JP4869992B2 - Transmission lubrication structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a lubricating structure for a transmission.

In the transmission, there is a splash lubrication system in which the lubricating oil stored at the bottom of the transmission is scraped up by the rotating transmission gear in order to ensure the lubricity of each sliding part such as the transmission gear and the synchro mechanism. (Patent Document 1). Also, a forced lubrication system is often employed in which lubricating oil is supplied from the oil gallery of the main shaft to the sliding portions of each stage using an oil pump.
Utility Kaihei 07-001354

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an existing transmission. In FIG. 4, 10 is a drive shaft, 11 is a main shaft supported coaxially with the drive shaft 10, and 12 is a counter shaft supported in parallel with the main shaft 11. A plurality of main gears 13a to 13f are disposed on the main shaft 11, and counter gears 14a to 14c, 14e, and 14f that mesh with the main gears 13a to 13c, 13e, and 13f are disposed on the counter shaft 12. Reference numeral 17 denotes a drive gear of the drive shaft 10, and a drive gear 18 that meshes with the drive gear is disposed on the counter shaft 12. An idler gear 16 relays the main gear 13d and the countershaft gear 14d.
Synchro mechanisms 21 to 23 are interposed between the drive gear 17 and the main gear 13a, between the main gear 13b and the main gear 13c, and between the main gear 13e and the main gear 13f. Reference numerals 25 to 27 denote shift sleeves between the drive gear 17 and the main gear 13a, between the main gear 13b and the main gear 13c, and between the main gear 13e and the main gear 13f. By the operation of the shift fork, the neutral position and its front and rear In the process of stroke from the neutral position to the shift position while stroking between the three positions with the shift position, the synchro mechanism is operated. Reference numeral 30 denotes a shift sleeve of the main gear 13d (in this case, a reverse gear), which strokes between two positions of a neutral position and a shift position by the operation of the shift fork. The main gears 13a to 13c and 13e are synchro stages having a synchro mechanism, and the main gears 13d and 13f are non-synchro stages having no synchro mechanism, and the shift sleeve 30 of the non-sync stage is the main gear 13c (synchro stage). Arranged on the back side.

  Lubricating oil is stored in the bottom of the transmission, and a weir 31 is provided to regulate the lubricating oil moving in the front-rear direction. The lubricating oil is scraped up by the rotating drive gear 18 and counter gears 14a to 14f, and lubricates the sliding portions such as the main gears 13a to 13f and the synchro mechanisms 21 to 23. For the main gears 13c to 13f of the gear stage having a relatively small counter gear diameter, oil holes 32 to 35 penetrating between the tooth surface and the shaft hole 37 are formed, and the lubricating oil adhering to the tooth surface is supplied to each gear train. The oil can be fed from the oil holes 32 to 35 to the shaft hole 37 (bearing 36) by the pressurizing action accompanying the engagement of the oil.

  In such a transmission, in order to secure the amount of oil to the synchro mechanism that requires lubrication, the amount of lubricating oil stored in the transmission is increased, and a gear cover is provided so that the lubricating oil can be efficiently scraped. Measures such as forcibly supplying lubricating oil with a pump can be considered. Regarding these measures, in addition to the increase in weight, there is a problem in that a gear cover is provided and lubricating oil is forcibly supplied by an oil pump, resulting in a complicated configuration in the transmission and an increase in cost. .

  In the case of the forced lubrication type, the oil hole of the gear is blocked in order to avoid interference between the lubricating oil supplied to the shaft hole of the gear and the lubricating oil supplied from the oil pump due to the pressurizing action accompanying the meshing of the gear train. Therefore, the amount of oil supplied to the synchro mechanism requiring lubrication is ensured by the lubricating oil supplied from the oil pump to the sliding portions (gear shaft holes) of each stage. For this reason, it is required to increase the capacity of the oil pump, and there may be a problem that the weight is increased and the cost is increased.

