JP2020085060A - Lubrication structure of synchronization device - Google Patents

Abstract

To effectively supply a lubricant to a friction face of a synchronizer ring.SOLUTION: In lubrication structures 70, 80 of a synchronization device 40 having a synchronizer hub 41, dog gears 23, 33, synchronizer rings 50, 60 in which friction faces 54, 55 and 61 are formed, and a sleeve 45, the lubrication structures comprise: radial-direction oil holes 72, 81 penetrating a synchronizer ring 52 or a dog gear 35, and supplying lubricants discharged from bearing B1, B2 sides to the friction faces 54, 55 and 61; and guide plates 73, 82 protruding to the inside of a radial direction from an internal peripheral face of the synchronizer hub 41 side rather than the radial-direction oil holes 72, 81 out of an internal peripheral face of the synchronizer ring 52 or the dog gear 35, and guiding the lubricants discharged from the bearing B1, B2 sides to the radial-direction oil holes 72, 81.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present disclosure relates to a lubricating structure for a synchronizer.

In a gear device such as a transmission, lubricating oil is supplied to these meshing elements and sliding elements in order to reduce wear that occurs in these meshing elements and sliding elements. For example, in Patent Documents 1 and 2, an axial oil passage and a radial oil passage are provided inside a shaft, and lubricating oil discharged from the axial oil passage via the radial oil passage is provided around a shaft by a synchronizing device. Etc. is disclosed.

JP, 2005-187464, A JP, 2013-019510, A

A general synchronizer is configured to press a friction surface formed on a synchronizer ring against a counterpart member, and synchronize a rotation of a sleeve and a dog gear with a synchronous load generated between them. Since such a friction surface is substantially orthogonal to the flow direction of the lubricating oil discharged from the shaft side, in order to effectively secure the amount of lubricating oil on the friction surface, the lubricating oil discharged from the shaft side is effective. It is desirable to positively guide the to the friction surface.

The technique of the present disclosure aims to effectively supply a lubricating oil to a friction surface of a synchronizer ring.

The device of the present disclosure includes a synchronizer hub integrally rotatably provided on a shaft, a dog gear integrally rotatably provided on a gear rotatably supported on the shaft via a bearing, and the synchronizer hub. A synchronizer that includes a synchronizer ring that is provided between the dog gear and a friction surface that generates a synchronous load, and that engages with the synchronizer hub and that has the sleeve that is meshable with the synchronizer ring and the dog gear. A lubrication structure, a radial oil hole that radially penetrates the synchronizer ring or the dog gear and supplies lubricating oil discharged from the bearing side to the friction surface, and an inside of the synchronizer ring or the dog gear. A guide plate that projects radially inward from an inner peripheral surface of the peripheral surface on the synchronizer hub side of the radial oil hole and guides lubricating oil discharged from the bearing side to the radial oil hole. It is characterized by

Further, it is preferable that the guide plate is formed in an annular shape and is provided with an arc surface portion that is recessed in an arc shape on a side surface facing the bearing side.

Further, the synchronizer ring includes an outer ring, an intermediate ring, and an inner ring in order from the radially outer side, the radial oil hole is formed to penetrate the inner ring, and the guide plate is It is preferable that, of the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring, the inner peripheral surface on the synchronizer hub side of the radial oil hole protrudes radially inward.

In addition, the dog gear is provided with a taper cone portion that protrudes toward the synchronizer hub side and an inner peripheral surface of the synchronizer ring frictionally engages with the outer peripheral surface thereof, and the radial oil hole is formed by the taper cone portion. It is preferable that the guide plate protrudes radially inward from the inner peripheral surface of the tapered cone portion on the synchronizer hub side of the inner peripheral surface of the tapered cone portion.

Further, it is preferable that the shaft is provided with an axial oil passage through which lubricating oil flows and a radial oil passage through which the lubricating oil flowing from the axial oil passage is supplied to the bearing.

According to the technique of the present disclosure, the lubricating oil can be effectively supplied to the friction surface of the synchronizer ring.

