structure shown in FIG. 5, the welded portion of the plate material that constitutes the floor plate that is a part of the underframe is provided in a recess that is recessed one step lower than the surface of the plate material. Therefore, when the passenger load, the load of the equipment under the floor, etc. act on the floor plate and bend and deform, significant stress concentration may occur at the corner of the recess or the end of the welded portion.

  The present invention avoids stress concentration without causing the surface of the welded portion for joining the plate members to protrude from the surface (floor plate surface) of the plate member, and the rail vehicle panel and rail vehicle frame, side structure, and wife structure. The purpose is to provide a roof structure.

The invention according to claim 1 is a railcar panel in which end faces of at least two plate members extending in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle are welded side by side, and each plate member is inclined from the surface of each plate member toward the end surface. And an inclined surface formed continuously from the inclined surface and inclined toward the end surface, and an angle formed by the groove surface and the surface is between the inclined surface and the surface. greater than the angle Nasu, toe of the weld bead formed between each said plate member, Ri position near the inclined surface, the height of the weld bead is less than the surface of the plate, that Features.

According to this configuration, each of the plate members includes an inclined surface that is inclined from the surface of each of the plate members toward the end surface, and a groove surface that is continuously formed from the inclined surface and is inclined toward the end surface. An angle formed between the groove surface and the surface is larger than an angle formed between the inclined surface and the surface, and a toe portion of a weld bead formed between the plate members is formed on the inclined surface. position near is, since the height of the weld bead is less than the surface of the plate, even if bending deformation, stress concentration is avoided. In addition, the cross-sectional area of the recess can be made smaller than that of the structures described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 and the structure shown in FIG. 5, and when used for a floor board, the undercoat material constituting the undercoat layer When the amount used is small and it is used for side plates, the amount of putty (filling material used to fill the surface and fill small scratches and irregularities on the surface during the base treatment before painting) Less and better.

In this case, as described in claim 2, a difference between the height of the weld bead and the surface of the plate is approximately 0.5 mm, and the welding is performed from a contact point between the surface of the plate and the inclined surface. It is desirable that the width up to the toe end of the bead is approximately 1.5 mm.

  In this way, it is possible to easily realize the reduction of the cross-sectional area of the recess filled with the undercoat material constituting the undercoat layer while avoiding stress concentration.

As described in claim 3, a railcar panels double-skin structure having a first side plate portion and the second surface plate portion extending parallel respectively, the plate is at least the first surface plate portion and the second It can be set as the structure which is any one of a faceplate part.

  If it does in this way, it will become possible to butt-weld extruded shape members of a double skin structure so that the stress concentration by bending deformation can be reduced.

  In particular, when the plate material (face plate portion) is below the underframe and a pillow beam is provided, or when the plate material (face plate portion) is the inner plate of the side structure, a reinforcing bone is provided near the door opening. Since no weld bead has been provided, it is not necessary to perform conventional grinding by grinder finishing or machining.

The invention of claim 4 is a railcar frame which welds the end surfaces of at least two plate members extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle adjacent to each other, and an inclined surface inclined from the surface of each plate member toward the end surface; the formed continuously from the inclined surface, and groove surface inclined towards the end face, is formed between each of said plate members, Ri position near the stop end is the inclined surface, the height the plate of the and a weld bead is surface below the each said plate member is larger than an angle formed between the open tip surface and the angle is the inclined surface and the surface of the said surface, the surface and said each said plate member It comprises an undercoat layer provided on the weld bead and a floor covering provided on the undercoat layer.

  In this way, since the upper edge of the groove and the edge of the general surface are joined by the inclined surface, stress concentration is avoided even if bent and deformed. The sectional area of the recess can be made smaller than that of the structure shown in FIG. 4 or the structure shown in FIG. 4, and when used for a floor board, the amount of the undercoat material constituting the undercoat layer can be reduced.

The above-mentioned railcar panel can be used not only as a railcar frame that uses them as a floorboard, but also as an outer plate facing the outside of the vehicle body of a railcar structure such as a side structure, a wife structure or a roof structure. it can.

That is, the invention of claim 5 is a railway vehicle structure including an outer plate formed by welding end faces of at least two plate members extending in the vehicle longitudinal direction adjacent to each other, and from the surface of each plate member An inclined surface that is inclined toward the end surface, a groove surface that is formed continuously from the inclined surface and is inclined toward the end surface, and is formed between the plate members, and a toe portion of the inclined surface position near is, height and a weld bead is less than the surface of the plate, each of the larger than an angle between the open tip land and the angle is the inclined surface and the surface of said surface A plate material, an outer plate on the weld bead and having a putty filled in a gap formed between the plate materials, and a paint finish layer provided on the plate material and the putty. It is characterized by.