  An object of this invention is to make it easy to ensure the oil amount to the synchro mechanism which needs lubrication with a simple structure in view of such a subject.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a splash lubrication type transmission having a non-synchronized shift sleeve on a back surface portion sandwiching a gear with respect to a synchronization mechanism that requires lubrication, wherein a gap between a tooth surface of the gear and a shaft hole is provided. A through hole is provided, and the lubricating oil adhering to the tooth surface is fed from the oil hole to the shaft hole by the pressurizing action accompanying the meshing of the gear, and further supplied from the shaft hole to the front side and the back side of the gear. configured to be the to form an annular recess around its shaft hole at the rear of the gear, said as a means of the shift sleeve to regulate the flow of the lubricating oil passing through the recess when the neutral position a lubrication structure of a transmission, wherein a convex portion having an inner diameter and can be fitted outside diameter to stroke direction of the shift sleeve recess provided in the shift sleeve.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a forced lubrication type transmission having a non-synchronized shift sleeve on a back surface sandwiching a gear with respect to a synchro mechanism that requires lubrication. The oil gallery is provided to supply the lubricating oil from the oil pump to the shaft hole of the gear via the main shaft, and the lubricating oil is provided from the shaft hole of the gear to the front side and the rear side of the gear. configured to be supplied to the said mateable outer diameter as a means for regulating the flow of the lubricating oil passing through the recess to the inner diameter and the stroke direction of the shift sleeve of the recess when the shift sleeve neutral position A transmission lubrication structure, wherein the shift sleeve has a convex portion having

  A third invention is characterized in that, in the first invention or the second invention, the convex portion of the shift sleeve releases the flow of the lubricating oil passing through the concave portion when the shift sleeve is in the shift position.

  According to a fourth invention, in any one of the first to third inventions, a seal is provided for sealing a gap between the outer diameter of the convex portion and the inner diameter of the concave portion when the shift sleeve is in the neutral position. It is characterized by that.

  According to a fifth invention, in any one of the first to third inventions, a labyrinth is provided for sealing a gap between the outer diameter of the convex portion and the inner diameter of the concave portion when the shift sleeve is in the neutral position. It is characterized by that.

  In the first invention, the lubricating oil stored at the bottom of the transmission is scraped up by the rotating transmission gear and lubricates each sliding portion. Lubricating oil adhering to the tooth surface of the gear is supplied from the tooth surface to the shaft hole through the oil hole by the pressurizing action accompanying the meshing of the gear. When the non-synchronous shift sleeve is in the neutral position, the fitting of the outer diameter of the convex portion and the inner diameter of the concave portion restricts the flow of lubricating oil through the concave portion, and the amount of oil from the gear shaft hole to the back side is reduced. Since it is rotated from the shaft hole to the front side, the amount of oil to the synchro mechanism requiring lubrication can be increased. That is, in the splash lubrication type transmission, it is possible to ensure an inexpensive amount of oil to the synchro mechanism requiring lubrication without increasing the weight by a simple configuration in which a convex portion or the like is added.

In the second invention, the lubricating oil stored in the bottom of the transmission is supplied from the oil pump to the gear shaft hole through the oil gallery. When the non-synchronous shift sleeve is in the neutral position, the outer diameter of the convex portion and the inner diameter of the concave portion are fitted together to restrict the flow of lubricating oil from the oil gallery through the concave portion. Since the amount of oil is rotated from the shaft hole to the front side, the amount of oil to the synchro mechanism requiring lubrication can be increased. In other words, in a forced lubrication type transmission, a simple configuration in which a convex portion or the like is added makes it possible to ensure an inexpensive amount of oil to the synchronization mechanism that requires lubrication without causing an increase in weight.

  In the third aspect of the invention, when the non-synchronous shift sleeve is in the neutral position, the flow of the lubricating oil passing through the recess is restricted by the fitting between the outer diameter of the protrusion and the inner diameter of the recess. Therefore, there is a possibility that metal powder mixed in the lubricating oil may accumulate in the concave portion, but when the shift sleeve is in the shift position, the convex portion comes out of the concave portion and the flow of lubricating oil through the concave portion is released, Due to the flow of the lubricating oil, metal powder or the like is taken out from the recess. That is, the recess can be cleaned.

  In the fourth aspect of the invention, the seal seals the flow of the lubricating oil passing through the recess when the shift sleeve is in the neutral position, and can promote an increase in the amount of oil that is rotated from the shaft hole to the front side.

  In the fifth invention, the labyrinth seals the flow of the lubricating oil passing through the recess when the shift sleeve is in the neutral position, and can promote an increase in the amount of oil that is rotated from the shaft hole to the front side. Since the labyrinth is a non-contact seal, it does not generate friction and has excellent durability.

