JP4846870B2 - Locking device for operation pattern selection valve - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a working machine in which an articulated front is mounted on an upper swing body such as a hydraulic excavator or an application machine thereof. In consideration of the fact that the direction to be operated by the type control lever may differ between manufacturers or between the manufacturer and international standards, the operator operates the tilt type control lever with an operation pattern that matches the operator's experience. The present invention relates to an operation pattern selection valve for making it possible to lock the selected operation pattern so that it is not changed by someone, and thus to improve the safety.

  In various working machines configured by applying a hydraulic excavator and its basic configuration, an upper swing body is installed on the lower traveling body via a swing device, and the boom, the arm at the tip of the boom, and the arm tip are mounted on the upper swing body. An articulated front composed of a work tool such as a bucket and a hydraulic cylinder for raising and lowering the work tool is attached. As disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the pilot valve that operates the swing hydraulic motor of the swing device and the tilt type operation lever of the pilot valve that operates each part hydraulic cylinder of the articulated front, Installed on the left and right of the front of the driver's seat.

  Such an operation lever is operated from the position where it is raised in the center, that is, the position where the actuator is stopped, to the front, back, left and right. For example, in a certain manufacturer, the operation of the right operation lever to the front and rear is not possible. The operation to the left and the right corresponds to the bucket cloud (excavation) and the bucket dump (soil removal), respectively. Further, forward and backward operations of the left operation lever correspond to right turn and left turn, respectively, and left and right operations correspond to arm raising and arm lowering, respectively.

  However, in other manufacturer's work machines, for example, the operation of the left operation lever to the front and rear corresponds to arm lowering and arm raising, respectively, and the operation to the left and right respectively turns left, Corresponds to right turn.

  In this way, if the operation pattern of the operation lever is different between manufacturers or between the manufacturer and international standards, the operation direction of whether to operate with either the left or right operation lever or to operate back and forth or left and right will differ. When an operator who is familiar with a work machine of a certain manufacturer operates a work machine of another manufacturer, the operation becomes difficult and there is a risk of erroneous operation. For this reason, when performing work using a new work machine, the operation pattern of the operation lever is adjusted to the one familiar to the operator. In order to select the operation pattern in this way, an operation pattern selection valve for switching the oil passage is provided between the pilot valve operated by the operation lever and the operation oil chamber of the control valve.

  The operation pattern selection valve described in Patent Document 1 has a rotating spool fitted inside a cylindrical body having a port for connecting a hydraulic line. Further, a shaft is fixed to the end of the rotary spool, the shaft is protruded from a hole in the center of the end plate, and a rotary operation lever is attached to the shaft in the radial direction. Then, by rotating this rotary operation lever, one port provided in the cylindrical body communicates with one of a plurality of other ports, and the other ports are blocked.

  In such an operation pattern selection valve, after setting the rotary operation lever to be a certain operation pattern, if the setting is changed by someone such as another operator, There is a risk of incorrect operation when driving. For this reason, in order to prevent others from changing the operation pattern easily, Patent Documents 1 and 2 propose locking and locking the rotary operation lever at a fixed position. .

  The locking device described in Patent Document 1 is a head of a thumbscrew that attaches a lock plate having a locking hole so that it can be raised and lowered to a bracket welded to a rotary operation lever, while fixing the rotary operation lever to an end plate. An example is shown in which a locking hole is provided in the part, a lock is inserted into the locking hole of the locking plate and the thumbscrew, and the rotary operation lever is locked and locked. As another example, there is disclosed an example in which brackets each having a locking hole are provided on the rotary operation lever and the case, and both are coupled by a lock. In Patent Document 2, holes are provided in the radial direction in the rotary operation lever and the thumbscrew to be inserted therein, and wire type locks are inserted into these holes.

Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 5-47660 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-49858

  The locking devices described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 both require a process such as welding a bracket for mounting a lock plate or providing a hole on the operation pattern selection valve side, and are not easy to manufacture. There is a problem. In particular, since the operation pattern selection valve is actually manufactured by a specialized manufacturer of valves, this manufacturing difficulty increases for manufacturers of working machines.

  In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a lock device for an operation pattern selection valve that can be manufactured relatively easily without the need to process the operation pattern selection valve.

