JP4831679B2 - Hydraulic control system for work machines - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention belongs to the technical field of a hydraulic control system in a working machine that can recover and reuse the potential energy of the working part in a working machine that includes a working part that moves up and down.

In general, a work machine such as a hydraulic excavator or a crane includes a working unit that can freely move up and down, and the working unit is configured to be lifted and lowered based on an expansion and contraction operation of a hydraulic cylinder supplied with pressure oil from a hydraulic pump. However, in this case, conventionally, the oil discharged from the hydraulic cylinder weight holding side oil chamber to the oil tank when the working unit is lowered is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder in order to prevent a sudden drop due to its own weight. Meter-out control is performed by a throttle provided in a control valve that performs discharge control. That is, the working unit located above the ground has potential energy, but the potential energy is converted into thermal energy when passing through the throttle of the control valve, and the thermal energy is further converted into an oil cooler. Will be wasted into the atmosphere, resulting in wasted energy loss.
Therefore, in order to recover and reuse the potential energy of the working unit, an auxiliary hydraulic cylinder (assist cylinder) is provided in addition to the normal hydraulic cylinder, and when the working unit is lowered, the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder is moved from the weight holding side oil chamber. A technique is disclosed in which the discharged oil is accumulated in an accumulator, and the pressure oil accumulated in the accumulator is supplied to the weight holding side of the auxiliary cylinder when the working unit is raised (see, for example, Patent Document 1). .)
Japanese Patent No. 2582310

  By the way, when it is set as the structure which accumulates the potential energy of a working part to an accumulator like the said patent document 1, as an accumulator, the thing of the prada type or piston type suitable for an energy storage is used, but an accumulator is oil. If the oil is stored in the chamber for a long time with the pressure accumulated, the gas sealed in the gas chamber gradually dissolves in the oil and the amount of gas decreases. If gas is not injected into the tube, it may not function as an accumulator. For this reason, when working machines equipped with accumulators are not used for a long period of time, it is desirable to remove the pressure oil accumulated in the accumulators. However, construction machines such as hydraulic excavators are shared by multiple people. In some cases, it may not be possible to know when to use it next time, and even if it is known that it will not be used for a long time, the operator may forget to remove the pressure oil from the accumulator. There is a problem that it is impossible to reliably prevent the pressure oil from being left for a long period of time while the pressure oil is accumulated, and there is a problem to be solved by the present invention.

The present invention was created in order to solve these problems in view of the above circumstances, and the invention of claim 1 collects the potential energy of the working unit that moves up and down and accumulates it in the accumulator. while, in the hydraulic control system for a working machine comprising configured to reuse the accumulator oils in the accumulator, the said hydraulic control system, and the discharge oil passage leading to the oil tank from the accumulator, the exhaust Deyu A discharge valve that opens and closes the path; an accumulator discharge control unit that controls opening and closing of the discharge valve; and an accumulator discharge switch that is arbitrarily operated by an operator, and the accumulator discharge control unit includes a main power of the work machine. source discharge bar to open the discharge oil passage be based on any of the operation of the stop operation and the accumulator discharge switch operation A hydraulic control system in a working machine, characterized in that is configured to open control blanking.
In this way, when the main power source of the work machine is stopped at the end of the work, the drain oil passage opens and the accumulator pressure accumulation oil is automatically discharged to the oil tank, making it suitable for long-term storage. Thus, even when the work machine is not used for a long period of time, it is possible to reliably avoid a problem that oil is accumulated in the accumulator for a long period of time. Moreover, when performing maintenance of the accumulator, the accumulated pressure oil of the accumulator can be discharged to the oil tank by the operator arbitrarily operating the accumulator discharge switch.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the accumulator is connected to the discharge oil passage through an accumulator valve that controls supply and discharge of oil to and from the accumulator, while the accumulator discharge control means is configured to control the accumulator during opening control of the discharge valve. 2. The hydraulic control system for a work machine according to claim 1 , wherein the accumulator valve is controlled so as to allow an oil flow from an oil to a discharge oil passage. 3.
And by doing in this way, when the pressure accumulation oil of an accumulator is discharged to an oil tank, it can discharge without being disturbed by an accumulator check valve.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the discharge valve uses a poppet valve that opens and closes a discharge oil passage, and a control valve that switches the poppet valve from a closed state to an open state based on a signal output from an accumulator discharge control means. The hydraulic control system for a work machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hydraulic control system is configured as described above.
In this way, when the pressure accumulation oil of the accumulator is not discharged to the oil tank, the discharge oil passage can be reliably closed without leak by the poppet valve.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a hydraulic excavator that is an example of a work machine. The hydraulic excavator 1 includes a crawler-type lower traveling body 2 and an upper revolving body 3 that is rotatably supported above the lower traveling body 2. The working unit 4 is composed of various parts such as a working unit 4 mounted on the front of the upper swing body 3, and the working unit 4 further includes a boom 5 whose base end portion is supported by the upper swing body 3 so as to swing up and down, The arm 5 is supported at the front end of the boom 5 so as to be swingable back and forth, and the bucket 7 is attached to the front end of the arm 6.

  Reference numeral 8 denotes a pair of left and right boom cylinders (corresponding to the hydraulic cylinders of the present invention) that extend and contract to swing the boom 5 up and down. The boom cylinder 8 is operated by the pressure of the head side oil chamber 8a. And the boom 5 is lifted by the pressure oil supply to the head side oil chamber 8a and the oil discharge from the rod side oil chamber 8b, and the pressure oil supply to the rod side oil chamber 8b. Further, the boom 5 is lowered by being reduced by discharging the oil from the head side oil chamber 8a. As the boom 5 rises, the potential energy of the working unit 4 increases. The potential energy is recovered when the boom 5 is lowered by a hydraulic control system, which will be described later. It is used when the boom 5 is raised.