  FIG. 1 illustrates a first embodiment according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, 11 is a main shaft, 13c is a main gear of a synchro stage, and 13d is a non-sync stage arranged adjacent to the back side of the synchro stage. The same parts as those in FIG. 4 (spray lubrication type transmission) are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  An annular recess 41 centered on the shaft hole (main shaft) is set on the back surface of the main gear 13c at the synchro stage. A non-synchronous shift sleeve 40 is arranged on the back side of the main gear 13c, and the shift sleeve 40 has an inner diameter and an axial direction as a means for restricting the flow of lubricating oil through the recess 41 when the shift sleeve 40 is in the neutral position. A convex portion 42 having an outer diameter that can be fitted in the stroke direction of the shift sleeve 40 is formed.

  The convex portion 42 is formed in an overhang shape, and a stepped portion 41 a that can receive the convex portion 42 is formed in the concave portion 41. The outer diameter of the convex portion 42 is set uniformly in the stroke direction of the shift sleeve 40 as is the inner diameter of the stepped portion 41a. Regarding the relationship between the outer diameter of the convex portion 42 and the inner diameter of the stepped portion 41a, these gaps are set as small as possible within a range that does not interfere with the stroke of the shift sleeve 40 to the shift position. A certain amount of width dimension is secured as an axial lap margin between the inner diameter of the stepped portion 41a. The convex portion 42 is configured to release the flow of lubricating oil via the concave portion 41 when the shift sleeve 40 is in the shift position (see the lower side in FIG. 1).

  32 is an oil hole penetrating between the tooth surface and the shaft hole 37, and the lubricating oil adhering to the tooth surface is pressed from the oil hole 32 by the pressurizing action accompanying the meshing of the gears 13c and 14c (see FIG. 4). It can be fed into the hole 37 (bearing 36).

  With such a configuration, the lubricating oil stored in the bottom of the transmission is scraped up by the rotating drive gear 18 and the counter gears 14a to 14f and lubricates each sliding portion. Lubricating oil adhering to the tooth surface is supplied from the tooth surface to the shaft hole 37 through the oil hole 32 by the pressurizing action accompanying the meshing of the gear, and further supplied from the shaft hole 37 to the front side and the back side of the gear 13c. Is done.

  The non-synchronous gear shift is achieved by fitting the outer diameter of the convex portion 42 and the inner diameter of the stepped portion 41a between the synchronous gear 13c and the non-synchronous gear 13d disposed adjacent to the back side thereof. When the sleeve 40 is in the neutral position, the fitting of the outer diameter of the convex portion 42 and the inner diameter of the stepped portion 41a restricts the flow of lubricating oil through the concave portion 41, and the shaft hole 37 (bearing 36) of the gear 13c is regulated. ) From the shaft hole 37 to the front side, the amount of oil to the synchro mechanism 22 requiring lubrication can be increased.

  In the case of FIG. 4, even when the shift sleeve 30 is in the neutral position, the lubricating oil supplied to the back side of the gear 13d by the pressurizing action accompanying the meshing of the gears 13d and 14d is the centrifugal direction of the main shaft 11 from the recess 41. It will fall out.

  If the flow of the lubricating oil passing through the concave portion 41 is restricted by the fitting of the outer diameter of the convex portion 42 and the inner diameter of the stepped portion 41a, there is a possibility that metal powder mixed with the lubricating oil may accumulate in the concave portion 41. However, when the shift sleeve 40 is in the shift position, the flow of the lubricating oil passing through the recess 41 is released, so that the metal powder or the like accumulated in the recess 41 is taken out by the flow of the lubricant. That is, when a non-synchronous gear set is selected, the recess 41 is cleaned each time.

  FIG. 2 illustrates the second embodiment, and when the shift sleeve 40a is neutral, a seal 45 that seals the gap between the outer diameter of the convex portion 42 and the inner diameter of the stepped portion 41a is provided. In this embodiment, when the shift sleeve 40 is in the neutral position, the flow of the lubricating oil passing through the recess 41 is sealed by the seal 45, and is rotated from the shaft hole 37 of the gear 13c to the front side (the synchro mechanism 22). The increase in the amount of oil can be promoted. In addition, the seal 45 eliminates the need for precision machining for setting the gap between the convex portion 42 and the stepped portion 41a as small as possible, and can increase the amount of oil to the synchro mechanism 22 at a low cost.

  FIG. 3 illustrates a third embodiment. When the shift sleeve 40b is neutral, a labyrinth 46 that seals between the outer diameter of the fitting portion 42b and the inner diameter of the stepped portion 41a is fitted. Provided on the part 42b side.