The lock device for the operation pattern selection valve according to the present invention includes a hydraulic actuator for driving a multi-joint front and a turning device for turning the upper turning body of the working machine,
A hydraulically operated control valve for controlling each hydraulic actuator and a pilot valve for operating the control valve;
Front and rear, left and right tilting operation levers installed on the left and right sides of the driver's seat as the pilot valve operation levers, and
Selection of a hydraulic actuator that is inserted into a pipe line between an operation oil chamber of the hydraulic operation control valve and a pilot valve that supplies pilot oil to the operation oil chamber and is operated by the tilt operation lever; and An operation pattern selection valve for selecting the operation direction of the hydraulic actuator relative to the operation direction of the tilting operation lever;
The operation pattern selection valve has an end plate attached to an end face of a cylindrical body that houses a rotary spool, and a rotary operation lever that rotates in the radial direction of the shaft on a shaft of the rotary spool that protrudes from the end plate. In a working machine having a configuration with
A screw for fixing the rotary operation lever, a first bracket having a mounting hole and a locking hole, a second bracket having a structure combined with the first bracket and having a locking hole; With a lock,
The screw is inserted into the mounting hole of the first bracket and the hole provided in the rotary operation lever, and is screwed into the screw hole provided in the end plate. Secure to the control lever,
The second bracket is combined with the first bracket and the head of the screw is covered with the second bracket, and the locking hole of the first bracket and the locking hole of the second bracket are And the rotary operation lever is locked by inserting the lock together.

  In the present invention, since the screw head is covered with the second bracket and unlocked except for unlocking, there is no possibility that the operation pattern is changed by someone. The present invention is applied when a hole is provided in the rotary operation lever. The first bracket is fixed by using a screw inserted into the hole, and the second bracket is fixed to the second bracket. Since the brackets are combined and locked, there is no need to perform work such as welding or drilling of the brackets on the operation pattern selection valve side, which facilitates manufacturing.

  FIG. 1 shows an example of a working machine to which the present invention is applied, and shows a case where the working machine is a hydraulic excavator. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a lower traveling body, 2 an upper revolving body installed on the lower traveling body 1 via a revolving device 3, and a hydraulic power unit 4, a cab 5 and the like are mounted on the upper revolving body 2. . Reference numeral 6 denotes an articulated front mounted on the upper swing body 2, which comprises a boom 7, an arm 8, a bucket 9, a boom hoisting hydraulic cylinder 10, an arm rotating hydraulic cylinder 11, and a bucket rotating hydraulic cylinder 12. .

  As shown in FIGS. 2 (A) and 2 (B), tilting operation levers 13 and 14 that are operated by tilting back and forth and right and left are installed on the left and right of the front portion of the driver seat 15 in the cab 5. . These tilt-type operation levers 13 and 14 are operation levers for pilot valves for control valve operation for controlling the turning hydraulic motor and the hydraulic cylinders 10, 11 and 12 of the turning device 3. Reference numeral 16 denotes an operation pattern selection valve for selecting whether to operate the turning hydraulic motor or the hydraulic cylinders 10, 11, 12 of the turning device 3 in any one or in any operating direction of the tilting operation levers 13, 14. In the embodiment, the operation pattern selection valve 16 is installed at a lower portion of the left tilting operation lever 13. The installation position of the operation pattern selection valve 16 is not limited to this example. For example, the operation pattern selection valve 16 may be installed in the machine room of the upper swing body 2.

  FIG. 3 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing an arrangement on the hydraulic circuit of the operation pattern selection valve 16 which is an object of the present invention. 20 is a pilot pump included in the hydraulic power unit 4, 13A is a pilot valve operated by operating the operating lever 13 left and right among the pilot valves operated by the operating lever 13, and 13B is operated by operating the operating lever back and forth. This is a pilot valve that operates when Each pilot valve 13A (13B) includes a first valve 131 and a second valve 132 (first valve 133 and second valve 134), which are two pilot valves.

  21 is a control valve of the arm turning hydraulic cylinder 11, 22 is a turning hydraulic motor of the turning device 3, and 23 is its control valve. 21 a and 21 b are operating oil chambers of the control valve 21, and 23 a and 23 b are operating oil chambers of the control valve 23.