  Next, the hydraulic control system will be described with reference to the circuit diagrams of FIGS. 2 and 3. In these drawings, reference numerals 9 and 10 denote engines mounted on the hydraulic excavator 1 (corresponding to the main power source of the present invention). The first and second main pumps are connected to E via a pump drive gear portion G, and the first and second main pumps 9 and 10 suck the hydraulic oil from the oil tank 11 and first and second main pumps. The two pump oil passages 12 and 13 are configured to discharge. 2 and 3, circled numbers are connector symbols, and the corresponding circled numbers are connected to each other.

  Reference numerals 14 and 15 denote first and second regulators for controlling the discharge flow rates of the first and second main pumps 9 and 10, respectively. The first and second regulators 14 and 15 are controlled by a controller 16 described later. In response to the control signal pressure from the main pump control electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 17, the pump operates to produce a pump output corresponding to the engine speed and the work load, and the discharge pressures of the first and second main pumps 9 and 10. In response to constant horsepower control. Further, the first and second regulators 14 and 15 are configured to perform negative control flow rate control for increasing or decreasing the pump flow rate in accordance with the movement strokes of the spools of the first and second control valves 18 and 19 described later. .

  On the other hand, the first and second control valves 18 and 19 are direction switching valves respectively connected to the first and second pump oil passages 12 and 13, and the first and second control valves 18 and 19 The oil discharged from the first and second main pumps 9 and 10 is operated to be supplied to the boom cylinder 8. The first and second main pumps 9 and 10 are not only the boom cylinder 8 but also a plurality of other hydraulic actuators (not shown, travel motor, swing motor, arm cylinder, bucket cylinder) provided in the hydraulic excavator 1. Etc.), and control valves for other hydraulic actuators are connected to the first and second pump oil passages 12 and 13, but these are omitted.

  The first control valve 18 is composed of a spool valve having ascending and descending pilot ports 18a and 18b. When no pilot pressure is input to the pilot ports 18a and 18b, the boom cylinder 8 is located at a neutral position N where oil is not supplied or discharged, but when the pilot pressure is input to the ascending pilot port 18a, the spool moves, and the pressure oil of the first main pump 9 is transferred to the cylinder head side. While supplying oil to the head side oil chamber 8a of the boom cylinder 8 via the oil passage 20, oil discharged from the rod side oil chamber 8b to the cylinder rod side oil passage 21 is returned to the oil tank 11 via the return oil passage 22. The position is switched to the ascending side position X. Further, when the pilot pressure is input to the descending pilot port 18b, the spool moves to the side opposite to the ascending position X, and the pressure oil of the first main pump 9 passes through the cylinder rod side oil passage 21. Is supplied to the rod side oil chamber 8b of the boom cylinder 8 while the oil discharged from the head side oil chamber 8a to the cylinder head side oil passage 20 is supplied to the oil tank 11 via the return oil passage 22. It is configured to switch to Y. The cylinder head side oil passage 20 is an oil passage connected to the head side oil chamber 8a to supply and discharge oil to the head side oil chamber 8a of the boom cylinder 8, and the cylinder rod side oil passage 21 is a boom. This is an oil passage connected to the rod side oil chamber 8b to supply and discharge oil to the rod side oil chamber 8b of the cylinder 8.

  Here, the first control valve 18 at the descending position Y has a supply valve path 18c for supplying the pressure oil of the first main pump 9 to the rod side oil chamber 8b of the boom cylinder 8, and the head side oil chamber 8a. The discharge valve passage 18d for discharging the oil to the oil tank 11 is formed, and the supply valve passage 18c and the discharge valve passage 18d are oil from the discharge valve passage 18d to the supply valve passage 18c. Are connected through a check valve 18e that allows the flow of the gas but prevents the flow in the reverse direction, and throttles 18f and 18g are arranged in the supply valve path 18c and the discharge valve path 18d, respectively. Thus, when the first control valve 18 is in the lowered position Y, the pressure oil supply flow rate from the first main pump 9 to the rod-side oil chamber 8b is reduced by the throttle 18f arranged in the supply valve path 18c. On the other hand, the oil discharged from the head side oil chamber 8a is supplied from the discharge valve passage 18d to the rod side oil chamber 8b via the supply valve passage 18c, and the remaining oil is discharged to the discharge valve passage 18d. The oil is discharged into the oil tank 11 through a throttle 18g.

  On the other hand, the second control valve 19 is constituted by a spool valve provided with an ascending pilot port 19a, and when no pilot pressure is input to the ascending pilot port 19a, the oil supply / discharge of the boom cylinder 8 is performed. The spool is moved by the pilot pressure being input to the ascending-side pilot port 19a, and the pressure oil of the second main pump 10 passes through the cylinder head-side oil passage 20. The boom cylinder 8 is configured to switch to the ascending position X supplied to the head side oil chamber 8a.

  Reference numerals 23, 24, and 25 denote first ascending side, first descending side, and second ascending side electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valves. These electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valves 23, 24, and 25 are controlled by a control signal from the controller 16. Based on this, the first control valve 18 operates to output pilot pressure to the ascending pilot port 18a, the descending pilot port 18a, and the ascending pilot port 19a of the second control valve 19, respectively. The first and second control valves 18, 19 correspond to the increase / decrease in the pilot pressure output from the first ascending side, first descending side, and second ascending electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valves 23, 24, 25. The movement stroke of the spool is increased or decreased, whereby the flow rate of the supply / discharge oil from the first and second control valves 18 and 19 to the boom cylinder 8 is controlled. 2 and 3, reference numeral 26 denotes a pilot pump serving as a pilot hydraulic pressure source.

  Further, the first and second control valves 18 and 19 have a center bypass for flowing the pressure oil of the first and second main pumps 9 and 10 to the oil tank 11 via the first and second negative control valves 27 and 28. Valve paths 18h and 19b are formed. The opening amounts of the center bypass valve passages 18h and 19b are controlled to be the largest when the first and second control valves 18 and 19 are in the neutral position N, and become smaller as the moving stroke of the spool becomes larger. The center bypass valve path 18h of the first control valve 19 at the side position Y is opened via the throttle 18i even when the spool is full stroke. The passage flow rates of the center bypass valve passages 18h and 19b are inputted as negative control control signals to the first and second regulators 14 and 15, and the first passage flow rate of the center bypass valve passages 18h and 19b decreases. The so-called negative control flow rate control in which the discharge flow rate of the second main pumps 9 and 10 is increased is performed.