It is a typical sectional view showing a part of gear device provided with a lubrication structure concerning this embodiment. It is a typical perspective view which notches and shows a part of guide plate concerning this embodiment. It is a typical sectional view showing the 1st lubrication structure concerning this embodiment. It is a typical sectional view showing the 2nd lubrication structure concerning this embodiment. It is a schematic diagram explaining the operation of the lubricating structure according to the present embodiment.

Hereinafter, the lubrication structure of the synchronizer according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same parts are designated by the same reference numerals, and their names and functions are also the same. Therefore, detailed description thereof will not be repeated.

[overall structure]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a part of a gear device 10 having a lubricating structure according to this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the gear device 10 is, for example, a transmission, and a transmission case 11 in which lubricating oil is sealed has a shaft 12 (for example, a main shaft or a counter shaft) via a bearing (not shown). Is rotatably supported.

A first transmission gear 20 and a second transmission gear 30 are provided on the shaft 12 so as to be relatively rotatable.

The first transmission gear 20 has a first boss portion 21 whose inner peripheral side is axially supported on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 12 via a first needle bearing B1, and a first boss portion 21 provided on the outer peripheral side of the first boss portion 21. 1 gear tooth 22. The first gear tooth 22 always meshes with a fixed gear or an idling gear provided on another shaft (not shown) parallel to the shaft 12. Further, the first boss portion 21 is provided with a first dog gear 23 having first dog teeth 24 so as to be integrally rotatable.

The second transmission gear 30 has a second boss portion 31 whose inner peripheral side is axially supported by the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 12 via a second needle bearing B2, and a second boss portion 31 provided on the outer peripheral side of the second boss portion 31. And two gear teeth 32. The second gear tooth 32 always meshes with a fixed gear or an idle gear provided on another shaft (not shown) parallel to the shaft 12. A second dog gear 33 having second dog teeth 34 is integrally rotatably provided on the second boss portion 31. The second dog gear 33 is preferably integrally formed with a tapered cone portion 35 protruding toward the synchronizer hub 41, which will be described later.

Further, the shaft 12 is formed with an axial oil passage 13 extending in the axial direction of the shaft 12 and first and second radial oil passages 14 and 15 extending in the shaft 12 in the radial direction. Lubricating oil is supplied to the axial oil passage 13 by pumping by a pump (not shown) or flowing in by scraping up the gears 20 and 30. The first radial oil passage 14 extends from the axial oil passage 13 to the first needle bearing B1 and supplies the lubricating oil flowing from the axial oil 13 to the first needle bearing B1. The second radial oil passage 15 extends from the axial oil passage 13 to the second needle bearing B2, and supplies the lubricating oil flowing from the axial oil 13 to the second needle bearing B2.

The synchronizer 40 is provided between the first transmission gear 20 and the second transmission gear 30. Specifically, the synchronizer 40 includes a synchronizer hub 41, a sleeve 45, a multi-cone type first synchronizer ring 50, and a single-cone type second synchronizer ring 60.

The synchronizer hub 41 has a boss portion 42 provided on the inner peripheral side thereof so as to be integrally rotatable with the shaft 12 by spline fitting or the like so as to face the gears 20 and 30, and a sleeve support provided on the outer peripheral side of the boss portion 42. It has a portion 43 and outer peripheral teeth 44 provided on the sleeve support portion 43. The sleeve 45 is formed in an annular shape, and an inner peripheral tooth 46 that constantly meshes with the outer peripheral tooth 44 is provided on the inner peripheral side of the sleeve 45. A recess 47 formed on the outer peripheral side of the sleeve 45 engages with a shift fork 48 supported by a shift rod 49.

The multi-cone type first synchronizer ring 50 is provided between the synchronizer hub 41 and the first dog gear 23. Specifically, the first synchronizer ring 50 includes an outer ring 51 located on the radially outer side, an inner ring 52 located on the radially inner side, and an intermediate ring arranged between the outer ring 51 and the inner ring 52. And a ring 53.

On the outer peripheral side of the outer ring 51, a first chamfer 51A capable of meshing with the inner peripheral teeth 46 of the sleeve 45 is provided. A taper cone surface is provided on the inner peripheral side of the outer ring 51, and the outer friction surface portion 54 is formed by frictionally engaging with the taper cone surface on the outer peripheral side of the intermediate ring 53.