  In FIG. 2B, the arrows A and G of the left and right control levers 13 and 14 indicate the tilting operation to the left, and B and H indicate the tilting operation to the right. Further, the arrows C and E of the left and right control levers 13 and 14 indicate the backward tilting operation, and D and F indicate the forward tilting operation.

In this embodiment, when the operation pattern selection valve 16 in the circuit of FIG. 3 is operated to the left position shown in the figure, the tilting operation levers 13 and 14 are operated in the operation directions A to H of FIG. Then, the corresponding actuators perform the following operations.
A: Arm raising, B: Arm lowering, C: Turning left, D: Turning right, E: Boom raising, F: Boom lowering, G: Bucket excavation, H: Bucket evacuation This is illustrated in the hydraulic circuit diagram of FIG. To do.
Now, when the operation lever 13 is operated so as to tilt to the left side A (right side B), the first valve 131 (second valve 132) of the pilot valve 13A operates, and the pilot oil from the pilot pump 20 becomes the first oil. The first valve 131 (second valve 132) and the operation pattern selection valve 16 are supplied to the operation oil chamber 21a (21b) of the control valve 21, and the arm rotation hydraulic cylinder 11 contracts (extends) and the arm 6 is raised (lowered). ).

  Further, when the operation lever 13 is operated to tilt to the rear side C (front side D), the first valve 133 (second valve 134) of the pilot valve 13B is operated, and the pilot oil from the pilot pump 20 is The first valve 133 (second valve 134) and the operation pattern selection valve 16 are supplied to the operation oil chamber 23a (23b) of the control valve 23, and the hydraulic motor 22 of the turning device 3 operates in the left turn (right turn) direction. Then, the upper swing body 2 turns left (turns right).

On the other hand, when the operation pattern selection valve 16 is switched to the right position in FIG. 3, when the tilting operation lever is operated in the operation directions A to H in FIG. 2B, the corresponding actuators perform the following operations, respectively. Do.
A: Turn left, B: Turn right, C: Arm up, D: Arm down, EH: Same as above This operation will be described with reference to the hydraulic circuit diagram of FIG. Now, when the operation lever 13 is operated so as to tilt to the left side A (right side B), the first valve 131 (second valve 132) of the pilot valve 13A operates, and the pilot oil from the pilot pump 20 becomes the first oil. 1 valve 131 (second valve 132) and the operation pattern selection valve 16 are supplied to the operation oil chamber 23a (23b) of the control valve 23, and the turning hydraulic motor 22 operates in the left turn (right turn) direction. The swivel body 2 turns left (turns right).

  Further, when the operation lever 13 is operated to tilt to the rear side C (front side D), the first valve 133 (second valve 134) of the pilot valve 13B is operated, and the pilot oil from the pilot pump 20 is The first valve 133 (second valve 134) and the operation pattern selection valve 16 are supplied to the operation oil chamber 21b (21a) of the control valve 21, and the arm rotation hydraulic cylinder 11 expands (contracts) to lower the arm 6 ( Go up).

  FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the structure of the operation pattern selection valve 16. The operation pattern selection valve 16 has a rotary spool 26 fitted in a cylindrical body 25 having a port 24 to which a hydraulic hose is connected, and a shaft 27 of the rotary spool 26 is connected to the center of one end plate 29. It is configured to protrude outward from the hole. Further, the proximal end portion of the rotary operation lever 30 is inserted into a hole provided in the shaft 27, and is prevented from being detached by a retaining pin 37, and the rotational operation lever 30 is attached in the radial direction of the shaft 27. Yes. Then, by rotating the rotary operation lever 30, one of the port 24 provided on the cylindrical body 25 and one of the plurality of other ports 24 communicate with each other through the oil passage 31 in the rotary spool 26. The port is configured to be blocked. Screw holes 32 are disposed in the end plate 29 with a gap, and a position between the two adjacent screw holes 32 is a position where the rotary operation lever 30 is to be locked.

  FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of an operation pattern selection valve to which the present invention is applied. However, the operation pattern selection valve 40 does not only perform the oil path switching related to the operation of the one-side tilting operation lever 13 shown in FIG. 3, but operates in both the left and right tilting operation levers 13 and 14 in the operation direction. Even if they are the same, they are applied when the operation target is different.