  Further, 29 is a drift reduction valve disposed in the cylinder head side oil passage 20, and 30 is an electromagnetic switching valve for a drift reduction valve that switches from the OFF position N to the ON position X based on the ON signal from the controller 16. The drift reducing valve 29 always allows the flow of oil from the first and second control valves 18 and 19 and the third control valve 37 described later to the head side oil chamber 8a of the boom cylinder 8, but in the reverse direction. This flow is configured to be blocked when the drift reducing valve electromagnetic switching valve 30 is in the OFF position N and allowed only when it is in the ON position X. Reference numeral 31 denotes a relief valve connected to the cylinder head side oil passage 20, and the maximum pressure of the cylinder head side oil passage 20 is limited by the relief valve 31.

  On the other hand, 32 is a dedicated pump, which is also connected to the engine E via the pump drive gear part G. The dedicated pump 32 sucks in oil supplied from the suction oil passage 33 and is dedicated to the pump. The discharge flow rate of the dedicated pump 32 is controlled by a dedicated pump regulator 35 that operates based on a control signal output from the controller 16 while discharging to the oil passage 34.

  Here, the suction oil passage 33 is supplied with pressure accumulation oil of the accumulator 36 or oil discharged from the head side oil chamber 8a of the boom cylinder 8, as will be described later. The pump 32 sucks the accumulated oil in the accumulator 36 or the discharged oil from the head side oil chamber 8 a of the boom cylinder 8 and discharges it to the dedicated pump oil passage 34.

  Reference numeral 37 denotes a third control valve connected to the dedicated pump oil passage 34. The third control valve 37 supplies pressure oil discharged from the dedicated pump 32 to the boom based on a control signal from the controller 16. Actuate to feed cylinder 8.

  The third control valve 37 will be described in detail. The third control valve 37 is based on the operation of the third ascending side and third descending electrooil conversion valves 38 and 39 to which a control signal from the controller 16 is input. When the operation signal is not input to both the electro-hydraulic conversion valves 38 and 39, the spool is moved in the neutral position N where no oil is supplied to or discharged from the boom cylinder 8. When the operation signal is input to the third ascending-side electro-oil conversion valve 38, the spool moves, and the discharge oil of the dedicated pump 32 passes through the cylinder head-side oil passage 20 to the head-side oil chamber of the boom cylinder 8. While being supplied to 8 a, the oil discharged from the rod side oil chamber 8 b to the cylinder rod side oil passage 21 is switched to the ascending position X through which the oil flows to the oil tank 11 via the return oil passage 22. Further, when an operation control signal is input to the third lowering-side electrooil conversion valve 39, the spool moves to the side opposite to the ascending-side position X, and the discharge oil of the dedicated pump 32 is supplied to the cylinder rod-side oil. It is configured to switch to a lower position Y to be supplied to the rod side oil chamber 8b of the boom cylinder 8 via the path 21.

  The movement stroke of the spool of the third control valve 37 is controlled to increase / decrease according to the signal value of the operation signal input from the controller 16 to the third ascending side and third descending electrooil conversion valves 38, 39. The flow rate of the supply / discharge oil from the third control valve 37 to the boom cylinder 8 is controlled by increasing / decreasing the movement stroke of the spool.

  Further, reference numeral 40 denotes a recovery oil passage branched from the cylinder head side oil passage 20, and a recovery valve 41 is arranged in the recovery oil passage 40, and a downstream side of the recovery valve 41. Is connected to an accumulator oil passage 42, the suction oil passage 33, and a discharge oil passage 49, which will be described later. Further, the recovery oil passage 40 is provided with a check valve 43 that allows oil flow from the cylinder head side oil passage 20 to the connection portion C side but prevents reverse flow. Thus, the oil discharged from the head side oil chamber 8 a of the boom cylinder 8 to the cylinder head side oil passage 20 can be supplied to the accumulator oil passage 42 and the suction oil passage 33 via the recovery oil passage 40. It can be done.

  The recovery valve 41 is an open / close valve in which the spool moves based on the operation of the recovery electro-oil conversion valve 44 to which a control signal from the controller 16 is input. In a state in which no input is made, the recovery oil passage 40 is positioned at the closed position N. However, when the operation signal is input to the recovery electro-oil conversion valve 44, the spool moves and the recovery oil passage 40 is It is configured to switch to the open position X to be opened.

  The movement stroke of the spool of the recovery valve 41 is controlled to increase or decrease according to the signal value of the operation signal input from the controller 16 to the recovery electro-oil conversion valve 44. By the increase / decrease control, the flow rate of the oil flowing from the head side oil chamber 8a of the boom cylinder 8 to the accumulator oil passage 42 and the suction oil passage 33 via the recovery oil passage 40 is controlled.

  On the other hand, the accumulator oil passage 42 is an oil passage from the connecting portion C to the accumulator 36 via an accumulator check valve (corresponding to the accumulator valve of the present invention) 45, and the maximum pressure of the accumulator oil passage 42. Is limited by a relief valve 46 connected to the accumulator oil passage 42. In the present embodiment, the accumulator 36 is an optimal prada type for accumulating hydraulic energy, but is not limited thereto, and may be a piston type, for example.