  In these cases, since the weld bead does not protrude from the surface of the outer plate of the side structure or the end structure, it can be applied as it is without being machined and simply filled with putty.

Further, since the weld bead does not protrude from the surface of the outer plate of the roof structure, it is only necessary to form an insulating layer or fill it with a putty to form a paint finish layer without mechanical finishing.

  In other words, in the case of a DC vehicle, when the overhead wire is cut, insulation is required for the roof structure, but since the weld bead does not protrude from the surface of the outer plate, the insulating material for the roof can be used without mechanical finishing. What is necessary is just to form a roof insulating layer by apply | coating (for example, Lontex-RF (vehicle roof coating material which uses a urethane resin as a main raw material)). In the case of an AC vehicle, such a roof insulation material cannot ensure insulation, so it usually has a paint finish, but the roof part also has a weld bead similar to the outer plate facing the exterior of the side structure and the wife structure. Since it does not protrude from the surface, it is possible to fill the concave portion with a putty and finish the coating without cutting by troublesome grinder finishing or machining.

In the present invention, as described above, each of the plate members is inclined from the surface of each of the plate members toward the end surface, and a groove formed continuously from the inclined surface and inclined toward the end surface. Since the angle formed by the groove surface and the surface is larger than the angle formed by the inclined surface and the surface, stress concentration can be avoided even if bending deformation occurs. In particular, since the toe portion of the weld bead is at the position of the inclined surface, the height of the weld bead is equal to or less than the surface of the plate member, and does not protrude from the surface of the plate member, it takes time and effort. Since it is not necessary to cut by machining, there is a significant reduction in the number of man-hours in the production of a railway vehicle structure. In addition, since the cross-sectional area of the recess can be made smaller than those described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, etc., when used for a floorboard, the amount of the undercoat material constituting the undercoat layer can be reduced, When used for side plates, the amount of putty used can be reduced.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a joint portion of a railcar panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an aluminum alloy floor board (railcar panel) used for a commuter railcar floor structure, and an undercoat layer 2 and a floor covering layer 3 are sequentially laminated on the upper side. The

  This floor board 1 arrange | positions several plate-shaped board | plate material 1A, 1A along a vehicle body longitudinal direction, welds each board | plate material 1A, 1A, and the welding part B is from surface 1Aa, 1Aa of each board | plate material 1A, 1A. Is also provided in the recessed recess S. Therefore, the welding line which joins plate material 1A, 1A is extended in the vehicle body longitudinal direction. Here, the floor plate 1 corresponds to one of the face plate portions of an extruded shape member having a double skin structure in which two face plate portions extending in parallel are joined at the web portion, and the other face plate portion and the web portion. Is not shown. In addition, 11 and 11 are groove surfaces which are provided at the end portions of the respective plate materials 1A and 1A and constitute a V-shaped groove. The groove angle θ is 70 °.

  The surface B1 of the welded portion B is disposed inward of the surfaces of the plate materials 1A and 1A (corresponding to the floor surface). Therefore, the welded part B does not protrude outward beyond the surface of the plate materials 1A, 1A.

  Further, the edge of the welded portion B is connected to the edge of the surfaces 1Aa and 1Aa of the plate materials 1A and 1A by the inclined surfaces 12 and 12 inclined with respect to the surfaces 1Aa and 1Aa of the plate materials 1A and 1A. That is, the upper end edge of the groove surfaces 11 and 11 and the edge of the general surfaces 1Aa and 1Aa of the plate members 1A and 1A (facing the recess S) are connected by the inclined surfaces 12 and 12, respectively.

  In this embodiment, the width ΔL1 of the inclined portion 12 between the edges of the surfaces 1Aa and 1Aa of the plate members 1A and 1A and the edge of the welded portion B is about 1.5 mm. The surface B1 of the welded portion B is located inward by about ΔL2 = 0.5 mm from the surfaces 1Aa and 1Aa of the plate members 1A and 1A (the surface of the floor plate 1). Here, as an example of other dimensional relationships, the thickness of the plate 1A is 5 mm, the groove surface 11 has a height H1 = 3 mm, an inclined surface H2 = 2 mm, and the width W1 of the recess S = 15 mm. Further, the lower end edge of the groove surface 11 has a gap of W2 = 1 mm, and the welded portion B extends from the center by W3 = 6 mm in the left-right width direction.