  Thus, in order to select the tilt type operation levers 13 and 14 and the operation pattern for any of the four types of hydraulic actuators (hydraulic motor 22 of the turning device, hydraulic cylinders 10, 11, and 12), there are 16 cylinders 25. Port 24 is provided. The rotary operation lever 30 is a four-position switching valve having four switching positions (indicated by a, b, c, and d). The rotary operation lever 30 has a spherical gripping portion 30a at the tip and a hole 30b through which a fixing screw (including a bolt) 41 is inserted. Further, corresponding to each switching position a, b, c, d, each portion of the end plate 29 that the rotary operation lever 30 faces (a portion immediately below the rotary operation lever 30 in the drawing) is described above. A screw hole 32 is provided.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the locking device of this embodiment covers the head (operation unit) 41 a of the screw 41 with a second bracket 43 coupled to the first bracket 42, and locks these with a lock 36. The brackets 42 and 43 are made inseparable. That is, the head 41 a cannot be turned by covering the head 41 a of the screw 41, and the screw 41 cannot be removed from the rotary operation lever 30.

  7 and 8 show the structures of the first and second brackets 42 and 43, respectively. The first bracket 42 shown in FIG. 7 is fixed to the rotary operation lever 30 with a screw 41, and has a mounting hole 42b through which a screw 41 is inserted into a flat plate portion 42a that contacts the rotary operation lever 30. The flat plate portion 42a has a rotation-preventing piece 42c on both sides on one end side thereof, which is brought into contact with the side surface of the rotary operation lever 30 to prevent rotation. Further, a coupling piece 42e is formed on the other end side of the flat plate portion 42a via an upright portion 42d, and a locking hole 42f is provided in the coupling piece 42e.

  On the other hand, the second bracket 43 shown in FIG. 8 has side plate portions 43b on the left and right sides of the flat plate portion 43a, and a lifting prevention piece 43d that also serves as a rotation stopper is provided on one end side of the flat plate portion 43a via the vertical plate portion 43c. Form. A gap g that is equal to or slightly larger than the plate thickness of the flat plate portion 42a of the first bracket 42 is formed between the floating prevention piece 43d and the bottom side of the side plate portion 43b. Further, a coupling piece 43e is formed on the other end side of the flat plate portion 43a, and a locking hole 43f is provided in the coupling piece 43e.

  9 to 11 are views for explaining a process of locking the rotary operation lever 30 using the brackets 42 and 43 of this embodiment. First, as shown in FIG. 9, after setting the rotary operation lever 30 at a certain position, the first bracket 42 is placed on the rotary operation lever 30, and the screw 41 is attached to the mounting hole 42 b of the first bracket 42. The first bracket 42 is fixed to the rotary operation lever 30 by being inserted into the hole 30 b of the rotary operation lever 30 and screwed into the screw hole 32 immediately below the rotary operation lever 30. That is, the first bracket 42 is sandwiched between the head 41 a of the screw 41 and the rotary operation lever 30, and the rotation prevention piece 42 c hits the side surface of the rotation operation lever 30 and is prevented from rotating. Is done.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 10, the second bracket 43 is lifted by sandwiching the flat plate portion 42a of the first bracket 42 between the side plate portion 43b and the lift preventing piece 43d. To prevent. The lifting prevention piece 43d is inserted between the left and right rotation prevention pieces 42c of the first bracket 42, and the upright portion 42d of the first bracket 42 is sandwiched between the side plate portions 43b of the second bracket 43. Stop the rotation. Further, the flat plate portion 42a of the first bracket 42 is fitted to the deep part of the gap g between the lifting prevention piece 43d of the second bracket 43 and the side plate portion 43b, whereby the first and second brackets 42, 43 coupling pieces 42e and 43e overlap, and the locking holes 42f and 43f are aligned. After the first and second brackets 42 and 43 are combined in this way, as shown in FIG. 11, the lock 36 is inserted into the locking holes 42f and 43f and locked.