  The accumulator check valve 45 is a valve for performing oil supply / discharge control with respect to the accumulator 36, and is an accumulator check that switches from the OFF position N to the ON position X based on the poppet valve 47 and the ON signal output from the controller 16. It is comprised using the solenoid valve 48 for valves. The poppet valve 47 allows the flow of oil from the recovered oil passage 40 to the accumulator 36 regardless of whether the accumulator check valve electromagnetic switching valve 48 is in the OFF position N or the ON position X. From the oil to the suction oil passage 33 and the discharge oil passage 49 is blocked when the accumulator check valve electromagnetic switching valve 48 is located at the OFF position N and allowed only when it is located at the ON position X. It is configured as follows. Note that the flow of oil from the recovered oil passage 40 to the accumulator 36 is allowed regardless of whether the accumulator check valve electromagnetic switching valve 48 is in the OFF position N or the ON position X as described above, but the accumulator check valve In the state where the electromagnetic switching valve 48 is in the ON position X, the pressure in the accumulator oil passage 42 is not introduced into the spring chamber 47a of the poppet valve 47, and therefore the accumulator oil is discharged from the recovery oil passage 40 with almost no pressure loss. Oil can flow through the passage 36.

  Further, the drain oil passage 49 is an oil passage from the connection portion C to the oil tank 11, and the accumulator 36 is connected to the drain oil passage 49 via the accumulator check valve 45 and the drain oil passage 49. The pressure accumulation oil of the accumulator 36 can be discharged to the oil tank 11 via the tank, and a tank check valve (corresponding to the discharge valve of the present invention) 50 is arranged in the discharge oil passage 49. ing.

  The tank check valve 50 includes a poppet valve 51 that opens and closes a discharge oil passage 49, and a tank check valve electromagnetic switching valve that switches from an OFF position N to an ON position X based on an ON signal output from the controller 16. 52, which corresponds to the control valve). When the tank check valve electromagnetic switching valve 52 is located at the OFF position N, the poppet valve 51 has a pressure on the upstream side of the tank check valve 50 via the tank check valve electromagnetic switching valve 52. By being introduced into the spring chamber 51a of the valve 51, the flow of oil from the discharge oil passage 49 to the oil tank 11 is blocked, that is, the discharge oil passage 49 is closed, but the tank check valve electromagnetic When the switching valve 52 is switched to the ON position X, the spring chamber 51 a communicates with the oil tank 11, thereby permitting the oil flow from the drain oil passage 49 to the oil tank 11, that is, the drain oil passage 49. It is comprised so that it may switch to the open state which opens.

  On the other hand, the controller 16 is configured by using a microcomputer or the like, and as shown in the block diagram of FIG. 4, a boom operation detecting means 53 for detecting an operation direction and an operation amount of a boom operation lever (not shown). The first discharge side pressure sensor 54 connected to the first pump oil passage 12 to detect the discharge pressure of the first main pump 9, and the second discharge side pump oil passage to detect the discharge pressure of the second main pump 10. 13, a second discharge side pressure sensor 55 connected to 13, a third discharge side pressure sensor 56 connected to the dedicated pump oil passage 34 to detect the discharge pressure of the dedicated pump 32, and a suction side pressure of the dedicated pump 32 are detected. The suction side pressure sensor 57 connected to the suction oil passage 33 and the cylinder head side oil passage 20 are contacted to detect the pressure of the head side oil chamber 8a of the boom cylinder 8. The cylinder head side pressure sensor 58, the cylinder rod side pressure sensor 59 connected to the cylinder rod side oil passage 21 to detect the pressure of the rod side oil chamber 8b of the boom cylinder 8, and the accumulator to detect the pressure of the accumulator 36. Input signals from an accumulator pressure sensor 60 connected to the oil passage 42, an engine key switch 62 operated to start and stop the engine E, an accumulator discharge switch 63 described later, and the like, based on these input signals, The main pump control electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 17, the first upward electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 23, the first lowering electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 24, the second upward electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 25, and the drift reducing valve electromagnetic switching valve 30 described above. , A dedicated pump regulator 35, a third ascending-side electro-oil conversion valve 38, a third descending-side electro-oil conversion valve 39, Acquisition electro-hydraulic conversion valve 44, the electromagnetic switching valve 48 for accumulator check valve, and outputs a control signal to the electromagnetic switching valve 52 or the like for the tank check valve.

  Here, 61 is a pressure accumulation state calculation unit provided in the controller 16, and the pressure accumulation state calculation unit 61 is an accumulator oil passage input from an accumulator pressure sensor 60 (corresponding to the pressure accumulation state detection means of the present invention). Based on the pressure of 42, the current pressure accumulation state (%) of the accumulator 36 is calculated. The accumulator state (%) is, for example, 0% if the pressure in the accumulator oil passage 42 is equal to the gas charging pressure of the accumulator 36, 100% if the pressure is equal to or higher than a preset pressure, and the pressure between the gas charging pressure and the setting pressure. If it is not, the calculation is performed so that the percentage increases as the pressure in the accumulator oil passage 42 increases. For the calculation of the pressure accumulation state, temperature correction is performed as necessary. Further, reference numeral 64 denotes an accumulator discharge control unit (corresponding to the accumulator discharge control means of the present invention) provided in the controller 16, and the accumulator discharge control performed by the accumulator discharge control unit 64 will be described later.

  Next, the control of the controller 16 when the boom operating lever is operated to the boom raising side, that is, when the boom raising side operation detection signal is input from the boom operation detecting means 53 will be described. In this case, since the control of the controller 16 differs depending on the pressure accumulation state of the accumulator 36 calculated by the pressure accumulation state calculation unit 61, first, a case where the pressure accumulation state is 100%, that is, when the pressure is sufficiently accumulated in the accumulator 36 will be described.