  In this embodiment, the labyrinth 46 seals the flow of lubricating oil through the recess 41 when the shift sleeve 40 is in the neutral position, and is rotated from the shaft hole 37 of the gear 13c to the front side (synchronizing mechanism 22). The increase in the amount of oil can be promoted. Further, the labyrinth 46 eliminates the need for precision machining for setting the gap between the convex portion 42 and the stepped portion 41a as small as possible, and can increase the amount of oil to the synchro mechanism 22 at a low cost. Since the labyrinth 46 is a non-contact seal, it does not generate friction and has excellent durability.

  Although the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3 describes application to a splash lubrication type transmission, application to a forced lubrication type transmission is also possible. Although not shown, in the case of the forced lubrication type, an oil gallery is provided that supplies the lubricating oil from the oil pump between the main shaft and each stage gear (gear shaft hole) via the main shaft. . When the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3 is applied, when the non-synchronous shift sleeve is in the neutral position, the flow of the lubricating oil from the oil gallery via the recess is caused by the fitting between the outer diameter of the protrusion and the inner diameter of the recess. Regulated and the amount of oil from the shaft hole to the back side of the gear is rotated from the shaft hole to the front side, so that the amount of oil to the synchro mechanism requiring lubrication can be increased. In other words, even in the forced lubrication type transmission, the same effect as in the case of the splash lubrication type (the simple structure with the addition of a convex portion etc. makes it possible to increase the amount of oil to the synchro mechanism that requires lubrication without causing an increase in weight. Can be secured at a low price).

  In FIG. 4 (spray lubrication type transmission), the lubricating oil adhering to the gear tooth surface can be fed from the oil holes 32 to 35 to the shaft hole 37 (bearing 36) by the pressurizing action accompanying the meshing of each gear train. However, in the case of the forced lubrication type, the oil holes 32 to 35 are formed in the shaft hole of the gear due to the lubricating oil supplied from the oil pump to the gear shaft hole and the pressurizing action accompanying the meshing of the gear train. It will be blocked from the top to avoid interference with the supplied lubricating oil.

It is principal part sectional drawing which illustrates 1st Embodiment concerning this invention. It is principal part sectional drawing which similarly illustrates 2nd Embodiment. It is principal part sectional drawing which similarly illustrates 3rd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which illustrates the structure of a transmission.

Explanation of symbols

11 main shaft 12c main gear of synchro stage 12d main gear of non-sync stage 21 synchro mechanism 40, 40a, 40b shift sleeve 41 annular recess 41a stepped part 42, 42a, 42b fitting part 45 seal 45 labyrinth

Claims (5)

In a splash lubrication type transmission, which has a non-synchronized shift sleeve on the back surface sandwiching the gear for a synchronization mechanism that requires lubrication,
An oil hole penetrating between the gear tooth surface and the shaft hole is provided, and the lubricating oil adhering to the tooth surface is fed from the oil hole to the shaft hole by a pressurizing action accompanying the gear meshing, the shaft hole Further configured to be supplied to the front side and the back side of the gear,
Forming an annular recess around the shaft hole on the back of the gear;
A convex portion which the shift sleeve having said matable outer diameter as a means for regulating the flow of the lubricating oil passing through the recess to the inner diameter and the stroke direction of the shift sleeve of the recess when the neutral position to the shift sleeve A lubrication structure for a transmission, characterized by being provided. In a forced lubrication type transmission equipped with a non-synchronized shift sleeve on the back surface sandwiching the gear for a synchronization mechanism that requires lubrication,
Forming an annular recess around the shaft hole on the back of the gear;
An oil gallery is provided for supplying the lubricating oil from the oil pump to the shaft hole of the gear via the main shaft so that the lubricating oil is supplied from the shaft hole of the gear to the front side and the back side of the gear. Configure
A convex portion which the shift sleeve having said matable outer diameter as a means for regulating the flow of the lubricating oil passing through the recess to the inner diameter and the stroke direction of the shift sleeve of the recess when the neutral position to the shift sleeve A lubrication structure for a transmission, characterized by being provided. The convex portion of the shift sleeve, the lubricating structure for a transmission according to the description of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the shifting sleeve to open the flow of lubricant through said recess when the shift position . According to the shift sleeve of any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a seal for sealing the gap between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the recess of the convex portion when the neutral position Transmission lubrication structure. The labyrinth which seals the clearance gap between the outer diameter of the said convex part, and the internal diameter of the said recessed part when the said shift sleeve is a neutral position is provided, It concerns on any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned. Transmission lubrication structure.

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