The inner ring 52 is disposed adjacent to the radially inner portion of the first boss portion 21 so as to be relatively rotatable with a predetermined gap. The inner ring 52 is provided so that a part of the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring 52 on the synchronizer hub 41 side protrudes from the end surface of the first boss portion 21 and is exposed so as to face the boss portion 42 side. .. A taper cone surface is provided on the outer peripheral side of the inner ring 52, and an inner friction surface portion 55 is formed by frictionally engaging with the taper cone surface on the inner peripheral side of the intermediate ring 53.

When the sleeve 45 shifts from the neutral position to the first dog gear 23 side (right direction in the drawing) and presses the outer ring 51, a synchronous load is generated on the friction surface portions 54 and 55. When the sleeve 45 and the first dog gear 23 are rotationally synchronized, the sleeve 45 is further shifted and fully meshes with the first dog gear 23, so that the first transmission gear 20 is synchronously coupled with the shaft 12. ..

The single cone type second synchronizer ring 60 is provided between the synchronizer hub 41 and the second dog gear 33. Specifically, a second chamfer 60A that can mesh with the inner peripheral teeth 46 of the sleeve 45 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the second synchronizer ring 60. Further, a taper cone surface is provided on the inner peripheral side of the second synchronizer ring 60, and the friction surface portion 61 is formed by frictionally engaging with the taper cone surface on the outer peripheral side of the taper cone portion 35.

When the sleeve 45 shifts from the neutral position to the second dog gear 33 side (left direction in the figure) and presses the second synchronizer ring 60, a synchronous load is generated on the friction surface portion 61. When the sleeve 45 and the second dog gear 33 are rotationally synchronized, the sleeve 45 further shifts and completely meshes with the second dog gear 33, so that the second transmission gear 30 is synchronously coupled with the shaft 12. ..

In the present embodiment, the first synchronizer ring 50 is provided with the first lubricating structure 70, and the second synchronizer ring 60 is provided with the second lubricating structure 80. Hereinafter, details of these lubrication structures 70 and 80 will be described.

[First lubrication structure]
As shown in FIG. 3, the first lubricating structure 70 includes a radial oil groove 71 extending in the radial direction at a portion of the side surface of the boss portion 42 of the synchronizer hub 41 facing the end of the first needle bearing B1. A first radial oil hole 72 penetrating the inner ring 52 in the radial direction and an inner peripheral surface of the inner ring 52 closer to the synchronizer hub 41 than the first radial oil hole 72 are provided. The first guide plate 73 (baffle plate) protruding inward in the direction is provided.

The radial oil groove 71 is formed by notching the side surface of the boss portion 42 in a concave shape at a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction. The lubricating oil discharged from the axial oil passage 13 through the first radial oil passage 14 and the first needle bearing B1 is supplied to the radial oil groove 71.

The first radial oil holes 72 are formed through the inner ring 52 in the circumferential direction at a predetermined pitch. The radially inner end of the first radial oil hole 72 opens toward the radial oil groove 71 side, and the radially outer end of the first radial oil hole 72 has an inner friction surface 55 (the inner peripheral side of the intermediate ring 53). (Tapered cone surface) and open. The lubricating oil discharged from the radial oil groove 71 is introduced into the first radial oil hole 72.

The first guide plate 73 is formed in a substantially annular shape (see FIG. 2). The outer diameter of the first guide plate 73 is formed to be substantially the same as the inner diameter of the inner ring 52, and is fitted and fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring 52 closer to the synchronizer hub 41 than the first radial oil hole 72. ing. The first guide plate 73 may be formed integrally with the inner ring 52. The inner diameter of the first guide plate 73 is formed to be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the boss portion 42, and a minute clearance is secured between these to prevent interference and prevent outflow of lubricating oil. Has been done.

A first arc surface portion 74 that is recessed in an arc shape on the synchronizer hub 41 side is provided on a side surface portion of the first guide plate 73 that faces the first needle bearing B1 (and/or the first boss portion 21). That is, the lubricating oil discharged from the radial oil groove 71 is applied to the first circular arc surface portion 74, and is caused to flow radially outward by the centrifugal force along the first circular arc surface portion 74. It is configured to be positively introduced into the hole 72.