  When the accumulator 36 is operated to the boom raising side when the pressure accumulation state is 100%, the controller 16 outputs a control signal to the main pump control electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 17 so that the pump output corresponds to the engine speed. Then, a control signal is output to the ascending pilot port 19a of the second control valve 19 so that a pilot pressure corresponding to the operation amount of the boom operating lever is output to the second ascending electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 25. As a result, the spool of the second control valve 19 is moved by the stroke corresponding to the operation amount of the boom operation lever, and is switched to the ascending position X. Thus, the oil discharged from the second main pump 10 flows into the cylinder head side oil passage 20 via the second control valve 19 at the ascending side position X, and is supplied to the head side oil chamber 8a of the boom cylinder 8. The

  Furthermore, the controller 16 outputs a control command to the dedicated pump regulator 35 so that the discharge flow rate of the dedicated pump 32 becomes a flow rate corresponding to the operation amount of the boom operation lever. 38, an operation signal having a signal value corresponding to the operation amount of the boom operation lever is output. As a result, the spool of the third control valve 37 is moved by the stroke corresponding to the operation amount of the boom operation lever, and is switched to the ascending position X. Thus, the oil discharged from the dedicated pump 32 flows into the cylinder head side oil passage 20 via the third control valve 37 at the ascending side position X, and in the cylinder head side oil passage 20, the second main pump 10 described above. It merges with the discharged oil and is supplied to the head side oil chamber 8 a of the boom cylinder 8. On the other hand, the oil in the rod side oil chamber 8 b of the boom cylinder 8 is discharged to the oil tank 11 via the third control valve 37 at the ascending side position X.

  Further, the controller 16 outputs an ON signal to the accumulator check valve electromagnetic switching valve 48 so as to switch to the ON position X. As a result, the accumulator check valve 45 is in a state of allowing the oil flow from the accumulator oil passage 42 to the suction oil passage 33. Thus, the pressure oil accumulated in the accumulator 36 is supplied to the suction side of the dedicated pump 32 via the suction oil passage 33.

  Further, when the boom control lever is operated to the boom raising side in the pressure accumulation state 100%, a control signal for pilot pressure output is output from the controller 16 to the first raising side and first lowering electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valves 23 and 24. First, the first control valve 18 is held at the neutral position N. As a result, the oil discharged from the first main pump 9 is not supplied to the boom cylinder 8, and the flow rate of the first main pump 9 is controlled to be minimized by the negative control flow rate control.

  Further, no operation signal is output from the controller 16 to the recovery electro-oil conversion valve 44, and the recovery valve 41 is located at the closed position N where the recovery oil passage 40 is closed. Thereby, the supply pressure oil from the second control valve 19 and the third control valve 37 is supplied to the head side oil chamber 8a of the boom cylinder 8 without flowing into the accumulator oil passage 42 and the suction oil passage 33. It has become.

  Further, the controller 16 does not output an ON signal to the tank check valve electromagnetic switching valve 52, and the tank check valve 50 is in a closed state in which the drain oil passage 49 is closed. As a result, the accumulated oil in the accumulator 36 is supplied to the suction side of the dedicated pump 32 via the suction oil passage 33 as described above without being discharged from the discharge oil passage 49 to the oil tank 11. ing.

  Next, a case where the accumulator 36 is operated at the boom raising side when the pressure accumulation state is 0% will be described. In this case, the main pump controlling electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 17, the second raising side electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 25, the accumulator check valve will be described. For the electromagnetic switching valve 48 for recovery, the electro-hydraulic conversion valve 44 for recovery, and the electromagnetic switching valve 52 for tank check valve, the same control is performed as when operated to the boom raising side in the pressure accumulation state 100%.

  Further, when the pressure accumulation state is 0% and the controller 16 is operated to the boom raising side, the controller 16 connects the boom operating lever to the raising pilot port 18a of the first control valve 18 with respect to the first raising electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 23. A control signal is output so as to output a pilot pressure corresponding to the operation amount. As a result, the spool of the first control valve 18 is moved by the stroke corresponding to the operation amount of the boom operation lever, and is switched to the ascending position X. Thus, the oil discharged from the first main pump 9 flows into the cylinder head side oil passage 20 via the first control valve 18 at the ascending side position X, and the second main pump 10 is supplied to the cylinder head side oil passage 20. And is supplied to the head side oil chamber 8a of the boom cylinder 8. On the other hand, the oil in the rod side oil chamber 8 b of the boom cylinder 8 is discharged to the oil tank 11 via the first control valve 18 at the ascending side position X.

  Further, the controller 16 outputs a control command to the dedicated pump regulator 35 so that the discharge flow rate of the dedicated pump 32 becomes zero, that is, the pressure oil supply of the dedicated pump 32 is stopped. Further, no operation command is output from the controller 16 to the third ascending side and third descending electrohydraulic conversion valves 38, 39, and the third control valve 37 is held at the neutral position N. Thereby, pressure oil is not supplied from the dedicated pump 32 to the head side oil chamber 8a of the boom cylinder 8.

  On the other hand, when the pressure accumulation state of the accumulator 36 is between 0% and 100% (however, 0% and 100% are not included), the controller 16 controls the first ascending electromagnetic proportional pressure reduction when operated on the boom raising side. The control signal is output to the valve 23 and the third ascending-side electro-oil conversion valve 38, and the first control valve 18 and the third control valve 37 are switched to the ascending-side position X. Further, control is performed so that the supply pressure oil from the first main pump 9 is joined and supplied to the head side oil chamber 8a of the boom cylinder 8. In this case, as the pressure accumulation state of the accumulator 36 decreases, the dedicated pump 32 The discharge flow rate and the movement stroke of the spool of the third control valve 37 are reduced, while the movement of the spool of the first control valve 18 is reduced. Stroke is controlled to increase. That is, as the pressure accumulation state of the accumulator 36 decreases, the supply flow rate from the dedicated pump 32 decreases while the supply flow rate from the first main pump 9 increases. Is added to the supply flow rate from the first main pump 9 to control the flow rate for one pump.

  Further, even when the pressure accumulation state is between 0% and 100%, the main pump control electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 17, the second ascending electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 25, the accumulator check valve electromagnetic switching valve 48, the recovery electro-oil conversion The valve 44 and the tank check valve electromagnetic switching valve 52 are controlled in the same manner as when the valve is operated to the boom raising side in the pressure accumulation state 100%.