  The undercoat layer 2 of the floor covering layer 3 is configured as a urethane resin layer applied on the surface of the floor board 1 (surfaces 1Aa and 1Aa of the board materials 1A and 1A) including the inside of the recess S with a thickness of about T1 = 2 mm. ing. The floor covering layer 3 is made of a sheet material such as vinyl chloride resin, rubber, or polyolefin, and has a thickness T2 of about 3 mm.

Subsequently, an evenly distributed load 9123 N / m ² corresponding to passengers / equipment is applied to the floor plate formed by the extruded shape of the double skin structure in which the two face plate portions extending in parallel are joined at the web portion. The results of analyzing the stress distribution when added for the above-described embodiment of the present invention and the conventional example (structure shown in FIG. 5) will be described.

  First, as a premise, when an evenly distributed load equivalent to passenger equipment acts on the floorboard, the floorboard is bent and deformed so as to protrude downward, so when the floorboard is made of an extruded profile with a double skin structure In the upper and lower surface plate portions, compressive stress acts on the upper face plate portion, and tensile stress acts on the lower face plate portion. Therefore, in the structure in which the joint is provided in the concave portion so that the weld portion does not protrude from the surface of the face plate portion, stress concentration occurs at a position near the concave portion, which may cause a decrease in fatigue strength. Therefore, this point was examined by analysis.

  FIGS. 3A to 3D show stress distributions in LINE1 to LINE4 of the floor board analysis model shown in FIG. 2, respectively, and the parts in LINE1 to 4 are parts that greatly affect the fatigue strength.

  FIG. 3A shows the stress distribution on the surface side of the upper side plate portion. In the conventional example, the nominal stress is about −40 MPa, whereas the concentrated stress reaches about −140 MPa, and the stress concentration coefficient is 3 or more. On the other hand, in the structure of the present embodiment, the concentrated stress is about −60 MPa, so the stress concentration factor is 1.5 at most.

  FIG. 3B shows the stress distribution on the back side of the upper side plate portion. In the conventional example, the stress value changes as the stress alternates. However, the structure of this embodiment has a smooth stress distribution.

FIG. 3C shows the stress distribution on the back side of the lower side plate portion, and the behavior is the same as in FIG.

  FIG. 3D shows the stress distribution on the surface side of the lower side plate portion. In the conventional example, the nominal stress is about 40 MPa, whereas the concentrated stress reaches about 170 MPa, and the stress concentration coefficient is 4 or more. On the other hand, in the structure of this embodiment, the concentrated stress is a little less than 80 MPa, and the stress concentration factor is 2 at most.

  From these analysis results, it can be seen that when the conventional structure and the structure according to the embodiment of the present invention are compared, the concentrated stress is greatly relieved and the stress concentration coefficient is about half or less.

  Although the said embodiment demonstrated the case where it uses for a floor board, it can also be used for a side board. In this case, since the cross-sectional area of the concave portion is reduced, the stress concentration against bending deformation is reduced, and the amount of putty used for coating is reduced, and the angle of the stepped portion is relaxed. Therefore, the effect that the crack of the coating is prevented is obtained.

  Further, if the joint structure is as described above, the cross-sectional area of the space in the recess is reduced, so that when filling other members on the face plate portion in the direction perpendicular to the welding line between the face slopes However, even if fillet welding is performed continuously on the weld line, there is no problem in quality. In the ones described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the cross-sectional area of the space in the recess is large, and fillet welding is difficult to be formed at that portion.

  Then, the result of having done the fatigue strength test about the butt joint is shown in FIG. FIG. 4 shows (a) single-sided butt joint (thickness 2.3 mm, as welded), (b) single-sided butt joint (backing integrated type) as fatigue data according to this example and general fatigue data of butt joints. , Plate thickness 2.3 mm, surface weld bead grinding removal).

  According to FIG. 4, it can be seen that the fatigue strength according to the present example has the same fatigue strength as that of a general single-sided butt joint obtained so far.

  As described above, the test piece according to the present example is welded with a refractive V-groove, and the vicinity of the weld toe is concave to reduce the plate thickness by about 5%. On the other hand, the stress concentration ratio at the weld toe is 1.49 on average and about 1.72 at most at the maximum. The general stress concentration at the weld toe in the butt MIG welded joint of A6N01S-T5 The rate is lower than 1.7-4.6.