  In the structure of this embodiment, the head 41 a of the screw 41 of the rotary operation lever 30 is surrounded between the first bracket 42 and the second bracket 43, and the screw 41 is used except for unlocking the lock 36. Since there is no possibility that the operation pattern can be changed by someone. In this embodiment, the first bracket 42 is fixed by the screw 41 inserted into the hole 30b using the hole 30b in which the rotary operation lever 30 is provided, and the first bracket 42 is attached to the first bracket 42. Since the second bracket 43 is combined and locked by the lock 36, it is not necessary to perform work such as welding or drilling of the bracket on the operation pattern selection valve 16 side, so that manufacture is facilitated.

  Although the above description has shown the case where the brackets 42 and 43 are made of metal, they may be made of plastic.

It is a side view showing a hydraulic excavator which is an example of a working machine to which the present invention is applied. (A) is a side view showing the arrangement of tilting operation levers in the cab of the work machine in FIG. 1, (B) is a diagram showing the operation direction of the tilting operation levers provided on the left and right of the front portion of the driver seat. is there. It is a hydraulic circuit diagram which shows an example of the hydraulic circuit containing the operation pattern selection valve to which this invention is applied. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the operation pattern selection valve to which this invention is applied. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the operation pattern selection valve to which this invention is applied. It is a side view of the operation pattern selection valve to which one embodiment of the locking device of the present invention is applied. (A) is a side view of the 1st bracket which comprises the locking device of FIG. 6, (B) is the top view, (C) is EE sectional drawing of (B). (A) is a side view of the 2nd bracket which comprises the locking device of FIG. 6, (B) is the top view, (C) is FF sectional drawing of (B). In this Embodiment, it is a perspective view which shows the state which attached the 1st bracket to the rotation type operation lever of the operation pattern selection valve. In this Embodiment, it is a perspective view which shows the state which combined the 2nd bracket with the 1st bracket further from the state of FIG. In this Embodiment, it is a perspective view which shows the state which locked further from the state of FIG.

1: Lower traveling body, 2: Upper turning body, 3: Turning device, 4: Hydraulic power unit, 5: Driver's cab, 6: Articulated front, 7: Boom, 8: Arm, 9: Bucket, 10-12: Hydraulic pressure Cylinder, 13, 14: Tilt-type operation lever, 15: Driver's seat, 16: Operation pattern selection valve, 20: Pilot pump, 21, 23: Control valve, 22: Hydraulic motor of swivel device, 24: Port, 25: Cylinder Body: 26: Rotating spool, 27: Shaft, 29: End plate, 30: Rotating operation lever, 31: Oil passage, 32: Screw hole, 40: Operation pattern selection valve, 41: Screw, 41a: Head Portion, 42: first bracket, 42a: flat plate portion, 42b: mounting hole, 42c: anti-rotation piece, 42d: upright portion, 42e: coupling piece, 42f: locking hole, 43: second bracket, 43a: Flat plate part, 43b: side Part, 43c: vertical plate portion, 43d: floating restraining piece, 43e: joining piece, 43f: hole for locking

Claims (1)

Hydraulic actuators for respectively driving the articulated front of the work machine and the turning device for turning the upper turning body;
A hydraulically operated control valve for controlling each hydraulic actuator and a pilot valve for operating the control valve;
Front and rear, left and right tilting operation levers installed on the left and right sides of the driver's seat as the pilot valve operation levers, and
Selection of a hydraulic actuator that is inserted into a pipe line between an operation oil chamber of the hydraulic operation control valve and a pilot valve that supplies pilot oil to the operation oil chamber and is operated by the tilt operation lever; and An operation pattern selection valve for selecting the operation direction of the hydraulic actuator relative to the operation direction of the tilting operation lever;
The operation pattern selection valve has an end plate attached to an end face of a cylindrical body that houses a rotary spool, and a rotary operation lever that rotates in the radial direction of the shaft on a shaft of the rotary spool that protrudes from the end plate. In a working machine having a configuration with
A screw for fixing the rotary operation lever, a first bracket having a mounting hole and a locking hole, a second bracket having a structure combined with the first bracket and having a locking hole; With a lock,
The screw is inserted into the mounting hole of the first bracket and the hole provided in the rotary operation lever, and is screwed into the screw hole provided in the end plate. Secure to the control lever,
The second bracket is combined with the first bracket and the head of the screw is covered with the second bracket, and the locking hole of the first bracket and the locking hole of the second bracket are A lock device for an operation pattern selection valve, wherein the rotary operation lever is locked by inserting the lock together.

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