  Thus, when the accumulator 36 is at 100% accumulated pressure when the boom 5 is raised, the flow rate for one pump supplied from the dedicated pump 32 and the flow rate for one pump supplied from the second main pump 10 Are combined and supplied to the head side oil chamber 8a of the boom cylinder 8, and when the pressure accumulation state of the accumulator 36 is 0%, pressure oil is not supplied from the dedicated pump 32 but supplied from the first main pump 9. The flow rate for one pump and the flow rate for one pump supplied from the second main pump 9 are merged and supplied to the head side oil chamber 8a, and the accumulator 36 has a pressure accumulation state of 0% to 100%. When the flow rate for one pump supplied from the dedicated pump 32 and the first main pump 9 and the flow rate for one pump supplied from the second main pump 10 merge. It is supplied to the head-side oil chambers 8a Te. Therefore, when the boom 5 is raised, regardless of the pressure accumulation state of the accumulator 36, the flow rate of two pumps is always supplied to the head side oil chamber 8a, and the boom 5 resists the weight load of the working unit 5. Even if it is raised, the boom 5 can be raised at a desired speed corresponding to the amount of operation of the boom operation lever. In this case, the dedicated pump 32 uses the high pressure accumulated in the accumulator 36. Since the oil is sucked and discharged, the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side is small, and the pressure oil can be supplied with a much smaller required power than the first and second main pumps 9 and 10.

  Next, the control of the controller 16 when the boom operation lever is operated to the boom lowering side, that is, when the boom lowering operation detection signal is input from the boom operation detecting means 53 will be described. Also in this case, since the control of the controller 16 varies depending on the pressure accumulation state of the accumulator 36, first, a case where the pressure accumulation state is 100%, that is, the case where the accumulator 36 is sufficiently accumulated will be described.

When the accumulator 36 is operated to the boom lowering side when the pressure accumulation state is 100%, the controller 16 outputs a control signal to the main pump control electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 17 so as to reduce the pump output. At this time, the control signal for pilot pressure output is not output from the controller 16 to the first descending electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 24, and the first control valve 18 is held at the neutral position N. Thereby, the discharge oil of the first main pump 9 is not supplied to the rod side oil chamber 8b, and the flow rate of the first main pump 9 is controlled to be the minimum by the negative control flow rate control.
The second control valve 19 does not have a lower side position for supplying pressure oil to the rod side oil chamber 8b. Therefore, regardless of the pressure accumulation state of the accumulator 36, when the boom 5 is lowered, the second control valve 19 moves from the second main pump 10 to the rod. Pressure oil is not supplied to the side oil chamber 8b, and the flow rate of the second main pump 10 is controlled to be minimized by negative control flow rate control.

  Furthermore, the controller 16 outputs a control command to the dedicated pump regulator 35 so that the discharge flow rate of the dedicated pump 32 becomes a flow rate corresponding to the operation amount of the boom operation lever. 39, an operation signal having a signal value corresponding to the operation amount of the boom operation lever is output. As a result, the spool of the third control valve 37 is moved by the stroke corresponding to the operation amount of the boom operation lever, and is switched to the lower position Y. Thus, the oil discharged from the dedicated pump 32 flows into the cylinder rod side oil passage 21 via the third control valve 37 at the descending position Y, and is supplied to the rod side oil chamber 8 b of the boom cylinder 8.

  Further, the controller 16 outputs an ON signal to the drift reducing valve electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 30 so as to switch to the ON position X. As a result, the drift reduction valve 29 is allowed to discharge oil from the head side oil chamber 8a of the boom cylinder 8.

  Further, the controller 16 outputs an operation signal having a signal value corresponding to the operation amount of the boom operation lever to the collecting electro-oil conversion valve 44. Thus, the recovery valve 41 is switched to the open position X in which the spool is moved by a stroke corresponding to the operation amount of the boom operation lever, and the recovery oil passage 40 is opened. Thus, the oil discharged from the head side oil chamber 8a of the boom cylinder 8 flows into the accumulator oil passage 42 and the suction oil passage 33 via the recovery oil passage 40, and is accumulated in the accumulator 36. Further, at this time, the controller 16 outputs an ON signal to the accumulator check valve electromagnetic switching valve 48 so as to switch to the ON position X. As a result, oil can flow from the recovery oil passage 40 to the accumulator oil passage 42 with almost no pressure loss.

  Further, the controller 16 does not output an ON signal to the tank check valve electromagnetic switching valve 52, and the tank check valve 50 is in a closed state in which the drain oil passage 49 is closed. Thus, the oil flowing from the head side oil chamber 8a of the boom cylinder 8 to the recovered oil passage 40 is not discharged to the oil tank 11 via the discharge oil passage 49, and the accumulator oil passage 42 and the suction oil passage. 33 is supplied.

  Next, a case where the accumulator 36 is operated at the boom lower side when the pressure accumulation state is 0% will be described. In this case, the main pump control electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 17, the drift reducing valve electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 30, the recovery power supply is explained. The oil conversion valve 44, the accumulator check valve electromagnetic switching valve 48, and the tank check valve electromagnetic switching valve 52 are controlled in the same manner as when operated in the boom lowering direction in the pressure accumulation state 100%.

  Further, when the pressure accumulation state is 0% and the controller 16 is operated to the boom lowering side, the controller 16 connects the boom operating lever to the lowering pilot port 18b of the first control valve 18 with respect to the first lowering electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 24. A control signal is output so as to output a pilot pressure corresponding to the operation amount. As a result, the spool of the first control valve 18 is moved by the stroke corresponding to the amount of operation of the boom operation lever, and is switched to the lower position Y. Thus, the oil discharged from the first main pump 9 flows into the cylinder rod side oil passage 21 via the first control valve 18 at the descending position Y and is supplied to the rod side oil chamber 8b of the boom cylinder 8. The In this case, as described above, the first control valve 18 at the descending position Y is provided with the throttles 18f and 18g in the supply oil passage 18c and the discharge valve passage 18d, and the supply oil passage 18c and the discharge valve 18d. The valve passage 18d communicates with the check valve 18e, so that the flow rate of pressure oil supplied from the first main pump 9 to the rod-side oil chamber 8b is reduced, while the head-side oil chamber 8a The discharged oil is supplied from the discharge valve path 18d to the rod-side oil chamber 8b through the supply valve path 18c, and the remaining slight flow rate is supplied through the throttle 18g disposed in the discharge valve path 18d. The oil tank 11 is then discharged.