[Second lubrication structure]
As shown in FIG. 4, the second lubrication structure 80 includes a second radial oil hole 81 that penetrates the tapered cone portion 35 in the radial direction, and a second radial oil hole 81 of the tapered cone portion 35 that is closer to the synchronizer hub 41 than the second radial oil hole 81. A second guide plate 82 (baffle plate) provided on the inner peripheral surface and protruding inward in the radial direction from the inner peripheral surface is provided.

The second radial oil holes 81 are formed through the tapered cone portion 35 in the circumferential direction at a predetermined pitch. The radially inner end of the second radial oil hole 81 opens toward the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 12, and the radially outer end of the second radial oil hole 81 has a friction surface portion 61 (the inner peripheral side of the second synchronizer ring 60). (Tapered cone surface) and open. The lubricating oil discharged from the axial oil passage 13 through the second radial oil passage 15 and the second needle bearing B2 is introduced into the second radial oil hole 81.

The second guide plate 82 is formed in a substantially annular shape (see FIG. 2). The outer diameter of the second guide plate 82 is formed to be substantially the same as the inner diameter of the tapered cone portion 35, and is fitted and fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the tapered cone portion 35 closer to the synchronizer hub 41 than the second radial oil hole 81. ing. The second guide plate 82 may be formed integrally with the tapered cone portion 35. The inner diameter of the second guide plate 82 is formed to be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the shaft 12, and a minute clearance is secured between them so as to prevent interference and prevent outflow of lubricating oil. ing.

A second arc surface portion 83, which is recessed in an arc shape on the synchronizer hub 41 side, is provided on a side surface portion of the second guide plate 82 that faces the second needle bearing B2 (and/or the second boss portion 31). That is, the lubricating oil discharged from the end portion of the second needle bearing B2 is applied to the second circular arc surface portion 83 and is caused to flow radially outward by the centrifugal force along the second circular arc surface portion 83. It is configured to be positively introduced into the radial oil hole 81. The shape provided on the side surface portion of the second guide plate 82 is not limited to the arcuate surface, and other shapes such as a curved surface shape may be used as long as the lubricating oil can be positively introduced into the second radial oil hole 81. The shape may be.

[Effect]
The action and effect of the lubricating structures 70 and 80 of the present embodiment configured as above will be described based on FIG.

Lubricating oil that is pumped or flows into the axial oil passage 13 of the shaft 12 by a pump (not shown) or scraping of the gears 20 and 30 is distributed to the radial oil passages 14 and 15 to rotate the shaft 12. Due to the centrifugal force caused by, the oil flows in the radial oil passages 14 and 15 outward in the radial direction.

The lubricating oil that has flowed from the first radial oil passage 14 into the first needle bearing B1 axially flows through the first needle bearing B1 and is discharged from the end of the first needle bearing B1 into the radial oil groove 71. The lubricating oil discharged from the radial oil groove 71 is applied to the first arc surface portion 74 of the first guide plate 73, and is caused to flow radially outward by centrifugal force along the first arc surface portion 74, It is positively introduced into the first radial oil hole 72. The lubricating oil that has flowed into the first radial oil hole 72 is caused to flow radially outward by the centrifugal force, axially flows through the inner friction surface portion 55, and then from both axial ends of the inner friction surface portion 55 in the radial direction. It is shed to the outside. At least a part of the lubricating oil flowing out from the inner friction surface portion 55 flows into the outer friction surface portion 54 in the process of flowing radially outward.

On the other hand, the lubricating oil that has flowed from the second radial oil passage 15 into the second needle bearing B2 axially flows through the second needle bearing B2 and is discharged from the end of the second needle bearing B2. The lubricating oil discharged from the second needle bearing B2 is applied to the second arc surface portion 83 of the second guide plate 82, and is caused to flow radially outward by the centrifugal force along the second arc surface portion 83, It is positively introduced into the second radial oil hole 81. The lubricating oil that has flowed into the second radial oil hole 81 is caused to flow radially outward by centrifugal force, flows axially through the friction surface portion 61, and then radially outward from both axial ends of the friction surface portion 61. It will be washed away.