  In other words, in this example, it is considered that the fatigue strength is lowered by providing the refractive V-groove and reducing the cross-sectional area in this embodiment, but the weld bead toe shape is smooth and the stress concentration is relaxed. The fatigue strength is improved, and as a result, the fatigue strength of the butt joint of this example is considered to be equivalent to the fatigue strength of a conventional general butt joint.

  In addition to the embodiment described above, the present invention can be modified as follows.

  (i) In the above-described embodiment, the floor plate is formed by using an extruded shape member having a double skin structure in which two face plate portions extending in parallel are connected by a web portion. Of course it is good.

  (ii) In the embodiment described above, the plate material of the railcar panel can be used not only as a railcar frame using the railcar panel as a floor plate but also as an outer plate of the side structure. In that case, the surface of the welded portion in the recess may be filled with putty, and a paint finish layer may be formed thereon. This is because the weld bead does not protrude from the surface of the outer plate of the side structure or the wife structure, so that it is not necessary to grind by troublesome grinder finishing or machining, and it is only necessary to fill it with a putty and apply it as it is.

  (iii) Similarly, it can also be used as the outer plate of the wife structure. In this case, the structure may be such that the surface of the welded portion is filled with a putty in the recess, and a paint finish layer is formed thereon.

  (iv) It can also be used as a roof structure. In this case, the structure may be filled in by forming an insulating layer on the surface of the welded portion in the recess. In the case of a DC vehicle, when the overhead wire is cut, the roof structure is required to have insulation, but since the weld bead does not protrude from the surface of the outer plate, the roof insulation ( For example, the roof insulating layer may be formed by applying Lonetex-RF (vehicle roof coating material containing urethane resin as a main material). In the case of an AC vehicle, such a roof insulation material cannot ensure insulation, so it usually has a paint finish, but the roof part also has a weld bead similar to the outer plate facing the exterior of the side structure and the wife structure. Since it does not protrude from the surface, it is possible to fill the recess with a putty and finish the coating without shaving by troublesome grinder finishing or machining.

It is sectional drawing which shows the junction part of the panel for rail vehicles which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the analysis model of a floor board. (A)-(d) is explanatory drawing of the analysis result in LINE1-4 of FIG. 2, respectively. It is a figure which compares and shows the fatigue data by a present Example, and general fatigue data about a butt-welded joint. It is a figure similar to FIG. 1 about a prior art example.

Explanation of symbols

S concave part B welded part B1 surface 1 floor board (face plate part)
1A plate material 1Aa surface 11 groove surface 12 inclined surface

Claims (5)

A railcar panel in which end faces of at least two plate members extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle are welded side by side,
Each said plate is
An inclined surface inclined from the surface of each plate member toward the end surface;
A groove surface formed continuously from the inclined surface and inclined toward the end surface;
An angle formed between the groove surface and the surface is larger than an angle formed between the inclined surface and the surface, and a toe portion of a weld bead formed between the plate members is located at the position of the inclined surface. Ah it is, the height of the weld bead is less than the surface of the plate, panel for railway vehicles. The difference between the height of the weld bead and the surface of the plate is approximately 0.5 mm;
The railcar panel according to claim 1, wherein a width from a contact point between the surface of the plate and the inclined surface to a toe end of the weld bead is approximately 1.5 mm. A railcar panel having a double skin structure having a first face plate portion and a second face plate portion extending in parallel,
The rail vehicle panel according to claim 1, wherein the plate member is at least one of the first face plate portion and the second face plate portion. A railcar frame that welds adjacent end faces of at least two plates extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle,
An inclined surface inclined from the surface of each plate member toward the end surface, a groove surface formed continuously from the inclined surface and inclined toward the end surface, and formed between each of the plate members, and a toe part is Ri position near the inclined surface, formed by the height and a weld bead is less than the surface of the plate, the GMA surface and the angle is the inclined surface and the surface of said surface Each plate material larger than an angle;
An undercoat layer provided on the surface of each plate and the weld bead;
A railcar frame comprising a floor covering provided on the undercoat layer. A structure of a railway vehicle including an outer plate formed by welding end faces of at least two plate members extending in the vehicle longitudinal direction next to each other,
An inclined surface inclined from the surface of each plate member toward the end surface, a groove surface formed continuously from the inclined surface and inclined toward the end surface, and formed between each of the plate members, and a toe part is Ri position near the inclined surface, formed by the height and a weld bead is less than the surface of the plate, the GMA surface and the angle is the inclined surface and the surface of said surface Each plate material larger than an angle;
On the weld bead, a putty filled in a gap formed between the plate members,
A structure of a railway vehicle comprising an outer plate having each plate member and a paint finish layer provided on the putty.

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