  Further, the controller 16 outputs a control command to the dedicated pump regulator 35 so that the discharge flow rate of the dedicated pump 32 becomes zero, that is, the pressure oil supply of the dedicated pump 32 is stopped. Further, no operation command is output from the controller 16 to the third ascending side and third descending electrohydraulic conversion valves 38, 39, and the third control valve 37 is held at the neutral position N. Thereby, pressure oil is not supplied from the dedicated pump 32 to the rod side oil chamber 8b of the boom cylinder 8.

  On the other hand, when the pressure accumulation state of the accumulator 36 is between 0% and 100% (however, 0% and 100% are not included), the controller 16 controls the first descending electromagnetic proportional pressure reduction when operated on the boom lowering side. A control signal is output to the valve 24 and the third descending electro-hydraulic conversion valve 39, and control is performed so that pressure oil is supplied from the first control valve 18 and the third control valve 37 to the rod-side oil chamber 8b. In this case, as the pressure accumulation state of the accumulator 36 decreases, the discharge flow rate of the dedicated pump 32 and the movement stroke of the spool of the third control valve 37 are reduced, and the movement stroke of the spool of the first control valve 18 is increased. Is done. That is, as the pressure accumulation state of the accumulator 36 decreases, the supply flow rate from the dedicated pump 32 decreases while the supply flow rate from the first main pump 9 increases.

  Further, even when the pressure accumulation state is between 0% and 100%, the electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 17 for main pump control, the electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 30 for drift reducing valve, the electro-hydraulic conversion valve 44 for recovery, and the electromagnetic switching for the accumulator check valve The valve 48 and the tank check valve electromagnetic switching valve 52 are controlled in the same manner as in the case where the valve is operated to the boom lowering side in the above-described pressure accumulation state 100%.

  Thus, when the pressure accumulation state of the accumulator 36 is 100% when the boom 5 is lowered, the pressure oil from the dedicated pump 32 is supplied to the rod-side oil chamber 8b of the boom cylinder 8 and the pressure accumulation state of the accumulator 36 is reached. Is 0%, the pressure oil from the first main pump 9 and the oil discharged from the head side oil chamber 8a merge via the first control valve 18 instead of being supplied with pressure oil from the dedicated pump 32. And when the accumulator 36 has a pressure accumulation state of 0% to 100%, the pressure oil from the dedicated pump 32, the pressure oil from the first main pump 9 via the first control valve 18, and The oil discharged from the head side oil chamber 8a merges and is supplied to the rod side oil chamber 8b. In this case, the dedicated pump 32 is discharged from the head side oil chamber 8a. And for discharging inhale pressure of the pressure oil, a small differential pressure between the suction side and the discharge side, it is possible to perform the pressure oil supply at much less power requirements than the first main pump 9.

On the other hand, when the boom 5 is lowered, the oil discharged from the head-side oil chamber 8a of the boom cylinder 8 is at a high pressure due to the potential energy of the working unit 4, and the rod is in consideration of the pressure receiving area acting on the piston 8c. The amount of oil discharged is approximately twice the amount supplied to the side oil chamber 8a. However, the oil discharged from the head side oil chamber 8a is supplied to the suction side of the dedicated pump 32, and as described above, the dedicated pump. 32 is supplied to the rod side oil chamber 8 b and is accumulated in the accumulator 36. As described above, the pressure oil accumulated in the accumulator 36 is supplied from the dedicated pump 32 to the head-side oil chamber 8a when the boom 5 is raised. Thus, the potential energy of the working unit 4 can be recovered and reused without being wasted.
When the pressure accumulation state of the accumulator 36 is 0% or 0% to 100% when the boom 5 is lowered, a part of the oil discharged from the head side oil chamber 8a passes through the first control valve 18. Thus, the remaining small flow rate is discharged to the oil tank 11 through a throttle 18g disposed in the discharge valve path 18d. Incidentally, even if the pressure accumulation state of the accumulator 36 is 0% at the start of lowering of the boom 5, when oil is discharged from the head side oil chamber 8a as the boom 5 is lowered, pressure accumulation to the accumulator 36 is started. The pressure accumulation state of 0% is only immediately after the boom 5 starts to descend.

Next, accumulator discharge control performed by the accumulator discharge control unit 64 will be described based on a control block diagram shown in FIG.
The accumulator discharge control unit 64 receives a switching signal from “OFF” to “ON” from the accumulator discharging switch 63 or a switching signal from “ON” to “OFF” from the engine key switch 62. In this case, an ON signal is output to switch to the ON position X with respect to the accumulator check valve electromagnetic switching valve 48 and the tank check valve electromagnetic switching valve 52. As a result, the accumulator check valve 45 is allowed to flow oil from the accumulator 36 to the discharge oil passage 49, and the tank check valve 50 is switched to an open state in which the discharge oil passage 49 is opened. The accumulated oil in the accumulator 36 is discharged to the oil tank 11 via the discharge oil passage 49. That is, regardless of whether the accumulator discharge switch 63 is operated “ON” or the engine key switch 62 is operated “OFF”, the accumulated oil in the accumulator 36 passes through the discharge oil passage 49 to the oil. It is discharged to the tank 11.

  Here, the accumulator discharge switch 63 is an operation switch that is arbitrarily operated by the operator when it is desired to discharge the accumulated oil in the accumulator 36 to the oil tank 11 when maintenance of the accumulator 36 is performed.