That is, according to the first lubricating structure 70, the lubricating oil discharged from the end portion of the first needle bearing B1 is positively applied to the inner friction surface portion 55 via the first guide plate 73 and the first radial oil hole 72. And is also effectively supplied to the outer friction surface portion 54. Further, according to the second lubricating structure 80, the lubricating oil discharged from the end portion of the second needle bearing B2 is positively applied to the friction surface portion 61 via the first guide plate 82 and the second radial oil hole 81. It is configured to be introduced. As a result, the amount of lubricating oil in each of the friction surface portions 54, 55, 61 can be reliably ensured, and seizure or wear of each ring 51, 52, 53, 60 can be effectively suppressed.

Further, since the first guide plate 73 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring 52 and the second guide plate 82 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the tapered cone portion 35, it is effective that the synchronizing device 40 is expanded in the axial direction. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the size of the entire apparatus from increasing.

It should be noted that the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and may be appropriately modified and implemented without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure.

For example, the application of the present embodiment is not limited to the transmission, but can be widely applied to other gear devices including a synchronization device such as a transfer device and a differential device.

12 shaft 13 axial oil passage 14 first radial oil passage (radial oil passage)
15 Second radial oil passage (radial oil passage)
20 First speed change gear (gear)
21 First Boss 23 First Dog Gear (Dog Gear)
B1 1st needle bearing (bearing)
30 Second gear (gear)
31 Second Boss 33 Second Dog Gear (Dog Gear)
35 Tapered cone part B2 2nd needle bearing (bearing)
40 Synchronizer 41 Synchronizer Hub 42 Boss 50 First Synchronizer Ring 51 Outer Ring 52 Inner Ring 53 Intermediate Ring 60 Second Synchronizer Ring 70 First Lubrication Structure 71 Radial Oil Groove 72 First Radial Oil Hole (Radial Oil Hole )
73 First guide plate (guide plate)
74 1st circular arc surface (arc surface)
80 Second lubrication structure 81 Second radial oil hole (radial oil hole)
82 Second guide plate (guide plate)
83 Second arc surface portion (arc surface portion)

Claims (5)

A synchronizer hub integrally rotatably provided on the shaft, a dog gear integrally rotatably provided on a gear rotatably supported on the shaft via a bearing, and between the synchronizer hub and the dog gear. A lubrication structure of a synchronizer, which is provided with a synchronizer ring having a friction surface formed to generate a synchronous load, meshes with the synchronizer hub, and includes the synchronizer ring, and a sleeve capable of meshing with the dog gear,
A radial oil hole that radially penetrates the synchronizer ring or the dog gear and that supplies lubricating oil discharged from the bearing side to the friction surface,
Among the inner peripheral surfaces of the synchronizer ring or the dog gear, the lubricating oil that is projected radially inward from the inner peripheral surface on the synchronizer hub side with respect to the radial oil hole and is discharged from the bearing side is the radial oil hole. And a guide plate that guides to the lubrication structure of the synchronizer. The lubrication structure for a synchronizing device according to claim 1, wherein the guide plate is formed in an annular shape, and an arc surface portion that is recessed in an arc shape is provided on a side surface facing the bearing side. The synchronizer ring includes an outer ring, an intermediate ring, and an inner ring in order from the outer side in the radial direction, the radial oil hole is formed through the inner ring, and the guide plate includes the inner ring. The lubricating structure for the synchronizing device according to claim 1, wherein the inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral surface of the synchronizer protrudes radially inward from an inner peripheral surface of the inner peripheral surface on the synchronizer hub side of the radial oil hole. The dog gear is provided with a taper cone portion projecting toward the synchronizer hub side and an inner peripheral surface of the synchronizer ring frictionally engaged with the outer peripheral surface thereof, and the radial oil hole penetrates the taper cone portion. The guide plate is formed, and the guide plate projects radially inward from an inner peripheral surface of the tapered cone portion closer to the synchronizer hub than the radial oil hole of the inner peripheral surface of the tapered cone portion. Lubricating structure of synchronizer. 5. The shaft is provided with an axial oil passage for circulating lubricating oil and a radial oil passage for supplying lubricating oil flowing from the axial oil passage to the bearing. Lubricating structure of the synchronizer according to the item.

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