  Further, in the present embodiment, even after the engine key switch 62 is turned “OFF”, the electrical system of the controller 16, the accumulator check valve electromagnetic switching valve 48, and the tank check valve electromagnetic switching valve 52 is energized. The accumulator discharge control described above can be performed. To the accumulator check valve electromagnetic switching valve 48 and the tank check valve electromagnetic switching valve 52 when the engine key switch 62 is operated to be “OFF”. The ON signal output is set to be stopped after a predetermined time required for discharging the accumulated oil in the accumulator 36 (the predetermined time is appropriately set according to the capacity of the accumulator 36, etc.). ing. The ON signal output to the accumulator check valve solenoid switching valve 48 and the tank check valve solenoid switching valve 52 when the accumulator discharge switch 63 is “ON” is operated when the accumulator discharge switch 63 is “OFF” operated. To stop it.

  In the present embodiment configured as described, the oil discharged from the head side oil chamber 8a of the boom cylinder 8 when the boom 5 is lowered is accumulated in the accumulator 36, while the oil accumulated in the accumulator 36 is When the boom 5 is raised, it is supplied to the head-side oil chamber 8a of the boom cylinder 8 via the dedicated pump 32. Thus, the potential energy of the working unit 4 can be effectively recovered and reused. In this case, a discharge oil passage 49 from the accumulator 36 to the oil tank 11 and a tank check valve 50 for opening and closing the discharge oil passage 49 are provided. The tank check valve 50 is connected to an controller provided in the controller 16 when the engine key switch 62 is turned “OFF”. Open the discharge oil passage 49 based on the output signal from Yumureta discharge control unit 64, which will cause the accumulator oils in the accumulator 36 is discharged to the oil tank 11 via the discharge oil passage 49.

  As a result, when the engine key switch 62 is turned “OFF” at the end of the work of the hydraulic excavator 1, the accumulated oil in the accumulator 36 is automatically discharged to the oil tank 11, and is in a state suitable for long-term storage. Even when the excavator 1 is not used for a long period of time, it is possible to reliably avoid such a problem that the gas amount is decreased by leaving the oil accumulated in the accumulator 36 for a long period of time.

  Further, in this case, an accumulator discharge switch 63 that is arbitrarily operated by an operator is provided, and when the accumulator discharge switch 63 is operated “ON”, the tank check valve 50 outputs an output signal from the accumulator discharge control unit 64. Based on this, the discharge oil passage 49 is opened, whereby the accumulated oil in the accumulator 36 is discharged to the oil tank 11 via the discharge oil passage 49.

  Thus, when the accumulator 36 is to be maintained, the operator can arbitrarily turn on the accumulator discharge switch 63 so that the accumulated oil in the accumulator 36 can be discharged to the oil tank 11. Maintenance work can be easily performed.

  In addition, the tank check valve 50 includes a poppet valve 51 that opens and closes the discharge oil passage 49, and a tank check valve that switches the poppet valve 51 from a closed state to an open state based on an ON signal output from the accumulator discharge control unit 64. Therefore, when the pressure accumulation oil of the accumulator 36 is discharged to the oil tank 11, the discharge oil passage 49 is reliably closed without leak by the poppet valve 51. be able to.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the accumulator 36 is connected to the discharge oil passage 49 via the accumulator check valve 45 that controls the supply and discharge of oil to and from the accumulator 36, so that the accumulated oil in the accumulator 36 is supplied to the oil tank 11. In this case, the accumulated oil is discharged via the accumulator check valve 45, and the accumulator discharge control unit 64 is simultaneously discharged from the accumulator 36 when the tank check valve 50 is opened. Since the accumulator check valve 45 is controlled so as to allow the oil flow to 49, the accumulated oil in the accumulator 36 can be discharged to the oil tank 11 without being blocked by the accumulator check valve 45.

Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. In the above-described embodiment, the boom cylinder hydraulic control system of the excavator has been described as an example. The present invention can be implemented in various hydraulic control systems configured to collect the potential energy and accumulate the pressure in the accumulator, and to reuse the oil accumulated in the accumulator.
Further, although the engine is employed as the main power source of the work machine in the above embodiment, electricity may be used as the main power source.

It is a side view of a hydraulic excavator. It is a circuit diagram of a hydraulic control system. It is a circuit diagram of a hydraulic control system. It is a block diagram which shows the input / output of a controller. It is a control block diagram which shows accumulator discharge | emission control.

Explanation of symbols

4 Working part 8 Boom cylinder 11 Oil tank 36 Accumulator 45 Accumulator check valve 49 Oil discharge path 50 Tank check valve 51 Poppet valve 52 Solenoid valve for tank check valve 62 Engine key switch 63 Accumulator discharge switch 64 Accumulator discharge control part

Claims (3)

In the hydraulic control system for a work machine configured to collect the potential energy of the working unit that moves up and down and accumulate the pressure in the accumulator, and to reuse the oil accumulated in the accumulator, the hydraulic control system includes : A discharge oil passage from the accumulator to the oil tank, a discharge valve for opening and closing the discharge oil passage, an accumulator discharge control means for controlling the opening and closing of the discharge valve, and an accumulator discharge switch arbitrarily operated by an operator provided that, the accumulator discharge control means is configured to the discharge valve for opening control to open the discharge oil passage be based on any of the operation of the operation of the main power source stop operation and the accumulator discharge switch of the working machine Hydraulic control system for work machines characterized by The accumulator is connected to the discharge oil passage through an accumulator valve that controls the supply and discharge of oil to and from the accumulator, while the accumulator discharge control means is configured to control the oil from the accumulator to the discharge oil passage when the discharge valve is opened. 2. The hydraulic control system for a work machine according to claim 1 , wherein the accumulator valve is controlled so as to allow the flow of air. The discharge valve is configured using a poppet valve that opens and closes a discharge oil passage, and a control valve that switches the poppet valve from a closed state to an open state based on a signal output from an accumulator discharge control means. A hydraulic control system for a work machine according to claim 1 or 2 .

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